2593 Heriot, loc. cit. p. 333.

2594 Fytche, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 70.

2595 Tartars (Huc, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  186), Siamese (Bock, ‘Temples and Elephants,’ p. 185), Kalmucks (Liadov, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. i. p. 403). In Japan, on the other hand, the marriage ceremony is entirely of a social nature, no religious element entering into it at all (Küchler, in ‘Trans. As. Soc. Japan,’ vol. xiii. p. 123).

2596 Gray, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  205.

2597 Ewald, loc. cit. pp. 201, et seq. Cf. Gans, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  140; Frankel, loc. cit. p. xxx.

2598 Pischon, ‘Der Einfluss der Islâm,’ &c., p. 10. For the modern Persians, see Polak, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 210, et seq.

2599 Glasson, loc. cit. p. 154.

2600 Revillout, ‘Les contrats de mariage égyptiens,’ in ‘Journal Asiatique,’ ser. vii. vol. x. p.  262.

2601 Spiegel, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 677.

2602 Haas, in Weber, ‘Indische Studien,’ vol. v. pp. 312-316. Colebrooke, in ‘Asiatick Researches,’ vol. vii. pp. 288-310.

2603 Macnaghten, ‘Principles of Hindu Law,’ p. 46. Cf. Rossbach, loc. cit. p. 202; Colebrooke, pp. 288-311.

2604 Jacobs, ‘Vermischte Schriften,’ vol. iv. pp. 180-182. Potter, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 279.

2605 Rossbach, pp. 222, et seq. For other facts stated, see Becker, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  457; Palmblad, loc. cit. vol. ii. pp. 258, et seq.; Rossbach, pp. 212, 218, 223, 228.

2606 Weinhold, ‘Deutsche Frauen,’ vol. i. p.  374. Rossbach, p. 231.

2607 Rossbach, p. 111.

2608 Rossbach, loc. cit. pp. 121, 122, 128, 143.

2609 Ibid., pp. 294, et seq.

2610 Ibid., p. 237.

2611 Ibid., p. 310.

2612 Ibid., pp. 112, 186.

2613 Ibid., pp. 102, et seq.

2614 Ibid., pp. 256, et seq.

2615 Grimm, loc. cit. pp. 434, et seq. Eichhorn, ‘Deutsche Staats-und Rechtsgeschichte,’ §§ 108, 183.

2616 St. Paul, ‘Ephesians,’ ch. v. v.  32.

2617 v. Scheurl, ‘Das gemeine deutsche Eherecht,’ p. 15.

2618 Glasson, loc. cit. p. 253.

2619 Ibid., p. 282.

2620 Garcilasso de la Vega, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 306, et seq.

2621 Squier, in ‘Trans. American Ethn. Soc.,’ vol. iii. pt. i. p.  127.

2622 Powers, loc. cit. p. 157.

2623 Lisiansky, loc. cit. p. 83.

2624 Olivecrona, loc. cit. pp. 47, 160, et seq.

2625 Powers, loc. cit. pp. 22, et seq. Cf. Sibree, loc. cit. p. 251 (Hovas); Conder, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xvi. p. 94 (Bechuanas).

2626 Rossbach, loc. cit. p. 42.

2627 Schoolcraft, loc. cit. vol. v. pp. 654, et seq.

2628 Spencer, ‘Descriptive Sociology,’ Ancient Mexicans, &c., p. 4. 

2629 Bancroft, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 265.

2630 Garcilasso de la Vega, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  310.

2631 Rein, loc. cit. p. 423. Küchler, in ‘Trans. As. Soc. Japan,’ vol. xiii, p. 129.

2632 Ross, loc. cit. p. 315.

2633 ‘Genesis,’ ch. xxvi. v. 34; ch. xxix. vv. 23-28.

2634 ‘i. Kings,’ ch. xi. v. 3. 

2635 ‘ii. Chronicles,’ ch. xi. vv. 21, 23.

2636 ‘Deuteronomy,’ ch. xxi. v. 15. Scheppig, in Spencer, ‘Descriptive Sociology,’ Hebrews and Phœnicians, p. 8. 

2637 Andree, loc. cit. p. 147.

2638 Ibid., pp. 147-149. Polak, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  209.

2639 ‘The Korân,’ sura iv. v. 3. 

2640 Lane Poole, in ‘The Academy,’ vol. v. p.  684.

2641 ‘Das Ausland,’ 1875, p. 958. d’Escayrac de Lauture, loc. cit. p. 68.

