In 1781 the Spaniards sent a numerous sea and land force against Florida, under Don Bernard de Galvez, and the invading army commenced operations by an attack upon the works defending Pensacola, where a detachment of the SIXTEENTH regiment was stationed. From the strength of the Spanish force, mustering nine thousand men, and a numerous fleet, at the same time the British garrison only amounted to twelve hundred men, the reduction of the place appeared inevitable; yet a gallant defence was made, and the soldiers displayed that innate bravery and resolution for which British troops have always been distinguished. On the morning of the 8th of May a shell burst near the door of the magazine of the advanced redoubt, set fire to the powder, and the redoubt and its garrison were destroyed by the explosion, excepting a few men, who were forced to retire, after spiking the guns. The Spaniards carried the redoubt, and threatened to storm the remaining works; but were intimidated by the determined bearing of the garrison. The British commander, Major-General John Campbell, afterwards agreed to surrender, on condition that the garrison should march out with the honours of war, and be sent to a part belonging to Great Britain, but not serve against the Spaniards, or their allies, until exchanged. The SIXTEENTH had Lieutenant Edward Carroll and seven soldiers killed; Captain Anthony Foster and five soldiers wounded. Pensacola was a flourishing place while under the British; but it declined after it was taken by the Spaniards.

The regiment having sustained severe loss from various services in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, where detachments had been employed, it was ordered to return to Europe, and arrived in England in March, 1782.

In August the regiment received directions to assume the title of the sixteenth, or the Buckingham Regiment, and to cultivate a connection with the respectable inhabitants of that county, which might be useful towards recruiting the regiment.

The American War terminated in 1782; and the regiment was placed upon a peace establishment in 1783.

In 1784 it embarked for Ireland, where it was stationed several years under the orders of Lieut.-Colonel James Henry Craig, an officer of great zeal and ability.

Lieut.-General Robertson, died on the 4th of March, 1788, and was succeeded in the colonelcy by Major-General the Honorable Thomas Bruce, from the late 100th regiment, which was reduced after the termination of the American War.

On the 18th of August, 1790, the regiment embarked from Ireland for Nova Scotia, and in 1791 it was removed to the island of Jamaica, where it remained five years.

A revolution broke out in France, and the republican principles which filled that kingdom with anarchy, confusion, and bloodshed, soon extended to the French West India Settlements, where the blacks and mulattoes rose in arms against the European planters, and filled the islands with rapine and devastation. Many of the respectable inhabitants of the French island of St. Domingo solicited the protection of the British government against the fury of the blacks, and a detachment of British troops proceeded to their aid, from Jamaica, in 1793. The SIXTEENTH regiment furnished a portion of this detachment, but the climate of St. Domingo proved injurious to the health of the British troops, and the whole of the party of the SIXTEENTH died of a pestilential fever, excepting Lieutenant Vernon and one serjeant, who rejoined the regiment at Jamaica.

The island of Jamaica was taken from the Spaniards, by an English armament in 1655 (during the commonwealth under Cromwell), when the slaves belonging to the Spanish planters fled to the mountains, where they lived in savage independence, and were called "Maroons." They procured arms, became expert marksmen, and frequently committed outrages against the British inhabitants. In 1738 a treaty was concluded with them, and they received a grant of land; but the pernicious doctrines of the French republicans were circulated among the Maroons, who were joined by a number of runaway slaves, and commenced hostilities against the English in 1795. The SIXTEENTH served in the Maroon war, when the soldiers encountered many difficulties, and at first sustained some reverses, from the difficult nature of the mountainous districts into which they had to penetrate, and from the expert character of the Maroon warriors in bush-fighting among rocks and dells covered with trees and underwood. A detachment of the SIXTEENTH was first called into action; and in October the regiment, commanded by Major John Skinner, who held the local rank of Colonel, was called into the field. This officer had served many years in the regiment; he had distinguished himself in the American war, while serving with Tarleton's Legion, with which corps he was present at numerous engagements, and on joining the field force in the Maroon war, his presence inspired the troops with confidence. Offensive operations were conducted with prudence and skill, and by a strict combination in the movements of the troops employed, united with valour and discipline, the Maroons were driven from their mountain-fastnesses, and chased from post to post, until they were forced to submit. In performing this service, the soldiers underwent great fatigue and privation, and they conquered the Maroons in a part of the island where no European had ever before thought of penetrating. Captain Drummond, of the SIXTEENTH, distinguished himself in this war.

