[A] Probably an error for Tab. 5, fig. 28a, 28b, which seems to represent a Tenthredinidous larva.
[B] The plate, however, is wanting, both in the copy belonging to the Smithsonian Institution and in that in the Library of the Boston Society of Natural History, so that I cannot tell whether it is copied from Boisduval’s figure or is an original.
[C] Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1838, 51-52.
[D] Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1839, 11-12.
[E] Annales Soc. Ent. France, ix, 371-374 pl. 8.
[F] By Marcel de Serres, Actes Linn. Soc. Bord., Vol. xiii, pl. 2; Pictet, Traite de Palæont., II pl. 40, fig. 11; Butler, Lep. Exot. I, pl. 18, fig. 2; Ib., Geol. Mag. x., pl. 1, fig. 3.
[G] See particularly papers by Coquand, Marcel de Serres, Heer, Saporta, Giebel, Westwood and Butler.
[H] Ann. Soc. Ent. France (2) ix, 71-88, pl. 3, ii.
[I] Bull. Ent. Soc., France, 1851. 97-8.
[J] Cat. Satyr., 189-190.
[K] Species of Lethe.
[L] As, for instance, in the Sphingidæ, Heliconidæ, etc.
[M] Lep. Exot. pl. 48.
[N] Loc. cit., p. 190.
[O] In this figure the neuration has not been very clearly defined, the veining of the hind wings not being continuous.
[P] Lep. Exot., 127, pl. xlviii. Geol. Mag., x, 3, pl. i.
[Q] It should first be premised that throughout this description the fore wing will be spoken of as if it were perfect; for so completely are the essential parts preserved that one may feel a strong degree of confidence as to the character of the remainder; scarcely any of the costal margin can be traced on the stone, and yet one may describe with nearly absolute certainty the point where the extremities of the costal and the first two upper branches of the subcostal nervures strike it. For those, therefore, who would follow the description with a severely critical eye, the illustrations we have given will correct any apparent overstatement of the text.
[R] Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol., XX, 108.
[S] Insekt. Tert. Œning. ii, 177-79.
[T] Wahrscheinlich ist ausser diesem noch ein Ast da, der aber verwischt ist.
[U] Lep. Exot. I. 128.
[V] Compare, in this respect, Butler’s Revision of the Pierinæ, Cist. Ent., I, iii, pl. i, fig. 8; or Trimen, Rhop. Afr. Austr., Pl. ii, fig. 2.
[W] Insekt. Tert. Œning., II, 179-82.
[X] Butt. N. Amer., i, Argynnis, I.
[Y] Cat. Fabr. Lep., 109.
[Z] Lep. Exot., I, xv, 127-28, Pl. 48, fig. 7; Geol. Mag., x, 3-4, Pl. 1, fig. 7.
[AA] Insekt. Tert. Œning, II, 180.
[AB] Compare the illustrations referred to in the note on page 44.
[AC] These, it is true, are Danai, but aberrant forms, like Leptidia, etc.
[AD] See, however, the American genus Leodonta.
[AE] Insekt. Tert. Œning., ii, 182-3.
[AF] Palæontogr. viii, 12-13.
[AG] Saporta. Revision de la flore des gypses d’Aix. Ann. Sc. Nat. [5] Bot., xv, 284.
[AH] “La proportion des Graminées relativement au total des Phanérogames, qui est de 4·5 sur 100, est en rapport avec les minima relatifs de cette famille, tels qu’on les observe à la Nouvelle-Guinée et à la Nouvelle-Grenade.” Saporta, loc. cit., 292.
[AI] “Dans la flore des gypses d’Aix, non-seulement les Légumineuses occupent le premier rang, comme dans la plupart des flores intertropicales actuelles de l’ancien et du nouveau continent, mais elles atteignent une proportion de 13 pour 100, pour l’ensemble des Phanérogames, proportion parfaitement en rapport avec celle de 12 sur 100 qui est fréquente, selon M. de Candolle, dans certaines régions chaudes, telles que Timor, le Congo, etc.” Saporta, loc. cit., 292.
