178. Globe, Part III., 2 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 864; Part IV., pp. 2941–2942, 3034–3039, 3134–3135, 3307–3320.
179. Globe, 2 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 2933.
180. Ibid., p. 3397.
181. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 37–38.
182. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 38–39, 41–42.
183. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 43–45.
184. Ibid., p. 46.
185. Ibid., pp. 46–47.
186. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 48.
187. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 50–51.
188. Ibid., p. 35.
189. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 54–55.
190. Ibid., p. 59.
191. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 283.
192. Quoted in N. & H., Vol. VI. pp. 300–301.
193. Quoted in N. & H., Vol. VI. pp. 302–303.
194. Ibid., p. 304.
195. Quoted in N. & H., Vol. VI. pp. 304–306.
197. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 285–287.
198. The Formation of West Virginia, p. 152.
199. Ibid., pp. 192–193.
200. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 326.
201. Webster’s Works, Vol. II. pp. 607–608.
202. By a joint resolution, approved March 10, 1866, Congress agreed that both counties formed a part of West Virginia. The parent State, however, by an act of December 5, 1865, had already repealed both the statutes of January 31 and February 4, 1863, as well as section two of the act of May 13, 1862; and on December 11, 1866, a bill in equity was filed in the Supreme Court of the United States in which it was contended that it was not the intention of that State to consent to the annexation of Berkeley and Jefferson counties except upon the performance of certain conditions; the state of the county on election day was such as not to permit the opening of all the polls in Berkeley and Jefferson, nor indeed at any considerable part of the usual election places. The voters did not have adequate notice. In short, a great majority of them were then and now, December, 1866, opposed to annexation. Other irregularities are alleged in the complaint of Virginia. A decision, however, has been rendered by the Supreme Court of the United States in favor of the new Commonwealth. [See Virginia vs. West Virginia, 11 Wall., p. 39; also Transcripts of Records, Supreme Court U. S., Vol. 152, December Term, 1870.]
203. Notwithstanding the new State had been organized by a law which passed both Houses of Congress, and was approved by the President, Mr. Davis, of Kentucky, when the members-elect presented themselves before the Senate, opposed their admission on the ground that there was legally and constitutionally no such State in existence as West Virginia. On his motion to administer the customary oath thirty-six Senators voted in the affirmative, five in the negative. [Globe, 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 1–3.]
204. A History of Presidential Elections, Stanwood, pp. 246–247. Edition of 1884.
205. Ann. Cycl., 1864, p. 809.
206. Butler’s Book, p. 618.
207. N. & H., Abraham Lincoln, A History, Vol. IX. pp. 439–442.
208. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 619–621.
209. Ibid., p. 623.
210. Why The Solid South? p. 222.
211. Ann. Cycl., 1864, p. 810.
212. Globe, Part II., 2 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 845–849.
213. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 209.
214. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 1.
215. Addresses and Papers of Edward L. Pierce, pp. 20–25.
216. Addresses and Papers of E. L. Pierce, p. 26.
217. McPherson’s Pol. Hist. p. 244.
218. Ibid.
219. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 244.
220. Ibid., p. 245.
221. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 235n.
222. Addresses and Papers of E. L. Pierce, p. 29.
223. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 245.
224. Appendix, Globe, 1 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 42.
225. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 245.
226. Ibid., pp. 245–246.
227. General Anderson had telegraphed President Lincoln that an entire company of Kentucky soldiers had laid down their arms upon hearing of Fremont’s action.
228. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 77.
229. Ibid., pp. 78–79.
230. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 247–248.
231. Ibid., p. 248.
232. N. Y. Tribune, November 8, 1861.
233. Letters and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 90.
234. Ibid.
235. Ann. Cycl., 1861, p. 646.
236. First Annual Message, December 3, 1861. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 134; Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 102–103.
237. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 249.
238. Letters and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 91.
239. See “Journal of the Senate of the State of Delaware, At a Special Session of the General Assembly, Commenced and held at Dover, on Monday, the 25th day of November, 1861.”
240. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 250.
241. Ibid., p. 248.
242. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 250.
243. Ibid.
244. Ibid., p. 251.
245. Addresses and Papers of E. L. Pierce, p. 87; also Letters and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 126.
246. Letters and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 129.
247. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 129–130.
248. Ann. Cycl., 1862, pp. 799–800.
249. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 132.
250. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 210.
251. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 133–135; also McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 210–211.
252. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 137–138.
253. Ann. Cycl., 1862, pp. 346–347.
254. Globe, Part II., 2 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 1496.
256. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 226–227.
257. The question of colonizing free blacks out of the United States engaged the attention of Thomas Jefferson and James Monroe, who had some correspondence on the subject at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Late in the year 1816 there was organized in the city of Washington the “National Colonization Society,” of which the expressed purpose was to encourage emancipation by procuring a place outside the United States, preferably in Africa, to which free negroes could be aided in emigrating. This, it was believed, would rid the South of its free colored population which had already become a nuisance. Until 1830 it was warmly supported everywhere, and branches of the society were established in nearly every State. In the South its purposes were furthered by James Madison, by Charles Carroll and by Henry Clay. Bushrod Washington became president of the association. Rufus King and President Harrison were among its friends in the North.