The Maroons tendered their submission in March, 1796, and they were afterwards removed from the island.

Having become considerably reduced in numbers, the regiment returned to England, towards the close of this year, and was stationed a short time at Greenwich, from whence it embarked for Scotland, early in 1797; at the same time it was ordered to recruit with boys.

Lieut.-General the Honorable Thomas Bruce having died, he was succeeded in the colonelcy by Major-General Henry Bowyer, from the Eighty-ninth regiment, by commission dated the 15th of December, 1797.

The regiment was quartered in Fifeshire, under the orders of Major John Skinner, and afterwards proceeded to Fort George; Lieut.-Colonel Hugh Wallace assuming the command. The boys were transferred to the Thirty-fourth and Sixty-fifth regiments, under orders for India, and the SIXTEENTH were completed by volunteers from the English militia, principally limited service men.

In 1799 the regiment embarked from Scotland for London, from whence it proceeded to Margate, to join the expedition to Holland, under His Royal Highness the Duke of York; but the order to proceed on this service was countermanded, and the regiment was stationed a few months at Horsham in Sussex.

Embarking from Portsmouth in 1800, the regiment sailed to Cork, and was stationed in the south of Ireland; where Lieut.-Colonel St. John Fancourt joined and assumed the command in 1801.

At the conclusion of the peace of Amiens in 1802, the limited service men were discharged; and the regiment was completed from disbanded fencible and militia corps.

War was resumed in 1803; and Lieut.-Colonel Fancourt having been removed to the Thirty-fourth regiment, the command of the SIXTEENTH devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Skinner.

On the 7th of January, 1804, the regiment embarked from Monkstown, for the West Indies, and arrived at Barbadoes on the 26th of March. It was immediately ordered to hold itself in readiness to proceed with the expedition under Major-General Sir Charles Green and Commodore Samuel Hood, against the Dutch colony of Surinam, in Guiana, in South America. This colony was ceded to the Dutch, by King Charles II., in exchange for New York, in North America; it was captured by the British in 1799, and restored at the peace of Amiens in 1802.

On the 7th of April, 1804, the expedition sailed from Barbadoes, and a landing was effected on the 26th of that month; the SIXTEENTH were actively employed in operations, until the surrender of the colony on the 4th of May.

While the regiment was at Surinam, the post occupied by a detachment of the light company and a few men of the fourth West India regiment, commanded by Lieutenant Richard Greene, of the SIXTEENTH, at Armena, was attacked by a large force of predatory negroes and banditti, and defended with great gallantry, the greater part of the garrison being killed in the successful resistance made to the assailants. The inhabitants of the colony afterwards presented Lieutenant Greene with a valuable sword, in token of their sense of his conduct.

In 1807 Lieut.-Colonel Skinner was succeeded in the duties of commanding officer by Major Brabazon Dean Vernon.[8]

On the decease of General Bowyer, in 1808, King George III. conferred the colonelcy on Major-General Sir Charles Green, Bart., from the York light infantry volunteers.

In May, 1809, His Majesty was graciously pleased to approve of the regiment being styled the SIXTEENTH, or the BEDFORDSHIRE, instead of the Buckinghamshire, Regiment: this exchange of County titles took place with the Fourteenth Regiment of Foot.

Lieut.-Colonel Henry Tolley assumed the command of the regiment, in June, 1810.

During its stay at Surinam and Barbadoes, the regiment lost twenty-seven officers and upwards of five hundred men by disease. The survivors returned to England by detachments in 1810, 1811, and 1812, and landed at Falmouth and Portsmouth. One ship, the "Islam," having on board the remainder of the grenadiers and of one battalion company, was wrecked on the Tuscan Rock off the coast of Ireland. By the exertions of some workmen, who were making preparations to erect a lighthouse on the rock, all were saved excepting one man, one woman, and some children; all the arms, appointments, and baggage were lost. On the following day the party was taken off the rock by a brig, and conveyed to Beaumaris in Wales.

After occupying quarters at various stations, and receiving many volunteers from the English and Irish militia, the regiment marched to Sunderland in July; and in March, 1813, embarked from thence for Perth: in July of this year it proceeded to Ireland.

Sir Charles Green, Baronet, was removed to the Thirty-seventh regiment in February, 1814, when His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, conferred the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH on Lieut.-General Sir George Prevost, from the Seventy-sixth regiment.

