APPENDIX I

During the course of this essay an attempt was made to estimate roughly the total number of auxiliary troops in existence during the first century, but the evidence for this period was too scanty to permit of discussing further the size and composition of the various provincial garrisons.446 In the second century, however, the evidence of ‘diplomata’ and dated inscriptions becomes relatively copious, and it has seemed possible to draw up something like an ‘army list’, giving the names of the regiments stationed in every province during this period so far as they are known. Such a list cannot, of course, make any pretensions to completeness, but it is hoped that the main conclusions which it suggests will not be found incorrect, and that it may be of service to future workers in the same field. The period to which the list is intended to apply extends from the death of Trajan, in 117, to the accession of Marcus, in 161, during which no hostilities on a large scale took place, so that in view of the general character of the military system we may safely assume that few regiments were transferred from one province to another. In drawing up the list the following principles have been observed. In the first place, all regiments have been included which are assigned to a particular province by a ‘diploma’ or inscription dated within the limits of the period. Secondly, those regiments are included which can be shown to have existed before and after the period, since they must obviously also have been in existence during it, although their allocation to a particular province is of course not so certain. To this category belong those regiments which, while only mentioned in later inscriptions or the Notitia Dignitatum, bear evidence in the titles ‘Claudia’, ‘Flavia’, ‘Ulpia’, or ‘Aelia’ that they were created at an earlier date.

These canons have not, however, been rigidly adhered to in every case. In estimating the garrison of Mauretania Caesariensis; for example, where evidence is particularly scanty, it seemed foolish to exclude that afforded by the diploma of 107, the only one yet found in the province. In this and other doubtful cases a summary of the evidence used is appended to the name of the regiment, so that the reader may judge of its value for himself. When the facts seem certain the epigraphical evidence is not cited in full, although to illustrate certain arguments used in the text a reference is given to every ‘diploma’ in which each regiment is mentioned and also to the Notitia Dignitatum.447 In calculating the strength of the various provincial garrisons the cohorts and alae are reckoned at 500 or 1,000 men each, the mounted infantry of a cohors equitata being estimated at 25 per cent. of the total establishment. For the numeri, which probably varied in size, an average strength of 200 men has been taken.

I. Britain.448

Diplomata xxix (98), xxxii (103), xxxiv (105), xliii (124), lv (ante 138), lvii (146).

Alae.  
  

I Asturum

98 (?), 124, 146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 35.
  

II Asturum

Several inscriptions. Eph. Ep. ix. 1171 dates from c. 180. (Cf. Dio, lxxii. 8). Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 38.
  

Augusta Gallorum Petriana M. C. R.

98 (?), 124. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 45.
  

Augusta Gallorum Proculeiana

98 (?), ante 138, 146.
  

II Gallorum Sebosiana

103, inscription of the third century (vii. 287).
  

Picentiana

124.
  

I Qu//ru (? Cugernorum)

124.
  

Sabiniana

vii. 571. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 37.449
  

Tungrorum

98, 105, 145-80 (vii. 1090).450
  

Hispanorum Vettonum C. R.

103, 197 (vii. 273).
  

Augusta Vocontiorum

145-80 (vii. 1080).451
Cohorts.  
  

I Aquitanorum

124, 158 (Eph. Ep. ix. 1108).
  

I Asturum

260 (viii. 9047).452
  

II Asturum

105 (?), 124. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 42.453
  

I Baetasiorum C. R.

103, 124. Not. Dign. Occ. xxviii. 18.
  

I Batavorum

124. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 39.
  

III Bracaraugustanorum

103, 124, 146. Eph. Ep. ix. 1277.
  

IV Breucorum

vii. 458, 1231. Eph. Ep. vii. 1127. The only one of these which can be dated belongs to the third century, but the cohort doubtless formed part of the early series, which can be traced in several provinces.
  

I Celtiberorum

105, 146.
  

I Aelia Classica

146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 51.
  

I Ulpia Traiana Cugernorum C. R.

103, 124.
  

I Aelia Dacorum M.

146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 44.
  

I Dalmatarum

124.
  

II Dalmatarum

105 (?). Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 43.
  

II Dongonum

124.
  

I Frisiavonum

105, 124. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 36.454
  

II Gallorum E.

146.
  

IV Gallorum E.

146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 41.
  

