[844] Histriones—habebunt unum Taurum de Priore de Tutebury, Inspex. temp. Hen. VI. Dugdale's Monast. vol. ii. p. 355.
[845] Dr. Plott.—In his natural history of this county the reader will find a full account of the services, &c. performed by the minstrels upon this day, pp. 437, 438, 439.
[847] "Jeu de Taureau."
[848] Whence he derives this sport; to which however it bears but little analogy. See Mr. Pegge's dissertation upon bull-baiting. Archæologia, vol. ii.
[849] Collect. of Old Ballads, pub. London, 1723.
[850] Philos. Transact. vol. xix. p. 591.
[851] For a full explanation of the manner of cock-fighting among the ancient Greeks and Romans, see a memoir upon that subject by the late Rev. Mr. Pegge, Archæologia, vol. iii. p. 132.
[852] Description of London; temp. Hen. II.
[853] Survey of London, p. 76.
[854] Bourne's Antiq. Vulgares by Brand, p. 233.
[855] Stow's Survey of London, p. 496.
[856] Mons. de la Boderie's Letters, vol. i. p. 56.
[857] MS. Harl. 6395, written in the reign of James I., and bearing this title: "Merry Passages and Jeasts."
[858] Rev. Mr. Pegge, in his memoir on cock-fighting, Archæol. vol. iii. p. 132.
[859] Anatomy of Melancholy, published A. D. 1660.
[860] Canterbury Tales.
[861] Published at London, 1750.
[862] Hall, in the life of that monarch.
[863] A. D. 1604, in the second year of the reign of James I. Treatise on College and Schools in and about London, printed 1615.
[864] Some time ago the spinnet was a favourite instrument among the ladies; afterwards the guitar; and now the harpsichord, or forte-piano.
[866] At Braintree fair in Essex. Hist. Eng. Poet. vol. iii. p. 292. This was a century and a half back, when twenty shillings was a considerable sum. The ancient ballade have frequently this colophon: "Printed by A. B. and are to be sold at the stalls of the ballad-singers." But an ordinance published by Oliver Cromwell against the strolling fiddlers, silenced the ballad-singers, and obliged the sellers to shut up shop. Hawkins, Hist. Music, vol. iv. p. 113.
[867] Edward Ward, author of the London Spy, part xi. p. 255.
[868] The barbers formerly were often musicians, and usually kept a lute, a viol, or some other musical instrument, in their shops, to amuse their customers while waiting; at present, the newspaper is substituted for the instrument of music.
[869] Vol. i. p. 12.
[870] Hist. Music, vol. v. p. 352.
[871] Vol. v. No. 383.
[872] Or entertainment of music in the open air.
[873] Hist. of Music, vol. v. pp. 352, 353.
[874] It is said to be written by T. G. doctor in physic, and was published A. D. 1684.
[875] A. D. 1683.
[876] Hawkins, ut supra.
[877] [About 1770.]
[878] See the Introduction.
[879] Hawkins's Hist. of Music, vol. iv. p. 211.
[880] A city of Campania—about the year 400.
[881] Hist. Abat. Croyland. Ingulphus died 1109.
[882] See Chauncy's Hist. of Hertfordshire, p. 383.
[883] [In 1800.]
[884] No. 20. B. xi.
[885] Vol. v. No. 570.
[886] Ibid.
[887] Garrick's Col. old plays, G. vol. ii.
[888] Book iii. chap. v. p. 207.
[889] See the Introduction.
[890] Caligula, A 2. fol. 53.
[891] Polite, courteous.
[892] Rym. Fœd. tom. vii. p. 160. col. 2.
[893] Hist. Music, vol. iii. p. 383.
[894] Hist. Angl.
[895] Itinerary.
[896] Garrick's Col. I, vol. iii.
[897] That is, learning they esteem not.
[898] First printed by Pynson, A. D. 1508.
[899] Stow died A. D. 1605, aged 80. Survey of London, by Strype, vol. i. p. 251.
