THE END.
[2]This duty is considered by all naval officers as the severest
trial of health and spirit to which the profession of a seaman
is liable: and in proof of this, it will appear, by the following
Narrative, that, upon the
Rosamond being ordered a second
time to this station, her Captain obtained leave to quit his
ship, and eight of her crew deserted the first time the boat
went to shore, after the order arrived from the
Admiralty.
[3]See the narrative of this circumstance, as it appeared,
at the time, in the
Naval Chronicle and other public journals.
Upon this signal instance of
British valour in a person so
young as to be almost a child in the service, and who had
gallantly volunteered to accompany the expedition upon this
dangerous enterprise, the Captain of his ship presented Mr.
Chappell with the sword of the
Spanish Commander, as the
prize of his valour.
[4]The Gunner was tried by a Court-martial, during our
stay at the
Nore; and was sentenced, to be reprimanded,
and to receive an admonition to be more cautious in future.
[5]This is one of the most remarkable examples of the
Cyclopéan architecture of the
Celts which is known to exist;
owing to its remote situation with regard to the rest of
Europe.
[6]The
Fucus Vesiculosus of
Linnœus, or
Bladder Fucus;
called also
Sea Oak, and
Sea Wrack. The
alkaline salt
obtained from these ashes is the common
carbonate of soda.
[7]For an accurate Table of the different degrees of variation,
see
Appendix (A).
[8]For any further particulars respecting the Settlements and
progress of the
Moravians, on the Coast of
Labrador and elsewhere,
the Reader is referred to a “History of the Mission of
the
United Brethren among the
Indians in
North America,” in
Three Parts, by
George Henry Laskiel; translated from the
German, by
Christian Ignatius La Trobe, 1794. Also to
“The Periodical Accounts of their Missions,” published by
the
Brethren’s Society, for the furtherance of the Gospel, at
No. 10,
Nevil’s Court, Fetter Lane, Holborn, London.
[9]See the
Vignette to p. 1.
[11]Mr.
Hearne, in his Journey to the Mouth of the
Coppermine
River, observes, that the
Esquimaux, on the sea coast
to the northward, used kettles made of
lapis ollaris.
[12]It was probably
Sea-weed; a kind of food eaten as a stew, or
soup, by the natives of the Isle of
St. Kilda, in the
Hebrides.
[13]A List is contained in the
Appendix, of the different articles
of
Esquimaux manufacture which were presented, by the
Author, to the University Library at
Cambridge; accompanied,
also, by a List of things of a similar nature brought to
Russia by Commodore
Billings, from the
N. W. coast of
America.
[14]This gallant officer lost his arm in the attack on
Java, by
a cannon-ball. The seamen seeing him knocked backwards by
the shock, and lying senseless, conjectured that he had been
killed outright; but as they were bearing him off the field, the
Captain recovered his senses, and feeling the hot beams of a
vertical sun striking directly on his face and head (his hat
having rolled off when he fell), he immediately exclaimed to
one of his men, “
Damme, Sir! fetch me my hat.”
[15]Some of the arrows brought to
England by the Author were
barbed
flint, and exactly resemble the arrow-heads found
in the
Tomb of the Athenians in the
Plain of Marathon.
[17]See
Hearne’s “Journey to the
Northern Ocean,” p. 154,
London, 1795.
[18]This practice was common to almost all the antient
world; especially to the
Celtic and
Gothic tribes, as manifested
by the antiquities now found in their sepulchres. Possibly,
therefore, the
Asiatic origin of the
Esquimaux may
hence be deduced. The same custom also exists among the
Greenlanders; who are, in fact, a branch of the
Esquimaux.
“They like,” says
Crantz, “to make the grave in some
remote high place, laying a little moss upon the bare ground
(for the rock admits of no digging), and spread a skin upon
it. . . . . Near the burying spot they deposit the
kajak and
darts of the deceased, and the tools he daily used.”—See
Crantz’s Greenland,
vol. I.
p. 237.
London, 1767.
[19]Moschetos are considered as among the winged agents of
the
Evil Spirit, by some of the
North-American tribes.
[20]See the
Sketch of this remarkable
Cape, taken on the
tops.
