[102] The Spaniard.

[104] Alluding to the successful war of Cromwell against the Dutch, in 1653.

[106]

Cœruleus Proteus immania ponti
Armenta, et magnas pascit sub gurgite phocas.

[108] The planet Venus, which was visible in the day-time about the birth-day of Charles II., was by court astronomers affirmed to be a new star. See page 51.

[111] Protesilaus, the first Grecian who landed on the Trojan shore, was killed in disembarking.

[112] Opdam, the admiral of Holland. See note VIII.

[113] The war began, by mutual aggressions, on the coast of Guinea.

[116] Si bene calculum ponas, ubique fit naufragium. Petronius.

[120] Prince Rupert, and duke Albemarle. See note XV.

[122] Examina infantium, futurusque populus. Plin. jun. in pan. ad Trajanum.

[124] Where the Olympic games were celebrated.

[125] Credas innare revulsas Cyclades.

[126] "Ahey! what, in the wind's eye, brother? Where did you learn your seamanship."—Commodore Trunnion.

[127] Built, for build or structure.

[130] The Gauls, when they first entered the Roman senate, were so much struck with the solemn appearance of the venerable senators on their chairs of state, that, for a time, their fury was absorbed in veneration.—Liv. His. Lib. V. cap. 41.

[133] Spem vultu simulat, premit alto corde dolorem.Virgil.

[134] Tell, for number.

[138]

Ille autem —— —— —— ——
Faucibus ingentem fumum, mirabile dictu
Evomit, involvitque domum caligine cæca,
Prospectum eripiens oculis, glomeratque sub antro
Fumiferam noctem, commixtis igne tenebris. Virgil.

[139] A falcon, I believe, is said to fly at check, when, having missed her stroke, she deserts her proper object of pursuit for a crow, or some other bird.

[142] Vestigia retro improperata refert.Virgil.

[143]

Nec trucibus fluviis idem sonus: occidit horror
Equoris, antennis maria acclinata quiescunt.
Statius.

[144] The third of June, famous for two victories by the English fleet over the Dutch in 1653 and 1665. On the last occasion, the fleets met on the third, though the Dutch avoided fighting till the fourth of the month.

[147]

Quum medii nexus, extremæque agmina caudæ
Solvuntur; tardosque trahit sinus ultima orbes.
Virgil.

[148] Corruptly for flax; her down or fur.

[149]

——Quos opimus,
Fallere et effugere triumphus est.

[152] To imp, generally, is to ingraft; but here there is a reference to falconry, in which, when the broken feather in a hawk's wing is supplied by art, it is said to be imp'd.

[153]

Qualis apes, æstate nova, per florea rura,
Exercet sub sole labor, cum gentis adultos
Educunt fœtus, aut cum liquentia mella
Stipant, et dulci distendunt nectare cellas;
Aut onera accipiunt venientum, aut agmine facto
Ignavum fucos pecus a præsepibus arcent;
Fervet opus, redolentque thymo fragrantia mella.
Æneid. Lib. I.

[154] Sweden was the only continental ally of Britain during this war.

[155] Marline, a piece of untwisted rope, dipped in pitch, and wrapped round a cable to guard it.

[156] Tarpawling, pitched canvas.

[158] Extra anni solisque vias.Virgil.

[159] By a more exact measure of longitude. Dryden.

[160] Apostrophe to the Royal Society.

[168] Gross, used as a substantive for "main body."

[169] Levat ipse tridenti, et vastas aperit syrtes.Virgil.

[171] Expires, in the unusual sense of "is blown forth."

[172] Possunt quia posse videntur.Virgil.

[174] Spar-hawk. A lark is said to be dared by any object of terror which makes it sit close.

Farewell nobility! E'en let his grace go forward,
And dare us with his cap, like larks.——

[175] St James, patron of Spain, on whose festival this battle was fought. See note XLI.

[176] Philip II. of Spain, against whom the Hollanders rebelling, were aided by Queen Elizabeth. See notes XLI. and XLII.

[180] Hæc arte tractabat cupidum virum, ut illius animum inopia accenderet.

[182] Sigæa igni freta late relucent.

[184] The word gross, as already noticed, signifies "main body." It was a military phrase of the time.

[194] Alluding to the city's request to the king, not to leave them.

[195] Note LVI.

[196] Note LVII.

[197] Mexico.

[198] Augusta, the old name of London.

[200] Alluding to the alliance betwixt France and Holland.

[201] The disgraceful surprise of Chatham, in 1667, baffled this prophecy.

[202] Referring to the monsoons, which the navigators fall in with upon doubling the Cape of Good Hope.

[203] "Memoirs of English affairs, chiefly naval, from 1660 to 1673, by his Royal Highness James Duke of York." Lond. 1729, 8vo.

[204] While these sheets were going to press, (to use the approved editorial phraseology,) I have discovered that these abstruse truths were asserted, not by Lilly himself, but a brother Philo-math, Richard Kirby, in his Vates Astrologicus, or England's Astrological Prophet.

[205] Sir Thomas Clifford was the person through whose medium Tydiman carried on a treaty with the Danish governor Alfeldt, for the surrender of the Dutch fleet; the sincerity of which, on the part of the Danes, may be greatly doubted, since their after conduct evinced an unrighteous desire of securing the whole booty of the unfortunate Dutchmen for themselves, which they must otherwise have divided with the English. See Ralph's Hist. Vol. I. p. 118.

