Historical Sketches.

Ecclesiastical matters: particulars concerning, 197 et seq.

Effect of Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel’s tyranny in blending the Dutch and French sections of the community, 249

Elberts, Jan: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230

Elberts, Nicolaas: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230

Elsevier, Samuel, the secunde: is in illegal possession of a tract of land near Klapmuts, 216; is charged by the burghers with carrying on farming and neglecting his duty, 222; is dismissed from office by the directors, and in April 1708 leaves the colony, 247

Expedition to Natal in 1705: account of, 202

Extent of the Cape settlement when Simon van der Stel becomes commander, 177

Fouché, Professor Leo: copies and publishes portions of the journal of Adam Tas, 183

French Hoek: is settled under Simon van der Stel’s supervision, 177

French language in South Africa: particulars concerning, 198

Goodwin, Vaughan, an Englishman: in 1705 is found living at Port Natal, 202

Grazing farms: occupation of, 193

Grevenbroek, Jan Willem: mention of, 218

van der Heiden, Jacobus: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 226

van der Heiden and Tas’s Contra Deductie: references to, 210, 218, 219, and 248

Hertog, Jan, the Company’s master gardener: is in charge of Vergelegen, 210

Hottentots: particulars concerning, 195 and 221; trade with by colonists is prohibited from 1658 to 1699, 191; is then thrown open by the directors, 192; but in 1703 is again forbidden, 196

Huguenot settlers: are sent out in small numbers until 1700, when the directors resolve not to send any more, 184

Huguenots: are in a difficult position in the countries that shelter them, 184

Synoptical Index.

Huising, Henning: in 1700 enters into the first contract to supply meat to the East India Company, 192; treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 226; is well treated by the directors, 246; further mention of, 247

Inducements to migrate to South Africa at the beginning of the eighteenth century, 185

Islands of Dina and Marseveen: search for, 188

Kalden, Rev. Petrus, clergyman of Capetown: is in possession of a farm, 216; is charged by the burghers with spending too much time on it and neglecting his duty, 222; is recalled by the directors, and in April 1708 leaves the colony, 247

Kolbe’s Caput Bonæ Spei: reference to, 173

van Loon, Rev. Hercules: in April 1700 becomes clergyman of Stellenbosch, 197; in June 1704 commits suicide, 199

Louw, Jacob: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 229 and 242

Marauding band of Europeans and Hottentots: account of, 200

Mauritius, island of: is uninhabited when the Dutch East India Company sends a small party of men to take possession of it, 171

van Meerland, Jan: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 226

Meresteyn, the: in April 1702 is wrecked on Jutten Island, when many lives are lost, 200

Meyboom, Nicolaas: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 227

Meyer, Pierre: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 229

Natal: in 1705 an expedition is sent to, 201

Newlands garden: in 1700 is planted by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 191

van Niekerk, Cornelis: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230

Obiqua mountains: reason for being so called, 189

Historical Sketches.

du Pré, Hercules: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230, 232, and 242

Pretorius, Wessel: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 226

van Rheede, Hendrik Adriaan, lord of Mydrecht: is sent out by the directors with all the powers of a dictator to correct abuses in Hindostan and Ceylon, and has supreme authority conferred upon him while at the Cape, 177; from the 19th of April to the 16th of July 1685 he is in Capetown, 178; and three days before he leaves makes a grant to Commander Simon van der Stel of the farm Constantia at Wynberg as a reward for his good conduct, 179

Roman Catholics: position of in the Cape Colony under the Dutch government, 182

Rotterdam, Jan: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 226; account of his return from banishment, 233

Saar’s Account of Ceylon: extract from, 174

de Savoye, Jacob: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 229

Scarcity of timber and fuel at the Cape in 1699: mention of, 187

Seasons, the: from 1698 to 1705 are unfavourable for farming, 204

Sheep’s wool: efforts to produce in South Africa in the beginning of the eighteenth century, 203

Silk: experiment in the production of, 204

Slaves: are being introduced from Madagascar and Mozambique, 205

Spoelstra’s Bouwstoffen voor de Geschiedenis der Nederduitsch-Gereformeerde Kerken in Zuid Afrika: reference to, 217

van Staden, Martin: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230

Starrenburg, Jan, landdrost of Stellenbosch: conduct of, 224; by order of the directors he is dismissed from office and sent out of the colony, 243

van der Stel, Adriaan: in 1623 goes to India in the service of the Dutch East India Company, 171; in 1638 becomes commander of the island of Mauritius, ib.; becomes next a military commander, and in that capacity is sent to Ceylon, 172; on the 19th of May 1646 falls in battle with a Cingalese army, when nearly his whole force is destroyed, 173