V Gallorum

145-80 (vii. 1083). 222 (Eph. Ep. ix. 1140).
  

I Nervana Germanorum M. E.

Second-century inscriptions (vii. 1063, 1066).455
  

I Hamiorum S.

124, 136-8 (vii. 748).
  

I Aelia Hispanorum M. E.

222 (vii. 965).
  

I Hispanorum E.

98, 103, 105, 124, 146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 49.
  

I Lingonum E.

105, c. 142 (vii. 1041).
  

II Lingonum E.

98, 124. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 48.
  

IV Lingonum E.

103, 146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 33.
  

I Menapiorum

124.
  

I Morinorum

103. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 52.
  

II Nerviorum

98, 124, 146.
  

III Nerviorum C. R.

124. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 53.
  

VI Nerviorum C. R.

124, 146. Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 56.
  

II Pannoniorum

105 (?). Still existing in the reign of Hadrian (ix. 1619).
  

III Pannoniorum

ante 138.456
  

I Sunucorum

124.
  

I Thracum

117-38 (vii. 275),457 193-7 vii. 273).
  

II Thracum E.

103, 145-80 (vii. 1091). Not. Dign. Occ. xl. 50.
  

I Tungrorum M.

103, 124. Not. Dign. xl. 40.
  

II Tungrorum M. E. C. L.458

158. Eph. Ep. ix. 1230.
  

I Vangionum M. E.

103, 124.
  

I Fida Vardullorum M. E. C. R.

98, 105, 124, 146.

6,000 cavalry, 2,125 mounted infantry, 20,875 infantry. Total 29,000.

Legions in the province: II Augusta, VI Victrix, XX Valeria Victrix.

II. Germania Inferior.

Diploma 78. I Bericht über die Fortschritte der römisch-germanischen Forschung, p. 99.
Alae.  
  

Afrorum

78. One inscription, which is apparently second century (xiii. 8806).459
  

Noricorum

78, 138-61 (xiii. 8517).
  

Sulpicia

78, 187 (xiii. 8185).
Cohorts.  
  

I Flavia E.

205 (xiii. 7797), 250 (xiii. 7786).
  

II Hispanorum P. F. E.

158 (xiii. 7796).
  

VI Ingenuorum C. R.

xiii. 8315. Still existing in third century. A. E. 1911. 107.
  

XV Voluntariorum C. R.

Early third-century inscriptions (xiii. 8824, 8826).460

1,500 cavalry, 250 mounted infantry, 1,750 infantry. Total 3,500.

Legions in the province: I Minervia, XXX Ulpia Victrix.

III. Germania Superior.461

Diplomata xi (74), xiv (82), xxi (90), xl (116), l (134).
Alae.  
  

I Flavia Gemina

74, 82, 90, 116.
  

Indiana Gallorum

134.
  

Scubulorum

74, 82, 90, 116.
Cohorts.  
  

I Aquitanorum Veterana E.

74, 82, 90, 116, 134.
  

I Aquitanorum Biturigum

74, 90, 116 (?), 134.
  

III Aquitanorum E. C. R.

74, 82, 90, 134.
  

IV Aquitanorum E. C. R.

74, 82, 90, 116, 134.
  

I Asturum E.

82, 90, 134.
  

II Augusta Cyrenaica E.

74, 82, 90, 116, 134.
  

I Flavia Damascenorum M. E. S.

90, 116, 134.
  

III Dalmatarum

90, 116, 134.
  

V Dalmatarum

74, 90, 116, 134.
  

I Germanorum C. R.

82, 116, 134.
  

I Helvetiorum

148 (xiii. 6472).
  

I Ligurum et Hispanorum C. R.

116, 134.
  

II Raetorum C. R.

82, 90, 116, 134.
  

VII Raetorum E.

74, 82, 90, 116, 134.
  

I Sequanorum et Rauracorum E.

191 (xiii. 6604).462

  

IV Vindelicorum

74, 90, 116 (?), 134.
  

I C. R.

116, 134.
  

XXIV Voluntariorum C. R.

Inscriptions at Murrhardt on outer limes (xiii. 6530-33).
  

XXX Voluntariorum C. R.

Placed in the province by a late second-century C. H. (iii. 6758).
Numeri.  
  

Brittonum Elantiensium

145-61 (xiii. 6490).
  

