Note.—He is described under the initial C in an article called The Theatre in W. H. Ainsworth’s “December Tales” 1823 pp. 165–79, the article was written by J. P. Aston author of Sir John Chiverton.

CROSSLEY, John (brother of Sir Francis Crossley 1817–72). b. Halifax 16 May 1812; mayor of Halifax 1849, 1850, 1861 and 1862; M.P. for Halifax 3 Feb. 1874 to Feb. 1877; built with his brothers Sir F. Crossley and Joseph Crossley (who d. 14 Sep. 1868) the Crossley Orphan house and school on Skircoat Moor about 1861. d. Broomfield, Halifax 16 April 1879. Weekly Welcome (1879) 357–8, portrait.

CROSSLEY, John Sydney. b. Loughborough 25 Dec. 1812; engineer to Leicester Canal company 1832; resident engineer to Midland Railway company 1857, engineer in chief 1858 to April 1875; M.I.C.E. 1 March 1859. d. Barrow upon Soar 10 June 1879. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. lviii, 341–43 (1879).

CROWDER, Sir Richard Budden (eld. son of Wm. Henry Crowder of Montagu place, London). b. London 1796; ed. at Eton and Trin. coll. Cam.; barrister L.I. 25 May 1821; went Western circuit; Q.C. 1837; recorder of Bristol, Aug. 1846 to April 1854; counsel of the Admiralty and judge advocate of the Fleet, Aug. 1849 to March 1854; M.P. for Liskeard 3 Jany. 1849 to March 1854; justice of Court of Common Pleas, March 1854 to death; serjeant at law, March 1854; knighted at St. James’s palace 3 May 1854. d. 17 Carlton house terrace, London 5 Dec. 1859. Traits of character by a contemporary i, 251–82 (1860); Eton portrait gallery (1876) 445–47.

CROWDY, Charles (3 son of James Crowdy of Highworth, Wilts. solicitor). b. Highworth, March 1786; entered navy 7 Sep. 1799; captain 13 Jany. 1834; placed on retired list 1 July 1851; retired admiral 18 Oct. 1867. d. Pittville lawn, Cheltenham 17 May 1870.

CROWDY, John. b. Lewknor, Oxon. 6 Jany. 1834; foreign editor of the Guardian 1854 to death; editor successively of The Choirmaster, The Musician, The Musical Standard, and The Artist from its commencement 15 Jany. 1880; published The church choirmaster 1864; A free chant service 1865; A recitative service 1865; A short commentary on Handel’s The Messiah 1875; author of a system of recitative for psalms and canticles in Congregational worship called ‘Free Chant’, designed to provide for an undisturbed delivery of the words with suitable musical chords or cadences without necessity of signs. d. Addlestone, Surrey 12 Jany. 1883. The Artist 1 Feb. 1883 pp. 45, 48.

CROWE, Catherine Ann (dau. of John Stevens of Clarges street, Piccadilly, London). b. Englefield Green, Kent 1790; lived in Edinburgh many years; a disciple of George Combe; one of the persons to whom authorship of The Vestiges of Creation was attributed 1841; author of Aristodemus, a tragedy 1838, anon.; The adventures of Susan Hopley 3 vols. 1841, a dramatic version of this novel entitled Susan Hopley or the vicissitudes of a servant girl by Dibdin Pitt was produced at the Victoria theatre, London 31 May 1841 and played more than 300 nights; Men and women, or manorial rights 3 vols. 1843; The Seerest of Prevorst, translated from Kerner 1845; The story of Lilly Dawson 2 vols. 1847; The night side of nature, or Ghosts and ghost seers 2 vols. 1848, several eds.; Light and darkness or mysteries of life 3 vols. 1850; The adventures of a beauty, a novel 3 vols. 1852; The cruel kindness, a drama in 5 acts performed at Haymarket theatre, June 6, 1853; Linny Lockwood 2 vols. 1853; Spiritualism and the age we live in 1859; Adventures of a monkey 1861 and many books for children. (m. Oct. 1822 in London, lieut.-col. John Crowe who d. 7 March 1860). Resided at 22 Sandgate road, Folkestone, where she became bedridden and died of natural decay on 14 June 1872; Her son and only child Capt. John William Crowe is resident Leonard lodge, Dover road, Folkestone 1888. Victoria Mag. xxxiii, 35–44 (1879); Colburn’s New monthly mag. xcvi, 439–45 (1852).

CROWE, Eyre Evans (son of David Crowe, captain in H.E.I.Co.’s army). b. Redbridge, Southampton 20 March 1799; ed. at Carlow and Trin. coll. Dublin; Paris correspondent of Morning Chronicle 1832–44, joined staff of Daily News 1846, editor 1849–51; author of The pleasures of Melancholy, and a Saxon tale 1819; To-day in Ireland 1825; Yesterday in Ireland 1829; The History of France 3 vols. 1830–31 and Lives of Foreign Statesmen 1833 both in Lardner’s Cabinet Cyclopædia; Connemara 1843; Charles Delmer, a story of the day 1853; The Greek and the Turk or powers and prospects in the Levant 1853; History of the reigns of Louis xviii and Charles x 2 vols. 1854; The History of France 5 vols. 1858–68. d. 56 Beaumont st. Marylebone, London 25 Feb. 1868.

CROWE, John. Ensign 32 foot 7 Aug. 1800, captain 30 May 1805 to 4 May 1826; major on h.p. 4 May 1826; served in Peninsula, July 1811 to end of the war 1814; lieut.-col. 10 Jany. 1837; retired 1846; K.H. 1837. d. Fairlea villa near Bideford 7 March 1860 aged 77.

CROWE, Sir John Rice. Served in the Russian navy 6 years; British vice-consul at Hamerfest in Norway, May 1824, consul there 14 March 1837; consul general in Norway 16 Aug. 1843 to 2 April 1875 when he retired on a pension; C.B. 5 Dec. 1859; knighted at Windsor Castle 7 July 1874. d. near Christiania 10 Jany. 1877 aged 84. Times 24 Jany. 1877 p. 6, col. 4.

CROWFOOT, Rev. John Rustat (son of Wm. Henchman Crowfoot of Beccles, Suffolk, surgeon). b. Beccles, 21 Feb. 1817; ed. at Eton and Caius coll. Cam., 12 wrangler 1839, B.A. 1839, M.A. 1842, B.D. 1849, fellow of his college 1840–52; C. of Eynesbury, Hunts. 1840–47; C. of St. Mary the Great, Cam. 1852–54; P.C. of Southwold, Suffolk 1854–60; V. of Wangfordcum-Reydon, Suffolk 1860 to death; published Remarks on the University of Cambridge 1848; Academic notes on Holy Scripture 1st series 1850; Plea for a colonial college at Cambridge 1854; Fragmenta Evangelica 1870; Observations on the collation in Greek of Cureton’s Syriac Fragments of the Gospels 1872. d. Wangford vicarage 18 March 1875.

CROWLEY, Abraham. Head of brewing firm of A. Crowley and Co. at Alton, Hants.; many refreshment houses were established in London and other places which especially supplied Crowley’s ales; built and supported a British school for 150 girls at Alton 1845. d. Alton 6 May 1864 aged 70. Hampshire Chronicle 14 May 1864 p. 5.

CROWLEY, Nicholas Joseph (3 son of Peter Crowley of Dublin). b. Dublin 6 Dec. 1819; a pupil of Royal Dublin Society; exhibited 46 pictures at the R.A. 1835–57; member of Royal Hibernian academy 1838; painted several portraits of Daniel O’Connell 1844; painted ‘Taking the Veil’ for St. Vincent’s hospital, Dublin 1845, in the background of this picture there is a portrait of himself; many of his pictures were engraved and lithographed. d. 13 Upper Fitzroy st. London 4 Nov. 1857.

CROWLEY, Peter O’Neill (son of Mr. Crowley of Ballymacoda, co. Cork, tenant farmer). b. Ballymacoda 23 May 1832; a farmer; joined the Fenian movement; one of the party who attacked Knockadoon coastguard station 5 March 1867; mortally wounded in a fight with the constabulary in Kilclooney wood, co. Cork 31 March 1867. d. Mitchelstown 31 March 1867. bur. at Ballymacoda 2 April. John Savage’s Fenian heroes and martyrs (1868) 262–66, 273–80.