Though Texas and Mexico were looked upon as favorable places for locating a colony of free blacks, they were sent to the British possession of Sierra Leone. In 1821 a permanent location was purchased in Liberia. This settlement, with Monrovia as its capital, became independent in 1847. The American Colonization Society attracted little notice after the rise, about 1829–30, of those known as immediate abolitionists.
258. Letters and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 155.
259. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 251.
260. Ibid., p. 252.
261. Globe, Part III., 2 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 2068.
262. Ibid., p. 2618. Ibid., p. 2769.
263. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 233.
264. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. pp. 204–205.
265. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 214–217.
266. Ibid., pp. 217–218.
267. Ibid., p. 218.
268. Ibid., pp. 218–220.
269. Quoted in Nicolay and Hay’s Abraham Lincoln, A History. Vol. VI. p. 121 et seq.
270. Schuckers’ Life of Salmon Portland Chase, pp. 439–440.
271. Ibid., p. 440.
272. Shuckers’ Life of Chase, pp. 440–441.
273. Ibid., p. 441.
274. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 213.
275. Carpenter’s Six Months at the White House, pp. 21–22.
276. Letters and State Papers of Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 214.
277. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 231–232.
278. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 233.
279. Quoted in Schuckers’ Life of Chase, pp. 453–455.
280. The Galaxy, December, 1872, pp. 846–847.
281. Ibid., p. 847.
282. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 106.
283. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 129.
284. Ibid., p. 125.
286. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 322–323.
287. Memoir of Charles Sumner by E. L. Pierce, Vol. IV. pp. 74–75.
288. General Richard Taylor in Destruction and Reconstruction, p. 245.
289. Blaine, Twenty Years of Congress, Vol. II. p. 114.
290. Memoir of Sumner by E. L. Pierce, Vol. IV. p. 143.
291. Mr. Sumner, notwithstanding this view, proposed to enact the Emancipation Proclamation into a law. See pp. 272–273 infra.
292. N. and H., Vol. IX. pp. 335–336.
293. In his Theory of our National Existence (passim) and in the American Law Review for January, 1865, Mr. John C. Hurd has much keen criticism of the reconstruction theories of Sumner and others.
294. Colloquy with Senator Doolittle, December 19, 1866, Cong. Globe, p. 192.
295. Brownson’s American Republic, p. 308.
296. McPherson’s Pol. Hist., p. 323.
297. Mr. Davis is sometimes classed as a Unionist.
298. Globe, 1 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 414.
299. Globe, Part I., 3 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 238.
300. Globe, Part I., 1 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 239–243.
301. Globe, Part I., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 317.
302. Texas vs. White, 7 Wall., p. 725.
303. See Chapter VII., pp. 257–261, infra.
304. Globe, Part I., 2 Sess. 36th Cong., p. 857.
305. Globe, 1 Sess. 37th Cong., pp. 222–223.
306. Ibid., p. 258.
307. Globe, 1 Sess. 37th Cong., p. 259.
308. Ann. Cycl., 1862, p. 277.
310. Globe, Part I., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 33.
311. Globe, Part I., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 34.
312. Appendix, Part IV., Globe, 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 82–85; also Speeches and Addresses of Henry Winter Davis. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1867, pp. 368–383.
313. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 1970–1972.
314. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 1974–1981.
315. Ibid., pp. 1981–1983.
316. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2002–2006.
317. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 2008.
318. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2011–2014.
319. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 2038.
320. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2039–2041.
321. Ibid., p. 2041.
322. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2041–2042.
323. Ibid., p. 2043.
324. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 2071.
325. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 2073.
326. Ibid., p. 2074.
327. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess 38th Cong., p. 2078.
328. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2095–2102.
329. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2102–2105.
330. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 2105–2107.
331. Globe, Part III., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 2108.
332. Globe, Part IV., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 3448–3449.
333. Ibid., p. 3449.
334. Globe, Part IV., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp 3448–3450.
335. Globe, Part IV., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., pp. 3451–3453.
336. Ibid., p. 3460.
337. Globe, Part IV., 1 Sess. 38th Cong., p. 3461.
338. Ibid., p. 3491.
339. Diary of John Hay, quoted in Abraham Lincoln, A History, Vol. IX. pp. 120–122.
340. Pierce’s Memoir of Sumner, Vol. IV. pp. 57, 60, 83, 84, 106, 108, 130, etc.
341. Shuckers’ Life of Chase, pp. 440n, 442, 453, 495.
342. Letters and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln, Vol. II. p. 545; McPherson’s Pol. Hist., pp. 318–319.
343. Ann. Cycl., 1864, pp. 307–310n.
344. Twenty Years of Congress, Vol. II. p. 44.