3080.  H.N. xxxiii. 154 ff.: see below, p. 489.

3081.  Vases ornés de la Gaule Romaine, i. p. 190 ff.

3082.  The term is applied to clay suited to receive stamps (sigilla) or impressions.

3083.  Déchelette, Vases ornés de la Gaule Romaine, ii. p. 335.

3084.  Ibid. i. p. 41 ff.

3085.  Der Stil, ii. p. 148.

3086.  Bonner Jahrbücher, xcvi. p. 20.

3087.  In the case of fragment No. 3 the clay and lime could not be differentiated.

3088.  In the case of fragments 2 and 5 no definite general result was obtained.

3089.  Brongniart, Traité, i. p. 421; Blümner, Technologie, ii. p. 91. See also Handbook to Collection of Pottery in the Museum of Practical Geology, 1893, p. 65, for an analysis made on a fragment of glazed red ware by Dr. Percy:

3090.  Storia degli ant. vast aretini, p. 65.

3091.  Ueber die rothe Topferwaare, p. 16.

3092.  Brongniart, Traité, i. p. 423; Déchelette, ii. p. 339.

3093.  Blümner, Technol. ii. p. 91.

3094.  Op. cit. i. p. 381: cf. Blümner, ii. p. 64.

3095.  Roman Art in Cirencester, p. 77.

3096.  Plaut. Epid. iii. 2, 35; Pliny, H.N. vii. 198.

3097.  Art. Poet. 21.

3098.  Sat. ii. 7, 86.

3099.  ii. 3, 48.

3100.  Capt. ii. 3, 9; Persius, iii. 23; Avianus, Fab. 41, 9.

3101.  Shakespeare, 1 Henry VI., Act 1, scene 5, line 19.

3102.  Smith, Dict. of Antiqs.^[3312] i. p. 844: see below, p. 480; also Vol. I. p. 207.

3103.  Vases ornés, ii. p. 338.

3104.  See Brongniart, Traité, i. p. 423 ff.; Blümner, Technol. ii. p. 106; Von Hefner, in Oberbayr. Archiv für vaterl. Gesch. xxii. (1863), pp. 23, 35; and Röm. Mitth. 1897, p. 286.

3105.  See Fabroni, Storia degli vasi aretini, pl. 5, fig. 4.

3106.  Handbook to Mus. (1891), p. 111.

3107.  Brongniart and Riocreux, Mus. de Sèvres, pp. 16, 128. For Cerialis see p. 536 and C.I.L. xiii. 10010, 544; for Cobnertus, ibid. 592, and Déchelette, i. p. 179.

3108.  Oberbayr. Archiv für vaterl. Gesch. xxii. (1863), pp. 23, 24.

3109.  Blümner, Technologie, ii. p. 104, fig. 21; Brit. Arch. Assoc. Journ. iv. p. 19. Déchelette states that about fifty in all are known (op. cit. i. p. 337).

3110.  Brongniart, Traité, i. p. 424, pl. 30; Mus. de Sèvres, p. 128, and pl. 9, fig. 8.

3111.  Oberbayr. Archiv, 1863, p. 24.

3112.  Examples of this technique often occur in Gaul and Britain: see Déchelette, ii. p. 169 ff., and cf. Roach-Smith, Ill. Rom. Lond. p. 91, and a fine vase from Felixstowe in the British Museum. See also Plate LXIX. fig. 2, and p. 529.

3113.  See below, p. 530, and Déchelette, ii. p. 235 ff.

3114.  Blümner, Technol. ii. p. 112.

3115.  E.g. Blümner, Technol. ii. pp. 106, 107, figs. 22, 23.

3116.  Gaz. Arch. 1881-82, p. 17; Brongniart, Traité, pl. 30, figs. 2-4: see also Déchelette, i. p. 141 ff., and below, p. 525 ff.

3117.  Cf. Déchelette in Revue des Études Anciens, v. (1903), p. 42.

3118.  Blümner, ii. p. 110, fig. 25: cf. Von Hefner in Oberbayr. Archiv, 1863, p. 56; Fabroni, Storia degli antichi vasi aretini, pls. 3, 5, p. 63.

3119.  Blümner, ii. p. 111; Daremberg and Saglio, ii. art. Figlinum, p. 1130.

3120.  Cf. von Hefner in Oberbayr. Archiv für vaterl. Gesch. xxii. (1863), p. 55.

3121.  Vases ornés, ii. p. 312.

3122.  Mau-Kelsey, Pompeii, p. 386; Bull. dell’ Inst. 1875. p. 192; Mon. Antichi, i. pl. 8, 7, p. 282.

3123.  Oberbayr. Archiv für vaterl. Gesch. xxii. (1863), p. 56 ff.: see also Blümner, ii. p. 23 ff., and Daremberg and Saglio, ii. art. Figlinum.