Brittonum Triputiensium

145 (xiii. 6517).463

1,500 cavalry, 1,125 mounted infantry, 9,275 infantry. Total 11,900.

Legions in the province: VIII Augusta, XXII Primigenia.

IV. Raetia.

Diplomata iii (64), xxxv (107), lxxix (post 145), lxiv (153), cxi (162), lxxiii (166).
Alae.  
  

Hispanorum Auriana

107, 166 (?), 153 (iii. 11911)
  

I Flavia Singularium C. R. P. F.

107, 162 (?), 166.
  

I Flavia Fidelis M. P. F.

162.
  

I Flavia Gemelliana

64,464 166.
  

II Flavia P. F. M.

153.
Cohorts.  
  

II Aquitanorum E.

162, 166.465
  

IX Batavorum M. E.

166. Not. Dign. Occ. xxxv. 24.
  

III Bracaraugustanorum

107, 166.
  

V Bracaraugustanorum

107, 166.
  

I Breucorum E.

107, 166, 138-61 (iii. 11930, 11931).
  

III Britannorum

107, post 145, 166.465 Not. Dign. Occ. xxxv. 25.
  

I Flavia Canathenorum M.

162, 166.
  

IV Gallorum

107, 166.
  

I C. R. Ingenuorum466

First-century Raetian inscription (v. 3936). Post-Hadrianic C. H. (ix. 5362).
  

VI Lusitanorum

Placed in Raetia by a C. H. which is probably second century (I. G. R. R. iii. 56).
  

VII Lusitanorum

107 (?), 166.
  

I Raetorum

107, 166.467
  

II Raetorum

107, post 145, 162,468 166.469
  

VI Raetorum

Cf. iii. 5202 with Not. Dign. Occ. xxxv. 27.
  

III Thracum Veterana

107, 145, 166 (secondary title only in last).
  

III Thracum C. R.

107, 166.

3,500 cavalry, 500 mounted infantry, 8,500 infantry. Total 12,500.

No legion in the province before the end of the reign of Marcus.

V. Noricum.

Diploma civ (106).
Alae.  
  

I Commagenorum

106. Not. Dign. Occ. xxxiv. 36.470
  

I Augusta Thracum

140-4 (iii. 5654).
Cohorts.  
  

I Asturum

106. Several inscriptions (iii. 4839, 5330, 5539, 11508, 11708; vi. 3588).
  

V Breucorum

Inscriptions in Noricum (iii. 5086, 5472). Probably second century C. H. (x. 6102).
  

I Aelia Brittonum M.

238 (iii. 4812).
  

I Flavia Brittonum M.

267 (cf. iii. 4811 with 11504).

1,000 cavalry, 3,000 infantry. Total 4,000.

No legion in the province before the end of the reign of Marcus.

VI. Pannonia Superior.

Diplomata for the undivided provinces, ci (ante 60), ii (60), xiii (80), xvi (84), xvii (85), xxvii (98), xcviii (105).

Diplomata for Pannonia Superior, cv (116), xlvii (133), li (138), lix (138-48), lx (148), lxi (149), c (150), lxv (154).
Alae.  
  

Canninefatium

116, 133, 138, 148, 149, 154.
  

I Ulpia Contariorum M. C. R.

133, 148, 154.
  

I Hispanorum Aravacorum

80, 84, 85, 133, 138, 148, 149, 150.
  

Pannoniorum

Several inscriptions; iii. 3252, 4372 are certainly second century.
  

I Thracum Victrix C. R.

133, 138, 148, 149, 154.
  

III Augusta Thracum S.

148, 149, 150, 154.
Cohorts.  
  

II Alpinorum E.

60, 84, 133, 148, 149, 154.
  

I Bosporiana

116.
  

V Lucensium et Callaecoram E.

60, 84, 85, 133, 138-48, 148, 149, 154.
  

I Ulpia Pannoniorum M. E.

133, 138, 148, 149, 154.
  

I Aelia Sagittariorum M. E.

133 (?), 148, 149.
  

I Thracum C. R. E.

133, 138, 148, 149, 154. Not. Dign. Occ. xxxii. 59.
  

IV Voluntariorum C. R.

148, 149.
  

XVIII Voluntariorum C. R.

138, 148, 149, 154.

3,500 cavalry, 875 mounted infantry, 4,125 infantry. Total 8,500.