During this period the war was continued in Europe, and British troops were acquiring laurels under the Duke of Wellington: at the same time the measures pursued to counteract the decrees made by Napoleon, Emperor of the French, for the destruction of the commerce of Great Britain, brought on a war between the British Crown and the United States of North America; and in the spring of this year the SIXTEENTH embarked from Monkstown to join the British troops in Canada. The regiment was commanded by Colonel Tolley, and arriving at Quebec on the 29th of May, was stationed a short period at that fortress; it was afterwards removed to Chambly, from whence it proceeded to Montreal. The British troops having failed in the attack of the American post at Plattsburg, the SIXTEENTH were relieved from duty at Montreal, sent to the upper province, and stationed at Fort Wellington.

A treaty of peace having been concluded with the Americans, the regiment was ordered to return to Europe; it sailed from Quebec in July, and arrived at Portsmouth in August. The return of Buonaparte to France,—his reassumption of the imperial dignity,—his overthrow at Waterloo, and surrender to a British man-of-war, had occurred while the regiment was in Canada, and on the passage to Europe; on its arrival at Portsmouth, it was ordered to proceed to the Continent, to join the army commanded by the Duke of Wellington. The regiment landed at Ostend, and marching to Paris, encamped at St. Denis.

On the conclusion of the definitive treaties of peace, the regiment marched to Calais, where it embarked for England, and landing at Dover, remained there fourteen days.

Lieut.-General Sir George Prevost, Baronet, having died, the Prince Regent nominated Major-General Hugh Mackay Gordon to the colonelcy of the regiment, from the York Chasseurs, by commission dated the 8th of January, 1816.

From Dover the regiment embarked for Ireland; it landed at Monkstown on the 3rd of February, and was stationed successively at Fermoy, Limerick, and Cashel.

In 1817 the regiment was removed to Kilkenny; and in 1818 to Athlone.

On the 25th of August, 1819, the regiment embarked from Cork, under the command of Colonel Tolley, for colonial service, and touching at the Cape of Good Hope, the flank companies landed, and remained at Cape Town a month. The battalion companies continued their voyage to Ceylon, and landed at Colombo on the 20th of February, 1820, under Major William Vandeleur. The flank companies, under Colonel Tolley, arrived in March.

The regiment remained seventeen months at Colombo, where it was joined by one hundred and twenty-eight volunteers from the Seventy-third; in August, 1821, it marched, under Major Vandeleur, for Kandy, where Colonel Tolley resumed the command, and on his proceeding on leave of absence, in October, 1822, the command devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Lionel Hook.

Lieut.-General Gordon died in the spring of 1823, and was succeeded in the colonelcy by Lieut.-General William Carr, Viscount Beresford, G.C.B., and G.C.H.

In March, 1824, the regiment returned to Colombo, where it lost several officers and a number of men by a malignant fever.

Colonel Tolley was promoted to the rank of Major-General; Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Hook was nominated to a Lieut.-Colonelcy in the Ceylon rifle corps; and Colonel David Ximenes was appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the SIXTEENTH; this officer arrived at Colombo in March, 1826, and assumed the command of the regiment, which marched from Colombo, in July following, for Point de Galle.

On the 2nd of July, 1827, Lieutenants Alexander, Mylius, and Hyde, Ensigns Cassidi and Hannagan, three serjeants, and one hundred and eight rank and file, joined from the depôt in England.

The regiment, having been appointed to proceed to Bengal, was relieved from duty at the island of Ceylon, by the Sixty-first, in November, 1828, and embarking from thence in four divisions, arrived at Calcutta in January, 1829, when Colonel Ximenes was appointed to command the garrison of Fort William, and Major John W. Adain assumed the command of the regiment; which received one hundred and fourteen volunteers from the Fifty-ninth, and forty-six from the Thirtieth and Forty-seventh regiments. In April Major Adain obtained leave to proceed to England, and the command of the regiment devolved on Major Adam Gordon Campbell, until the arrival of Lieut.-Colonel Lionel Smith Hook, in November: this officer was appointed to the regiment in February of this year.

The SIXTEENTH remained on duty at Calcutta, where, in October and November, 1830, they received sixty-four volunteers from other corps.

