[798] Med. Times and Gaz., 1871, i., p. 671, and 1876, i., p. 93.

[799] Med. Record, N. Y., 1882, xxii., p. 428.

[800] Ohio Med. Record, 1878, ii., pp. 350-352.

[801] Arch. Laryngol., N. Y., 1880, i., p. 144.

[802] Indian Med. Gaz., 1888, xxiii., p. 299.

[803] Archiv. anthrop. crim., Paris, 1886, i., p. 229.

[804] “Lehrbuch f. ger. Med.,” 5th ed., 1890-91.

[805] “Med. Jur.,” Am. Ed., 1892, p. 394.

[806] Aertz. Intel. Bl., 1876, xxiii., p. 324.

[807] Practitioner, 1870, iv., p. 193.

[808] Mitt. d. Wien med. Doct. Colleg., 1878, iv., pp. 97-112.

[809] Centralb. f. med. Wiss., 1875, xiii., p. 403.

[810] Arch. gen. de Med., 1856, vii., p. 310.

[811] Archiv. anthrop. crim., Paris, 1886, i., p. 229.

[812] Bull. Acad. Roy. Med., 1893, vii., pp. 331-342.

[813] Lyon thesis, 1883, No. 188.

[814] Paris thesis, 1879, No. 172. p. 39.

[815] “Forensic Med.,” Appendix, p. 561.

[816] “Med. Jur.,” Am. Ed., 1892, p. 394.

[817] Tidy, op. cit., p. 240.

[818] Tardieu, “Pendaison,” 1870, p. 16.

[819] Lyon thesis, 1891, No. 647.

[820] Münch. med. Woch., 1893, xl., pp. 87-91, 127-129, 194.

[821] Tracy, Pop. Sci. Mo., 1878, xiii., pp. 349-354.

[822] Lancet, 1847, i., p. 403.

[823] “Med. Jur.,” Am. Ed., 1892, p. 396.

[824] See articles of Huppert, Vier. ger. Med., etc., xxiv., pp. 237-252, and Müller-Beninga, Berlin. klin. Woch., 1877, xiv., p. 481.

[825] Jour. Amer. Med. Assn., 1885, i., p. 658.

[826] “Pend.,” etc., p. 22.

[827] Dorpat Diss., 1891.

[828] Arch. gén. de Méd., 1856, vii., p. 315.

[829] Op. cit., p. 308.

[830] Lancet, 1871, ii., p. 98.

[831] Glasgow Med. Jour., 1880, xiv., p. 387.

[832] Philadelphia Medical Times, 1875.

[833] Lancet, 1869, i., p. 636.

[834] Indian Med. Gaz., 1876, xi., p. 29.

[835] Op. cit., p. 245.

[836] “Med. Jur.,” Am. ed., 1892, p. 398.

[837] Op. cit., p. 523.

[838] Op. cit., Levy’s translation, 1881, p. 363.

[839] Deutsch. Archiv f. Staats, 1870, xxviii., p. 313.

[840] Op. cit., p. 281.

[841] Indian Med. Gaz., 1876, xi., p. 29.

[842] Op. cit., p. 287.

[843] “Med. Jur.,” p. 527.

[844] “Med. Jur.,” Am. ed., 1892, p. 399.

[845] Vier. f. ger. Med., 1870, xii., pp. 340-369.

[846] Ib., 1870, xiii., pp. 247-260.

[847] Op. cit., p. 281.

[848] Pellier, op. cit., p. 83.

[849] Ind. Med. Gaz., 1876, xi., p. 30.

[850] “Handbuch,” p. 571.

[851] Wien. med. Presse, 1881-1882, xxii., p. 1533.

[852] Vier. f. ger. Med., 1881, xxxv., p. 201.

[853] Lehrbuch, p. 532.

[854] Op. cit., p. 245.

[855] See Brit. and For. Med. Rev., ii., p. 214.

[856] Op. cit., p. 98.

[857] Paris thesis, 1859, No. 9.

[858] Paris thesis, 1874, No. 291.

[859] Op. cit., p. 245.

[860] Op. cit., p. 533.

[861] Med. Times and Gaz., 1871, i., p. 671.

[862] Lyon Méd., 1883, xliv., p. 11.

[863] Lehrbuch, p. 535.

[864] Vier. f. ger. Med. and öff. San., 1881, xxxv., pp. 201-248.