Legions in the province: I Adiutrix, X Gemina, XIV Gemina Martia Victrix.

VII. Pannonia Inferior.

Diplomata xxxix (114), lviii (138-46), c (150), lxviii (145-60), lxxiv (167).
Alae.  
  

Augusta C. R.

145-60.
  

Flavia Augusta Britannica M. C. R.

150, 145-60, 167.
  

I C. R. Veterana

80, 84, 85, 145-60.
  

I Flavia Gaetulorum

114, 145-60 (?).471
  

I Augusta Ituraeorum S.

98, 150, 167.
  

I Thracum Veterana S.

150, 145-60, 167.
Cohorts.  
  

I Alpinorum Peditata

80, 85, 114, 167.
  

I Alpinorum E.

80, 85, 114, 154-60.472
  

II Asturum et Callaecorum

80, 85, 145-60, 167.
  

III Batavorum M. E.

138-46, 145-60.
  

VII Breucorum C. R. E.

85, 167.
  

II Augusta Nervia Pacensis Brittonum M.

114, 145-60.473
  

II Augusta Dacorum P. F. M. E.

iii. 10255 probably dates from the second century.
  

I Hemesenorum M. E. C. R. S.

138-46.
  

I Lusitanorum

60, 80, 84, 85, 98, 114, 145-60, 167.
  

III Lusitanorum E.

114, 145-60, 167.
  

Maurorum M. E.

Several inscriptions; iii. 3545 probably second century.
  

I Montanorum C. R.

80, 84, 85, 98, 114, 167.
  

I Noricorum E.

80, 84, 85, 138-46 (?), 167.
  

Cohors I Thracum E.

145-60.
  

Cohors I Augusta Thracum E.

167.
  

Cohors II Augusta Thracum E.

167.
  

Cohors I Campanorum Voluntariorum

Third-century inscription (iii. 3237).

3,500 cavalry, 1,875 mounted infantry, 9,125 infantry. Total 14,500.

Legion in the province: II Adiutrix.

VIII. Dalmatia.

Diploma xxiii (93).
Cohorts.  
  

III Alpinorum E.

93. Numerous inscriptions; third-century C. H. (A. E. 1911. 107); placed by Not. Dign. Occ. xxxii. 53 in Pannonia.
  

I Belgarum E.

Numerous inscriptions, one of 173 (iii. 8484).
  

VIII Voluntariorum C. R.

93, 197 (iii. 8336).

250 mounted infantry, 1,250 infantry. Total 1,500.

IX. Moesia Superior.

Diplomata, ciii (93); A. E. 1912. 128 (103).474
Alae.  
  

Claudia Nova

93, 103.
Cohorts.  
  

I Antiochensium

93, 103.
  

I Cisipadensium

93, 103, 235-8 (iii. 14429).
  

I Cretum

93, 103. Mentioned in a Dacian C. H. (iii. 1163).475
  

V Gallorum

93, 103. Second-century inscription (iii. 14216⁴).
  

V Hispanorum E.

93, 103. Inscription probably of second or early third century (viii. 4416).476
  

IV Raetorum

93, 103. Existing at time of Marcomannian War (viii. 17900).
  

I Thracum Syriaca E.

93, 103. Several inscriptions at Timacum minus (iii. 8261, 8262, 14575, 14579).

500 cavalry, 250 mounted infantry, 3,250 infantry. Total 4,000.

Legions in the province: IV Flavia, VII Claudia.

X. Moesia Inferior.

Diplomata xiv (82), xxx (99a), xxxi (99b), xxxiii (105), xxxviii (98-114), xlviii (134), cviii (138).477
Alae.  
  

Atectorigiana

A second-century inscription places the ala in Moesia Inferior (Notigia degli Scavi, 1889. 340). Inscription from Tomi of 222-35 (iii-6154).478
  

Gallorum Flaviana

99b, 105. Second-century C. H. (Eph. Ep. v. 994).
  

II Hispanorum et Aravacorum

99b, 138.
  

Augusta

Early inscription at Arlec (iii. 12347), which is still a cavalry station with the name Augusta in Not. Dign. Or. xiii. 7.
  

I Vespasiana Dardanorum

99a, 105, 98-114, 134.
Cohorts.  
  

I Bracaraugustanorum

99b, 98-114, 134.
  

II Flavia Brittonum E.

99a, 230 (iii. 7473).
  