CROWTHER, Rev. Jonathan (son of Rev. Timothy Crowther of St. Austell, Cornwall, methodist minister 1757–1829). b. St. Austell 31 July 1794; ed. at Kingswood school, Gloucs.; head master Woodhouse Grove school near Bradford 1814–16; head master of Kingswood sch. 1823; general superintendent of Wesleyan missions in India 1837–43; classical tutor in Wesleyan Theological Institution at Didsbury, Lancs. 1849; edited London Quarterly Review; author of The Methodist manual 1810, 2 ed. 1811; A defence of the Wesleyan Theological institution, 3 ed. 1834; Sermons 1839. d. at house of Rev. Wm. Williams at Leeds 16 Jany. 1856. The Pulpit iv, (1825), portrait; Slugg’s Woodhouse Grove school (1885) 92–6.

CROZIER, Richard (eld. son of Rawson Bodham Crozier of West hill, Freshwater, Isle of Wight 1775–1849). b. 26 Aug. 1803; entered navy 1 Nov. 1813; captain 20 March 1839; admiral on h.p. 1 April 1870; K.T.S. May 1824. d. Westhill 3 Feb. 1880.

CROZIER, William. Studied at St. Bartholomew’s hospital; M.R.C.S. 1839, F.R.C.S. 1862; assistant surgeon H.E.I. Co. 1842; professor of anatomy and physiology at the Medical college, Calcutta 1855 to death. d. on board P. and O. steamer Simla on his way to England 19 Nov. 1862 aged 45.

CRUCHLEY, George Frederick. Publisher, mapseller, engraver and printer at 38 Ludgate st. London to 1833, at 81 Fleet st. 1833–76; sold his entire stock at Hodgsons 16 Jany. 1877. d. 65 Grand parade, Brighton 16 June 1880 in 84 year.

CRUICKSHANK, Brodie. Author of Eighteen years on the gold coast of Africa 2 vols. 1853. d. Lisbon 17 Nov. 1854.

CRUIKSHANK, George (younger son of Isaac Cruikshank of London, caricaturist, who d. 1810 or 1811). b. Duke st. Bloomsbury, London 27 Sep. 1792; employed to complete the plates left unfinished by Gillray 1811; illustrated the political pamphlets of Wm. Hone 1819–21; published Illustrations of phrenology 1826; Illustrations of time 1827; illustrated Fielding, Smollett and Goldsmith for Roscoe’s Novelist’s Library 17 vols. 1831–2; illustrated the Comic Almanac 1835–53; Bentley’s Miscellany 14 vols. 1837–41; Ainsworth’s Magazine 1842–45; published The Bottle 8 plates 1847 and The Drunkard’s Children 8 plates 1848 many thousands of which were sold in a few days, the subject was represented at 8 London theatres at once; a student at the R.A. 22 April 1853; produced the Worship of Bacchus 1862, presented to National gallery by public subscription 1869; granted civil list pension of £95, 19 June 1867; many of his works were purchased by the Westminster Aquarium for £2500 July 1876. d. 263 Hampstead road, London 1 Feb. 1878. bur. Kensal Green cemetery 9 Feb., removed to St. Paul’s cathedral 29 Nov. 1878. Life by W. B. Jerrold, 2 ed. 1883; George Cruikshank the artist by W. Bates, 2 ed. 1879; G. W. Reid’s Descriptive catalogue of the works of G. Cruikshank 3 vols. 1871; W. Thornbury’s British Artists ii, 55–69 (1861); W. M. Rossetti’s Fine Art (1867) 277–82; P. G. Hamerton’s Etching and etchers (1876) 316–23; James Grant’s Public characters ii, 236–51 (1841); G. Cruikshank’s Omnibus (1842) 1–8, portrait; Temple Bar lii, 499–516 (1878); Illustrated Review iii, 385–91 (1873), portrait.

CRUIKSHANK, Isaac Robert (brother of the preceding). b. Duke st. Bloomsbury, London 27 Sep. 1789; a midshipman in H.E.I. Co.’s service; made water colour drawings for private patrons; caricaturist and miniature painter; insolvent Dec. 1826; illustrated Pierce Egan’s Life in London 1821 (the 3 chief characters in which Tom, Jerry and Logic he designed from himself, his brother George and Pierce Egan) and The Finish 1831; Westmacott’s English Spy 1825; Cumberland’s British theatre 39 vols. 1823–31 and many other books. d. of bronchitis at 206 Pentonville road, Islington, London 13 March 1856. George Daniel’s Love’s last labour not lost (1863) 173–76.

CRUM, Walter (2 son of Alexander Crum of Thornliebank near Glasgow, merchant manufacturer). b. Glasgow 1796; scientific chemist and manufacturer at Glasgow; member of Philosophical Soc. of Glasgow 1834, pres. 1852; F.R.S. 29 Feb. 1844; pres. of Anderson’s Univ. Glasgow; best known for his successful efforts to place the arts of dyeing and calico printing on a scientific basis; the first person to give the true formula for gun cotton. d. The Ronken, Thornliebank near Glasgow 5 May 1867. Proc. of Royal Soc. xvi, 8–10 (1868).

CRUMMER, James Henry. b. Birr, King’s county; ensign 28 foot July 1805, captain 20 July 1815 to 1 March 1839 when placed on h.p.; served in Peninsular war 1809–14; commandant of Island of Calamo 1822–27; police magistrate and superintendent of convicts at Newcastle, N.S.W. 1837–49; police magistrate of Maitland 1849–58 and of Port Macquarie 1858–64. d. Port Macquarie 29 Dec. 1867.

CUBBON, Sir Mark (son of Rev. Thomas Cubbon). b. 1785; lieut. 15 Madras N.I. 20 July 1801; joint comr. of Mysore 1831–34, sole comr. 17 May 1834 to Feb. 1861; col. of 15 Madras N.I. 8 Oct. 1839 to death; L.G. 11 Nov. 1851; C.B. 4 Feb. 1856, K.C.B. 26 May 1856. d. at Suez on his way home 23 April 1861 in 77 year, there is a fine equestrian statue of him at Bangalore where the Cubbon park is named after him. Rice’s Mysore and Coorg 1877 passim; J. F. Higginbotham’s Men whom India has known, 2 ed. (1874) 96–7.

CUBITT, Joseph (only son of Sir Wm. Cubitt 1785–1861). b. Horning, Norfolk 24 Nov. 1811; assistant to his father 1832–43; constructed great part of London and South Western railway 1838–41, Great Northern railway 1846–50 and London, Chatham and Dover railway 1855–64; built new Blackfriars bridge, London 1865–69 opened by the Queen 6 Nov. 1869; M.I.C.E. 1840, vice pres. 1865. d. 7 Dec. 1872. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. xxxix, 249–51 (1875).

CUBITT, Thomas (son of Jonathan Cubitt of Buxton near Norwich, who d. 1807). b. Buxton 25 Feb. 1788; a master carpenter in London 1809; built London Institution, Finsbury Circus 1815–19; built over large portion of the Five Fields, Chelsea 1824–29; covered with mansions, district between Eaton sq. and the Thames since known as Pimlico; built over Clapham park about 250 acres 1824; constructed about 1000 yards of embankment above Vauxhall bridge at his own expense; built large factory at Thames Bank, burnt down 17 Aug. 1854; church of St. Barnabas, Ranmore near Dorking was built at his cost 1859; A.I.C.E. 1839. d. Denbies near Dorking 20 Dec. 1855. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. xvi, 158–62 (1857); J. S. Bright’s Dorking (1884) 133–6; G.M. xlv, 202–205 (1856).

Note.—His will the longest on record extended to 386 Chancery folios of 90 words each and covered 30 skins of parchment; the personalty exceeding £1,000,000 the probate duty was £15,000.

CUBITT, Sir William (son of Joseph Cubitt of Bacton Wood near Dilham, Norfolk, miller). b. Dilham 1785; a millwright at Horning, Norfolk; invented and patented self regulating windmill sails 1807; employed by Ransome and Son of Ipswich, agricultural implement makers 1812–21, a partner 1821–26; invented the treadmill 1817, at once adopted in chief gaols of the U.K.; a civil engineer in London 1826–58; designed the Oxford canal and Liverpool junction canal; constructed South Eastern railway 1836–46, blew down face of the Round Down Cliff with a monster charge of 18,000 pounds of gunpowder which he exploded by galvanism 26 Jany. 1843; superintended construction of Great Exhibition 1851 for which he was knighted at Windsor Castle 23 Oct. 1851; M.I.C.E. 1823, member of council 1831, vice pres. 1836, pres. 1850–52; F.R.S. 1 April 1830. d. Clapham Common, London 13 Oct. 1861 in 77 year. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. xxi, 554–58 (1862); Our iron roads by F. S. Williams, 2 ed. (1883) 123–26; I.L.N. ii, 76–7 (1843).

