Fruit, medium sized; oblate, regularly and handsomely shaped. Skin, bright green at first on the shaded side, but changing as it ripens to clear yellow, marked with traces of russet, and russety dots; but entirely covered with deep crimson, which is also marked with traces of russet on the side next the sun, extending even to some portion of the shaded side. Eye, open, with short segments, which are reflexed at the tips, and set in a wide, even, and deep basin. Stalk, very short, inserted in a wide and deep cavity, lined with russet, which extends over a portion of the base. Flesh, yellowish-white, firm, crisp, brisk, rich, and sugary, with an abundance of vinous and perfumed juice.
A valuable dessert apple of the first quality; in use from December to May.
The tree is of small habit of growth, but very hardy and an abundant bearer. It is well adapted for espalier training when worked on the paradise stock; and if grafted on the Pomme Paradis of the French, it may be grown in pots, in which it forms a beautiful and interesting object when laden with its beautiful fruit.
The bloom expands later than that of any other variety, and on that account is less liable to be injured by spring frosts, hence, according to Thompson, it has been called the Wise Apple.
This is not the Capendu of Duhamel, as quoted by Lindley and Downing; neither is it the Court-pendu of Forsyth and De Quintinye, that variety being the Fenouillet Rouge of Duhamel, see No. 123. The Courpendu of Miller is also a different apple from any of those just mentioned, and is distinguished by having a long and slender stalk, “so that the fruit is always hanging downwards.” The name of this variety is derived from Corps pendu translated by some Hanging Body, whereas that of the variety above described, is from Court pendu, signifying suspended short, the stalk being so short, that the fruit, sits, as it were, upon the branch. The name Capendu or Capendua, is mentioned by the earliest authors, but applied to different varieties of apples. It is met with in Ruellius, Tragus, Curtius, and Dalechamp, the latter considering it the Cestiana of Pliny. Curtius applies the name to a yellow apple, and so also does Ruellius; but Tragus considers it one of the varieties of Passe-pomme, he says, “Capendua magna sunt alba et dulcia, in quorum utero semina per maturitatem sonant, Ruellio Passipoma apellantur.” They are also mentioned by J. Bauhin, “Celeberrimum hoc pomi genus est totius Europæ, sic dicta, quòd ex curto admodum pendeant pediculo.”
Fruit, of a pretty good size, a little more long than broad, but narrow at the crown, in which appear a few obtuse and undefined plaits. Eye, small, with very short converging segments of the calyx. Stalk, hardly half an inch long, very stiff and straight. Skin, a small part of it pale gold on the shaded side, and round the base, but of a bright red over a great part, and where fully exposed to the sun, of an intense, deep, purplish crimson; there are numerous short streaks, which mark the shady part of the fruit.
Specific gravity of its juice 1069.
A cider apple, which takes its name from the parish of Cowarne, near Broomyard, in Herefordshire, where it was raised about the beginning of the last century.—Lindley.
Fruit, below medium size; conical, and angular on the sides. Skin, pale yellow with a tinge of red next the sun. Eye, small and closed, set in an even basin. Stalk, short, and deeply inserted. Flesh, yellow, crisp, sweet, and highly flavored.
An excellent dessert apple, ripe in October.
This variety was raised at St. Mary’s Cray, in Kent, by Richard Waring, Esq., and was exhibited at the London Horticultural Society, on the 15th of October, 1822.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and three quarters wide, and two inches and a quarter high; roundish. Skin, fine deep rich yellow on the shaded side; but deep orange next the sun, and covered with beautiful red, which is striped with darker red, the whole marked with patches of thin and delicate brown russet, and thickly strewed with dark russety dots. Eye, open, with broad flat segments, and set in a narrow, shallow, and regularly plaited basin. Stalk, short, set in a deep cavity, which is lined with russet. Flesh, yellow, tender, crisp, juicy, sugary, and richly flavored.
An excellent dessert apple, in use during October and November, after which it becomes dry and meally but does not shrivel.
This variety was raised from a seed of the Scarlet Nonpareil, by Mr. Creed, gardener, at Norton Court, near Faversham, in Kent.
Fruit, rather below medium size, two inches and a quarter high, and about the same in width; somewhat conical or roundish-ovate. Skin, smooth and shining, at first of a fine dark green on the shaded side, and entirely covered with red, which is thickly marked with broken streaks of darker red on the side next the sun; but as it ripens, the shaded side changes to yellowish-green, and the exposed to crimson. Eye, open, set in a pretty deep basin. Stalk, very short, embedded in a shallow cavity. Flesh, white, tender, juicy, sweet, and pleasantly flavored, with a slight aroma.
A very good second-rate summer dessert apple; ripe in September.