II Chalcidenorum

99a, 134.
  

I Cilicum M.

134.
  

IV Gallorum

105. Not. Dign. Or. xl. 46.
  

II Lucensium

105, 98-114, 199 (iii. 12337).
  

I Lusitanorum Cyrenaica E.

99a, 105, 138.
  

II Mattiacorum

99b, 134, 138.

2,500 cavalry, 250 mounted infantry, 4,250 infantry. Total 7,000.

Legions in the province: I Italica, V Macedonica, XI Claudia.

XI. Dacia.479

Diplomata, xxxvii (110);480 for Dacia Inferior xlvi (129); for Dacia Superior lxvi (157?), lxvii (158); uncertain lxx (145-61).
Alae.  
  

I Asturum

200 (iii. 1393). Tiles iii. 80741a,b.
  

I Batavorum M.

158.
  

Bosporanorum481

iii. 1197, 1344, 7888. Tiles 8074³.
  

Gallorum et Bosporanorum

158.
  

Gallorum et Pannoniorum

145-61.
  

I Hispanorum

129.
  

I Hispanorum Campagonum

157, 158.
  

II Pannoniorum

144 (A. E. 1906. 112).
  

Siliana C. R. torquata

iii. 845, 847, 7651.
  

I Tungrorum Frontoniana

In Pannonia Inferior till 114. In Dacia probably in 145-61,482 213 (iii. 795).
  

Vexillatio equitum Illyricorum

129. (Afterwards became an ala, and is reckoned as such.)
Cohorts.  
  

I Alpinorum E.

205 (iii. 1343). Also iii. 1183, and on tiles 1633²³, 8074⁸.
  

I Batavorum M.

iii. 839, 13760.
  

II Flavia Bessorum

129.
  

I Britannica M. C. R.483

110. iii. 7634 is not earlier than Marcus and Verus.
  

I Brittonum M. E.

In Pannonia in 85. In Dacia in 191 (iii. 1193).
  

I Augusta Nervia Pacensis Brittonum M.484

145-61.
  

I Ulpia Brittonum M.

145-61.
  

II Brittonum M. C. R. P. F.485

In Moesia Superior in 103. Tiles iii. 8074¹¹.
  

III Brittonum485

In Moesia Superior in 103. Tiles iii. 8074¹².
  

III Campestris C. R.

110. Inscriptions at Drobetae, iii. 14216⁸, 14216¹⁰.
  

I Flavia Commagenorum

157. iii. 14216²⁶.
  

II Flavia Commagenorum E.

119-38 (iii. 1371).
  

III Commagenorum

iii. 7221, 13767.
  

I Gallorum Dacica

157.
  

II Gallorum Macedonica E.

110. Described as being in Dacia in ii. 3230.
  

III Gallorum

129.
  

I Flavia Ulpia Hispanorum M. E. C. R.

110, 145-61.
  

I Hispanorum Veterana

145-61. (Probably is the Cohors I Hispanorum of this diploma.)
  

II Hispanorum Scutata Cyrenaica E.

145-61.
  

IV Hispanorum E.

158.
  

I Augusta Ituraeorum S.

110, 158.
  

V Lingonum

215 (iii. 7638). But the cohort existed earlier; A. E. 1890. 151.
  

II Flavia Numidarum

129.
  

I Aelia Gaesatorum M.

145-61.486
  

I Thracum S.

157, 158.
  

VI Thracum

145-61.
  

I Ubiorum

157.
  

I Vindelicorum M.

157.
Numeri.  
  

Burgariorum et veredariorum

138 (iii. 13795).
  

Pedites singulares Britannici

110, 157.
  

Palmyrenorum487

Some inscriptions (iii. 907, 14216) are probably as early as this period.

6,000 cavalry, 1,125 mounted infantry, 18,175 infantry. Total 25,300.

Legion in the province: XIII Gemina.

XII. Macedonia.

A new diploma (A. E. 1909. 105) shows that the Cohors I Flavia Bessorum was stationed in the province in 120. Total 500 infantry.

XIII. Cappadocia.

No diplomata: the basis of this section is Arrian’s ‘Order of battle against the Alani’, which gives the state of the garrison at the end of the reign of Hadrian.488
Alae.  
  

II Ulpia Auriana

Arrian, 1. Full title, iii. 6743. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 23.
  