CUBITT, William (brother of Thomas Cubitt 1788–1855). b. Buxton near Norwich 1791; served in the navy 4 years; builder in Gray’s Inn road, London to 1851; M.P. for Andover 29 July 1847 to July 1861 and 17 Dec. 1862 to death; contested City of London 29 July 1861; sheriff of London and Middlesex 1847–49; alderman of Langbourn ward 1851–63, lord mayor 1860–62; pres. of St. Bartholomew’s hospital; prime warden of Fishmongers’ Company; A.I.C.E. 22 Jany. 1833, member of council 1842–43. d. Penton lodge, Andover 28 Oct. 1863. G.M. xvi, 120–2 (1864); I.L.N. xxxvii, 435 (1860), portrait.

CUFF, James Dodsley (son of Mr. Cuff of Corsley near Warminster, Wilts. yeoman). Clerk in Bank of England about 1805 to death, clerk in bullion office there 1825 to death; an original member of Numismatic Society of London 1836; collected coins for 40 years which were sold for £7054, 29 June 1854; F.S.A.; contributed descriptions of coins to a supplement to Ainslie’s Illustrations of the Anglo-French coinage 1830. d. Prescott lodge, Clapham new park, London 28 Sep. 1853 in 73 year. Numismatic Chronicle xvii, 15 (1855); Journal of British Archæol. Assoc. x, 122 (1855).

CUFFE, Sir Jonah Denny Wheeler, 1 Baronet (elder son of Sir Richard Wheeler, knight, who took name of Cuffe). b. 1765 or 1766; student at Lincoln’s Inn 17 May 1790; created a baronet of Ireland 1 Oct. 1799. d. Leyrath, co. Kilkenny 9 May 1853.

CUITT, George (only son of George Cuitt of Richmond, Yorkshire, painter 1743–1818). b. Richmond, Oct. 1779; a landscape painter; a drawing master at Chester 1804; resided at Masham, Yorkshire 1820 to death; published Etchings of ancient buildings in Chester, castles in North Wales etc. 1816; Wanderings and pencillings amongst the ruins of the olden time, a series of 23 etchings 1848, reissued 1855 and many other etchings. d. Belle Vue, Masham 15 July 1854. G.M. xlii, 311 (1854).

CULLEN, His Eminence Cardinal Paul (son of Hugh Cullen of Prospect near Ballytore, co. Kildare, farmer). b. Prospect 29 April 1803; ed. at Ballytore and Carlow college; entered Urban college of the Propaganda at Rome 29 Nov. 1820; ordained priest 1829; vice rector of the Irish college in Rome 1829, rector 1832–48; rector of the Propaganda college, May 1848 to Jany. 1849; archbishop of Armagh 19 Dec. 1849; consecrated in church of St. Agatha of the Goths, Rome 24 Feb. 1850; presided over national synod held in the college at Thurles, Aug. 1850 being first held in Ireland since convention of Kilkenny 1642; translated from Armagh to Dublin 3 May 1852; created a cardinal priest with title of San Pietro in Montorio 22 June 1866 being first Irishman raised to that rank; founded Catholic University of Ireland at Drumcondra 20 July 1862; presided at synod of Maynooth Sep. 1875; author of Pastoral Letters 1852–56. d. 59 Eccles st. Dublin 24 Oct. 1878. bur. beneath high altar in chapel of Clonville college 29 Oct. P. J. O’Byrne’s Lives of the Cardinals (1879) 13–28, portrait; Sir C. G. Duffy’s League of North and South (1886) 136, 171–75, 301–81; M. Comerford’s Collections (1883) 188–91; J. E. Cairnes’s Political Essays (1873) 263 etc.; I.L.N. lxxiii, 421 (1878), portrait.

CULLEN, William. Second lieut. Madras artillery 1804, colonel 1 Oct. 1842 to death; L.G. 11 Nov. 1851. d. Alleppey, Madras 1 Oct. 1862.

CULLENFORD, William. b. Halesworth, Suffolk, Jany. 1797; acted in the provinces; first appeared in London at Adelphi theatre 30 Sep. 1836 as Wharton in The Christening; acted chiefly at Adelphi and Haymarket to July 1864 when he retired; a founder of Royal general theatrical fund 16 Feb. 1839, sec. of the fund 16 Feb. 1839 to death. d. Jasmine cottage, New Maiden, Surrey 6 Sep. 1874.

CULLIMORE, Isaac. b. Ireland 1791; an original member of Numismatic Society 1836; he devoted his whole life to study of Egyptian antiquities, one of the first Orientalists who made use of astronomy to fix important dates in ancient history; published 174 plates of oriental cylinders or seals from collections in British Museum, in parts 1842–52; author of Pharoah and his Princes in Syro-Egyptian Soc. Papers vol. 1, 1845. d. Clapham, London 8 or 12 April 1852. Numismatic Chronicle xv, 22 (1853); W. H. Ward’s article on Babylonian seals in Scribner’s Mag. Jany. 1887.

CULSHA, Rev. Edward Widt (only son of Edward Culsha of Islington, London). Matric. from Magd. hall, Ox. 20 May 1846 aged 19, B.A. 1850, M.A. 1854; C. of Little Malvern, and Head Master of Colwall gram. sch. Herefordshire 1855 to death; author of Antar and other poems 1852; Eastern lands and Eastern people 1861. d. Colwall 11 Jany. 1863.

CULVERWELL, Robert James. b. 13 July 1802; L.S.A. 1824, M.R.C.S. 1827, M.D. Giessen 1841; edited a monthly periodical entitled Leisure Moments from April 1850 to 1852, 3 vols.; had a museum of 1000 specimens of morbid pathology; proprietor of The Argyll Baths, 10 Argyll place and 5 New Broad st. London; author of A practical treatise on bathing 1829; On consumption 1834, 2 ed. 1842; The Confessional 1841; Guide to health and long life 1844, 2 ed. 1852; The enjoyment of life 1850; Fragments from the mountains 2 vols. 1855; What to eat, drink and avoid, and many other medical books. d. 10 Argyll place, Regent st. London 9 Dec. 1852. The life of Dr. Culverwell written by himself (1852), portrait.

CUMBERBATCH, Abraham Carlton. Attached to consulate at Paris 1825–28; vice consul at Constantinople 24 Aug. 1830, consul general there 3 May 1845 to 30 Nov. 1864 when he retired; C.B. 7 April 1866. d. Heron court, Richmond, Surrey 25 Oct. 1875.

CUMBERLAND, Charles Brownlow. b. 1801; ensign 35 foot 21 Dec. 1820; lieut.-col. 96 foot 22 July 1842 to 8 July 1856 when he retired on full pay with hon. rank of M.G. d. 21 Milverton crescent, Leamington 27 Nov. 1882.

CUMBERLAND, Frederic William. b. London 1820; ed. at collegiate school, Dublin and King’s college, London; appointed to engineering department of the Admiralty 1844; architect at Toronto, Canada 1847 to death; constructed Ontario, Simcoe, and Huron railway 1852–54; designed University of Toronto 1859 said to be finest specimen of Norman Gothic architecture in America; organized in Toronto a regiment afterwards called Royal Grenadiers 1861, colonel 1861–64; represented Algoma district in legislature of Ontario 1867 and in Dominion parliament 1871. d. Toronto 5 Aug. 1881.

CUMBERLAND, John. Publisher in London; published Cumberland’s British Theatre, printed from the acting copies as performed at the Theatres Royal, London, 39 vols. 1823–31; Cumberland’s Minor Theatre 14 vols. 1831–32, these two series were republished in 64 or 65 vols. 1838; foreman of the jury at coroner’s inquest on body of Colonel Fawcett killed by Lieut. Munroe in a duel 1 July 1843. d. 185 Camden road, London 13 June 1866 in 79 year.

