120 I imagined that this was a new practice; but I find, since the first edition of this work was printed, that it has been recommended by Pere Labat in his voyage to the Antilles.
121 There is a symptom which takes place when men are beginning to recover from scurvy, (particularly when the cure is rapidly effected by the use of lemon and orange juice) upon which I have frequently reflected, but for which I have never been able to account. This consists in acute pains, which are felt in the breast and limbs, resembling rheumatic pains. I once knew the crew of a ship which was much affected with scurvy, and had about ninety men under cure by lemons and oranges, who were most of them affected with this symptom in one night, and made such a noise by crying out as to alarm the officers who were upon duty.
122 See the Medical Essays of Edinburgh. Sennertus, lib. iii. part i. sect. ii.—Haller Elem. Physiolog. lib. xix. sect. ii.
123 In the Princessa, 1781, and the Nonsuch, Prince George, and Royal Oak, in 1782.
124 Since this was first written, the melancholy tidings have arrived of another case to be added to this fatal list. It is that of the amiable and gallant Lord Robert Manners, who commanded the Resolution on the 12th of April, and having lost his leg, besides receiving a wound in his arm and breast, died of this untractable symptom on his passage to England; and though he shared a fate to be envied by every lover of true glory, his loss can never be enough deplored by his country and friends, being formed by his great virtues and accomplishments, joined to the lustre of his rank, to hold out an example of all that was good and great as a man and an officer.
125 See Kaau Boerhaave’s account of this epilepsy in a school at Harlaem, in a book, entitled Impetum faciens dictum Hippocrate per corpus consentiens (page 355.) A fact of the same kind is also related in a pamphlet, entitled Rapport des Commissaires chargés par le Roi de l’examen du Magnetisme Animal.
126 London Medical Observations and Inquiries, Vol. VI.
127 Medical Commentaries, Vol. III., and a Thesis printed at Edinburgh, 1784.
128 See experiments on a heated room. Philosophical Transactions, 1775, Vol. LXV.
129 That species of locked jaw, called by authors the Trismus Infantium, to which children are liable the first week after birth, is probably owing to the contact of the external air upon the skin, which is accustomed in the womb to a moist and warm medium.
130 Aretæus Cappadox says, that tetanus in general is even more apt to occur in winter than in summer. De Cauf. & Sign. Morb. Acut. lib. i. cap. vi.
131 There are several valuable practical remarks on this complaint in some of the ancient authors, especially Aretæus. Their principal means of cure consisted in the application of warm oil to the whole surface of the body, particularly of the part affected. This author also recommends clysters of warm oil, occasionally combined with a medicine called hiera, which consisted of certain spices and gums, with some purgative, such as aloes or colocynth. Aretæus Cappad. de Curat. Morb. Acut. cap. vi. Celsus, lib. iv. cap. iii. Goræaus in vocabulum,ἱερα.
132 This is a fact which does not admit of doubt; but the manner in which the effect is here produced is a matter of conjecture. It is most probably owing to the compression and tremor of the air in consequence of its resistance to the motion of the ball. We can also conceive, that, with regard to an yielding part, such as the stomach or abdomen, a body flying with great velocity may even, for a moment, displace a portion of it by passing through the same space, without any other mechanical injury than contusion, in a manner similar to what happens to two balls in the act of collision in philosophical experiments made to illustrate the nature of elasticity; or the compressed air may even, in this case, act, as it were, like a cushion, preventing the sudden impulse and contact of the ball. This explanation furnishes a reason why the parts of the body above mentioned should be more liable to be affected by accidents of this kind than the head. Perhaps this difference may also, in part, arise from the principle laid down by Mr. Hunter, that the stomach is more essential to life, and more immediately the seat of it, than the head or any other member or organ of the body, and that an injury to this part is more immediately destructive of life than any other.
133 The honourable Captain Fitzroy.
134 Colonel Markham.
135 Animals are affected by these accidents as well as men. A cow in one of the ships was killed in one of the actions in April, by a double-headed shot passing close to the small of her back.
136 Hæc formula ex Pharmacopœia Nosocomii Sti. Thomæ excerpta est.
137 Hæc formula ex Pharmacopœia Nosocomii Sti. Thomæ deprompta est.
138 Vide pag. 408.
139 Vide pag. 409. Hæc formulæ ex Pharmacopœia Nosocomii Sti.Thomæ excerpta est. sed vice confectionis Damocratis hodie obsoletæ, adhibentur confectio aromatica & opium purificatum, ratione habitâ ad portionem fingulorum adeo ut parem edant effectum ac in vetere formulâ.
140 Vide pag. 456.
141 Ex auctoritate Cl. Huck Saunders.
142 Ex auctoritate Cl. Huck Saunders.
143 Ex auctoritate Cl. Lind.
144 Vide pag. 479.
145 Vide pag. 489.
146 Ex auctoritate Cl. Heberden apud Cl. Pringle in opere suo de morbis castrensibus.
147 Hæc formula ex Pharmacopœiâ Nosocomii Sti. Thomæ, excerpta est.
148 Vice olei ricini dare licet olei amygdalæ unciam unam cum tincturæ sennæ unciâ dimidiâ. Vide Pharm. Nosoc. Sti.Thomæ.
149 Hæc formula ex auctoritate Cl. Griffiths. In periculis a me ipso factis felicissimum successum ex hoc medicamento percepi.
150 Hoc medicamentum speciatim his hæmorrhagiis accommodatum quæ ex aliquo viscere læso vi externa exoriantur quales in nave sæpius quam alicubi accidere solent, ex præcipitiis & ex corpore colliso a molimine machinarum & tormentorum.—Prodest quoque in his casibus pulvis ipecacoanhæ compositus.
151 Hæc formula ex Pharmacopœia Nosocomii Sti. Thomæ deprompta est.
152 Hæc est quam proxime formula a Cl. Mead legata Nosocomio Sti. Thomæ ubi olim munere medici functus est, & ibi ex eo tempore usque hodie feliciter in hydrope adhibita est.
153 Cl°. Huck Saunders qui dyspnœâ hydropicâ laboravit ipse, auxilio notabili erat hoc medicamentum. In talibus malis interdum summopere prodest decoctum digitalis purpureæ, ut medicus supra memoratus in suo casu compertus est.—Vid. Medical Transactions, Vol. III.
154 Vide Cl. Pringle in opere suo de morbis castrensibus.
155 Hujus doctrinæ auctor est Hippocrates, quæ restaurata est auctaque a Cl. Milman in opusculo suo de hydrope.
156 Hæc methodus medendi quæ æque efficax ac simplex est, primo excogitata fuit a Cl. Georgio Fordyce medico nosocomii Sti. Thomæ, ubi & ipse felicissimo cum successu eandem expertus sum, in muneribus meis ibi fungendis.
157 Vide opus Cl. Johannis Hunter de morbo venereo.
158 Vires opii in isto morbo primo innotuerunt ex experientiâ Cl. Nooth, dum præfuit nosocomiis militaribus in America, & pro optimo remedio a peritissimis medicis & chirurgis jam habetur.
159 Non hic intelligitur ptyalismum veram esse causam quâ efficitur medela morbi, sed præcipitur ut pro argumento sit hydrargyrum in vasa minima permeasse adeo ut effectum edat in subigendo morbo. Vide Opus Hunteri.