I Augusta Gemina Colonorum

Arrian, 1. Full title, viii. 8934. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 21.
  

II Gallorum

Arrian, 9. Cf. I. G. R. R. iii. 272; Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 24.
  

I Ulpia Dacorum

Arrian, 8. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 23.
Cohorts.  
  

Apuleia C. R.

Arrian, 7 and 14. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 34.
  

Bosporiana M. S.

Arrian, 3 and 18. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 29.
  

I Claudia E.

Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 36.
  

Cyrenaica S. E.

Arrian, 1 and 14.
  

I Germanorum M. E.

Arrian, 2. Cf. I. G. R. R. i. 623; Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 30.
  

II Hispanorum E.

Cf. iii. 6760, ix. 2649; A. E. 1911. 161.489
  

II Italica C. R. S. M. E.

Arrian, 3, 9, and 13. Cf. xi. 6117.490
  

Ituraeorum E.

Arrian, 1.
  

I Lepidiana E. C. R.

In Moesia Inferior in 98-114.491 Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 35.
  

I Flavia Numidarum M. E. S.492

Arrian, 3 and 18. Cf. D. lxxvi (178) for Lycia-Pamphylia.
  

III Ulpia Petraeorum M. E. S.

Arrian, 1. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 27.
  

I Raetorum E.

Arrian, 1.
  

IV Raetorum E.

Arrian, 1.

2,000 cavalry, 1,875 mounted infantry, 7,125 infantry. Total 11,000.

Legions in the province: XII Fulminata, XV Apollinaris.

XIV. Syria.

Diploma cx (157). The cavalry vexillatio described in iii. 600 seems to have been drawn almost entirely from regiments stationed in the Eastern provinces.493 This inscription, therefore, which probably dates from the end of Trajan’s reign, may be reckoned as a diploma, and the regiments mentioned in it placed in Syria if they cannot be traced elsewhere.
Alae.  
  

II Flavia Agrippiana

iii. 600. Cf. C. I. G. iii. 3497 for full titles.
  

Augusta Syriaca

iii. 600 (from Egypt).
  

I Ulpia Dromedariorum M.

157.
  

I Praetoria C. R.

iii. 600. Not. Dign. Or. xxxviii. 26 (in Armenia).
  

III Thracum

Cf. ii. 4251 (praefectus alae III Thracum in Syria) with vi. 1449, which shows that the regiment was existing in the middle of the second century.
  

Thracum Herculania M.

iii. 600, 157.
  

I Ulpia Singularium

iii. 600, 157.
Cohorts.  
  

I Ascalonitanorum S. E.

iii. 600, 157.
  

I Flavia Chalcidenorum S. E.

157.
  

V Chalcidenorum E.

iii. 600.
  

II Classica S.

157.
  

I Ulpia Dacorum

157. Not. Dign. Or. xxxiii. 33 (Syria).
  

III Dacorum E.

iii. 600.
  

II Equitum494

iii. 600.
  

VII Gallorum

157.
  

I Lucensium E.

iii. 600 (from Dalmatia).
  

IV Lucensium E.

iii. 600.
  

II Ulpia Paflagonum E.

iii. 600, 157.
  

III Ulpia Paflagonum E.

iii. 600, 157.
  

I Ulpia Petraeorum M. E.495

iii. 600, 157.
  

V Ulpia Petraeorum M. E.495

iii. 600, 157.
  

I Ulpia Sagittariorum E.

iii. 600.
  

I Claudia Sugambrorum

157.
  

I Sugambrorum E.496

iii. 600 (from Moesia).
  

II Thracum Syriaca E.

157.
  

III Augusta Thracum E.

157.
  

III Thracum Syriaca E.497

A. E. 1911. 161.
  

IV Thracum Syriaca E.497

Mentioned on a C. H. of the second century (ii. 1970).
  

II Ulpia E. C. R.

iii. 600, 157.

4,500 cavalry, 2,375 mounted infantry, 9,625 infantry. Total 16,500.

Legions in the province: III Gallica, IV Scythica, XVI Flavia.

XV. Syria Palaestina.

Diplomata, xix (86), cix (139).
Alae.  
  

Gallorum et Thracum

139.
  

Anton … Gallorum

139. Probably the εἴλη Ἀντωνινιανὴ Γαλική of B. G. U. 614 (dated 217).
  

VII Phrygum

139.
Cohorts.  
  

III Bracarum

139.
  