This variety is very common in the Berkshire orchards.
Fruit, of medium size; oblato-conical. Skin, bright lemon yellow, thickly set with small embedded pearly specks. Eye, small, and placed in a shallow basin, surrounded with prominent plaits. Stalk, short and slender, not deeply inserted. Flesh, yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, and sugary, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor.
A dessert apple of good quality; in use from November to January.
This is one of our old English varieties. It is mentioned by Rea, in 1665, who calls it “a large gold yellow apple, of an excellent, quick, something sharp taste, and bears well.” It is also noticed by Ray as “Pomum delicatulum Cestriæ.”
Fruit, above medium size, three inches wide, and two inches and a half high; roundish and flattened, with irregular and prominent angles on the sides. Skin, dull waxen yellow, strewed all over with minute russety dots, which are larger on the side exposed to the sun. Eye, open, set in a plaited basin. Stalk, rather deeply inserted in a round cavity, from which issue ramifications of russet. Flesh, yellow, crisp, very juicy, brisk, sugary, and perfumed.
A very excellent apple; of first-rate quality as a culinary fruit, and suitable also for the dessert. It is in use from October to February.
The tree is quite hardy, and an excellent bearer.
Fruit, rather below medium size; oblate, and sometimes a little angular in its outline. Skin, smooth and shining, entirely covered with deep purplish red, except where it is shaded by a leaf or twig, and then it is of a delicate pale green, presenting a clear and well-defined outline of the object which shades it. Eye, quite closed, with very long tomentose segments, and placed in an undulating and shallow basin, which is sometimes knobbed, and generally lined with thick tomentum. Stalk, about three quarters of an inch long, fleshy at the insertion, deeply set in a round and funnel-shaped cavity. Flesh, white tinged with green, crisp, brisk, and very juicy, with a rich vinous, and refreshing flavor.
A very valuable and first-rate dessert apple. It ripens on the tree the first week in August, and lasts till the end of September. It is one of the earliest summer dessert apples, and at that season, is particularly relished, for its fine, cooling, and refreshing, vinous juice.
The tree attains a considerable size, it is particularly hardy, and a most prolific bearer. It succeeds well in almost every soil and situation, and is admirably adapted for orchard planting. In almost every latitude of Great Britain, from Devonshire to the Moray Frith, I have observed it in perfect health and luxuriance, producing an abundance of well ripened fruit, which, though not so large, nor so early in the northern parts, still possessing the same richness of flavor as in the south.
This is supposed to be a very old variety, but there is no record of it previous to 1693, when it is mentioned by Ray; and except by Mortimer, it is not noticed by any subsequent writer till within a very recent period. It seems to have been unknown to Switzer, Langley, and Miller; nor do I find that it was grown in any of the London nurseries before the beginning of the present century. The only early catalogue in which I find it is that of Miller and Sweet, of Bristol, in 1790.
Fruit, medium sized; conical, more long than broad, eight or nine inches in circumference, a little angular on the sides. Eye, small, in a rather wide and oblique basin. Stalk, half an inch long, deeply inserted. Skin, yellowish-green, with several redish spots; on the sunny side of a fine clear red. Flesh, white. Juice sweet, with a slight aromatic flavor.
Ripe in August and beginning of September.
The branches of this tree droop in the manner of a Jargonelle Pear. It is an abundant bearer and deserves cultivation.
The original tree which is a large one, was raised by the late Dr. Helsham, and is now growing in the garden of Mr. Etheredge, of Stoke Ferry, in Norfolk.—Lindley.
I have never met with this variety, but as Mr. Lindley recommends it as worthy of cultivation, and as it may be better known in Norfolk than elsewhere, I am induced to insert here with Mr. Lindley’s own description.
Fruit, medium sized; roundish, narrowing towards the apex. Skin, green, almost entirely covered with thin delicate russet, tinged with brownish red next the sun. Eye, small and closed, set in a narrow and rather deep basin. Stalk, short, and deeply inserted. Flesh, yellow, tender, crisp, juicy, sugary, and finely flavored.
A dessert apple in use from October to January.
This variety was raised by Stephen Dowell, Esq., of Braygrove, Berkshire, from a pip of the Ribston Pippin, to which it bears a close resemblance both in shape and flavor.
Fruit, small, two inches broad, and an inch and three quarters high; somewhat cylindrical, and flattened at the ends, bearing a resemblance to the Golden Pippin. Skin, smooth, of a fine lemon yellow color, and with a slight tinge of red next the sun, marked with a few traces of delicate russet, and strewed with numerous pale brown dots. Eye, large and quite open, with long, flat, acuminate segments, set in a wide, flat, and shallow basin. Stalk, slender, half-an-inch long, and inserted in a shallow cavity which is lined with delicate russet. Flesh, yellowish white, delicate, firm, crisp, and juicy, with a rich, brisk, vinous and somewhat aromatic flavor.