In January, 1831, Colonel Hook was nominated to the command of the garrison of Fort William, and Major Campbell resumed the command; but on the regiment quitting Calcutta, in March following, to proceed in steam-boats to Chinsurah, Colonel Hook again assumed the command. At this period twenty volunteers joined from the Royal regiment.

The SIXTEENTH regiment remained at Chinsurah until December, 1833, when it commenced its march for Ghazepore: while on the march its destination was altered for Cawnpore; and on the 7th of February, 1834, it had the misfortune to lose its commanding officer, Colonel Hook, who died at the camp at Secrole, Benares, when the command again devolved on Major Campbell: on the 28th of February the regiment arrived at Cawnpore.

In March, 1835, Captain H. M^cManus, Ensigns Henry A. O'Molony and Edward Brabazon, two serjeants and forty-three rank and file, joined from England. Another detachment joined in May; and in March, 1836, one hundred and six volunteers were received from the Thirty-eighth regiment,—also eighty-four recruits from England, under Captain R. Brown, Ensigns Hook and Lawson, and Surgeon Steele. They were followed by Ensigns G. M. Ross and H. C. M. Ximenes, in September.

In March, 1837, Lieutenant Gibbs, and thirty-two recruits joined; and in May, twenty-two volunteers from the Twentieth regiment. Thirty-nine volunteers also joined from the Forty-fifth, in April, 1838.

On the 24th of December, 1839, the regiment received orders to proceed by water to Calcutta; but in January, 1840, it received orders to disembark at Dinapore, and relieve the Forty-ninth regiment, under orders to proceed with the expedition to China. The SIXTEENTH remained at Dinapore until October, when they were relieved by a wing of the Twenty-first fusiliers, and embarked for the Presidency, where they arrived on the 4th of November.

Orders having been issued for the regiment to return to England, it transferred a number of volunteers to other corps, and embarked, in three divisions, in December, 1840, and January, 1841, under Lieut.-Colonel Campbell, Major H. Clements, and Brevet-Major Dalzell; and landing at Gravesend in April following, marched from thence to Canterbury, from whence four companies were afterwards detached to Dover.

In August the regiment was supplied with new Percussion Arms. In December it marched to London, and proceeded from thence by railway to Winchester.

Leaving Winchester in April, 1842, the regiment proceeded by railway to Gosport, and in August it was removed to Portsmouth.

On the 22nd of September NEW COLOURS were presented to the regiment, on Southsea Common, by the Honorable Lady Pakenham; the Rev. Richard Bingham conducted the ceremony of consecration; and the regiment was afterwards addressed by Major-General the Honorable Sir Hercules R. Pakenham, K.C.B., commanding the South-west District, who detailed, in a very impressive manner, the ancient achievements of the corps. A large assemblage of nobility and gentry were present at the ceremony, and were afterwards entertained by the officers at a déjeuné and ball.

The regiment proceeded from Portsmouth to Manchester, in May, 1843, and from thence to Ireland in July. During the remainder of the year it was stationed at Newbridge and Birr.

From Birr the regiment marched, in February, 1844, to Naas, and in March removed to Dublin, where it remained until December, when the regiment proceeded to Cork.

In June, 1845, the SIXTEENTH regiment marched to Buttevant, and in October to Cork, for the purpose of proceeding on foreign service.

The service companies of the regiment, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Henry M^cManus, embarked at Cork for Gibraltar, on the 17th and 19th January, 1846, in the freight ships Cressy and Earl Grey, and arrived at Gibraltar on the 11th February. The depôt companies marched from Buttevant to Birr, in April, 1846, and proceeded in November to Fermoy.

On the 9th of March, 1847, the regiment, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel M^cManus, embarked in Her Majesty's ship Belleisle for Corfu, where it arrived on the 27th March; and on its embarkation for the Ionian Islands, a favourable report was received by the Adjutant-General from the Governor of Gibraltar, General Sir Robert Wilson, who stated, that the corps was "very efficient and soldier-like," and that it was "distinguished by very commendable conduct throughout its service in the garrison."

The depôt companies marched from Fermoy to Youghal in September, 1847.

Lieut.-Colonel M^cManus retired on half-pay on the 10th March, 1848, and Major Robert Luxmoore was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel; Captain Charles Grey succeeded to the Majority.

In April, 1848, the depôt companies proceeded to Cork, and embarked for Guernsey on the 4th May, where they are now stationed.

On the 1st June, 1848, the date to which the Record has been continued, the service companies were stationed at Corfu, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Robert Luxmoore.