CUMBERLAND, Octavius. b. 1810; entered navy 16 April 1825; captain 29 Sept. 1855; retired R.A. 25 Aug. 1873; C.B. 2 June 1869. d. New hall, Penicuik, Edinburgh 6 Aug. 1877.

CUMBERLAND, Richard Francis (son of Richard Cumberland, officer in 3 foot guards). b. 1792; a page of honour; ensign 3 foot guards 27 Jany. 1809, lieut. 25 Dec. 1813 to 1825 when he sold out; aide-de-camp to Duke of Wellington in principal actions in Peninsular war 1812–14; wounded at repulse of French sortie from Bayonne. d. Royal Mint, London 9 March 1870.

CUMBERLEGE, Edward Altham. Colonel Bengal infantry 4 Feb. 1861; L.G. 17 Sep. 1871. d. 23 Burlington road, Westbourne park, London 28 Dec. 1873 aged 70.

CUMING, Hugh. b. West Alvington, Kingsbridge, Devon 14 Feb. 1791; apprenticed to a sail maker; went to South America 1819; in business at Valparaiso 1819–26; cruised in the South Pacific and along Western coast of America collecting plants and shells 1826–29; cruised among islands of Philippine group where he collected 130,000 specimens of dried plants 1835–39; his collection of shells the largest and most valuable private one in existence contained 30,000 species and varieties; G. B. Sowerby named a genus of bivalved shells Cumingia after him 1833; F.L.S. d. 13 Gower st. London 10 Aug. 1865. Athenæum 19 Aug. 1865 pp. 247–8; Proc. of Royal Linnæan Soc. (1865–6) 57–9.

CUMING, Richard. b. London 20 March 1777; one of first members of Aurelian Soc. 1801 afterwards known as Entomological Soc. of London; member of Lambeth Chemical Soc. established 1801; invented the Phantasmagoria 1801 which was shown by Philipstal at Lyceum theatre 1802; made purchases from all celebrated collections of curiosities and natural history which were sold 1806–70; Assoc. British Archæol. Soc. 1858; translated greater part of Cuvier’s Règne Animal to which Edward Pidgeon’s name is attached. d. 63 Kennington park road, London 15 Feb. 1870. bur. Norwood cemetery 22 Feb. Journal of British Archæol. Assoc. xxvii, 542–4 (1871).

CUMMING, Sir Henry John. b. 1772; cornet 11 light dragoons 12 May 1790, lieut.-col. 17 Feb. 1803 to 20 Jany. 1837; present at every engagement in the Peninsula except siege of Badajoz; col. 12 lancers 20 Jany. 1837 to death; general 9 Nov. 1846; K.C.H. 13 March 1833. d. 15 Upper Grosvenor st. London 28 Nov. 1856.

CUMMING, Rev. James. b. St. James’s, Westminster 23 Oct. 1777; ed. at Trin. coll. Cam., 10 wrangler 1801, B.A. 1801, M.A. 1804, fellow of his college 1803–15; professor of chemistry in Univ. of Cam. 1815 to death; made important modifications and simplifications of electric methods; pres. of Cambridge Philosophical Soc.; F.R.S. 4 Jany. 1816, F.G.S. 1816; R. of North Runcton, Norfolk 1819 to death; author of A manual of Electro-Dynamics 1827. d. North Runcton 10 Nov. 1861.

CUMMING, Rev. John. b. parish of Fintray, Aberdeenshire 10 Nov. 1807; ed. at Aberdeen gr. sch. and univ.; M.A. 1827; licensed to preach by Aberdeen presbytery 3 May 1832; minister of National Scottish church, Crown court, Covent Garden, London 18 Aug. 1832 to 21 July 1879, church was rebuilt at cost of £5000, 1847–8; a prominent controversialist; opposed the Free church of Scotland in many pamphlets and lectures; took part in the Maynooth controversy 1845; became widely known by his writings on the interpretations of prophecy; lectured against Bishop Colenso 1863; his letters to the Times signed a ‘Beemaster’ attracted much notice and were the basis of a work called Beekeeping 1864; his admirers raised a sum of £3000 for him 1879 which bought an annuity of £300; author of Lectures for the times, or an exposition of Tridentine and Tractarian Popery 1844; Is Christianity from God? a manual of Christian evidence 1847, 11 ed. 1871; Apocalyptic Sketches 3 series 1848–50; Prophetic studies, or lectures on the book of Daniel 1850; Signs of the times, or present, past and future 1854; The great tribulation, or things coming on the earth 1859; Popular lectures on the Essays and Reviews 1861; The Millenial rest, or the world as it will be 1862; Moses right and Bishop Colenso wrong 1863; Driftwood, seawood and fallen leaves 2 vols. 1863, and more than 90 other books. d. Chiswick 5 July 1881. In memoriam Rev. John Cumming, D.D, printed for private distribution n.d.; Rev. C. M. Davies’s Unorthodox London (1873) 201–17; Westminster Review n.s. viii, 436–62 (1855); Essays by George Eliot (1884) 145–99; Illust. news of the world iii (1859), portrait; Graphic xxiv, 149 (1881), portrait.

CUMMING, Rev. Joseph George (2 son of Joseph Notsall Cumming of Mattock). b. Matlock 15 Feb. 1812; ed. at Oakham gr. sch. and Em. coll. Cam., B.A. 1834, M.A. 1837; C. of North Runcton, Norfolk 1835–38; vice principal of King William’s college, Isle of Man 1841–55; master of Lichfield gr. sch. 1855–58; warden and professor of classical literature and geology in Queen’s college, Birmingham 1858–62; R. of Mellis, Suffolk 1862–67; V. of St. John’s, Bethnal Green, London 1867 to death; F.G.S. 1846; author of The Isle of Man, its history, physical, ecclesiastical, civil and legendary 1848; A chronology of ancient, sacred and profane history 1853; The great Stanley, or James VIIth Earl of Derby 1867. d. St. John’s vicarage, Bethnal Green 21 Sep. 1868. Reg. and mag. of biog. i, 219–20 (1869).

CUMMING, William. b. about 1822; M.R.C.S. 1844, L.S.A. 1847; a surgeon in London; the pioneer of modern ophthalmology; the first to demonstrate that rays of light falling on the human retina might be reflected back to the eye of an observer, this important fact was communicated by him to the Medico-Chirurgical Soc. of London, June 1846 in a paper On a luminous appearance of the human eye. d. 15 Warkworth terrace, Commercial road, London 5 June 1855 aged 33.

CUMMING-BRUCE, Charles Lennox (2 son of Sir Alexander Penrose Cumming-Gordon 1 baronet, who d. 10 Feb. 1806). b. 20 Feb. 1790; ed. at Winchester and C.C. coll. Ox., M.A. 1810; M.P. for Inverness district of burghs 17 May 1833 to 17 July 1837, for Elgin and Nairnshire 25 April 1840 to 11 Nov. 1868; joint sec. of board of control Feb. to Dec. 1852; assumed additional surname of Bruce on his marriage 1820. d. Broom hall near Dunfermline 1 Jany. 1875.

CUMMING-GORDON, Roualeyn George Gordon (2 son of the succeeding). b. Altyre, co. Elgin 15 March 1820; ed. at Eton; cornet Madras cavalry 1838–40; ensign royal Newfoundland companies 3 Nov. 1843; ensign Cape Mounted rifles 23 Feb. 1844 to 22 July 1845 when he sold out; hunted in interior of South Africa 1845–50; exhibited his trophies at Great Exhibition 1851; lectured in London and the provinces 1855–58; kept a museum of his trophies at Fort Augustus on the Caledonian canal 1858 to death; author of Five years of a hunter’s life in the far interior of South Africa 2 vols. 1850 which had an immense success; The lion hunter of South Africa 1856. d. Fort Augustus 24 March 1866. I.L.N. xx, 512 (1852), portrait.

CUMMING-GORDON, Sir William Gordon, 2 Baronet. b. Altyre 20 July 1787; succeeded his father 10 Feb. 1806; M.P. for Elgin district of burghs 23 May 1831 to 3 Dec. 1832. d. Altyre 23 Nov. 1854.