[865] Virchow’s Archiv, 1870, xlix., p. 290.

[866] Rev. Méd. de l’Est, 1890, xxii., pp. 545-554.

[867] Ann. d’Hyg., 1885, xiii., pp. 209-228.

[868] Op. cit., p. 105.

[869] Lehrbuch, p. 537.

[870] Op. cit., p. 607.

[871] Op. cit., p. 597.

[872] Op. cit., pp. 44, 54.

[873] Bull. Soc. Méd. Lég., Paris, 1875-76, iv., p. 373.

[874] Indian Med. Gaz., 1881, xvi., p. 275.

[875] Ann. d’Hyg., 1886, xvi., pp. 108-125.

[876] “Med. Jur.,” Am. ed., 1892, p. 408.

[877] Freidreich’s Bl. f. ger. Med., 1890, xxi., pp. 149-171.

[878] Vier. f. ger. Med., etc., 1880, xxxii., p. 232, foot-note.

[879] “Med. Jur.,” Am. ed., 1880, p. 448.

[880] Indian Med. Gaz., 1876, xi., p. 3.

[881] Op. cit., p. 132.

[882] Op. cit., p. 66.

[883] Amer. Jour. Obstet., 1886, xix., pp. 349-352.

[884] Tardieu., op. cit., p. 291.

[885] “Med. Jur.,” Am. ed., 1892, p. 428.

[886] Trans. Mass. Leg. Soc., 1878, i., pp. 14-24.

[887] See Ogston, p. 550.

[888] Med. Times and Gaz., 1878, i., p. 603.

[889] Johnson, Lancet, 1878, ii., p. 501.

[890] Med. chir. Trans., 1862, xlv., p. 449.

[891] Archiv. gén. de Méd., 1856, vii., p. 300.

[892] Op. cit., p. 539.

[893] “Amer. Pract.,” 1872, vi., pp. 193-206.

[894] Brit. Med. Jour., 1879, i., p. 970.

[895] “Nature,” 1879, xx., p. 108.

[896] Gaz. hebd. Méd., Paris, 1872, ix., p. 806.

[897] Bull. Acad. Méd., Paris, 1876, v., p. 764.

[898] Jour. Amer. Med. Ass., 1891, xvi., p. 805.

[899] Trans. Amer. Pæd. Soc., 1891, iii., pp. 128-132.

[900] Brit. Med. Jour., 1880, ii., pp. 122-124 and 163-165.

[901] Med. Rec., N. Y., 1893, xliii., p. 289.

[902] Amer. Jour. Med. Sci., 1891, ci., pp. 109-116.

[903] Coll. and Clin. Record, 1892, xiii., pp. 170-172.

[904] Glasgow Med. Jour., 1885, xxiv., pp. 344-354.

[905] Med. Press and Circ., 1889, xlviii., p. 433.

[906] Asclepiad, 1885, ii., pp. 171-187.

[907] Lancet, 1885, i., pp. 245-247, 289-292.

[908] Asclepiad, 1890, vii., p. 201.

[909] Bull. Acad. Méd., Paris, 1876, v., pp. 611, 754, 904; and 1881, x., pp. 847-852.

[910] Op. cit., p. 279.

[911] Op. cit., p. 288.

[912] Indian Med. Gaz., 1890, xxv., p. 257.

[913] Brit. Med. Jour., 1877, i., p. 444.

[914] Ib., 1891, p. 399.

[915] Lancet, 1889, ii., p. 255.

[916] Paris thesis, 1877, No. 327.

[917] Hofmann, “Lehrbuch,” p. 514.

[918] “Méd. Lég.,” 1874, p. 406.

[919] Op. cit., p. 554.

[920] Op. cit., p. 275.

[921] Op. cit., p. 288.

[922] Op. cit., p. 23.3

[923] Tardieu, op. cit., pp. 296, 298.

[924] Physician, etc., New York, 1880, xiii., p. 181.

[925] Trans. Mass. Med. Leg. Soc., 1878, i., pp. 14-24.

[926] Op. cit., p. 291.

[927] Second Kings, viii., 15.

[928] Taylor, op. cit., p. 482.

[929] Op. cit., p. 434.

[930] Taylor, “Med. Jur.,” Am. ed., 1880, p. 485.

[931] Op. cit., p. 31.