[AJ] Since this was written, Count Saporta writes me: “Le genre Smilax est un des genres tertiatres les plus frequents. J’ai aussi signalé dans le dépôt voisin de St. Zacharie (étage Tongrien inférieure [and therefore but slightly more recent]) une feuille qui m’a paru devoir se ranger parmi les Dioscorées.”
[AK] An old writer in Fuessly’s Magazin, writing from Italy, says that Thais feeds in that country upon Quercus. Five species of Quercus are known from Aix, but the statement in Fuessly’s Magazin has never, to my knowledge, been confirmed.
[AL] “Nous n’avons pas encore rencontré d’Aristolochia dans les gypses d’Aix; mais l’existence du genre dans le tertiaire moyen ne saurait être mise en question, depuis que nous avons entre les mains une superbe empreinte de Radoboj (Aristolochia venusta Sap.), qui dénote une forme voisine des Aristoloches à feuilles persistantes et demi-coriaces, comme l’A. reticulata Nutt. de Virginie.” Saporta, loc. cit., 342-3.
[AM] In a recent letter from Count Saporta he remarks: “Relativement au Thaites Ruminiana, je n’ai pas encore découvert à Aix de vestiges du genre Aristolochia, mais ce genre devait y exister.”
[AN] Vierteljahrsschrift naturf. Gesellsch. Zurich, i. 12, 1856.
[AO] Recherches sur le Climat et la Végétation du pays tertiaire, 4to, 1861.
[AP] I venture to give one more extract from a recent letter received from Count Saporta, although he writes:—“Je vous écris n’ayant sous les yeux ni mes livres ni mes collections, ce qui enlevera nécessairement un peu de précision à quelques-unes de mes réponses.”
“Il est bien plus difficile de justifier par des exemples tirés de la nature des plantes la présence à Radoboj d’un insecte se nourissant de Capparis. Les Capparis ont du exister, mais leur feuilles sont difficiles à distinguer à cause de l’absence de caractères différentiels; leur forme et leur nervation peu visibles doivent les faire confondre avec beaucoup d’autres. Il me semble pourtant que des Capparis ont été signalés soit à Radoboj, soit à Hoering en Tyrol, dépôt un peu plus anciens [Tongrian], mais en l’absence de mes livres je ne saurais vous l’affirmer.”
[AQ] I use these genera in the sense indicated in my Historical Sketch of generic names. Proc. Am. Acad. Arts, Sci., X, pp. 91-293.
[AR] Heer et Gaudin, Climat du pays tertiaire, pp. 133-171.
[AS] Ann. Sc. Nat., [5] Bot., xv, 322.
[AT] Climat du pays tertiaire, ed. Gaudin, p. 205.
[AU] Loc. cit., p. 205.
[AV] Arbeit Schlesisch. Gesellsch. Vaterl. Kultur, 1834, 92-3.
[AW] Programm Petrischule Danzig, 1855-56, 4to, p. 30.
[AX] Loc. cit., 387.
[AY] Loc. cit., 390.
[AZ] 1872, xxxi.
[BA] Perhaps Mr. Butler is not altogether to blame in confounding Aix in Provence with Aix-la-Chapelle; at any rate the mistake had been made previously by the translator of Heer’s paper in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, VI, 72; the error is corrected by Mr. Butler at the end of his volume.
[BB] He seems not to have seen the earlier publication of Mr. Brodie.
[BC] Geol. Mag. [2] I, 448.
[BD] These veins have been given a distinct name (discoidal) by the English Entomologists, as if they hail an independent origin, and had nothing to do with the subcostal nervure; but by the use of this name, we wholly lose sight of the simple plan of neuration belonging to the wings of these insects. I have therefore preferred to speak of them as the inferior subcostal nervules, in contradistinction to the superior branches of the same vein.
