1 Japanese Studies in World War II, 7, 14th Area Army Opns Leyte, pp. 10–13, OCMH. ↑
2 Sixth Army Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 62. ↑
3 Rad, CINCSWPA to AGWAR, CM-IN 2966, 30 Nov 44. ↑
4 Sixth Army Opns Rpt, pp. 69–70. ↑
5 Sixth Army FO 36, 4 Dec 44. ↑
6 Rad, MacArthur to Halsey, Nimitz, and Krueger, CM-IN 29353, 29 Oct 44. General Krueger later wrote: “The 77th Division was actually taken away from me without my knowledge and I complained about it.” Ltr, Gen Krueger to Gen Ward, 13 Aug 51, OCMH. ↑
7 Rad, MacArthur to Nimitz, CM-IN 10478, 10 Nov 44. ↑
8 Rad, Nimitz to MacArthur, CM-IN 10683, 10 Nov 44. ↑
9 Rad, GHQ to Comdr Allied Naval Forces, CX 52239, 16 Nov 44, Sixth Army G-3 Jnl, 17 Nov 44. ↑
10 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 2. ↑
11 Memo, CofS XXIV Corps for G-3 XXIV Corps, 19 Nov 44, XXIV Corps G-3 Jnl, 23 Nov 44. ↑
12 XXIV Corps FO 33, 4 Dec 44. In a lecture delivered before the Command and General Staff College on 19 January 1951, General Bruce indicated that his previous study of the Civil War was helpful in planning for the 77th Division’s part in the operation: “May I suggest that you do not sell short the study of history. One does not parallel history, but the previous study of Jackson’s Valley Campaign in friendly territory influenced the mind OCMH.” ↑
13 Ltr, Gen Krueger to Gen Ward, 13 Aug 51, of the Division Commander in this campaign. ↑
14 77th Div FO 13, App. 4 to Annex Baker; Allied Geographical Sec, GHQ SWPA, Terrain Study 84, Leyte Province, 17 Aug 44; Allied Geographical Sec, GHQ SWPA, Special Rpt 55, Airfields, Landing Beaches and Roads—Samar, Leyte, and Dinagat Group, 10 Jul 44. ↑
15 Opn Plan Comdr Task Group 78.3, Attack Order Comphib Grp NINE, 5–44, 1 Dec 44. ↑
16 Fifth Air Force Fighter Cover Plan for Ormoc Bay Opn, 731.326, AAF Hist Archives. ↑
17 Ltr, Gen Bruce to Gen Ward, 16 Aug 51, OCMH. ↑
18 Opns Rpt, CTU 78.3.6 to COMINCH, Ser 0017, 22 Dec 44, Off Nav Rcds and Library. ↑
19 Opns Rpt, CTU 78.3.5 to COMINCH, 056–60/A163, Ser 0016, 22 Dec 44, Off Nav Rcds and Library. ↑
21 The Joint Army-Navy Assessment Committee, Japanese Naval and Merchants Shipping Losses During World War II by all Causes (Washington, 1947), p. 77. ↑
22 Hist of V Fighter Command, Ch. 4, pp. 62–63, AAF Hist Archives. ↑
23 77th Div FO 13, 4 Dec 44, Annexes 5 and 6. In each small landing craft there were thirty-six men—a platoon leader or sergeant, messenger, aid man, flame thrower and bazooka operators, a rifle squad, and a machine gun or mortar crew. The composition of the second wave was about the same. The third wave, consisting of LCI’s, included engineer and heavy weapons personnel, artillery units, and other troops and vehicles. The fourth wave consisted of LCI’s and the fifth wave of LSM’s. ↑
24 Opns Rpt, CTU 78.3.7 to COMINCH, no serial, 17 Dec 44, Off Nav Rcds and Library. ↑
25 Opns Rpt, CTU 78.3.5 to COMINCH, Ser 0016, Off Nav Rcds and Library. ↑
26 Sixth Army G-3 Jnl, 7 Dec 44. ↑
27 “By a coincidence, Commander W. W. Outerbridge, USN, the commanding officer of the O’Brien, which sank the Ward by gunfire, had been the commanding officer of the Ward at Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, when that vessel fired the first shot of the war in sinking a Japanese submarine attempting to enter Pearl Harbor, just three years previously to the day.” CINCPAC-CINCPOA Opns in the Pacific Ocean Areas During the Month of December 1944, Ser 002910, 25 Jun 45, p. 41, Off Nav Rcds and Library. ↑
28 Opns Rpts, CTU 78.3.5, Ser 0016, 22 Dec 44; CTU 78.3.3, Ser 082, 22 Dec 44. Both in Off Nav Rcds and Library. ↑
29 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 11. ↑
30 Study, Hq Army Ground Forces, 319.1/3 (POA), 16 May 45, in OPD 319.1 Sec. XII. ↑
31 The material in this subsection on Japanese planning is based on Japanese Studies in World War II, No. 11, 35th Army Opns, 1944–45, pp. 94–98, OCMH. ↑
32 305th Inf FO 1, 5 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 8 Dec 44. ↑