[900] A Woman Killed with Kindness. Trag. by Thomas Heywood, 3d edit. A. D. 1617, Garrick's Collect. E. vol. iv.
[901] See the Introduction.
[902] No. 264.
[903] House of Fame, book iii.
[904] See note 1, above.
[905] Vol. i. No. 76.
[906] See the Introduction.
[907] MS. Harl. 6391.
[909] By stat. 30 Geo. II.
[910] The first occurs in Chaucer; the second in the vocabulary called Orbis Sensualium Pictus, as translated by Hoole, chap. cxxxvi. In Latin it is called Oscillum, and thus described by an old author; Oscillum est genus ludi, &c. In English to this effect; Oscillum is a sort of game played with a rope depending from a beam, in which a boy or a girl being seated, is driven backwards and forwards. Speght's Glossary to Chaucer.
[911] Vol. viii. No. 496; and again No. 492 in the same volume.
[912] Eustatius ad Iliad. G.
[913] Harl. MS. 6391.
[914] Palamed. de Alea. lib. i. cap. 18.
[915] Isidorus Originum, lib. xviii. cap. 60.
[916] Lib. i.
[917] See the Introduction.
[918] De Nug. Curialium, lib. i. cap. 5.
[919] Orderic. Vital, p. 550.
[920] Orbis Sensualium Pictus, translated by Hoole, p. 658.
[921] In Latin, Pyrgus, Turricula, et Frittillus.
[922] "Nec ludant ad aleas vel taxillos." Decret. Concil. Vigorn. A. D. 1240, directed to the clergy.
[923] No. 6395, Art. 69.
[924] "As false as dicers' oaths," is a proverbial expression, and used by Shakspeare in Hamlet, act iii. scene 4.
[925] An. 5 Ed. VI. A. D. 1551, Holinshed, vol. iii. p. 1062.
[926] Palamed. de Aleatoribus, cap. 18.
[927] Lepistre Othea, MS. "Ulixes fu un baron de Grece de grant soubtillete, et en temps du siege de Troye il trouva le gieu des esches," &c. Ulysses was a baron of Greece, exceedingly wise, and during the siege of Troy invented the game of chess. Harl. Lib. 4431.
[928] Ency. Brit. word Chess.
[929] No. 1275.
[930] Dream of Love.
[931] Encyclop. Françoise, in voce Echecs.
[932] See the Introduction.
[933] See Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy.
[934] Collect. vol. i. p. 264.
[935] Ibid.
[936] Ency. Brit. word Chess.
[937] No. 4431.
[938] In Chaucer's Dream this piece is called fers and feers.
[939] 13 A. xviii.
[940] And revived by Claud. Bruxer and others, A. D. 1514. Burton's Descrip. of Leicestershire, under Loughborough, p. 182.
[941] No. 451.
[942] [The white pieces above, No. 104, should be to the left, and be opposed by the blacks, No. 105, on the right; that is to say, were the engravings on the present page divided by the scissars, and placed as represented in Mr. Strutt's print, the round whites would be opposite to the round blacks.]
[943] The printed edition of Claud. Bruxer, who revived this play, in which no doubt it is fully explained, I have not seen. It is said to have been published by Hen. Stephanus, A. D. 1514.
[944] Part ii. sect. 2. mem. 4.
[945] Du Cange, Gloss. in voce Tabula.
[946] See the Introduction.
[947] No. 1527.
[948] No. 13, A. xviii.
[949] The whole passage runs thus: "Donne a Jacqemin Gringonneur, peintre, pour trois jeux de cartes, à or et à diverse couleurs de plusieurs devises, pour porter vers le dit Seigneur Roy pour son abatement, cinquante-six sol Parisis." St. Foix, Essais sur Paris, tom. i. p. 341.
[950] Chronic. de Petit Jean de Saintre, cap. 15.
[951] Bullet, p. 18. See also Mr. Gough on Card-playing, Archæologia, vol. viii. p. 152 et seq.
[952] See the hon. Daines Barrington on Card-playing, Archæologia, vol. viii. p. 135 et seq.