Synoptical Index.

van der Stel, Frans, farmer at the Cape and younger brother of the governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel: makes himself greatly disliked by the burghers, 217; is required by the directors to leave the colony, and in April 1708 embarks for Europe, 248

van der Stel, Simon: on the 14th of November 1639 is born at Mauritius, 172; at a very early age is sent to Amsterdam to be educated, 175; is regarded as their protégé by the directors of the East India Company, ib.; when grown up marries and becomes the father of six children, ib.; in 1679 is offered the situation of commander of the Cape settlement, which he gladly accepts, and in October of that year assumes the duty, 176; like all the chief officials he is prohibited from carrying on farming operations or speculating in cattle, ib.; he must be regarded as a model ruler, 177; in 1691 he is promoted to be governor, and in 1692 to be councillor extraordinary of Netherlands India, 179; in February 1699 retires from office, and is succeeded by his eldest son, 180; on the 24th of June 1712 dies at Constantia, ib.

van der Stel, Willem Adriaan: in February 1699 succeeds his father as governor of the Cape Colony and councillor extraordinary of Netherlands India, 180; has previously held various situations in the colony, 187; in November 1699 sets out on a tour of inspection of the settlement, 188; makes large profits by dealing in wine, 207; in February 1700 obtains an illegal grant of four hundred morgen of ground at Hottentots-Holland from the Commissioner Wouter Valckenier, 208; which farm he names Vergelegen, 210; and immediately begins to build upon and cultivate it, ib.; using the Company’s materials and servants for the purpose, ib.; until it becomes the most highly tilled ground in the colony, 211; beyond the mountains he holds an immense tract of country, on which he keeps a great number of horned cattle and sheep, 212; the utmost care is taken that no information of these matters reaches the directors, ib.; on the 15th of March 1701 the directors instruct him to be on guard, as war with France is imminent, ib.; which order he disobeys by frequent and long absence at Vergelegen, 215; in 1705 some of the farmers send a complaint against him to the Indian authorities, 219; which is sent back to him for explanation, 220; on receiving it he immediately concludes that similar charges will be sent to the directors and that his farming operations will become known to them, 223; to prevent this, if possible, he resorts to the most arbitrary and violent measures, 224; at this very time a commission in Amsterdam is making inquiry into his conduct, 234; and a committee appointed by the directors is devising measures for the security of the Cape settlement in case Vergelegen should not be a myth, 235; the commission of inquiry investigates the matter very thoroughly, and sends in a report, 237; in accordance with which the directors issue orders for the immediate recall of the governor and the other unworthy officials, 241; in April 1708 he leaves the colony, 247; after his dismissal from the Company’s service he publishes the Korte Deductie, as the best excuse he can make for his conduct, 248; he purchases an estate in the Netherlands, and in July 1723 dies there, 250

Historical Sketches.

van der Stel’s Korte Deductie: references to, 210, 211, 212, 214, and 248

Stellenbosch: is founded under Simon van der Stel’s supervision, 177; defiant conduct of the residents, 231

System of the Dutch East India Company of paying its officials: is a very bad one, 176

Tas, Adam: draws up a memorial to the directors, complaining of the governor, 220; is illegally arrested and committed to prison, 225; further particulars of the treatment accorded to him, 229 and 242; journal of, 183

Text of the orders of the directors of the 26th of April 1668 prohibiting the high officials in the settlement from farming land or dealing in cattle, 179

Text of the order of the directors of the 27th of June 1699 again prohibiting the chief officials from trading in cattle, 192

Text of the resolution of the directors on the 22nd of June 1700 concerning emigrants, 185

Text of the instructions of the directors to the governor on the 15th of March 1701 to be on his guard against an attack by the French, 213

Text of the orders of the directors on the 28th of October 1705 reiterating their previous commands that the officials should not traffic in cattle, 210

Text of the resolution of the assembly of seventeen on the 8th of March 1706, 235

Theal’s Abstract of the Debates and Resolutions of the Council of Policy at the Cape from 1651 to 1687: reference to, 187

Theal’s Belangrijke Historische Dokumenten over Zuid Afrika: references to, 174, 178, 180, 185, 235, 237, 239, and 250

Timber and fuel: scarcity of in 1699 at the Cape, 187

du Toit, François: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230

Synoptical Index.

du Toit, Guillaume: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230, 232, and 242

Traffic of any kind in cattle is prohibited on the 27th of June 1699 to the chief officials in the colony, 185

Training of the colonists, 193

Treaty of Utrecht: reference to, 213

Tulbagh Basin: in November 1699 is inspected by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 189; description of the basin, ib.; receives from the governor the name Land of Waveren, 190; in 1700 begins to be occupied, ib.