IV Breucorum

139.
  

I Damascenorum

139.
  

I Flavia C. R. E.

iii. 600, 139. Not. Dign. Or. xxxiv. 45.
  

I Ulpia Galatarum

139.
  

II Ulpia Galatarum

139. Not. Dign. Or. xxxiv. 44.
  

V Gemina C. R.

139.
  

I Montanorum

139.
  

IV Ulpia Petraeorum498

139.
  

VI Ulpia Petraeorum498

139.
  

I Sebastenorum M.

139.
  

I Thracum M.

139. Not. Dign. Or. xxxvii. 31 (Arabia).

1,500 cavalry, 125 mounted infantry, 6,875 infantry. Total 8,500.

Legions in the province: VI Ferrata, X Fretensis.

XVI. Arabia.

Auxilia as yet unknown. Legio III Cyrenaica was stationed in the province.

XVII. Egypt.

Diploma xv (83).
Alae.  
  

Apriana

83, 170 (iii. 49). Not. Dign. Or. xxviii. 32.
  

II Ulpia Afrorum499

Not. Dign. Or. xxviii. 38.
  

Gallorum Veterana

199 (iii. 6581). Unlikely to be a late creation. Not. Dign. Or. xxviii. 28.
  

I Thracum Mauretana

154-5 (B. G. U. 447), 156 (Eph. Ep. vii. p. 457).500
  

Vocontiorum

134 (B. G. U. 114).
Cohorts.  
  

I Ulpia Afrorum E.

177 (B. G. U. 241).
  

I Apamenorum S. E.

145 (Brit. Mus. Pap. 178). Not. Dign. Or. xxxi. 60.
  

I Flavia Cilicum E.

140 (iii. 6025).
  

III Cilicum

217-18 (A. E. 1905. 54), but it belonged presumably to the early series.
  

III Galatarum

Not. Dign. Or. xxviii. 35, but belonging probably to the series raised by Trajan.
  

II Hispanorum

134 (B. G. U. 114).
  

II Ituraeorum Felix E.

147 (I. G. R. R. i. 1348). Not. Dign. Or. xxviii. 44.
  

III Ituraeorum

103 (Pap. Ox. vii. 1022). A second-century C. H. (viii. 17904).
  

Augusta Praetoria Lusitanorum E.

156 (Eph. Ep. vii. p. 456). Not. Dign. Or. xxxi. 58.
  

I Augusta Pannoniorum

83. Not. Dign. Or. xxviii. 41.
  

Scutata C. R.

143 (B. G. U. 141). Cf. iii. 12069 and Not. Dign. Or. xxxi. 59.
  

I Thebaeorum E.

114 (B. G. U. 114).
  

II Thracum

167 (Wilcken, Ostraka, 927).
Numeri.  
  

Palmyreni Hadriani Sagittarii

216 (I. G. R. R. i. 1169).

2,500 cavalry, 750 mounted infantry, 5,950 infantry. Total 9,200.

Legion in the province: II Traiana Fortis.

XVIII. Cyrenaica.

Garrison unknown.

XIX. Africa.
Alae.  
  

Flavia

174 (viii. 21567).
  

I Augusta Pannoniorum

128. Addressed by Hadrian (A. E. 1900. 33).
Cohorts.  
  

II Flavia Afrorum

198 (A. E. 1909. 104).
  

I Chalcidenorum E.

164 (viii. 17587).
  

VI Commagenorum E.

128. Addressed by Hadrian (viii. 18042).
  

I Flavia E.

128. Addressed by Hadrian (viii. 18042).
  

II Hispanorum E.

128. Addressed by Hadrian (viii. 18042).
  

II Maurorum

208 (viii. 4323).
Numeri.  
  

Palmyrenorum

211-17 (viii. 18007).501

1,000 cavalry, 500 mounted infantry, 2,700 infantry. Total 4,200.

Legion in the province: III Augusta.

XX. Mauretania Caesariensis

Diploma xxxvi (107).
Alae.  
  

Brittonum V.

Second-century inscription (viii. 9764). Cf. 5936.
  

Miliaria

Several inscriptions (viii. 9389, 21029, 21036, 21568, 21618). Existed in second century (xii. 672).
  

I Nerviana Augusta Fidelis M.