3124.  Bullet. Arch. 1898, p. 18 ff., and Mélanges Gallo-romaines, ii. (1902), p. 93 ff.

3125.  Brongniart, i. p. 439.

3126.  Rev. Arch. xviii. (1868), pl. 23, p. 297.

3127.  See for a full account of the last-named Von Hefner in op. cit. p. 8 ff., p. 56, pl. 4.

3128.  See Ann. dell’ Inst. 1882, pl. U, to which the letters in the cut refer. Other kilns found at Heddernheim are described in Westdeutsche Zeitschrift, xviii. (1899), p. 215 ff.

3129.  See Haverfield in Victoria County Hist. of Northants, i. pp. 167, 207 ff.

3130.  Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc. i. p. 1 ff., ii. p. 164: see also Wright, Celt, Roman, and Saxon¹, p. 264 ff.; Roach-Smith, Coll. Antiq. iv. p. 81, vi. p. 181 ff.

3131.  No. 958, fol. 105; reproduced by Roach-Smith, Collect. Antiq. vi. pl. 37, fig. 4, and Ill. Rom. Lond. p. 79; Proc. Soc. Antiqs. 2nd Ser. xvi. p. 42.

3132.  Proc. Soc. Antiqs. xvii. 1898, p. 262.

3133.  Ibid. xvi. (1895), p. 40.

3134.  Vict. County Hist. of Norfolk, i. p. 291, fig. 7: see below, p. 449.

3135.  Op. cit. i. p. 314.

3136.  Ibid. p. 322.

3137.  Archaeologia, xxxv. p. 91; Vict. County Hist. of Hants, i. p. 326.

3138.  Roach-Smith, Collect. Antiq. vi. p. 191 ff.; Vict. County Hist. of Hants, i. p. 306.

3139.  Roach-Smith, op. cit. ii. p. 38; vii. p. 1 ff., pls. 1-3.

3140.  Wright, Celt, Roman, and Saxon¹, p. 264 ff., and Haverfield in Vict. County Hist. of Northants, give the most satisfactory epitomes of Artis’ descriptions.

3141.  Cato, Agricult. 38.

3142.  Cf. Von Hefner, op. cit. pl. 4, 28-31: see also Arch. Journ. vii. p. 176, and an example from Switzerland in the British Museum (Romano-British Collection).

3143.  See also Déchelette, ii. p. 341.

3144.  See Haverfield in Vict. County Hist. of Northants, i. p. 207.

3145.  Traité, i. p. 426.

3146.  Vict. County Hist. of Northants, i. p. 209.

3147.  See Haverfield, op. cit. p. 210, fig. 31.

3148.  Haverfield, ibid.; Handbook of Pottery in Mus. of Pract. Geol. 1893, p. 71.

3149.  Archaeologia, xxii. pl. 36, p. 413; Vict. County Hist. i. p. 291.

3150.  See Brongniart, Traité, i. p. 428, pl. 1; Artis, Durobrivae, pl. 27, figs. 3 and 6; Daremberg and Saglio s.v. Fornax, figs. 3201-02.

3151.  Brongniart, i. p. 429.

3152.  Von Hefner in Oberbayr. Archiv (1863), p. 58.

3153.  Cf. Tibull. i. 1, 38:

3154.  Sat. ii. 60.

3155.  Sat. vi. 342.

3156.  Sat. iii. 168.

3157.  Florus, i. 18, 22.

3158.  Pliny, H.N. xxxiii. 142.

3159.  Ep. 95, 72.

3160.  Apud Athen. vi. 229 D. He uses the curious expression, κέραμος ἀργυροῦς, which, as in the use of the word κέραμος for marble tiles (Vol. I. p. 100), implies the antiquity of the use of fictile ware. See the next note.

3161.  vi. 229 C, where the use of κέραμος or dinner-service is discussed.

3162.  iv. 72, 131: cf. Mart. xiii. 81.

3163.  Suet. Vit. Vitell. 13 (clypeum Minervae, αἰγίδα πολιούχου).

3164.  Pliny, H.N. xxxv. 164.

3165.  Ibid. 163.

3166.  iv. 88.