[932] Jour. de Méd. de Toulouse, 1851, iii., p. 237.

[933] Op. cit., p. 295.

[934] Ann. d’Hyg., 1843, xxx., p. 225.

[935] See writer’s “Bathing and Boating Accidents,” Jour. American Medical Association, April 19th, 1890.

[936] See writer’s article, “Memory, Diseases of,” in “Reference Handbook of the Medical Sciences.”

[937] Medical Record, August 22d, 1891.

[938] “Medico-Legal Experience in Calcutta,” Edinburgh, 1891.

[939] Indian Medical Gazette, December, 1888.

[940] Jour. of Orificial Surgery, April 1st, 1893, p. 709.

[941] Trans. of the Massachusetts Medico-Legal Society, vol. i., No. 8, 1885.

[942] Lesser, Dr. Adolph: “Ueber die wichtigsten Sectionsbefunde bei dem Tode durch Ertrinken in dünnflüssigen Medien,” Berlin, 1884.

[943] Gilberti, Dr. A.: “I Segni dell’ Annegamento nel Cadavere in Putrefazione,” 1889.

[944] Barlerin, Paul, le Dr.: “Etude Médico-légale sur la Submersion,” Tarare, 1891.

[945] Fagerlund, L. W.: Ueber das Eindringen von Ertränkungsflüssigkeit in die Gedärme.” Vierteljahrschrift für gerichtl. Med. und off. Sanitätswesen,” Berlin, 1890.

[946] Circular No. 3, War Department, Surgeon-General’s Office, Washington, 1871, pp. 129-131.

[947] The subject has been well studied by Dr. A. Carré, Archiv. de l’Anthropologie Criminelle et des Sciences Pénales, 15 Janv., 1892.

[948] Flint’s “Text-Book of Physiology,” Ed. 1877, p. 517; I. Forster, “Zeitschrift für Biologie,” tome ix., 1872.

[949] Foster, “Handbook of Physiology,” Ed. 1880, p. 457; Kirke’s “Handbook of Physiology,” 11th Ed., vol. i., p. 311.

[950] F. Spaeth, “Archiv für Hygiene,” 1886, pp. 68-81.

[951] Rochard, “Encyclopæd. d’Hygiene,” vol. ii., p. 796.

[952] For elaborate statements consult Edward Smith, “Foods,” Int. Sci. Ser., N. Y. Ed., 1878; Pavy, “On Food,” 2d Ed., 1881, N. Y., p. 467; Buck, “Hygiene,” Ed. 1879, vol. i., p. 190; Parkes, “Hygiene,” Ed. 1873, p. 179; Levy, “Traïté de Hygiene,” vol. i., p. 739.

[953] Corrigan, “On Famine and Fever,” etc., Dublin, 1849.

[954] Donnivan, “On Famine,” Dublin Med. Press, 1848, p. 67.

[955] Folet, Ann. de Hygiene et de Méd. Legal, 2d ser., vol. xlviii.

[956] Sloan, London Med. Gazette, vol. xvii., p. 265; Martin, Med. Times and Gazette, 1861, vol. i., p. 344.

[957] Chossat, “Récherches experimentales sur inanition,” Paris, 1843, p. 45.

[958] “Récherches experimentales sur inanition,” 1845.

[959] Bouchardat, “De l’Alimentation insuffissant,” Paris, 1852, p. 10.

[960] Greenfield, Brit. Med. Jour., Oct. 20th, 1877.

[961] Dr. McLoughlin, London Lancet, Nov. 2d, 1878.

[962] Reg. v. Jacobs and wife, Carmarthen Summer Assizes, 1890; also London Lancet, 1890, vol. ii., p. 132.

[963] Caspar, “Forensic Medicine,” Syd. Soc. Pub., vol. ii., p. 29; London Lancet, April 11th, 1877, pp. 580-620.

[964] Thornhill, Med. Gazette, Nov. 28th, 1835, p. 390.

[965] Caspar, “Forensic Medicine,” Syd. Soc. Pub., vol. ii., p. 36; Martin, Med. Times and Gazette, March 30th, 1861 (Case 132).

[966] “The Penge Case;” Reg. v. Staunton, Central Crim. Court, 1877.

[967] The case of Reg. v. Jacobs and wife.

[968] Holland, “On Morbid Effects of Deficiency of Food,” London, 1839.