Valckenier, Wouter: when returning from India to Holland acts as a commissioner at the Cape, 208; and illegally makes a grant of land to the governor, 209; is a member of the commission that condemns the governor for having obtained Vergelegen in an improper manner, 239

Valentijn’s Oud en Nieuw Oost Indien: reference to, 173

Vergelegen: is illegally obtained by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 209; the ground is resumed by the East India Company, 244; is divided into four farms, which are sold separately, 247

War of the Spanish Succession: reference to, 213

Waveren outstation: in 1700 is formed, 190

van der Westhuizen, Nicolaas: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 227

Witsenberg: is so named in honour of Nicolaas Witsen, of Amsterdam, 190

Wool; see Sheep’s wool

Wynoch, Christiaan: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 227

van Zyl, Willem: treatment of by Governor Willem Adriaan van der Stel, 230

SKETCH IV.

Albany: settlement of the district of, 255

Barbarians: effect of the influx into the Cape Colony of, 258

Battle in which the army of Natal under English chiefs is almost annihilated, 291

Historical Sketches.

Betshuana refugees: can give very little information upon the interior of the country, 265

Betshuana tribes: destruction of in the wars of Moselekatse, 258

Bird’s Annals of Natal: reference to, 293

du Buis, Coenraad, a notorious freebooter: account of, 270

Cape Colony: extent of in 1835, 255

Causes of the great emigration from the Cape Colony: as given by Louis Triegard, 273; as given by Pieter Uys, 281

Chase’s Natal Papers: reference to, 281

Destruction of human life in the wars of Tshaka and Moselekatse: leaves great tracts of land without inhabitants, 262

Discontent in South Africa in and before 1835: causes of, 257

D’Urban, Sir Benjamin, governor of the Cape Colony: the confidential correspondence of is presented by his grandson to the Union government, 259

Dutch and English colonists: difference in disposition of, 255

Dutch language: the suppression of in the public offices and in the courts of law is felt as a grievance by the old colonists, 258

English and Dutch colonists: difference in disposition of, 255

Englishmen: in 1835 some forty are living in Natal, 263; list of their names, 264; in June 1835 fourteen of them send a petition that the territory may be annexed by Great Britain, ib.; in March 1836 Lord Glenelg replies refusing to annex Natal, ib.

Fingoes, the: are brought by Sir Benjamin D’Urban from Kaffirland and located in Peddie, 260

Futu, Bantu chief: particulars concerning, 264

Gardiner’s Narrative of a Journey to the Zoolu Country in South Africa: reference to, 264

Geslacht Register de Oude Kaapsche Familien: reference to, 278

Glenelg, Lord, secretary of state for the colonies: maintains that the colonists are to blame for the Kaffir war of 1835, and abandons the Province of Queen Adelaide, 262

Glenelg system of dealing with the Kaffirs: particulars concerning, 262

Grahamstown: description of, 257

Synoptical Index.

Hottentots: injudicious treatment of, 257

Influx of barbarians into the Cape Colony: effect of, 258

Invasion of the Cape Colony by the Xosas in December 1834: particulars concerning, 260

Isaacs’ Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa, with a Sketch of Natal: reference to, 264

Jacobs, Pieter: is leader of the fifth party of emigrants from the Cape Colony, 277

Jalusa, a Xosa robber captain: moves to the country north of the Orange river, 267; in September 1836 his entire band is exterminated by the Basuto, ib.