CUNARD, Sir Edward, 2 Baronet (son of the succeeding). b. Halifax, Nova Scotia 1 Jany. 1816; agent of Cunard line of steamers at New York 1835–65; head of firm of Cunard, Burns and Mac Iver 1865 to death. d. suddenly at New York 6 April 1869, personalty sworn under £300,000, 5 June 1869.

CUNARD, Sir Samuel, 1 Baronet (son of Abraham Cunard of Philadelphia, mechanic). b. Halifax, Nova Scotia 21 Nov. 1787; a merchant at Halifax; established with George Burns of Glasgow and David Mac Iver of Liverpool the British and North American Royal mail steam packet company 1838; contracted with the government 4 May 1839 for conveyance of the mails between Liverpool and Halifax, Boston and Quebec for 7 years at £60,000 per annum, the first voyage across the Atlantic was made by the Britannia 4–18 July 1840; F.R.G.S. 1846; created baronet 9 March 1859. d. 26 Prince’s gardens, Kensington, London 28 April 1865, personalty sworn under £350,000, 27 May. W. S. Lindsay’s Merchant Shipping iv, 178–86, 217–20, 226–50 (1876); Fortunes made in business ii, 325–71 (1884); London Society xxxviii, 33–47 (1880).

CUNDY, Thomas (eld. son of Thomas Cundy of London, architect 1765–1825). b. 1790; an architect in London; surveyor to Earl Grosvenor’s London estates Dec. 1825 to death; erected Holy Trinity, Paddington, St. Paul’s, Knightsbridge, and other churches in west end of London. d. Bromley, Kent 15 July 1867.

CUNINGHAM, Alexander (2 son of Charles Cuningham of Newholm, Lanarkshire). b. Edinburgh 1805; ed. at high school and univ. of Edin.; a writer to the signet 1827; joint sec. with his father to comrs. of northern lighthouses 1842, sec. 1846–75; fellow of royal Scottish society of arts before whom he read many papers on subjects connected with lighthouse service. d. Palmerston place, Edinburgh 16 June 1883.

CUNINGHAM, David. Entered Bombay army 1816; brigadier in command at Aden 18 Sep. 1848 to 9 Jany. 1851; col. 1 Bombay light cavalry 19 Oct. 1849 to death; M.G. 28 Nov. 1854. d. Cluny house near Dunkeld 4 Sep. 1861 aged 59.

CUNINGHAM, John (eld. son of John Cuningham of Port Glasgow, merchant). b. Port Glasgow 1782; admitted advocate at Scotch bar 1807; deputy to Lord Advocate Jeffery, Dec. 1830; sheriff of Morayshire 1831; solicitor general for Scotland 22 April 1835; judge of supreme court with courtesy title of Lord Cuningham 9 Feb. 1837 to May 1853 when he resigned. d. 23 Moray place, Edinburgh 26 Oct. 1854. Crombie’s Modern Athenians (1882), 47–48, portrait.

CUNLIFFE, Sir Robert Henry, 4 Baronet (2 son of Sir Foster Cunliffe, 2 baronet 1755–1834). b. Chester 22 April 1785; entered Bengal army 1798; major 1 Bengal N.I. 17 Oct. 1818; col. 4 Bengal N.I. 30 May 1828 to death; knighted by patent 16 Sep. 1829; succeeded 15 June 1834; C.B. 28 July 1838; general 13 Oct. 1857. d. Acton park near Wrexham, Denbighshire 10 Sep. 1859.

CUNNINGHAM, Francis (youngest son of Allan Cunningham the poet 1784–1842). b. 1820; ensign 23 Madras light infantry 1838; field engineer at defence of Jellalabad; Mysore comr. at Bangalore 1850–61; retired with rank of lieut.-col. 31 Dec. 1861; published an edition of Marlowe 1870, of Massinger 1871, and of Ben. Jonson 1871; a frequent contributor to Saturday Review. d. 18 Clarendon road, South Kensington, London 3 Dec. 1875.

CUNNINGHAM, Rev. John William. b. London 3 Jany. 1780; ed. at St. John’s coll. Cam., 5 wrangler 1802, B.A. 1802, M.A. 1805, fellow of his college; C. of Ripley, Surrey 1802; C. of Clapham to 1811; a prominent member of the evangelical party; edited Christian Observer 1850–58; V. of Harrow 1811 to death; author of World without souls 1805, 6 ed. 1816; The Velvet Cushion 1814, 10 ed. 1816; Sancho or the Proverbialist 1817, anon. and other books. d. Harrow 30 Sep. 1861.

CUNNINGHAM, Joseph Davey (eld. son of Allan Cunningham the poet 1784–1842). b. Lambeth 9 June 1812; ed. at Addiscombe and Chatham; sailed for India, Feb. 1834; 2 lieut. Bengal engineers, captain 13 Nov. 1849 to death; lived among the Sikhs as political assistant to col. Wade and other officers 1837–45; political agent at Bhopal 7 March 1846 to 26 Oct. 1849; author of History of the Sikhs 1849. d. suddenly near Umballa, Punjab 28 Feb. 1851. J. D. Cunningham’s History of the Sikhs (1849), preface.

CUNNINGHAM, Peter (brother of the preceding). b. Pimlico, London 7 April 1816; ed. at Christ’s hospital; clerk in Audit office 1834, chief clerk 1854–60; art critic of Pictorial Times; treasurer of Shakespeare Society; author of Songs of England and Scotland 1835; The handbook of Westminster Abbey 1842; The life of Inigo Jones 1848; The handbook of London 2 vols. 1849, 2 ed. 1850; The story of Nell Gwynn 1852; edited many books. d. Ureulam road, St. Albans 18 May 1869. G. Hodder’s Memories of my time (1870) 384–93; I.L.N. xxviii, 205, 206 (1856), portrait.

CUNNINGHAM, Peter Miller (5 son of John Cunningham of Dalswinton near Dumfries, farmer). b. Dalswinton, Nov. 1789; ed. at Univ. of Edin.; assistant surgeon in royal navy 10 Dec. 1810, surgeon 28 Jany. 1814; surgeon superintendent of convict ships, left the sea May 1841; published Two years in New South Wales 2 vols. 1827; On the motions of the earth and on the conceptions, growth and decay of man 1834; Hints for Australian emigrants 1841. d. Greenwich 6 March 1864. Rev. D. Hogg’s Life of Allan Cunningham (1875) 12–14, 360–8.

CUNNINGHAM, Rev. William (eld. son of Charles Cunningham of Hamilton, Lanarkshire, merchant, who d. 1811). b. Hamilton 2 Oct. 1805; ed. at Dunse and Univ. of Edin. 1820–28; assistant minister of Middle church, Greenock 15 Oct. 1830; minister of Trinity college church, Edin. Jany. 1834; D.D. Princeton college, New Jersey 1842; professor of theology in New college, Edin. 1843, professor of church history there 1845 to death, principal June 1847 to death; the ablest defender of Calvinism of his time; edited British and Foreign Evangelical Review Oct. 1855 to Oct. 1860; moderator of general assembly 19 May 1859 to death; the sum of £7000 was presented to him 1859; author of The reformers and the theology of the Reformation 1862; Historical theology, a review of the principal doctrinal discussions in the Christian church from the Apostolic age 1863, 2 ed. 1864; Discussion on church principles, Popish, Erastian, Presbyterian 1863. d. Edinburgh 14 Dec. 1861. Life of W. Cunningham by R. Rainy and J. Mackenzie 1871, portrait; Wylie’s Disruption Worthies (1881) 193–200, portrait; Sermons from 1828 to 1860 by the late W. Cunningham, edited by Rev. J. J. Bonar 1872.

CUNYNGHAME, Sir Arthur Augustus Thurlow (3 son of Sir David Cunynghame, 5 baronet 1769–1854). b. 2 Aug. 1812; 2 lieut. royal rifles 2 Nov. 1830; lieut.-col. 13 foot 3 Nov. 1846; captain Grenadier guards 1 Dec. 1846; lieut.-col. 20 foot 27 April 1849; lieut.-col. 27 foot 2 April 1852 to 16 Dec. 1853 when placed on h.p.; assistant quartermaster general of first division in the Crimea 1854–55; commanded a division of Turkish contingent May 1855; col. of 36 foot 2 Dec. 1868 to 2 Feb. 1876; commanded forces in South Africa 5 Nov. 1873 to 1 March 1878; col. commandant of first battalion royal rifles 2 Feb. 1876 to death; lieut. governor of Cape of Good Hope 5 March 1877 to 1878; general 1 Oct. 1877, placed on retired list 1 July 1881; C.B. 5 July 1855, K.C.B. 2 June 1869, G.C.B. 13 June 1878; author of An Aide-de-camp’s recollections of service in China 2 vols. 1844; A glimpse at the Great Western republic 1851; Travels in the Eastern Caucasus 1872; My command in South Africa 1879. d. on board ship at Aden on his way home from India 10 March 1884. I.L.N. lxxii, 273 (1878), portrait.