[953] Heineken, Idée générale d'une Collection des Estampes, pp. 237, 249.
[954] "Waltero Sturton, ad opus Regis, ad ludendum ad quatuor reges," viii s. v d Anstis, History of the Garter.
[955] Warton says it seems probable that the Arabians were the inventors of cards, which they communicated to the Constantinopolitan Greeks. Hist. Eng. Poetry, vol. ii. p. 316. Indeed it is very likely they were brought into the western parts of Europe during the crusades.
[956] Henry's Hist. Brit. vol. v. book v. cap. vii.
[957] And hence originated the noble and beneficial art of printing. These printing blocks are traced back to the year 1423, and probably were produced at a much earlier period. Idée générale d'une Collect. des Estampes, ut sup.
[958] An old Scotch poem, cited by Warton, speaks of cards and dice as fashionable amusements, but of evil tendency. Hist. Poet. vol. ii. p. 316.
[959] Extract from a MS. in the Remembrancer's Office, dated December 26, an. 9 Hen. VII.
[960] Addit. to Leland's Collect. vol. iii. p. 285.
[961] Sir Will. Forrest. See Warton's Hist. Poet. vol. iii. sect. 36, p. 311.
[962] The same statute forbade any householder to permit card-playing in his house under the penalty of six shillings and eight pence for every offence. Stat. an. 11 Hen. VII. cap. 2.
[963] Stow's Survey. By points he means narrow ribbons with which one part of the dress was attached to the other.
[964] Especially Stephen Gosson, in his School of Abuse, printed A. D 1579; and John Northbrooke, in a Treatise against Diceing, Card-playing, Dancing, &c. without date, but apparently published soon after the former.
[965] Cap. ix.
[966] Cap. xix.
[967] No. 17, D. iij.
[968] Black letter, without date, printed by Wynkyn de Worde. Garrick's Collection of Old Plays.
[969] [In 1800.]
[970] Vol. vii. p. 152 et seq.
[971] Garrick's Collect. vol. i. 18.
[972] Hon. Daines Barrington on Card-playing, Archæologia, vol. viii.
[973] This play is said to have been first acted A. D. 1561; the edition I quote from is dated 1575.
[974] Written by Jonson, Chapman, and Marlow, and printed A. D. 1605.
[975] Called also post and pair.
[976] Called Saint Lodam by Mr. Barrington, I know not upon what authority, Archæologia, ut supra.
[977] Perhaps the same with bankafalet mentioned in the Complete Gamester.
[978] See also Mr. Barrington, ut supra.
[979] Bullet, Recherches Hist. sur Cartes à jouer, p. 152.
[980] Perhaps this may be the same as the game called Ace of Hearts, prohibited with all lotteries by cards and dice, an. 12 Geo. II. cap. 38, sect. 2.
[981] Vol. v. No. 323.
[982] See Des Lust und Spiel Hauses, published at Bude 1680.
[983] Antiq. Repert. vol. ii. p. 58.
[984] See Introduction.
[985] Polydore Vergil de Rerum Invent. lib. v. cap. 2.
[986] An. 4 Hen. VII. A. D. 1489.
[987] Collect. vol. iii. Append. p. 256.
[988] See Warton's Hist. Eng. Poetry, vol. i. p. 381.
[989] Chron. of Brit. vol. iii. fol 1317.
[990] Survey of London, p. 79.
[991] Anatomie of Abuses, printed A. D. 1595.
[992] Childish, trifling.
[993] Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales, fol. 247.
[994] By Blomfield, vol. ii. p. 3.
[995] Before.
[996] Each.
[997] Bourne's Antiq. Vulg. chap. xvii.
[998] Cited by Mr. Brand, notes to Bourne, p. 205.
[999] Reges Fabis creantur.
[1000] In nomine Regis de Fabâ. MS. Cott. Nero, C. viii.
[1001] Table Talk, London, 1689, title Christmas.
[1002] Circular Letter addressed to the Clergy of France, by P. de Blois, published in 1444.