[206] The wits of that age, who laughed at every thing, made themselves very merry with this accident. Denham exhorts the painter thus:

But most with story of his hand and thumb,
Conceal, as honour would, his grace's bum,
When the rude bullet a large collop tore
Out of that buttock never turned before;
Fortune, it seems, would give him by that lash
Gentle correction for his fight so rash;
But should the Rump perceive't, they'd say that Mars
Has thus avenged them upon Aumarle's ——.

The bard elsewhere gives his grace the admonition,

Guard thy posteriours, George, ere all be gone;
Though jury-masts, thou'st jury-buttocks none.
Instructions to a Painter, part 2d.

[207] This is taken from the narrative imputed to Harman himself.—See Lives of the Admirals, Vol. II. p. 262. Its authenticity is questioned by Ralph, on account of the lubberly phrases, cordage and crossbeam for slings and yard. But the same circumstances occur in a letter from Alborough, dated June 2d, and published in the London Gazette for June 4th, giving an account of the crippled state in which the Henry had come into that port, and of the part she had sustained in the action. A doggrel poet, on the same occasion, apostrophises

——Brave Harman now, his fiery ordeals past,
Submits unto his watery trial last;
Whose sober valour shall encrease his glory,
And gain new plumes to enrich a future story.
On the Declaration of Toleration, and Publication of War.

[208] "Naboth's Vineyard, or the Innocent Traitor, copied from the original Holy Scriptures, in Heroic Verse, printed for C. R. 1679."

"Since holy scripture itself is not exempt from being tortured and abused by the strainings and perversions of evil men, no great wonder were it if this small poem, which is but an illustration of a single, yet remarkable, passage thereof, be also subject to the like distortions and misapplications of the over-prying and underwitted of one side, and of the malicious on the other: But all ingenious and ingenuous men (to whose divertisement only this poem offers itself) will be guarantees for the author, that neither any honourable and just judge can be thought concerned in the character of Arod, nor any honest and veracious witness in that of Malchus: And as, by the singular care and royal goodness of his Majesty, whom God long preserve, our benches in this nation are furnished with persons of such eminent integrity and ability, that no character of a corrupt judge can, with the least shadow of resemblance, belong to them; so it is to be wished, that also, in all our courts of judicature, a proportionable honesty and veracity were to be found in all witnesses, that so justice and peace might close in a happy kiss."

In this piece, Scroggs is described under the character of Arod, an ambitious judge and statesman:

The chief was Arod, whose corrupted youth
Had made his soul an enemy to truth;
But nature furnished him with parts and wit
For bold attempts, and deep intriguing fit.
Small was his learning, and his eloquence
Did please the rabble, nauseate men of sense;
Bold was his spirit, nimble and loud his tongue,
Which more than law or reason takes the throng,
Him, part by money, partly by her grace,
The covetous queen raised to a judge's place;
And as he bought his place, he justice sold,
Weighing his causes, not by law, but gold.
He made the justice-seat a common mart;
Well skilled was he in the mysterious art
Of finding varnish for an unsound cause,
And for the sound, imaginary flaws.

MalchusOates.

Malchus, a puny Levite, void of sense
And grace, but stuff'd with noise and impudence,
Was his prime tool; so venomous a brute,
That every place he lived in spued him out.
Lies in his mouth, and malice in his heart,
By nature grew, and were improved by art;
Mischief his pleasure was, and all his joy,
To see his thriving calumny destroy
Those, whom his double heart, and forked tongue,
Surer than vipers' teeth, to death had stung.

NabothStafford.

Naboth, among the tribes, the foremost place,
Did, with his riches, birth, and virtue grace,
A man, whose wealth was the poor's common stock;
The hungry found their market in his flock.
His justice made all law contentions cease;
He was his neighbours' safeguard, and their peace:
The rich by him were in due bounds contained;
The poor, if strong, employed; if weak, maintained.
Well had he served his country and his king,
And the best troops in all their wars did bring;
Nor with less bravery did he lead them on,
Warding his country's danger with his own.

[209] The following lines occur in "The Badger in the Fox-trap," published, as appears from Mr Luttrell's jotting, about 9th July, 1681, four months before the appearance of Dryden's poem:

Besides, my titles are as numerous
As all my actions various, still, and humourous.
Some call me Tory, some Achitophel,
Some Jack-a-Dandy, some old Machiavel;
Some call me Devil, some his foster-brother,
And Turncoat rebel all the nation over.

An accidental anticipation of the names imposed on Shaftesbury and the King occurs, where the author seems to have been inspired with prophecy at least, if not with poetry; namely, in "Verses on the blessed and happy Coronation of Charles II. King of England, &c. printed at the hearty desires of Persons of Quality; by John Rich, Gentleman:"

Preserve thy David; and he that rebells,
Confound his councells, like Achitophell's.

[210] See the Dedication of "Tyrannic Love," addressed to Monmouth, Vol. III. p. 346; and the "Vindication of the Duke of Guise," where Dryden says, "The obligations I have had to him were those of his countenance, his favour, his good word, and his esteem, all of which I have likewise had in a greater measure from his excellent Duchess, the patroness of my poor unworthy poetry." Vol. VII. p. 162.