List of Illustrations

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U. S. Submarine M-1 Frontispiece
Cornelius Van Drebel 5
The Rotterdam Boat 8
Symons’s Submarine 10
The Submarine of 1776 13
The Best-known Picture of Bushnell’s Turtle 16
Another Idea of Bushnell’s Turtle 19
Ezra Lee 21
The Nautilus Invented by Robert Fulton 28
Destruction of the Dorothea 33
Views of a Confederate David 37
C. S. S. Hundley 38
Cross-section of a Whitehead Torpedo 51
Davis Gun-torpedo After Discharge, Showing Eight-inch Gun Forward of Air-flask 53
Effect of Davis Gun-torpedo on a Specially-constructed Target 54
The Intelligent Whale 58
Le Plongeur 59
Steam Submarine Nordenfeldt II, at Constantinople, 1887 62
Bauer’s Submarine Concert, Cronstadt Harbor, 1855 65
Apostoloff’s Proposed Submarine 67
The Holland No. 1 70
The Fenian Ram 73
U. S. S. Holland, in Drydock with the Russian Battleship Retvizan 77
John P. Holland 80
Lake 1893 Design as Submitted to the U. S. Navy Department 83
The Argonaut Junior 84
Argonaut as Originally Built 87
Argonaut as Rebuilt 90
The Rebuilt Argonaut, Showing Pipe-masts and Ship-shaped Superstructure 93
Cross-section of Diving-compartment on a Lake Submarine 94
Cross-section of the Protector 97
Mr. Simon Lake 98
U. S. Submarine E-2 101
A Submarine Cruiser, or Fleet Submarine (Lake Type) 105
Auxiliary Switchboard and Electric Cook-stove, in a U. S. Submarine 107
Forward Deck of a U. S. Submarine, in Cruising Trim 109
Same, Preparing to Submerge 110
Depth-control Station, U. S. Submarine 113
Cross-section of a Periscope 114
Forward Torpedo-compartment, U. S. Submarine 117
Fessenden Oscillator Outside the Hull of a Ship 120
Professor Fessenden Receiving a Message Sent Through Several Miles of Sea-water by His “Oscillator” 121
Side-elevation of a Modern Submarine 127
One Type of Safety-jacket 131
The Vulcan Salvaging the U-3 134
Fulton’s Anchored Torpedoes 140
Sinking of the U. S. S. Tecumseh, by a Confederate Mine, in Mobile Bay 143
A Confederate “Keg-torpedo” 144
First Warship Destroyed by a Mine 145
A Confederate “Buoyant Torpedo” or Contact-mine 146
Modern Contact-mine 150
U. S. Mine-planter San Francisco 153
English Submarine Rescuing English Sailors 157
Engagement Between the Birmingham and the U-15 159
Sinking of the Aboukir, Cressy, and Hogue 163
Tiny Target Afforded by Periscopes in Rough Weather 167
Photograph of a Submarine, Twenty Feet Below the Surface, Taken from the Aeroplane, Whose Shadow Is Shown in the Picture 173
German Submarine Pursuing English Merchantman 182
British Submarine, Showing One Type of Disappearing Deck-gun Now in Use 190