A dessert apple of first-rate quality, resembling the Golden Pippin both in size, shape, and color, as well as flavor. It is in use from November to January.
The tree is a strong, healthy, and vigorous grower, a most abundant bearer, and attains about the middle size. It may be grown as an open dwarf, and is well suited for espaliers. The fruit is also valuable for the cider it produces, the specific gravity of the juice being 1080.
This excellent variety was raised by Thomas Andrew Knight, Esq., of Downton Castle, from the seed of the Isle of Wight Orange Pippin, impregnated with the pollen of the Golden Pippin, and the original tree is still in existence at Wormsley Grange, Herefordshire.
Fruit, large, three inches and a quarter broad, and two inches and three quarters high; roundish, sometimes inclining to cylindrical, or rather oblato-cylindrical. Skin, smooth and shining, of a fine pale yellow color intermixed with a greenish tinge, which is disposed in faint stripes extending from the base to the apex, on the shaded side; but of a clearer, and deeper yellow on the side next the sun, the whole marked with patches of delicate, dark brown russet, and strewed with numerous russety dots; sometimes there is a faint tinge of red on the side next the sun. Eye, small and closed, with acuminate segments, which are covered with white tomentum, and set in a wide, deep, irregular and plaited basin. Stalk, very short, and somewhat fleshy, inserted in a wide, rather shallow, and smooth cavity. Flesh, yellowish-white, tender, crisp, and juicy, with a brisk, vinous, and sugary flavor.
A pretty good apple of second-rate quality, more suitable for culinary purposes than the dessert. It is in use from October to Christmas.
The tree is a healthy and free grower, attaining about the middle size, and is a free and early bearer, being generally well set with fruit buds. It requires a rich soil and warm situation.
There is another apple totally different from this to which the name of Drap d’Or is applied.—See Fenouillet Jaune.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and three quarters wide, and two inches and a quarter high; oblato-cylindrical, with obtuse angles on the sides. Skin, yellow, covered with large patches and reticulations of thin brown russet, which is strewed with rougher russety freckles, and tinged with orange and a few streaks of red next the sun. Eye, rather large, with long acuminate segments, which almost close it; and set in a wide, angular, and pretty deep basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a narrow, angular and smooth cavity, which is tinged with green. Flesh, yellowish, firm, brisk, juicy, sugary, and richly flavored.
An excellent apple for culinary purposes, and even worthy of the dessert. It is in use from December to March.
This, with the following variety, was either raised or first brought into notice, by a Mr. William Dredge, of Wishford, near Salisbury. In a letter dated November, 1802, which is in my possession, he writes to the late Mr. Forsyth with specimens of these varieties, and of this he says, “not in eating till Easter, great bearer, most excellent flavor.”
The tree is a free grower, attaining about the middle size, and is an excellent bearer.
Fruit, above medium size; roundish, inclining to ovate, and furrowed round the eye. Skin, dull dingy yellow, with a tinge of green, covered with patches of thin russet, and large russety dots, particularly over the base; and mottled with pale red on the side exposed to the sun. Eye, closed, set in a deep and angular basin. Stalk, about three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a deep cavity which is lined with russet. Flesh, greenish-yellow, firm, crisp, juicy, brisk, and sugary, with a rich aromatic flavor.
This is a valuable and very excellent apple, suitable either for dessert use, or culinary purposes. It is in use from December to March. In his letter to Mr. Forsyth, referred to above, Mr. Dredge says, “This is the best apple yet known; in eating from Easter till Midsummer—most excellent.”
The tree is hardy, a vigorous grower, an early and abundant bearer, but according to Rogers, liable to be attacked by the woolly aphis; still I have never found it more susceptible of that disease than most other varieties.
There are several other varieties mentioned by Forsyth as seedlings of Dredge’s, which I have not met with, as Dredge’s Queen Charlotte, Dredge’s Russet, and Dredge’s Seedling. I have also in my collection, Dredge’s Emperor and Lord Nelson, both of which are grown in the West of England, but I have not yet had an opportunity of seeing the fruit. It is, however, a question whether these are really seedlings of Dredge’s or not; there are several varieties to which he affixed his name, which have been ascertained to be identical with others that existed before him, such as Dredge’s White Lily, which is synonymous with Devonshire Buckland, and Dredge’s Beauty of Wilts, which is the same as Harvey’s Pippin. Such instances tend to weaken our faith in the high encomium passed upon him, by Rogers, of Southampton, in the “Fruit Cultivator,” and induce us to class him with those who not only change the name of some varieties, and append their own to others under the pretence of their being new, and seedlings of their own, but dispose of them at greater prices than they could have procured, had they been sold under their correct names. We have but to glance over the Horticultural Society’s Catalogue, or the Index to this work, to find numerous instances confirmatory of this statement.