[BE] In this case he counts from the tip of the wing, in reverse order.
[My best thanks are due to my courteous friend Mr. Auguste Sallé, for his kind agency in securing an artist for the engraving of these plates. Owing, however, to the distance at which the work was done, a few errors have unavoidably occurred, which, to prevent misapprehension, are mentioned below.]
| Fig. | 1. | Eugonia atava. Copied from Heer, Insekt. Tert. Œning., ii, pl. xiv, fig. 8 (1/1). |
| “ | 2. | Lethites Reynesii. Drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). |
| “ | 3. | Eugonia atava. Copied from Charpentier, Nov. Act. Leop.-Carol., xx, pl. xxii, fig. 4 (1/1). |
| “ | 4. | Eugonia j.-album. Neuration of fore wing; drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). The second superior subcostal nervule is carried too far toward the tip of the wing. |
| “ | 5. | Lethites Reynesii. Fore wing; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 6. | Eugonia j.-album. Markings of the upper surface of the fore wing; drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). |
| “ | 7. | Eugonia atava. Neuration of tip of fore wing (2/1); copied from Heer; Insekt. Tert. Œning., ii, pl. xiv, fig. 3a. |
| “ | 8. | Neorinopis sepulta. Markings of the upper surface of the two wings, restored; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). The drawing represents the general effect of the fore wing as darker than the hind wing, and in so far is inaccurate. |
| “ | 9. | The same. Neuration of the two wings, separated; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 10. | The same. Neuration of the two wings, as seen in the fossil; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). The engraver has unfortunately made the lines of the hind wing the heavier, as if it lay uppermost; they should have been the lighter. |
| “ | 11. | The same. Right hind leg; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 12. | The same. Left hind leg; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 13. | The same. Drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). The spot of the medio-submedian interspace of the fore wings has not been well rendered by the engraver. |
| “ | 14. | The same. Copied from Lefebvre, Ann. Soc. Ent. France [2], ix, pl. iii, II, fig. A (1/1). |
| “ | 15. | The same. Copied from the same, fig. C (1/1). |
| “ | 16. | The same. Copied from the same, fig. B (1/1). |
| “ | 17. | The same. Copied from Boisduval, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., ix, pl. 8 (1/1). |
| Fig. | 1. | Thaites Ruminiana. Neuration of the wings, restored; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 2. | Thais Rumina. Neuration of the wings; drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). |
| “ | 3. | Thaites Ruminiana. Markings of the upper surface of the wings, restored; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 4. | Thais Rumina. Markings of the upper surface of the wings; drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). |
| “ | 5. | Parnassius Smintheus. Markings of the upper surface and neuration of the wings; drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). |
| “ | 6. | Thaites Ruminiana. One of the wing-covers (patagia); drawn by S. H. Scudder (12/1). |
| “ | 7. | The same. Portion of the palpi; from a camera sketch by S. H. Scudder (12/1). |
| “ | 8. | The same. Antenna; drawn by S. H. Scudder (3/1). |
| “ | 9. | The same. From a camera sketch by S. H. Scudder (3/1). |
| “ | 10. | The same. Drawn under the camera from the reverse of fig. 9, by S. H. Scudder (3/1). |
| “ | 11. | Thanaos Juvenalis. Drawn in the position of fig. 12 by J. H. Emerton (1/1); fig. 11 a, the palpus, denuded (2/1). |