Kaffir War of 1835: origin of the volume so called, 259; reference to, 279

Land tenure: the new system is not appreciated at first by the cattle farmers, 258

Maritz, Gerrit Marthinus: is leader of the third party of emigrants from the Cape Colony, 275

Matiwane, chief of the Amangwane: drives a section of the Tembu tribe into the Cape Colony, 258

Missionary and philanthropic press: tone of, 259

Moselekatse: effect of the wars of, 258

Natal: description of, 263; number of Bantu residing in 1835, 264; condition of the emigrant farmers in after the massacres by the Zulus, 290

Potgieter, Andries Hendrik: is leader of the second party of emigrants from the Cape Colony, 275; after the massacres by the Zulus goes with his men to the assistance of the distressed people in Natal, 290; with Pieter Uys marches into Zululand to attack Dingan, 292; on the 11th of April 1838 encounters a great Zulu army, and is compelled to retire, ib.; shortly afterwards leaves Natal and returns to Winburg, 294

Preller’s Piet Retief, Lewenskets van die Grote Voortrekker: reference to, 288

Province of Queen Adelaide: is created by Sir Benjamin D’Urban, 260; is abandoned by Lord Glenelg, 262

Historical Sketches.

van Rensburg, Jan: is leader of a small party of emigrants from the Cape Colony, 268; in July 1833 leaves Louis Triegard’s party at the Zoutpansberg to open up a road to Delagoa Bay, 269; and with every individual in his company is murdered by blacks on the journey, ib.

Resolutions adopted by Pieter Uys and those who agree with him, asserting independence of Mr. Retief, 283

Retief, Pieter: is leader of the fourth party of emigrants from the Cape Colony, 275; in June 1837 is installed as governor and commandant-general of his own party and the one under Maritz, 276; on the 21st of July 1837 writes to Sir Benjamin D’Urban desiring that the emigrants may be acknowledged as an independent people, 286; in October 1837 goes over the Drakensberg into Natal, 285; on the 6th of February 1838 is murdered with all his companions at Dingan’s kraal, 280

Sekwati, chief of the Bapedi: mention of, 272

Settlement of the Cape Colony by Europeans: slow progress of, 255

Slaves in the Cape Colony: hasty emancipation of, 257

Smit, Erasmus: reference to the journal of, 275

Smith, G. C. Moore, Esqre., M.A.: assistance rendered by, 260

Tembu tribe: a section of is driven by the Amangwane under Matiwane into the Cape Colony, 258

Triegard, Louis: family history of, 266; in June 1834 he moves from the district of Somerset to the bank of the White Kei river beyond the colonial border, ib.; where about thirty emigrant families are then residing, 267; here all his slaves run away, ib.; he is believed by the British officials on the frontier to have induced the Xosas to persevere in the war against the colony, ib.; he moves northward with the notorious robber captain Jalusa, ib.; in September 1835 crosses the Orange river, and then with a number of other emigrants travels onward to the Zoutpansberg, 268; which he reaches in May 1836, ib.; account of his residence there until August 1837, when he and his party leave for Delagoa Bay, 271; they encounter great difficulties on the way, 272; but in April 1838 reach Lourenço Marques, 273; where they are received with great kindness by the Portuguese, ib.; but are attacked by fever, from which in course of time nearly the whole party, including Triegard himself, dies, ib.; in July 1839 the remnant of the party is rescued and taken to Natal, 274

Tsetse fly: destructive nature of, 272

Tshaka: effect of the wars of, 258

Synoptical Index.

Umnini, petty Bantu chief: particulars concerning, 263

Uys, Pieter Lavras: particulars concerning the family of, 278; personal character of, 279; in 1834 visits and inspects Natal, 265; is leader of the sixth party of emigrants from the Cape Colony, 277; travels northward over the Orange river, with the intention of crossing the Drakensberg into Natal, 280; on the 7th of August 1837 writes to Sir Benjamin D’Urban, stating the causes of the emigration, ib.; he assumes an attitude of independence as regards Mr. Retief, 283; in October 1837 joins Commandant Potgieter in the campaign in which the Matabele are driven far to the north, 286; in December 1837 visits Natal again, 289; in February 1838 is in the present Orange Free State when tidings of the fearful massacres by the Zulus reach him, ib.; he immediately collects his men and goes down into Natal to the assistance of the distressed people there, ib.; with Commandant Potgieter marches into Zululand to attack Dingan, 292; on the 11th of April 1838 is drawn into an ambuscade and is almost surrounded by a great Zulu army, ib.; when attempting to retreat is killed with nine others, 293

Uys, Dirk Cornelis: heroic death of, 293

Voigt’s Fifty Years of the History of the Republic in South Africa: reference to, 286

Xosa invasion of the Cape Colony in December 1834: particulars concerning, 260