CUPPAGE, Sir Burke (son of lieut. gen. Wm. Cuppage, who d. 7 Jany. 1848 aged 87). b. Charlton, Kent 1794; 2 lieut. R.A. 17 Dec. 1812; commanded R.A. in south western district 1857–63; col. commandant 2 Feb. 1868 to death; governor of Jersey 23 Oct. 1863 to 1 Oct. 1868; K.C.B. 29 May 1875. d. 4 Cranley place, Onslow sq. London 19 April 1877.

CURETON, Rev. William (2 son of Wm. Cureton of Westbury, Shropshire). b. Westbury 1808; ed. at Newport and Ch. Ch. Ox., B.A. 1830, M.A. 1833, B.D. and D.D. 1858; chaplain of his college 1831–38; C. of Oddington, Oxon. 1831; sub librarian of Bodleian library, Oxford 1834–37; assistant keeper of MSS. in British Museum 1837–50; F.R.S. 25 Jany. 1838; select preacher at Ox. 1840; chaplain in ord. to the Queen 18 June 1847; canon of Westminster and R. of St. Margaret’s, Westminster 5 Dec. 1849 to death; corresponding member of French Institute 1855, foreign associate 1860; crown trustee of British Museum 1859; chairman of committee of Oriental translation fund 1863; author of Vindiciæ Ignatianæ, the writings of St. Ignatius vindicated from heresy 1846; Corpus Ignatianum 1849; Spicilegium Syriacum with an English translation 1855; Remains of an ancient recension of the Gospels in Syriac 1858. d. Westbury 17 June 1864. The church of England photographic portrait gallery, part 21 (1859), portrait; G.M. xvii, 520–23 (1864); I.L.N. xxiv, 400 (1854) portrait.

CURIE, Paul Francis. M.D. Aberdeen 1815; member of Gallican Society; co-editor of Archives de la médecine homœopathique 1836–37; author of Principles of Homœopathy 1837; Annals of the London homœopathic dispensary 1844; A treatise on cholera, English and Asiatic 1849; Domestic practice of homœopathy 1850. d. 17 Hanover sq. London 5 Oct. 1853.

CURLING, Henry. Ensign 25 foot 25 Oct. 1827 to 20 Aug. 1829 when placed on h.p.; lieut. 91 foot 6 Jany. 1832 to 30 Dec. 1834 when placed on h.p.; retired 1854; author of The soldier of fortune 3 vols. 1843; John of England, a romance 3 vols. 1846; Shakespeare the poet, the lover, the actor 3 vols. 1848; Nonpareil House 3 vols. 1855; Recollections of the mess table and the stage 1855; Camp club in the Crimea 1856; Edith Frankheart or the baronet’s daughter 3 vols. 1857; The Self divorced or the school for wives 2 vols. 1861; Geraldine Maynard 3 vols. 1864 and 12 other books. d. Weardale villas, Earl’s court terrace, Kensington, London 10 Feb. 1864.

CURLING, Thomas Blizard (3 son of Daniel Curling, F.S.A. who d. 1824). b. London, Jany. 1811; M.R.C.S. 1832, F.R.C.S. 1843, mem. of council 1864, pres. 1873; assistant surgeon to London hospital 1834, lecturer on surgery 1846, surgeon 1849 to Aug. 1869; F.R.S. 6 June 1850; pres. of Royal Med. and Chir. Soc. 1871; retired from practice 1879; author of Treatise on Tetanus 1836; Observations on diseases of the Rectum 1851, 4 ed. 1876; Treatise on diseases of the Testis 1873, 4 ed. 1878. d. Cannes 4 March 1888. Medical Circular iii, 439 (1853), portrait; Barker’s Photographs (1865) pp. 131–32, portrait.

CURRAN, William Henry (son of John Philpot Curran 1750–1817, master of the Rolls in Ireland). Called to bar in Ireland 1816; insolvency comr. in Ireland; bencher of King’s Inns, Dublin 1848; author of Life of John Philpot Curran 2 vols. 1819; Sketches of the Irish bar, with essays 2 vols. 1855. d. 9 Fitzwilliam place, Dublin 25 Aug. 1858 in 69 year.

CURRER, Frances Mary Richardson (only child of Rev. Henry Richardson 1758–84, R. of Thornton in Craven, who took name of Currer, June 1784). b. Eshton hall near Skipton on Craven 3 March 1785; the greatest female book collector in Europe, principal part of her library of 20,000 vols. was sold at Sotheby’s for nearly £6000, Aug. 1862; privately printed Catalogue of the library of Miss Currer at Eshton hall by Robert Triphook 1820, 2 ed. by C. J. Stewart 1833; Extracts from the literary and scientific correspondence of Richard Richardson, M.D., F.R.S. of Bierley, Yorkshire 1835. d. Eshton hall 28 April 1861. Nichols’s Illustrations i, 225–52 (1817); T. F. Dibdin’s Reminiscences of a literary life ii, 949–57 (1836); T. F. Dibdin’s Bibliographical tour ii, 1081–90 (1838).

CURREY, Frederick (son of Benjamin Currey, clerk of the Parliaments). b. Norwood, Surrey 19 Aug. 1819; ed. at Eton and Trin. coll. Cam., B.A. 1841, M.A. 1844; barrister L.I. 7 May 1844; F.L.S., sec. 1860–80, vice pres. and treasurer 1880 to death; F.R.S. 3 June 1858, member of council; his collection of fungi is now in the Kew Herbarium, the genus of fungi, Curreya, was founded by Saccardo as a momento of Currey; edited The natural history review 1861 etc.; translated Hofmeister’s On the germination of the higher Cryptogamia 1862; edited C. D. Badham’s Esculent funguses 1863. d. 2 Vanbrugh park road, Blackheath 8 Sep. 1881. Journal of botany n.s. x, 310–12 (1881).

CURREY, Rev. George (son of Rev. James Currey, preacher of the Charterhouse, London). b. Charterhouse sq. London 7 April 1816; ed. at Charterhouse and St. John’s coll. Cam., scholar 1834, Bell’s Univ. scholar 1835, 14 wrangler 1838, B.A. 1838, M.A. 1841, B.D. 1850, D.D. 1864; fellow of his college 1839, lecturer 1840, tutor 1844, Hulsean lecturer 1851 and 1852; preacher of the Charterhouse 1849–71, master 17 Jany. 1871 to death; preb. of St. Paul’s 1872; published Hulsean Lectures 1851–52; edited Tertulliani libri tres De Spectaculis 1854; author of An English grammar 1856; a commentary on Ezekiel in the Speaker’s Commentary and Commentaries on Ecclesiastes and Revelations in the S.P.C.K. Commentary. d. The master’s lodge, Charterhouse 30 April 1885. I.L.N. lxxxvi, 583 (1885), portrait.

CURRIE, Augustus Arthur (4 son of John Currie 1797–1873). b. 21 Jany. 1831; ensign 45 Bengal N.I. 20 Oct. 1849; major Bengal staff corps 1869, lieut.-col. 2 March 1875 to 31 Dec. 1880 when he retired on full pay with hon. rank of M.G.; C.B. 19 Nov. 1879. d. St. Leonard’s 23 May 1884.

CURRIE, Claud. Entered medical service of Madras army 1806; inspector general of hospitals 31 Jany. 1846, phys. general 19 Aug. 1846 to 31 Jany. 1851. d. 3 Westbourne terrace, London 8 Aug. 1854 aged 65.