1848

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS

OF

THE SIXTEENTH,

OR

THE BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.

Archibald Douglas,

Appointed 9th October, 1688.

Archibald Douglas was many years an officer in the First, or the Royal regiment of foot, with which corps he served in France and Germany, when that veteran Scots regiment was in the service of Louis XIV.; but it was withdrawn from the army of the French monarch in 1678, from which period it has been on the British establishment. He was captain of one of the companies of the Royal regiment sent to the relief of Tangier, in Africa, when that fortress was besieged by the Moors in 1680, and he was wounded in the general engagement on the 27th of September, 1680, when the Moorish army was overthrown. He was subsequently promoted to the lieutenant-colonelcy of his regiment; and he commanded the companies of his corps at the battle of Sedgemoor, on the 6th of July, 1685, where he distinguished himself. King James II. placed great confidence in the loyalty of Colonel Douglas, and when His Majesty's power was menaced by the armament under the Prince of Orange, the King nominated this distinguished Scots officer to raise a regiment, now the Sixteenth foot, of which he was appointed colonel. At the Revolution in 1688, he withdrew from the service, and was not afterwards employed under the British crown. In consequence of a mark on his countenance, he was sometimes called Spot.

Robert Hodges,

Appointed 31st December, 1688.

This Officer served with the army of Louis XIV. in Germany, as ensign and lieutenant in the Royal regiment of foot, and in 1678, when a grenadier company was added to the regiment, it was placed under his orders, and he was promoted to the rank of captain. The Scots grenadiers under his orders were selected to proceed to the relief of Tangier, and in an account of an action on the 20th of September, 1680, with the Moorish lancers, it is recorded—"The grenadiers, under Captain Hodges, behaved themselves very bravely." He also distinguished himself in a skirmish on the 22nd of September; and in the general attack on the Moorish lines, on the 27th of that month, he led the assault at the head of his grenadiers, and evinced great gallantry. He was subsequently promoted to the majority of the Royal regiment, and in December, 1688, the Prince of Orange conferred on him the colonelcy of the corps which is now the SIXTEENTH regiment. He served the campaign of 1689, in the Netherlands, under Prince Waldeck, and evinced great courage and ability in command of a detachment of infantry placed in front of the confederate army at Walcourt, when attacked by the French, under Marshal d'Humières, on the 25th of August. He served the campaigns of 1691 and 1692, under King William III., and was killed by a cannon-ball at the battle of Steenkirk, on the 3rd of August, 1692.

The Honorable James Stanley,

Appointed 1st August, 1692.

The Honorable James Stanley, third son of Charles eighth Earl of Derby, was an adherent of the principles of the Revolution of 1688, and a member of the Convention of Parliament which conferred the crown on the Prince and Princess of Orange. He procured a commission in the first foot guards, in which corps he obtained the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel; he served several campaigns in Flanders under King William III., and on 1st August, 1692, His Majesty, in his camp at Lambeque, promoted him, from lieutenant-colonel of the foot guards, to the command of the SIXTEENTH regiment of foot, in succession to Colonel Hodges, who was killed at the battle of Steenkirk. He was also one of the grooms of the bed-chamber to King William III. On the decease of his brother, in 1702, he succeeded to the dignity of Earl of Derby. On the 10th June, 1702, he was constituted Lord-Lieutenant of North Wales and of the County of Lancaster; and in the following year he had a patent to be Vice-Admiral of the said County during Queen Anne's reign. The Earl of Derby resigned his military appointments in 1705, and on 10th June, 1706, was sworn at Windsor, by her Majesty's command, one of the Privy Council, and at the same time Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. At her Majesty's coronation, on 23rd April, 1702, he carried one of the Three Swords of State, as he did also at the coronation of King George I., on the 20th October, 1714. At the change of the administration in 1710, he was removed from his posts, and from that of Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Lancaster, but was again constituted Lord-Lieutenant of that County on the 5th August, 1714. On 23rd September, 1715, he was appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard. He died at Knowsley, on Sunday, 1st February, 1736.

Francis Godfrey,

Appointed 25th May, 1705.

This officer was nephew to the great Duke of Marlborough;[9] he held a commission in the foot guards, in the time of King William III., and was promoted to captain and lieut.-colonel, and he served several campaigns in the Netherlands under his uncle. In 1705 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH regiment, and in 1710 he was advanced to the rank of brigadier-general; in 1711 he disposed of the colonelcy of the regiment. He died on the 6th of October, 1712.