[21]Hearne’s Journey to the Northern Ocean, p. 224.
Lond. 1795.
[22]See the Voyages of
Frobisher,
Davies, and others.
[23]This is the denomination of the bottom of
Hudson’s Bay
to the southward of
Cape Henrietta Maria.
[25]The account of the above transaction was derived from
the most indubitable authority.
[26]Memoirs of Mrs.
Mary Robinson.
[27]See the account of Expeditions through the North-West
Continent of
America to the
Pacific Ocean.
[28]The infant colony is called by his Lordship,
Osna Boia
(two
Gaelic words signifying
Ossian’s Town), from the resemblance
between
that and the
Indian name of
Red River—
Asnaboyne.
[30]It is astonishing, that, before the return of the ships, the
whole of the drift ice in the
Straits disappeared.
[31]I should have before mentioned, that the
Prince of Wales
did not arrive at
York Flats until the day after our ship.
[32]As it may be amusing to some people, I have added a
few thermometrical observations made at
Oxford House, in
the year 1811.—See
Appendix C.
[33]Instead of tracing the
Nelson River from its source to
the sea, it will be expedient to annex a map of the river
from
Lake Winnipeg to the
Gull Lake, shewing also the
portages, &c.; and this part of the river may be taken as a
sample of the whole.
[34]The badge of his dignity among the
Indians.
[35]The title by which he distinguished the officers of the
ship from the gentlemen of the factory.
[36]A very expressive name given by the
Indians to spirituous
liquors, signifying
Mad-Water.
[37]Whilst this Journal was preparing for the press, the following
article appeared in many of the Daily Prints.
“Intelligence has been received, by a late arrival from
Canada, of the entire dispersion of the Colony founded by
Lord Selkirk, in conjunction with the Hudson’s-Bay Company,
on the River Asnaboyne, in the interior of the N. W.
Continent of America. Disputes with the Metiffs of the
Country, a race of people between Canadians and Indians,
inflamed the natural jealousy which the latter have always
felt, relative to the agricultural encroachments on their
hunting-grounds in the interior, and, we understand, compelled
his Lordship’s Governor to abandon the establishment
which had been made.”—“About one hundred and
forty settlers were conveyed by the Canadian traders to
Lake Superior, on their way to Canada; and the remainder
are supposed to have gone to Hudson’s Bay, with a view of
finding a passage to Great Britain.
“The Governor, Mr. McDonald, and a Sheriff, also appointed
by Lord Selkirk (Mr. Spencer), were brought down
prisoners to Montreal; the one for having granted,
the other for having executed, a warrant, under the
authority of which, provisions, the property of Canadian
traders, were seized during the preceding winter, for the
maintenance of the colonists; and these gentlemen were
admitted to bail in the Courts of Lower Canada, to take
their trials for this alleged offence.”
Whatever may be the decision of the Judges on this trial,
the Metiffs will have succeeded in their malevolent intention,
that of destroying all prospect of the Colony ever arriving to
a flourishing condition.
[38]See
Pinkerton’s Geography.
[39]Here Mr.
Pinkerton, although perfectly correct in every
other respect, has fallen into the same error as other geographers;
namely, in peopling
Hudson’s Bay with
Esquimaux:
whereas, the
Cree Indians, who inhabit the Bay, are not
savage, take no care of their eyes, and are clothed by the
European traders.
[40]Here he plainly alludes to the
Esquimaux of
Hudson’s
Straits; not to the
Cree Indians of the Bay.
[41]At present they employ but two ships, and consequently
considerably fewer seamen.
[42]For the amusement of persons who are desirous of such
information, I have annexed an abstract of the ship’s reckoning
from
Cape Resolution to the
Orkneys. See
Appendix D.
[43]See
Walter Scott’s Notes on
Marmion, a Tale of Flodden
Field.
[44]Fossil timber, in a mineralized state, is found in the
Orkneys and in the
Hebrides. In the island of
Skie there
was found part of a large tree mineralized by
Hornstone;
which is now in the possession of the Professor of Mineralogy
at
Cambridge.
[45]So called by the
Canadians.