A SYSTEM OF LOGIC, RATIOCINATIVE AND INDUCTIVE

BEING A CONNECTED VIEW OF THE PRINCIPLES OF EVIDENCE, AND THE METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION.

By John Stuart Mill

CONTENTS

Preface To The First Edition.

Preface To The Third And Fourth Editions.

Introduction.

Book I Of Names And Propositions.
Chapter I Of The Necessity Of Commencing With An Analysis Of Language.
Chapter II Of Names.
Chapter III Of The Things Denoted By Names.
Chapter IV Of Propositions.
Chapter V Of The Import Of Propositions.
Chapter VI Of Propositions Merely Verbal.
Chapter VII Of The Nature Of Classification, And The Five Predicables.
Chapter VIII Of Definition.
Book II On Reasoning.
Chapter I Of Inference, Or Reasoning, In General.
Chapter II Of Ratiocination, Or Syllogism.
Chapter III Of The Functions And Logical Value Of The Syllogism.
Chapter IV Of Trains Of Reasoning, And Deductive Sciences.
Chapter V Of Demonstration, And Necessary Truths.
Chapter VI The Same Subject Continued.
Chapter VII Examination Of Some Opinions Opposed To The Preceding Doctrines.
Book III Of Induction.
Chapter I Preliminary Observations On Induction In General.
Chapter II Of Inductions Improperly So Called.
Chapter III Of The Ground Of Induction.
Chapter IV Of Laws Of Nature.
Chapter V Of The Law Of Universal Causation.
Chapter VI On The Composition Of Causes.
Chapter VII On Observation And Experiment.
Chapter VIII Of The Four Methods Of Experimental Inquiry.
Chapter IX Miscellaneous Examples Of The Four Methods.
Chapter X Of Plurality Of Causes, And Of The Intermixture Of Effects.
Chapter XI Of The Deductive Method.
Chapter XII Of The Explanation Of Laws Of Nature.
Chapter XIII Miscellaneous Examples Of The Explanation Of Laws Of Nature.
Chapter XIV Of The Limits To The Explanation Of Laws Of Nature; And Of Hypotheses.
Chapter XV Of Progressive Effects; And Of The Continued Action Of Causes.
Chapter XVI Of Empirical Laws.
Chapter XVII Of Chance And Its Elimination.
Chapter XVIII Of The Calculation Of Chances.
Chapter XIX Of The Extension Of Derivative Laws To Adjacent Cases.
Chapter XX Of Analogy.
Chapter XXI Of The Evidence Of The Law Of Universal Causation.
Chapter XXII Of Uniformities Of Co-Existence Not Dependent On Causation.
Chapter XXIV Of The Remaining Laws Of Nature.
Chapter XXV Of The Grounds Of Disbelief.
Book IV Of Operations Subsidiary To Induction.
Chapter I Of Observation And Description.
Chapter II Of Abstraction, Or The Formation Of Conceptions.
Chapter III Of Naming, As Subsidiary To Induction.
Chapter IV Of The Requisites Of A Philosophical Language, And The Principles Of Definition.
Chapter V On The Natural History Of The Variations In The Meaning Of Terms.
Chapter VI The Principles Of A Philosophical Language Further Considered.
Chapter VII Of Classification, As Subsidiary To Induction.
Chapter VIII Of Classification By Series.
Book V On Fallacies.
Chapter I Of Fallacies In General.
Chapter II Classification Of Fallacies.
Chapter III Fallacies Of Simple Inspection; Or A Priori Fallacies.
Chapter IV Fallacies Of Observation.
Chapter V Fallacies Of Generalization.
Chapter VI Fallacies Of Ratiocination.
Chapter VII Fallacies Of Confusion.
Book VI On The Logic Of The Moral Sciences.
Chapter I Introductory Remarks.
Chapter II Of Liberty And Necessity.
Chapter III That There Is, Or May Be, A Science Of Human Nature.
Chapter IV Of The Laws Of Mind.
Chapter V Of Ethology, Or The Science Of The Formation Of Character.
Chapter VI General Considerations On The Social Science.
Chapter VII Of The Chemical, Or Experimental, Method In The Social Science.
Chapter VIII Of The Geometrical, Or Abstract, Method.
Chapter IX Of The Physical, Or Concrete Deductive, Method.
Chapter X Of The Inverse Deductive, Or Historical, Method.
Chapter XI Additional Elucidations Of The Science Of History.
Chapter XII Of The Logic Of Practice, Or Art; Including Morality And Policy.
Footnotes






ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE HUMAN MIND

By James Mill (John Stuart Mill)



CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME


PAGE
INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER I.
Sensation 2
SECTION 1. Smell
7
2. Hearing 16
3. Sight 21
4. Taste 25
5. Touch 28
6. Sensations of Disorganization, or of the Approach to Disorganization, in any part of the Body 37
7. Muscular Sensations, or those Feelings which accompany the Action of the Muscles 40
8. Sensations in the Alimentary Canal 45
 
CHAPTER II.
Ideas 51
 
CHAPTER III.
The Association of Ideas 70
 
CHAPTER IV.
Naming 127
SECTION 1. Nouns Substantive
134
2. Nouns Adjective 134
3. Verbs 151
4. Predication 159
SECTION 5. Pronouns
194
6. Adverbs 199
7. Prepositions 201
8. Conjunctions 212
 
CHAPTER V.
Consciousness 223
 
CHAPTER VI.
Conception 233
 
CHAPTER VII.
Imagination 238
 
CHAPTER VIII.
Classification 247
 
CHAPTER IX.
Abstraction 294
 
CHAPTER X.
Memory 318
 
CHAPTER XI.
Belief 341
 
CHAPTER XII.
Ratiocination 424
 
CHAPTER XIII.
Evidence 428

APPENDIX 440

CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME

CHAPTER XIV.
PAGE
Some Names which require a particular Explanation 1
SECTION 1. Names of Names 3
2. Relative Terms 6

Abstract Relative Terms 72
3. Numbers 89
4. Privative Terms 99
5. Time 116
6. Motion 142
7. Identity 164
 
CHAPTER XV.
Reflection 176
 
CHAPTER XVI.
The Distinction between the Intellectual and Active Powers of the Human Mind 181
 
CHAPTER XVII.
Pleasurable and Painful Sensations 184
 
CHAPTER XVIII.
Causes of the Pleasurable and Painful Sensations 187
 
CHAPTER XIX.
Ideas of the Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, and of the Causes of them 189
 
CHAPTER XX.
The Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or future 196
CHAPTER XXI.
The Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or future 201
SECTION 1. The immediate Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations, contemplated as passed, or as future 201
2. The Remote Causes of Pleasurable and Painful Sensations contemplated as passed, or future 206
SUB-SECT. 1. Wealth, Power, and Dignity, and their Contraries, contemplated as Causes of our Pleasures and Pains 207
2. Our Fellow-Creatures contemplated as Causes of our Pleasures and Pains 214
1.—Friendship 216
2.—Kindness 216
3.—Family 218
4.—Country 226
5.—Party; Class 227
6.—Mankind 229
3. The Objects called Sublime and Beautiful, and their Contraries, contemplated as Causes of our Pleasures and Pains 230
 
CHAPTER XXII.
Motives 256
SECTION 1. Pleasurable or Painful States, contemplated as the Consequents of our own Acts 256
2. Causes of our Pleasurable and Painful States, contemplated as the Consequents of our own Acts 265
 
CHAPTER XXIII.
The Acts of our Fellow-creatures, which are Causes of our Pains and Pleasures, contemplated as Consequents of our own Acts 280
 
CHAPTER XXIV.
The Will 327
 
CHAPTER XXV.
Intention 396