33 77th Div S-2 Recon Rpt for Leyte, p. 1. ↑
34 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 12; 305th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 1; 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 3. ↑
35 Msg, 307th Inf to CG 77th Div, 7 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 7 Dec 44. ↑
36 Msg, Lt Col Douglas C. Davis, Div Arty, to CG 77th Div, 7 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 7 Dec 44. ↑
38 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 3; Msg, S-2 307th Inf to 77th Div, 7 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 7 Dec 44. ↑
39 Msgs, 307th Inf to G-3 77th Div, 1055, 1215, 1445, 7 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 7 Dec 44. ↑
40 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 3; Msg, 307th Inf to G-2 77th Div, 7 Dec 44, 77th Div G-2 Jnl, 7 Dec 44. ↑
41 305th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 1. ↑
42 77th Div Arty Opns Rpt, pp. 2–3. ↑
43 Observers Rpt, 20 Dec 44, Col Paul L. Freeman, Operation in the Ormoc area, OPD 319.1 SWPA (20 Dec 44) Sec X. ↑
44 308th Bombardment Wing Fragmentary FO 341-C, 6 Dec 44, Sixth Army G-3 Jnl, 9 Dec 44. ↑
45 Msg, XXIV Corps to Sixth Army, 8 Dec 44, Sixth Army G-3 Jnl, 8 Dec 44. ↑
46 77th Div FO 14, 8 Dec 44. ↑
47 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, G-2 Sum 3, App. 2; Allied Geographical Sec, GHQ SWPA, Terrain Study 84, Leyte Province, 17 Aug 44, pp. 57, 60, 65. ↑
49 Msg, G-2 Observer to G-2 77th Div, 8 Dec 44, 77th Div G-2 Jnl, 8 Dec 44. ↑
50 Msg, 307th Inf to 77th Div, 8 Dec 44, 77th Div G-2 Jnl, 8 Dec 44. ↑
51 77th Div FO 15, 8 Dec 44. ↑
52 776th Amphib Tank Bn Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 18. ↑
53 77th Div Arty Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 3. ↑
54 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, pp. 3–4. ↑
55 Company A, 88th Chemical Bn, Jnl, 8 Dec 44. ↑
56 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, pp. 3–4. ↑
57 305th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, pp. 1–2. ↑
60 902d FA Bn Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 3. ↑
61 307th Inf Unit Jnl, 8 Dec 44. ↑
62 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 4. ↑
63 Msg, CG 77th Div to CG XXIV Corps, 9 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 9 Dec 44. ↑
64 77th Div Arty Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 3. ↑
65 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 4. ↑
66 Msg, G-3 77th Div to S-3 305th Inf, 9 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 9 Dec 44. ↑
67 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, pp. 14–15. ↑
68 306th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 6. ↑
69 77th Div Plan of Action for 10 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 9 Dec 44; 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, pp. 15–16. ↑
70 Allied Geographical Sec, GHQ SWPA, Terrain Study 84, Leyte Province, 17 Aug 44, pp. 10, 22, 60, 69. ↑
71 Observers Rpt, 20 Dec 44, Col Freeman, Operation in the Ormoc Area, OPD 319.1, SWPA (20 Dec 44) Sec X. ↑
73 902d FA Bn Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 4. ↑
74 Rad, CG Sixth Army to CTF 77, 9 Dec 44, Sixth Army G-3 Jnl, 9 Dec 44. ↑
75 776th Amphib Tank Bn Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 19. ↑
76 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 16; Msgs, 307th Inf to 77th Div, 1110, 1130, 10 Dec 44, 77th Div G-2 Jnl, 10 Dec 44. ↑
77 306th Inf Unit Jnl, 10 Dec 44. ↑
78 306th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 6. ↑
79 307th Inf Opns Rpt, p. 4. ↑
81 77th Div Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 16. ↑
82 307th Inf Opns Rpt Leyte, p. 4. ↑
83 Msg, CG 77th Div to CG XXIV Corps, 1400, 10 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 10 Dec 44. ↑
84 Msg, CG 77th Div to CG XXIV Corps, 1645, 10 Dec 44, 77th Div G-3 Jnl, 10 Dec 44. ↑
85 77th Div G-2 Summary Leyte Opns. ↑