2642 Diodorus Siculus, loc. cit. book i. ch. 80.

2643 Wilkinson, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 318, et seq.

2644 Rawlinson, ‘The Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World,’ vol. i. p.  505.

2645 Rawlinson, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 319.

2646 Ibid., vol. iii. pp. 216-219. Herodotus, loc. cit. book iii. ch. 68, 88. Spiegel, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 680.

2647 Jolly, in ‘Sitzungsberichte Münch. Akad.,’ 1876, p. 445.

2648 Schrader, loc. cit. p. 387. Zimmer, loc. cit. pp. 324, et seq.

2649 ‘The Laws of Manu,’ ch. iii. v. 12; ch. viii. v. 204; ch. ix. vv. 85-87.

2650 Balfour, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 252.

2651 Becker, loc. cit. vol. ii. pp. 438, et seq. Jacobs, ‘Vermischte Schriften,’ vol. iv. pp. 215, et seq.

2652 ‘The Iliad,’ book xxi. v. 88. Grote, ‘History of Greece,’ vol. ii. p. 25, note 2.

2653 Smith, Wayte, and Marindin, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  525.

2654 Palmblad, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  256.

2655 Rossbach, loc. cit. p. 5. 

2656 Tacitus, loc. cit. ch. xviii.

2657 Geijer, loc. cit. vol. v. p.  88. ‘The Heimskringla’ (transl. by Laing and Anderson), vol. i. p.  127.

2658 ‘The Heimskringla,’ vol. i. pp. 127, et seq.

2659 Ewers, loc. cit. p. 106.

2660 Gottlund, ‘Otava,’ vol. i. p.  92. Topelius, loc. cit. p. 45. Tengström, in ‘Joukahainen,’ vol. ii. pp. 130, et seq.

2661 Thierry, ‘Narratives of the Merovingian Era,’ pp. 17-21. Hallam, ‘Europe during the Middle Ages,’ vol. i. p.  420, note 2.

2662 Spencer, ‘The Principles of Sociology,’ vol. i. p.  665.

2663 v. Hellwald, loc. cit. p. 558.

2664 Saalschütz, ‘Archäologie der Hebräer,’ vol. ii. p. 204, note.

2665 ‘Emin Pasha in Central Africa,’ p. 85.

2666 Serpa Pinto, ‘How I crossed Africa,’ vol. ii. p. 33.

2667 Williams, ‘Missionary Enterprises,’ p. 557.

2668 Catlin, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  118.

2669 Reade, loc. cit. p. 44.

2670 Heriot, loc. cit. p. 323.

2671 Morgan, ‘League of the Iroquois,’ p. 324.

2672 Wilkes, loc cit. vol. v. p.  188. Powers, loc. cit. p. 56.

2673 Powers, p. 22.

2674 Domenech, ‘Seven Years’ Residence in the Deserts of North America,‘ vol. ii. p. 305.

2675 Schoolcraft, loc. cit. vol. iv. p. 87. Bancroft, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  661.

2676 Acawoios (Brett, loc. cit. p. 275), Chavantes, Carajos (v. Martius, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 274, 298), Curetús, Purupurús, Mundrucûs (Wallace, ‘Travels on the Amazon,’ pp. 509, 515-517), Guaycurûs (Waitz, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 472).

2677 Glas, loc. cit. p. 818. Bontier and Le Verrier, loc. cit. Major’s Introduction, p. xxxix.

2678 Price, ‘The Quissama Tribe,’ in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. i. p.  189. Chavanne, ‘Die Sahara,’ p. 315.

2679 Chavanne, p. 454.

2680 Bailey, in ‘Trans. Ethn. Soc.,’ N. S.  vol. ii. pp. 291, et seq. Hartshorne, in ‘The Indian Antiquary,’ vol. viii. p. 320.

2681 Man, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xii. p. 135.

2682 Distant, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. iii. p. 4. 

2683 Dalton, loc. cit. p. 91. Stewart, in ‘Jour. As. Soc. Bengal,’ vol. xxiv. p. 621.

2684 Dalton, pp. 28, 54. Jellinghaus, in ‘Zeitschr. f. Ethnol.,’ vol. iii. p. 370.

2685 Harkness, loc. cit. p. 117. Dalton, pp. 41, 132. Rowney, loc. cit. p. 145.

2686 Lewin, loc. cit. pp. 193, 235, et seq.

2687 Man, ‘Sonthalia,’ p. 15.

2688 Smeaton, ‘The Loyal Karens of Burma,’ p. 81.

2689 Kadams, Ka-káu (Colquhoun, ‘Amongst the Shans,’ pp. 72, 80), Mantras (Bourien, in ‘Trans. Ethn. Soc.,’ N. S.  vol. iii. p. 80), Italones of the Philippines (Blumentritt, loc. cit. p. 33), Galela (Riedel, in ‘Zeitschr. f. Ethnol.,’ vol. xvii. p. 77). In Sumatra, a man married by ‘semando,’ i.e., a regular treaty between the parties on the footing of equality, cannot take a second wife without repudiating the first one (Marsden, loc. cit. pp. 263, 270).