3167.  Capt. ii. 2, 41.

3168.  Virg. Georg. ii. 351.

3169.  Orelli, Inser. 4544; Gruter 607, 1; and see C.I.L. i. p 209.

3170.  See above, p. 351; and cf. Archaeologia, xxv. p. 1 ff.

3171.  C.I.L. vii. 1335, 1. The vase is now at Clare College, Cambridge.

3172.  H.N. xxxv. 160 (fictilibus soliis).

3173.  Arch. Journ. x. (1853), p. 230.

3174.  Archaeologia, xiv. pl. 6, p. 37 (in B.M.).

3175.  Arch. Journ., loc. cit.

3176.  Ill. Rom. Lond. p. 88, and see p. 550.

3177.  v. 5, 8.

3178.  Quaest. Nat. vi. 19: cf. Arist. Probl. xi. 8, and Pliny, H.N. xi. 270, doliis inanibus.

3179.  Krause, Angeiologie, pp. 126, 463.

3180.  See Middleton, Remains of Ancient Rome, ii. p. 56.

3181.  Middleton, loc. cit.

3182.  Nissen, Pompeian. Studien, p. 64.

3183.  Nissen, ibid.

3184.  See Yorks. Arch. Journ. iii. p. 1 ff., xv. p. 303; Trans. Roy. Inst. of Brit. Architects, 1881-2, p. 65 ff.; Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc. xxxv. p. 95, xxxviii. p. 218.

3185.  xii. 18.

3186.  Brongniart, Traité, i. p. 407 ff.

3187.  ix. 58.

3188.  Bull. Arch. Nap. N.S. vii. 1859, p. 84; C.I.L. x. 8047, 10, 18.

3189.  Capitolinus, Vit. Anton. Pii, 3.

3190.  Varro ap. Non. p. 26; Paul, ex Fest. p. 46 (Müller).

3191.  Columella, xii. 28, 1; Plaut. Capt. iv. 4, 9 (“preserve-jar”).

3192.  Isid. Etym. xx. 6.

3193.  Agricult. 39.

3194.  H.N. xviii. 236.

3195.  Bull. dell’ Inst. 1846, p. 34.

3196.  Marini, Inscr. Ant. Doliari, p. 406, No. 2.

3197.  Marini, No. 4.

3198.  See Fig. 22, Vol. I. p. 154.

3199.  Formen der röm. Thongef. p. 16, pls. 1-8.

3200.  Cf. Koenen, Gefässkunde, pls. 10-12.

3201.  Od. i. 9, 7.

3202.  Pliny, H.N. xiv. 135.

3203.  Cf. Jahn, Wandgem. d. Villa Pamph. pl. 5, p. 42.

3204.  See Hultsch, Metrologie, p. 113.

3205.  Recueil, p. 46.

3206.  Roach-Smith, Ill. Rom. Lond. p. 87; Collect. Antiq. ii. p. 26.

3207.  General reference may be made to the various volumes of the Latin Corpus, under the headings Instrumentum Domesticum, sub-heading Vascula, e.g. vii. 1331 for those found in Britain; for examples from Spain see Arch. Journ. lvi. p. 299.

3208.  C.I.L. vii. 1331, 22, xiii. 10005, 25; Steiner, Cod. Inscr. Rom. Danubii et Rheni, ii. pp. 271, 287; and see generally C.I.L. xiii. part 3, No. 10002.

3209.  C.I.L. vii. 1331, 6, 13.

3210.  C.I.L. x. 8056, 260.

3211.  Ibid. iv. 2555.

3212.  Ibid. vii. 1332, 1.

3213.  Ibid. viii. 10477, 1.

3214.  Ibid. iv. 2552.

3215.  See Vol. I. p. 158.

3216.  C.I.L. x. 8055, 11; iv. 2584, 2616: cf. Vol. I. p. 158.

3217.  C.I.L. iv. 2603: cf. Pliny, H.N. xiv. 75.

3218.  C.I.L. iv. 2555.

3219.  Ibid. 2625.

3220.  Ibid. 2589-94, 2575 ff. On inscribed amphorae from Pompeii see also Mau-Kelsey, Pompeii, p. 505.

3221.  Doni, p. lxxxvi. Found on the Aventine, now in the Museo Kircheriano.

3222.  Ber. d. sächs. Gesellsch. 1857, p. 199.

3223.  C.I.L. xv. pt. 2, No. 4719.

3224.  Ibid. iv. 2584.

3225.  Poen. iv. 2, 14: literatas fictiles epistolas; the double play on the words cannot be expressed in English.

3226.  Rud. ii. 5, 21.

3227.  v. 33.

3228.  Cf. also Plaut. Amph. i. 1, 273; Virg. Aen. i. 195 (for the wine of Acestes).

3229.  Od. iv. 11, 2; 12, 17.