Transcriber’s note

• Obvious printer errors have been silently corrected.
• Original spelling was kept, but variant spellings were made consistent when a predominant usage was found.
• Errata and Notes on illustrations have been inserted into their proper places in the text.
• To aid referencing places and names in present-day maps and documents, outdated and current spellings of some proper names follow:

  Albaracin,	now Albarracín,
  Albondonates,	now Algodonales,
  Albuquerque,	now Alburquerque,
  Alcanizas,	now Alcañices,
  Alemtejo,	now Alentejo,
  Almanza,	now Almansa,
  Almunecar,	now Almuñecar,
  Araçena,	now Aracena,
  Arzobispo,	now El Puente del Arzobispo,
  Baccelar (Manuel),	now Manuel Pinto de Morais Bacelar,
  Ballasteros,	now Ballesteros,
  Barcellos,	now Barcelos,
  Baylen,	now Bailén,
  Boçaco,	now Buçaco,
  Bussaco,	now Buçaco,
  Cacabellos,	now Cacabelos,
  Caçeres,	now Cáceres,
  Calandriz,	now Calhandriz,
  Campredon,	now Camprodón,
  Cardadeu,	now Cardedeu,
  Compostella,	now Compostela,
  Cordova,	now Córdoba,
  Corunna,	now La Coruña,
  Dao,	now Dão,
  Daymiel,	now Daimiel,
  Deleytosa,	now Deleitosa,
  Despeña-Perros,	now Despeñaperros,
  Douro,	now Duero (in Spain), and Douro (in Portugal),
  El Moral,	now Moral de Calatrava,
  Estremadura,	now Extremadura (for Spain), and Estremadura (for Portugal),
  Golegão,	now Golegã,
  Guadalaviar (river),	now Turia (río),
  Guimaraens,	now Guimarães,
  La Baneza,	now La Bañeza
  La Bispal,	now La Bisbal,
  Loxa,	now Loja,
  Majorca,	now Mallorca,
  Meza,	now Mesas de Ibor,
  Momblanch,	now Montblanch,
  Nabao (river),	now Nabão (río),
  Ona (river),	now Güeña (río),
  Oña (river),	now Oñar (río),
  Palleresa,	now Pallaresa,
  Pampeluna,	now Pamplona,
  Ripol,	now Ripoll,
  Sabugoça,	now Sabugosa,
  Santona,	now Santoña,
  Saragossa,	now Zaragoza,
  Senabria,	now Sanabria,
  Tagus (river),	now Tajo (Spanish), Tejo (Portuguese),
  Tajuna,	now Tajuña,
  Tondella,	now Tondela,
  Truxillo,	now Trujillo,
  Vierzo,	now El Bierzo,
  Villaharta,	now Villarta de San Juan,
  Vincente,	now Vicente,
  Vittoria,	now Vitoria,
  Xeres,	now Jerez,

• Chapter headers and Table of contents have been made consistent.
• Footnotes have been renumbered and moved to the end of the book.
• In some devices page display may need to be rotated in order to see tables in their full width.
• In p. 49, the anchor placement for footnote [52] is conjectured; no anchor was found in the printed original.
• In pp. 202, 357, 398 and 428, paragraphs have been broken at “(1)” for a more natural presentation and an easier reading.