Henry Durell,

Appointed 17th February, 1711.

This officer held a commission in the foot guards, in which corps he rose to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel. He served at several battles and sieges in the Netherlands and in Germany, under the great Duke of Marlborough, and was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in 1710: in 1711 he obtained the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH regiment. He commanded a brigade in Flanders, in 1712, and was appointed Deputy Governor of Dunkirk, when that fortress was delivered up to the British troops. He died on the 1st of December, 1712.

Hans Hamilton,

Appointed 23rd June, 1713.

Hans Hamilton was many years an officer of the SIXTEENTH regiment, of which corps he was appointed lieut.-colonel, and he served three campaigns under the great Duke of Marlborough. His meritorious conduct on all occasions was rewarded, in 1705, with the colonelcy of the Thirty-fourth regiment, which corps he accompanied to Spain, and served as quartermaster-general under the Earl of Peterborough at the capture of Barcelona, &c. He was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in 1710, and commanded a brigade in Flanders at the forcing of the French lines at Arleux, and at the siege of Bouchain in 1711. In 1713 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH regiment, but he withdrew from the service in 1715, selling his commission. He died in 1721.

Richard Viscount Irwin,

Appointed 11th July, 1715.

Richard Ingram, Baron Ingram, and Viscount Irwin, commenced his military service in the life guards, in which corps he rose to the rank of lieutenant and lieut.-colonel, and was afterwards lieut.-colonel of the SIXTEENTH regiment, of which corps he was appointed colonel in 1715; at the same time he was nominated Governor of Hull. In 1717 he was removed to the second horse, now first dragoon guards, and three years afterwards he was nominated Governor of Barbadoes; but previous to his embarkation he was taken ill of the small-pox, of which he died on the 10th of April, 1721.

James Cholmeley,

Appointed 13th December, 1717.

James Cholmeley was many years an officer of reputation in the SIXTEENTH regiment, to the lieut.-colonelcy of which corps he was promoted by King George I., in consideration of his service in Flanders under the Duke of Marlborough, and his excellent conduct on all occasions. In 1717 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the regiment. He died in 1724.

Henry, Earl of Deloraine, K.B.,

Appointed 7th April, 1724.

Lord Henry Scott, third son of James Duke of Monmouth and Anne Duchess of Buccleuch, obtained a commission in the army in the reign of William III.; he served with reputation in the reign of Queen Anne, obtained the command of one of the newly-raised regiments of foot in 1704; and on the 29th of March, 1706, he was created Baron Scott of Goldielands, Viscount Hermitage, and Earl of Deloraine. He supported the treaty of union between England and Scotland and other measures of the court; in 1715 he was chosen one of the sixteen representatives of the Scottish peerage; and was re-chosen in 1722, and again in 1727. His regiment having been disbanded at the peace of Utrecht, he was appointed, on the 1st of June, 1715, colonel of the second, or Scots troop of horse grenadier guards, which he held two years. In 1724 he obtained the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH foot; he was invested with the order of the Bath on its revival in 1725; and promoted to the rank of major-general in 1726. He was removed to the seventh horse, now sixth dragoon guards, or carabineers, in July, 1730. He died on the 25th of December following.

Roger Handasyd,

Appointed 9th July, 1730.

This Officer obtained a commission in a regiment of foot in 1694, and served two campaigns under King William III. He also served with reputation in the wars of Queen Anne, and succeeded his father in the colonelcy of the Twenty-second regiment in 1712; in 1730 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH regiment. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1739, and to that of lieut.-general in 1743. He died in 1763.

The Honorable Robert Brudenell,

Appointed 14th June, 1763.

The Honorable Robert Brudenell, third son of George Earl of Cardigan, was many years a member of Parliament for Marlborough, also groom of the bed-chamber to His Royal Highness the Duke of York, whose train he bore at the coronation of King George III. He was appointed captain and lieut.-colonel in the third foot guards, in 1758; promoted to the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH in 1763, and removed to the fourth, or King's Own regiment, in 1765. He died at Windsor, in October, 1768.

Sir William Draper, K.B.,

Appointed 25th June, 1765.