107.
  

I Augusta Parthorum

107, 201 (viii. 9827).
  

Flavia Gemina Sebastenorum

234 (viii. 21039). A praefectus of the reign of Marcus (Eph. Ep. 699).
  

II Augusta Thracum P. F.

107, 209-11 (viii. 9370).
Cohorts.  
  

II Breucorum E.

107, 243 (viii. 21560).
  

II Brittonum

107.
  

I Corsorum C. R.

107. Post-Hadrianic C. H. (ix. 2853).
  

II Gallorum

107.
  

I Flavia Hispanorum

107, 201 (viii. 9360).
  

I Flavia Musulamiorum

107.
  

I Augusta Nerviana Velox

107.
  

I Nurritanorum

107. Later inscriptions (xi. 6010; viii. 4292).
  

I Pannoniorum E.

107, 201 (viii. 22602).
  

II Sardorum

208 (viii. 21721). Also first-century inscriptions.
  

I Aelia Singularium

260 (viii. 9047). Cf. 20753.
  

IV Sugambrorum

107, 255 (viii. 9045).
Numeri.  
  

Gaesatorum

150 (viii. 2728).

4,000 cavalry, 250 mounted infantry, 5,950 infantry. Total 10,200.

Third-century inscriptions also show the existence of a large force of Moorish irregular cavalry, perhaps a sort of territorial militia. It is impossible, however, to estimate their number, or to ascertain whether they were already in existence in the second century. Cf. Cagnat, L’armée romaine d’Afrique, pp. 261-73.

XXI. Mauretania Tingitana.
Alae.  
  

Hamiorum

A second-century inscription (viii. 21814 a). Cf. A. E. 1906. 119.
Cohorts.  
  

I Asturum et Callaecorum M.502

C. H. of reign of Trajan (ii. 4211). Cf. viii. 21820; vi. 3654.
  

III Asturum C. R. E.

Late second-century C. H. (xi. 4371). Placed in Mauretania by a Greek inscription (Waddington, 104) and Not. Dign. Occ. xxvi. 19.

500 cavalry, 125 mounted infantry, 1,375 infantry. Total 2,000.

XXII. Hispania Tarraconensis.
Alae.  
  

II Flavia Hispanorum C. R.

184 (cf. A. E. 1910. 5; ii. 2600).
  

I Lemavorum

161-7 or later (ii. 2103).503
Cohorts.  
  

I Celtiberorum Baetica E.

163 (ii. 2552; cf. A. E. 1910. 3).
  

III Celtiberorum

167 (A. E. 1910. 4).
  

I Gallica E.

A. E. 1910. 4. Not. Dign. Occ. xlii. 32.
  

II Gallica

Not. Dign. Occ. xlii. 28. It is stationed at ‘Cohors Gallica.’
  

III Lucensium

Inscriptions ii. 2584, 4132. Cf. Not. Dign. Occ. xlii. 29.

1,000 cavalry, 250 mounted infantry, 2,250 infantry. Total 3,500.

Legion in the province: VII Gemina.

To this list we may add the following regiments, which can be shown to have existed in the second century, although they cannot be assigned to any particular province:
Alae.  
  

III Asturum

xi. 3007 (the name Ulpius occurs).
  

I Flavia Gallorum Tauriana

viii. 2394, 2395 (Trajan at earliest).
Cohorts.  
  

Aelia Expedita

viii. 9358.
  

II Bracarum

vi. 1838 (Trajan).
  

III Breucorum

ix. 4753 (Trajan); x. 3847 (probably middle of second century).
  

VI Brittonum

ii. 2424 (Trajan).
  

III Augusta Cyrenaica

Römische Mitteilungen, iii. 77 (Marcus).
  

VI Gallorum

vi. 1449. The career of the Praefectus Praetorio Macrinius Vindex, who was killed in 172. He probably commanded this cohort about 150.
  

VI Hispanorum

xi. 4376 (Trajan).
  

III Lingonum E.

xi. 5959 (Trajan or later).
  

Pannoniorum et Dalmatarum

x. 5829 (Trajan).
  

II Ulpia Petraeorum M. E.

xi. 5669 (Trajan or Hadrian).
  

V Raetorum

viii. 8934 (Trajan to Hadrian).

1,000 cavalry, 375 mounted infantry, 5,125 infantry. Total 6,500.