2690 Sea Dyaks (Low, loc. cit. p. 195), the Rejang tribe of the Milanowes in Borneo (ibid., p. 342), Kyans of Baram (St. John, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  113), Alfura of Letti (Bickmore, loc. cit. p. 125), Watubela Islanders (Riedel, loc. cit. p. 206).

2691 Meyer, in ‘Verhandl. Berl. Ges. Anthr.,’ 1883, p. 385. Cf. Foreman, loc. cit. p. 216 (Tinguianes of the Philippines).

2692 Low, p. 300.

2693 Hickson, loc. cit. p. 277.

2694 Waitz-Gerland, loc. cit. vol. vi. p. 128.

2695 Finsch, ‘Neu-Guinea,’ p. 101. Earl, loc. cit. p. 81.

2696 Curr, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  402.

2697 Ibid., vol. ii. p. 371.

2698 Ibid., vol. ii. p. 378.

2699 Certain Californians (Waitz, vol. iv. p. 243), Calidonian Indians (Gisborne, loc. cit. p. 155), Chiriguana, Jabaána, Paravilhana (v. Martius, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 217, 627, 632), Guaranies (Southey, loc. cit. vol ii. pp. 368, et seq.).

2700 Waitz, loc. cit. vol. iv. p. 416.

2701 v. Siebold, loc. cit. p. 31.

2702 Campbell, ‘A Year in the New Hebrides,’ p. 143.

2703 Maclean, loc. cit. p. 44.

2704 Last, in ‘Proceed. Roy. Geo. Soc.,’ N. S.  vol. v. p.  533.

2705 Phillips, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xvii. p. 225.

2706 Proyart, loc. cit. pp. 568, et seq.

2707 Waitz, vol. ii. p. 108. Chavanne, ‘Reisen und Forschungen im Kongostaate,’ pp. 398, et seq. (Bafióte tribe). Grade, in ‘Aus allen Welttheilen,’ vol. xx. p. 6 (people of the Togoland).

2708 Barrow, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  206. Lichtenstein, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 261, et seq.

2709 Holub, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  302.

2710 Thunberg, loc. cit. p. 141. Kretzschmar, loc. cit. p. 209.

2711 Archdeacon Hodgson, in a letter.

2712 Barth, ‘Reisen,’ vol. iv. p. 497.

2713 Nachtigal, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  447.

2714 Munzinger, loc. cit. p. 248.

2715 Ibid., p. 326.

2716 Takue, Bazes (ibid., pp. 209, 524), Arabs and Berbs of Morocco (Rohlfs, ‘Mein erster Aufenthalt in Marokko,’ p. 68).

2717 Honateau and Letourneux, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 167.

2718 Lane, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  252.

2719 Munzinger, p. 326.

2720 d’Escayrac de Lauture, loc. cit. p. 250. Pischon, loc. cit. p. 13. Burton, ‘Sindh Revisited,’ vol. i. p.  340. Burckhardt, loc. cit. pp. 61, 158 (Arabs). Polak, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  209 (Persians).

2721 Amír’ Alí, loc. cit. pp. 29, et seq.

2722 Balfour, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 251. Rowney, loc. cit. pp. 68, 158 (Kols, Abors). Dalton, loc. cit. pp. 110, 216 (Tipperahs, Santals). Shortt, in ‘Trans. Ethn. Soc.,’ N. S.  vol. vii. p. 282 (Kotars). Watt, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xvi. p. 355 (Kaupuis). Forsyth, loc. cit. p. 148 (Gonds and Korkús). Fytche, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 74 (Burmese). Bock, ‘Temples and Elephants,’ p. 186 (Laosians). Colquhoun, ‘Amongst the Shans,’ p. 292 (Shans). Buddhism disapproves of polygyny, though it does not wholly prohibit it (Fytche, vol. ii. pp. 73, et seq.).