CURRIE, Sir Frederick, 1 Baronet (3 son of Mark Currie of Cobham, Surrey). b. 3 Feb. 1799; ed. at Charterhouse and Haileybury; entered Bengal civil service 1817; judge of court of Sudder Adawlut of the north western provinces 1840–42; one of secs. of government of India 1842–49; chief sec. to Lord Hardinge during campaign of 1845–46; created baronet 11 Jany. 1847; a member of supreme council of India 1 April 1847 to 14 Jany. 1848, an ordinary member of council 12 March 1849 to 1853 when he retired on the annuity fund; a director of East India Co. April 1854, chairman 1857–58 being the last chairman; one of the 6 members of first council of sec. of state for India elected by the E.I. company; vice pres. of council of India 21 Sep. 1858. d. St. Leonard’s 10 Sep. 1875. I.L.N. lxviii, 295, 434 (1875).

CURRIE, Henry. b. Westminster 1798; ed. at Eton; member of firm of Glyn and Co. bankers, London; M.P. for Guildford 29 July 1847 to 1 July 1852. d. West Horsley place near Guildford 26 May 1873.

CURRIE, John. b. 28 May 1797; M.P. for Hertford 30 April 1831 to 3 Dec. 1832. d. Queen’s sq. Bath 19 May 1873.

CURRIE, Mark John. b. London 21 June 1795; entered navy 29 April 1808; captain 23 Nov. 1841; V.A. on half pay 24 May 1867. d. Collington house, Thicket road, Anerley 1 May 1874.

CURRIE, Raikes. b. 15 April 1801; member of firm of Glyn and Co. bankers, London; M.P. for Northampton 26 July 1837 to 21 March 1857. d. Minley manor, Farnborough, Hants. 16 Oct. 1881, personalty sworn under £280,000, 17 Dec. 1881.

CURRIE, Sir Walter. b. 1819; commandant of armed mounted police at Cape of Good Hope 1855 to death; knighted by patent 24 May 1860. d. 7 June 1872.

CURRY, Richard (son of Thomas Curry of Gosport, Hants.) b. 1772; entered navy 22 March 1780; captain 7 Jany. 1802, R.A. 10 Jany. 1837, V.A. 9 Nov. 1846; admiral on h.p. 1 July 1851; C.B. 26 Sep. 1831. d. Stoke, Devonport 27 Dec. 1855.

CURSETJEE, Ardaseer. b. Bombay 6 Oct. 1808; in charge of shipbuilding yard at Mazagon 1828, assistant builder there 1833; introduced gas lighting into Bombay 1835, sewing machines, photography and electroplating; chief engineer at Bombay steam factory, July 1840 to July 1858 being the first Indian native placed over Europeans; A.I.C.E. 24 March 1840; F.R.S. 27 May 1841. d. Lowjee house, Marsh Gate, Richmond, Surrey 16 Nov. 1877. Min. of proc. of Instit. of C.E. li, 271–4 (1878).

CURSHAM, Mary Ann. Resided at Sutton, Notts; author of Emanuel Swedenborg and other poems by M. A. C.; Martin Luther a poem by M. A. C. 1828; Norman Abbey a tale of Sherwood forest, by a Lady 1832; Poems, sacred, dramatic and lyric 1833; The infant’s decalogue or a metrical version of the ten commandments by M. A. C. 1836. d. 1 North bank, Derby 17 Dec. 1881.

CURTEIS, Sir Thomas Isaac Horsley (son of John Curteis of Norfolk). b. 1780; Exon of Yeomen of the Guard 31 May 1805 to May 1839; knighted at St. James’s palace 27 June 1833. d. Twyford, Norfolk 26 Dec. 1858.

CURTIS, Charles Berwick (youngest son of Sir Wm. Curtis, 1 baronet 1752–1829). b. Culland’s grove, Southgate 18 March 1795; ed. at Harrow; gunpowder manufacturer with Thomas Curtis and W. G. Harvey near Hounslow 1820–69; at time of his death the firm owned six factories in Middlesex, Kent, South Wales and Argyleshire; A.I.C.E. 1 March 1842; invented a self acting signal for railways 1842 which was used for some time. d. 105 Eaton sq. London 26 Oct. 1876.

CURTIS, James Gray William. Entered Bengal army 1826; captain 37 Bengal N.I. 13 Jany. 1842 to 8 Dec. 1850; deputy assistant commissary general 27 March 1849 to 8 Dec. 1850; C.B. 9 June 1849; retired colonel 28 Nov. 1854. d. Oaklands, Shepherd’s Bush, London 16 Nov. 1870.

CURTIS, John. b. Norwich 3 Dec. 1791; F.L.S. 1822; made entomological tours in Scotland 1825, France 1829, Italy 1843, 1850 and 1851; entomological editor of Gardener’s Mag. 1841–47; granted civil list pension of £100, 25 Nov. 1842 and another of £50, 19 April 1861; published British entomology illustrated with 770 plates, 16 vols. which came out in numbers 1 Jany. 1824 to 1 Dec. 1839; A guide to an arrangement of British insects 1829, 2 ed. 1837. d. Belitha villas, Barnsbury park, London 6 Oct. 1862. Proc. of Linnæan Soc. (1863) 35–41.

CURTIS, John Charles. Principal of the British and Foreign School society’s training college, Borough road, London many years before his death; author of A School and college history of England 1860; Chronological and genealogical tables of English history 1863; An English grammar for schools 1876 and many other school books. d. 24 Villa road, Brixton 10 May 1888 aged 61.

CURTIS, John Harrison. A dispenser in the navy and at Haslar hospital; lived at 18 Soho sq. London and advertised himself in the newspapers and by pamphlets as an aural surgeon 1815; founded Royal dispensary for diseases of the Ear, Carlisle st. Soho 1816; employed Hume Weatherhead and other persons to write his books; made £5000 a year for many years; had a tube from his consulting room to his waiting room by which he could hear what the patients said of themselves; always received his patients in full dress of time of George iv; gambled away his earnings at Junior United Service Club; retired to Isle of Man 1848 where he became insane; published A treatise on the physiology and diseases of the ear 1817, 5 ed. 1831; An essay on the deaf and dumb 1829; A treatise on the physiology and diseases of the eye 1833; Observations on the preservation of hearing and on hearing trumpets 1834, 11 ed. 1839; On the Cephaloscope and its uses 1842; Advice to the deaf 1841, 5 ed. 1845 and other works. d. in an asylum in the Isle of Man about 1860. J. F. Clarke’s Autobiographical recollections of the medical profession (1874) 358–73.

CURTIS, Sir Lucius, 2 Baronet (son of admiral Sir Roger Curtis, K.C.B. 1 baronet 1746–1816). b. 3 June 1786; entered navy 2 June 1795; captain 22 Jany. 1806; R.A. 28 June 1838; admiral superintendent at Malta 8 March 1843 to 8 March 1848, admiral 9 July 1855; succeeded 14 Nov. 1816; C.B. 4 June 1815, K.C.B. 10 Nov. 1862. d. Portsdown hill near Portsmouth 14 Jany. 1869. Reg. and Mag. of Biog. i, 201, 355 (1869).

CURTIS, Matthew. Machine maker at Manchester, employing 1000 persons, his cotton machinery was sent all over the world; elected a member of the first town council of Manchester after the charter was granted in 1839; mayor of Manchester 1860–1 and 1875–6. d. Manchester 9 June 1887.

CURTIS, Samuel. b. Walworth, London 1779; nurseryman in Essex; proprietor of Botanical Mag. 1801–46; F.L.S. 20 Nov. 1810; built a house called La Chaise at Rozel in Jersey, where he d. 6 Jany. 1860. Proc. of Linnæan Soc. (1860) p. 22.

CURTIS, Rev. Thomas. b. England about 1780; publisher in London; published the Encyclopædia Metropolitana 59 parts 1817–45; went to the United States 1829; pastor of Baptist church in Wentworth st. Charleston some years; established a young ladies school at Limestone Spring; a very powerful preacher. d. in a burning steamer on the Potomac river 1858.

CURTIS, Rev. Thomas F. (son of the preceding). b. England 26 Sep. 1815; pastor of a baptist church near Boston, U.S.; professor of theology in Lewisbury Univ. Panama to 1865; lived at Cambridge, Mass. 1867 to death; author of Progress of Baptist principles in the last hundred years 1857; The human element in the inspiration of the Sacred Scriptures 1867 in which he repudiated inspiration and authenticity of much of the Old Testament and part of the New. d. Cambridge 9 Aug. 1872.