Fruit, large, about three inches and a quarter wide, and two inches and a half high; round, and sometimes prominently ribbed on the sides and round the eye. Skin, smooth, greenish-yellow on the shaded side, and streaked with broken patches of fine bright red, on the side next the sun, sometimes assuming a beautiful dark crimson cheek; it is covered all over with numerous russety dots, particularly round the eye, where they are large, dark, and rough. Eye, large and closed, with long broad segments, placed in a deep and angular basin. Stalk, long and slender, deeply inserted in a narrow and angular cavity. Flesh, yellowish-white, firm, crisp, and very juicy, with a pleasant, brisk, and refreshing flavor.
An excellent early dessert apple of the first quality; ripe in the middle of August, and continues in use till the end of September.
The tree is hardy, a free grower, and an excellent bearer.
This variety is of Russian origin.
Fruit, medium sized; conical, and angular on the sides. Skin, green, strewed with freckles of russet; and streaked with red on the side exposed to the sun. Eye, set in a deep and angular basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh, greenish-white, crisp, and tender, very juicy, and sub-acid.
A culinary apple of second-rate quality; in use from October to Christmas.
Fruit, large; roundish and flattened. Skin, pale yellow, strewed with minute russety dots, and greenish embedded specks under the surface and with a tinge of pale red on the side next the sun, which is sometimes almost entirely covered with a bright red cheek. Eye, large and open, with broad, reflexed, acuminate segments, set in an irregular, uneven, and pretty deep basin. Stalk, half-an-inch long, deeply inserted in a narrow, and funnel-shaped cavity, which is lined with russet. Flesh, yellowish-white, firm, crisp, brisk, and very juicy, with a slight aromatic flavor.
One of the most valuable culinary apples; it is in use from November to March.
The tree is one of the strongest, and most vigorous growers, very hardy, and an excellent bearer. The young shoots which are long and stout, are thickly covered with large greyish white dots, which readily distinguish this variety from almost every other.
This excellent apple was raised by a person of the name of Dumeller, (pronounced Dumelow), a farmer at Shakerstone, a village in Leicestershire, six miles from Ashby-de-la-Zouch, and is extensively cultivated in that, and the adjoining counties under the names of Dumelow’s Crab. It was first introduced to the neighbourhood of London, by Mr. Richard Williams, of the Turnham Green Nursery, who received it from Gopsal Hall, the seat of Earl Howe, and presented specimens of the fruit to the Horticultural Society in 1820. It was with him that the name of Wellington Apple originated, and by which only it is now known in the London markets.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and three quarters broad, and two inches and a half high; conical, with ribs on the sides which terminate in irregular and unequal knobs round the eye. Skin, pale yellow in the shade; but deep orange finely veined with rich deep crimson next the sun. Eye, partially closed with short, broad segments, and set in a deep, irregular, and prominently angular basin. Stalk, very short, set in a round cavity. Flesh, yellowish-white, crisp, juicy, and pleasantly acid.
A handsome, showy, and very good culinary apple; in use from November to January.
Fruit, very large, four inches wide, and three inches and a half high; roundish, inclining to oblong, irregularly and prominently ribbed. Skin, pale green at first, but changing to pale yellow, with a faint tinge of red next the sun. Eye, small, and deeply inserted in a narrow and angular basin. Stalk, short and thick, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh, white, firm, somewhat sugary, and pleasantly sub-acid.
An excellent culinary apple of first-rate quality; in use during August and September.
The tree is healthy and vigorous, and a good bearer.
According to Lindley this variety is sometimes called Glory of the West, but that is quite a different apple, see No. 141.
Fruit, medium sized; roundish, even and handsomely shaped, narrowing a little towards the apex, where it is sometimes slightly ribbed. Skin, dull greenish-yellow, marked all over with broken streaks of pale red and crimson, with traces of russet, and numerous russety dots, which are thickest round the eye. Eye, small and closed, with short and pointed segments, placed in a deep and narrow basin. Stalk, an inch long, inserted in a round and deep cavity, which, with a portion of the base, is lined with rough russet. Flesh, yellow, firm, crisp, very juicy, rich, sugary, and aromatic.
A very valuable and delicious dessert apple; in use from December to April.
The tree is hardy, a vigorous grower, and a very abundant bearer. It attains about the middle size when fully grown. The shoots are thickly set with fruit spurs. It is well adapted for dwarf or espalier training, and for these purposes succeeds well on the paradise stock.