| “ | 12. | Thanaos vetula. Drawn in outline by an artist in the employ of H. Woodward, Esq., of the British Museum, and filled in by S. H. Scudder (+2/1). Incorrectly named Thanatites Juvenalis on the plate. |
| “ | 13. | Carystus Lucasii. Neuration of fore wing. Drawn by G. Willis (1/1). |
| “ | 14. | Pamphilites abdita. Markings of the upper surface of the fore wing; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 15. | Pansydia Mesogramma. Neuration and disposition of spots on the fore wing; copied from Poey, Cent. Lep. Cuba, 2e Dec. (1/1). |
| “ | 16. | Thanatites vetula. Copied from Heyden, Palæontogr., viii, pl. i, fig. 10 (+2/1). Incorrectly named Thanatites Juvenalis on the plate. |
| “ | 17. | Pamphilites abdita. Markings of the upper surface of fore wing; drawn by S. H. Scudder (1/1). |
| “ | 18. | The same. Neuration and disposition of the spots on the fore wing; drawn by S. H. Scudder (2/1). |
| “ | 19. | Carystus Lucasii. Markings of the upper surface of fore wing; drawn by G. Willis (1/1). |
| Fig. 1 (p. 50). | Mylothrites Pluto. Outlines to show the disparity in size of the two insects referred to this species by Heer; drawn by S. H. Scudder; engraved by S. S. Kilburn. |
| “ 2 (p. 89). | Cyllonium Boisduvalianum. Copied by photography from Westwood, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond., x, pl. xvii, fig. 17; engraved by H. Marsh. |
| “ 3 (p. 89). | Cyllonium Hewitsonianum. Copied by photography from the same, pl. xviii, p. 27; engraved by H. Marsh. |
| “ 4 (p. 90). | Palæontina oolitica. Copied by photography from Butler, Lep. Exot., pl. xlviii, fig. 1; engraved by H. Marsh. |
| “ 5 (p. 90). | The same. Copied by photography from the same, fig. 2; engraved by H. Marsh. |
| “ 6 (p. 92). | The same. Copied by photography from Butler, Geol. Mag., [2] i, pl. xix, fig. 4; engraved by H. Marsh. |
| “ 7 (p. 92). | The same. Copied by photography from the same, fig. 5; engraved by H. Marsh. |
| “ 8 (p. 94). | The same. Drawn by S. H. Scudder; engraved by S. S. Kilburn. |
| Page 19, line 4; | for voicé, read voici. |
| “ 29. | The first three lines form a part of the quotation from Butler, and should have been but single-leaded. |
| “ 51, note; | for Dareai, read Danai. |
| “ 58, line 9; | for before the cell, read before the tip of the cell. |
| “ 62, line 13; | for fig. 2, read fig. 11. |
Transcriber’s Note: These errata have been corrected in this e-text. “Page 51, note” is footnote AC.
Additionally the following changes were made:
| Page 16, | le sujet le ce rapport => le sujet de ce rapport |
| Page 20, | marveilleusement => merveilleusement |
| Page 25, | de cette taile => de cette taille |
| Page 26, | non estimable ami => mon estimable ami |
| Page 37, | Satyrites Beynesii => Satyrites Reynesii |
| Page 41, | Zeichung => Zeichnung (twice) |
| Page 42, | Färburg => Färbung (twice, and another time on page 47) |
| “ 42, | bie den Vanessen => bei den Vanessen |
| Page 46, | dis zum Augenpunkt => bis zum Augenpunkt |
| “ 46, | gezacht => gezackt |
| “ 46, | indem ganz schwache => in der ganz schwache |
| Page 47, | Varästelung => Verästelung |
| “ 47, | enimal => einmal |
| Page 81, | précédement => précédemment |
| “ 81, | q’u à => qu’à |
| “ 81, | Quatres genres => Quatre genres |
| “ 81, | note (footnote AT), du pays tertiare => du pays tertiaire |
| “ 88, | Aertze => Aerzte |
Minor errors in punctuation, capitalisation, accents etc have been corrected without note.
The plates which follow are thumbnail images, and can be clicked/tapped for a larger version if you are using a device which supports that.
Plate I.
Imp. Ch. Chardon ainé, Paris.
Plate II.
Imp. Ch. Chardon ainé, Paris.