CURTIS, William Frederick (eld. child of Timothy Abraham Curtis 1786–1857, governor of Bank of England 1838). b. 4 May 1810; cornet 1 Bombay light cavalry 26 July 1833; deputy judge advocate general 17 July 1851 to 12 Jany. 1857; lieut.-col. 21 hussars 4 April 1860 to 4 March 1868 when placed on h.p.; placed on retired list 4 May 1880; L.G. 8 May 1881. d. Upper Norwood, Surrey 2 Sep. 1882.

CURWEN, Rev. John (eld. son of Rev. Spedding Curwen 1790–1856, Independent minister). b. Hurst house, Heckmondwike, Yorkshire 14 Nov. 1816; assistant pastor independent chapel, Basingstoke 1838; co-pastor at Stowmarket, Suffolk 1841; pastor at Plaistow, Essex 1844–64; invented the ‘Look and say’ method of learning to read 1839; advocated Tonic Sol-fa system of teaching music in a series of articles in Independent Mag. 1842, lectured on the system 1853–56; started The Tonic Sol-fa Reporter 1853; sided ardently with the North on outbreak of American civil war 1861, published various tracts on the subject and organised the first Freed slaves aid society in England; Euing lecturer at Anderson’s college, Glasgow 1866–1867; member of West Ham school board 1871–73; founded Tonic Sol-fa college at Forest Gate, Essex, incorporated 1875, opened 1879 where there is a portrait of him; author of Singing for schools and congregations, a grammar of vocal music 1848; Pupils’ manual of the Tonic Sol-fa method of singing 1852; Peoples service of song 1863. d. Heaton house, Heaton Mersey, Lancs. 26 May 1880. bur. Ilford cemetery 3 June. Memorials of John Curwen (1882), portrait; Grove’s Dict. of Music iv, 144–50 (1884).

CURZON, Edward. b. 9 Dec. 1789; entered navy 7 Nov. 1804; captain 8 Feb. 1823; captain of the Asia 84 guns 1826–28; retired V.A. 5 Jany. 1858; C.B. 18 Nov. 1827. d. St. Anne’s, Derby 7 March 1862.

CURZON, Edward Cecil (younger son of the succeeding). b. 8 Nov. 1812; ed. at Harrow and Ch. Ch. Ox., B.A. 1834, M.A. 1840; barrister L.I. 7 May 1840; registrar of copyright of designs 1842–63; registrar of joint stock companies 1863–76. d. Scarsdale house, Wright’s lane, Kensington, London 12 Feb. 1885.

CURZON, Robert (2 son of 1 Viscount Curzon 1733–1820). b. 13 Feb. 1774; ed. at Westminster and Ch. Ch. Ox., B.A. 1795; M.P. for Clitheroe, Lancs. 1 June 1796 to 23 April 1831. d. Parham park near Steyning, Sussex 14 May 1863.

CUSACK, James William (3 son of Athanasius Cusack of Laragh house, co. Kildare 1749–1813). b. 1788; ed. at Trin. coll. Dublin; M.R.C.S. 1812; resident surgeon in Steevens’ hospital, Dublin 1812, visiting surgeon to 1857; surgeon to Swift’s hospital for the insane; an original projector of Park st. school of medicine; M.D. Dublin 1850; professor of surgery in Univ. of Dublin 1852 to death; surgeon in ord. to Queen in Ireland, July 1858 to death; sec. to Royal college of surgeons Ireland long time, pres. 3 times; famous as a lithotomist. d. 7 Merrion sq. north Dublin 25 Sep. 1861 in 74 year. Dublin Quarterly Journal of medical science xxxiii, 255–58 (1862).

CUSHMAN, Susan Webb (dau. of Elkanah Cushman of Boston, U.S. merchant). b. Boston 17 March 1822; made her début 8 June 1839 at Park theatre, New York as Laura Castelli in Epes Sargent’s play The Genoese; made a remarkable success in Satan in Paris; came to England 1846; played Ophelia and Juliet (200 nights) at Haymarket theatre, London with great success 1846; retired from the stage 1847. (m. 22 March 1848 James Sheridan Muspratt of Liverpool, chemist 1821–71). d. Liverpool 10 May 1859. Tallis’s Drawing room table book, part 8, portrait; Ireland’s New York Stage ii, 271 (1867).

CUST, Charles Henry (2 son of 1 Earl Brownlow 1779–1853). b. 27 Sep. 1813; ed. at Ch. Ch. Ox., B.A. 1836; cornet royal horse guards 14 March 1834, captain 4 July 1845 to 1847 when he sold out; sheriff of Northamptonshire 1859; M.P. for North Shropshire 13 July 1865 to Aug. 1866. d. 19 May 1875.

CUST, Sir Edward, 1 Baronet (youngest son of 1 Baron Brownlow 1744–1807). b. 30 Hill st. Berkeley sq. London 17 March 1794; ed. at Eton and Sandhurst; cornet 16 dragoons 15 March 1810; major 55 foot 24 Oct. 1821 to 27 July 1822 when placed on h.p.; M.P. for Grantham 1818–26, for Lostwithiel 1826–32; equerry to Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg for many years from 1816, master of his household to 1865; knighted at St. James’s palace 3 Aug. 1831; K.C.H. 1831; assistant master of ceremonies to the Queen 18 Dec. 1845, master 1 Jany. 1847 to Feb. 1876; colonel 16 lancers 9 April 1859 to death; general 12 Jany. 1866; created baronet 23 Feb. 1876; author of Noctes Dominicæ, or Sunday night readings 1848; Family reading, The New Testament narrative 1850; Annals of the wars of the eighteenth century 5 vols. 1857, 3 ed. 1862; Annals of the wars of the nineteenth century 4 vols. 1862–63; Warriors of the thirty years war 2 vols. 1865; Warriors of the civil wars of France and England 3 vols. 1867–69. d. 8 Jermyn st. Piccadilly, London 14 Jany. 1878. bur. at Belton near Grantham.

CUST, Henry Francis Cockayne (eld. son of hon. and Rev. Henry Cockayne Cust 1780–1861, canon of Windsor). b. Cockayne, Hatley, Beds. 15 Sep. 1819; ed. at Eton; ensign 25 foot 30 March 1838; captain 8 hussars 19 Feb. 1847 to 24 Feb. 1854 when he sold out; private sec. to Earl of Eglinton while lord lieut. of Ireland 1852; assumed additional name of Cockayne 14 Dec. 1861; sheriff of Beds. 1869; M.P. for Grantham 1874–80. d. 5 April 1884.

CUST, Peregrine Francis (5 son of 1 Baron Brownlow 1744–1807). b. 13 Aug. 1791; M.P. for Honiton 1818–26; M.P. for Clitheroe 1826–32. d. 15 Sep. 1873.

CUSTANCE, William Neville (2 son of Hambleton Thomas Custance of Weston house near Norwich 1779–1845). b. 24 Oct. 1811; ensign 95 foot 11 Oct. 1831; lieut.-col. 6 dragoon guards 1 Aug. 1856 to 27 July 1861 when placed on h.p.; commandant cavalry depot, Canterbury 1 Oct. 1862 to 9 July 1866 when placed on h.p.; col. 11 Hussars 8 March 1875 to death; general 7 Sep. 1880; placed on retired list 1 July 1881; C.B. 21 Jany. 1858. d. Brookheath, Salisbury 7 Feb. 1886.

CUTTS, Maria. b. Loughborough, Leics. 1811; entered novitiate of Society of the Sacred Heart in Paris 1828; a professed nun 1836; superior of the convent at Grand Coteau, St. Landry parish, Mississippi; superior of all the convents of her order in the west of the United States. d. Grand Coteau 1853.

CUYLER, Jacob Glen. Ensign 69 foot 26 Oct. 1799; major Cape Regiment 26 Jany. 1806 to 25 May 1817 when placed on h.p.; L.G. 11 Nov. 1851. d. 14 April 1854.

CYPLES, William. b. Longton, Staffs. 31 Aug. 1831; edited several provincial newspapers; contributed to many leading periodicals; lived at Nottingham long time, lived in London 1877 to death; author of Pottery Poems; Satan restored, a poem 1859; Philip the Dreamer 3 vols. 1866; An inquiry into the process of human experience 1880; Hearts of gold 1883. d. Hammersmith 24 Aug. 1882. Church quarterly review xiii, 107–28 (1881); Mind v, 273, 390 (1880), viii, 150 (1882).