William Draper was educated at Eton, and at King's College, Cambridge, for the Church: but preferring the profession of arms, he went to the East Indies, and was employed in the service of the Honorable the East India Company. He subsequently obtained a commission from the King, and on the 2nd of November, 1757, he was promoted to lieut.-colonel commandant of the seventy-ninth regiment, then raised, with which corps he served in India, and acquired the reputation of a brave and meritorious officer. He returned to England in 1760, and in 1761 he commanded a brigade at the capture of Belleisle. He again proceeded to India, and commanded the land forces of the expedition which captured Manilla in 1763. His regiment was disbanded soon afterwards; and in 1765 King George III. conferred upon him the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH regiment, from which he exchanged, in 1766, to the late 121st regiment. In 1769 he appeared in a literary character, and answered some of Junius's letters; and in the autumn of the same year he proceeded to South Carolina. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1772; to that of lieut.-general in 1777; he was honoured with the dignity of a Knight of the Bath, and nominated Governor of Yarmouth. He died in 1787.

James Gisborne,

Appointed 4th March, 1766.

After a progressive service in the subordinate commissions, this officer was appointed lieut.-colonel of the tenth regiment in 1755, and he was afterwards employed many years on the staff of Ireland, as quartermaster-general in that country. In 1762 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the 121st regiment; and in 1766 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH regiment. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1770, and to that of lieut.-general in 1777. He died in 1778.

James Robertson,

Appointed 14th May, 1778.

This Officer entered the army in the reign of King George II.; he served in America during the seven years' war, and held the appointment of deputy-Quartermaster-general, with the rank of lieut.-colonel, under Lieut.-General Sir Jeffrey (afterwards Lord) Amherst, who completed the conquest of Canada in 1760. In the same year Lieut.-Colonel Robertson was appointed to the fifteenth regiment, and in 1768 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH, which corps he commanded in Florida several years. On the breaking out of the American war, he was again called into active service in that country, and in January, 1776, he was appointed colonel commandant of the second battalion of the sixtieth regiment, and promoted to the local rank of major-general in America: in 1777 he obtained the rank of major-general, and in 1778 the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH regiment. His services in the American war were rewarded with the appointment of Governor of New York; and in 1782 he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General. He died on the 4th of March, 1788.

The Honorable Thomas Bruce,

Appointed 6th March, 1788.

The Honorable Thomas Bruce, son of William Earl of Kincardine, choosing the profession of arms, rose to the commission of major in the sixtieth regiment in 1768, and in 1770 he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the sixty-fifth regiment, which corps he commanded in North America during the early part of the American war. In 1781 he was appointed lieut.-colonel commandant of the 100th regiment, with which corps he served in the East Indies, and obtained the local rank of major-general in that country in March, 1782: in November following he was promoted to the rank of major-general. After the termination of the war with Tippoo Saib, the ruler of the Mysore, the 100th regiment was disbanded, and in 1788 Major-General the Honorable Thomas Bruce was appointed colonel of the SIXTEENTH regiment: in 1796 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He died in 1797.

Henry Bowyer,

Appointed 15th December, 1797.

This officer entered the army in 1771, and after serving five years in the sixty-eighth regiment, he was promoted captain in the nineteenth, and in 1778 he was removed to the sixty-sixth: his distinguished services during the American war were rewarded with the rank of lieut.-colonel in November 1782. In 1787 he was appointed major, and in 1787 lieut.-colonel of the sixty-sixth regiment. He served in the West Indies, was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1795, and to that of lieut.-general, 1802. In March, 1797, he was appointed colonel of the eighty-ninth regiment, and was removed, in December following, to the SIXTEENTH. He held the appointment of commander of the forces in the Windward and Leeward Islands. His decease occurred in 1808.

Sir Charles Green, Bart.,

Appointed 29th August, 1808.

Charles Green entered the army as gentleman cadet in the Royal Artillery in 1760; in 1765 he was appointed ensign in the thirty-first regiment, which corps he joined at Pensacola in 1766. In 1768 he was employed on a particular service at New Orleans and on the Mississippi river; and in 1771 he served as engineer at the Bahama Islands. He joined his regiment at St. Vincent in 1772, and served against the Caribs; but returned to England in 1773, and was promoted to a lieutenancy; and in 1774 to captain in the thirty-first regiment. Proceeding to America in 1776, he was nominated aide-de-camp to Major-General Phillips, and served the campaign of 1777 in that capacity. He was wounded at Freeman's Farm in September of that year, and returning to England in 1778, he was appointed aide-de-camp to Lieut.-General Sir Adolphus Oughton, commander-in-chief in North Britain. Having joined the thirty-first in Canada, in May, 1780, he was soon afterwards nominated major of brigade to the Montreal district. In 1783 he obtained the rank of major in the army, and the majority of his regiment in 1788. On the breaking out of the war in 1793, he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of a battalion formed of independent companies, and in 1794 he exchanged to the thirtieth regiment. After serving two years at Corsica, he was nominated civil governor of Grenada, and was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1797. His eye-sight having been injured by the climate of Grenada, he returned to England in 1801: in 1803 he was appointed brigadier-general on the Staff of Ireland, and was afterwards removed to England; he was knighted in May of this year, and promoted to the rank of major-general in September. In 1804 he was nominated colonel of the York Light Infantry Volunteers; and afterwards proceeding to the West Indies, he assembled an armament and captured the Dutch Settlements of Surinam in South America. He remained at Surinam a year, and returned to England in 1805: in 1807 he was advanced to the dignity of a BARONET, and in 1808 appointed colonel of the SIXTEENTH regiment. He commanded the garrison of Malta some time; was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general in 1809; removed to the thirty-seventh regiment in 1814; and advanced to the rank of general in 1819. He died in 1831.

Sir George Prevost, Bart.,

Appointed 17th February, 1814.

George Prevost was appointed ensign in the sixtieth regiment in 1779, lieutenant in the forty-seventh in 1782, and captain in the sixtieth in 1783; in 1784 he was removed to the twenty-fifth regiment, with which corps he served at Gibraltar, and in 1790 he was promoted to a majority in the sixtieth. Early in 1794 he took command of the third battalion of the sixtieth at Antigua; he was promoted to a lieut.-colonelcy in his regiment in March, and in 1795 he was employed at St. Vincent's in suppressing the insurrection of the Caribs, and in resisting the French invasion: he commanded a column at the reduction of La Vigie. In October he was directed to assume the command of the troops at Dominica; but he returned to the third battalion of the sixtieth at St. Vincent's, in January, 1796, and was twice severely wounded in opposing the progress of the enemy towards the capital. Returning to England in consequence of his wounds, he was employed a short time as an inspecting field-officer; having been promoted to the rank of colonel on the 1st of January, 1796. He was subsequently nominated brigadier-general in the West Indies; he commanded the troops at Barbadoes, afterwards at St. Lucia, where he was appointed lieut.-governor; but returned to England after the peace of Amiens in 1802. Four months afterwards he was nominated Governor of Dominica; and in 1803 he served as second in command at the reduction of St. Lucia and Tobago: for a short time he commanded the troops in the Windward and Leeward Islands. In 1804 he successfully defended Dominica against a French armament; and was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1805, when he returned to England and was appointed lieut.-governor of Portsmouth. He proceeded to Nova Scotia in 1808, with the local rank of lieut.-general; and in 1809 he distinguished himself as second in command at the reduction of Martinique. Returning afterwards to Nova Scotia, he obtained the appointment of commander in-chief in Canada. He was advanced to the dignity of a BARONET for his distinguished services in the West Indies. In 1811 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general; and he was nominated captain-general and governor-in-chief in North America. War having commenced with the United States, he defended the Canadas successfully nearly three years, under circumstances of peculiar difficulty. In February, 1814, he was appointed colonel of the SIXTEENTH regiment. After an unsuccessful attack on the American post at Plattsburg, he was recalled to England; where he died in January, 1816.

Hugh Mackay Gordon,

Appointed 8th January, 1816.

Hugh Mackay Gordon entered the army during the American war, and was many years an officer of the SIXTEENTH regiment, with which corps he served in Florida, South Carolina, and Georgia, also in Nova Scotia and the West Indies. He was promoted captain in the SIXTEENTH in 1788, major in the army in 1796; lieut.-colonel in the army in 1798; and obtained a majority in his regiment in 1799; at the peace of Amiens he was placed on half-pay. He was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1811, and was nominated colonel of the York Chasseurs in 1814; in 1816 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH, with which regiment he had previously performed much service. In 1821 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He died in 1823.

William Carr, Viscount Beresford, G.C.B., G.C.H.,

Appointed 15th March, 1823.

London:—Printed by W. Clowes and Sons, Stamford Street,
For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.