2723 Gray, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  184.

2724 Kirghiz (Finch, ‘Reise nach West-Sibirien,’ p. 167), Galchas (de Ujfalvy, ‘Le Kohistan,’ p. 16), Kalmucks (Pallas, ‘Merkwürdigkeiten der Morduanen, Kasaken, Kalmücken,’ &c., pp. 263, et seq.), Tartars, Tunguses, Kamchadales (Georgi, loc. cit. pp. 103, 116, 118, 324, 341), Chukchi (Nordenskiöld, ‘Vergas färd kring Asien och Europa,’ vol. ii. p. 142), Samoyedes (‘Ymer,’ vol. iii. p. 144), Ostyaks (Latham, ‘Descriptive Ethnology,’ vol. i. p.  457), Mordvins and Cheremises (‘Äbo Tidningar,’ 1794, no. 51), Ossetes (v. Haxthausen, ‘Transcaucasia,’ p. 402), &c.

2725 Crawfurd, loc. cit. vol. i. pp. 76, et seq.

2726 Raffles, ‘The History of Java,’ vol. i. p.  81. Low, loc. cit. p. 147. Boyle, loc. cit. pp. 25, et seq. Marsden, loc. cit. p. 270. Wilken, ‘Verwantschap,’ p. 40, note 1. Forbes, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xiv. p. 124. Schadenberg, quoted by Blumentritt, loc. cit. p. 7. 

2727 Curr, loc. cit. vol. ii. pp. 196, 361; vol. iii. p. 36. Freycinet, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 766. Hodgson, loc. cit. p. 213. Cameron, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xiv. p. 352. Bonney, ibid., vol. xiii. p. 135. Bonwick, ibid., vol. xvi. p. 205. Waitz-Gerland, loc. cit. vol. vi. p. 771.

2728 Curr, vol. i. p.  252.

2729 Brough Smyth, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 386. Bonwick, ‘Daily Life,’ p. 71. Calder, ‘The Native Tribes of Tasmania,’ in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. iii. p. 22.

2730 Dieffenbach, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 37.

2731 Ellis, ‘Tour through Hawaii,’ p. 414. Cf. Lisiansky, loc. cit. p. 128.

2732 New Guinea (Finsch, ‘Neu-Guinea,’ p. 82. Lawes, in ‘Proceed. Roy. Geo. Soc.,’ N. S.  vol. ii. p. 614. Stone, ‘A Few Months in New Guinea,’ p. 93. Thomson, ‘British New Guinea,’ p. 193. Bink, in ‘Bull. Soc. d’Anthr.,’ ser. iii. vol. xi. p. 396. Kohler, in ‘Zeitschr. f. vgl. Rechtswiss.,’ vol. vii. p. 370), New Hanover (Strauch, in ‘Zeitschr. f. Ethnol.,’ vol. ix. p. 62), New Ireland (‘Das Ausland,’ 1881, p. 29), Solomon Islands (Elton, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. vii. p. 95), Tana of the New Hebrides (Turner, ‘Samoa,’ p. 317), Fiji (Zimmermann, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  400), Caroline Group (‘Deutsche Rundschau für Geographie und Statistik,’ vol. viii. p. 65), Pelew Islands (‘Ymer,’ vol. iv. p. 333), Tonga (Cook, ‘Voyage to the Pacific Ocean,’ vol. i. p.  401), Tahiti (ibid., vol. ii. p. 157), Nukahiva (v. Langsdorf, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  153), &c.

2733 Eskimo (Lyon, loc. cit. p. 352. Franklin, ‘Journey,’ p. 263. Cranz, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  147. Waitz, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 308), Mahlemuts (Bancroft, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  81), Ingaliks (Dall, loc. cit. p. 196), Chippewyans (Richardson, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 23), Tacullies (Bancroft, vol. i. p.  123), Ahts (Sproat, loc. cit. p. 98), Nutkas (Maine, ‘British Columbia and Vancouver Island,’ p. 276), Chinooks (Bancroft, vol. i. p.  241), Mandans (Catlin, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  119), other North American tribes (Heriot, loc. cit. pp. 551, et seq. Harmon, loc. cit. pp. 292, 339. Buchanan, ‘North American Indians,’ p. 338), Moxes (Heriot, p. 326), Mosquitoes (Bancroft, vol. i. p.  733, note 37), Indians of Guiana (Schomburgk, in ‘Jour. Ethn. Soc. London,’ vol. i. p.  270), Passés, Uaupés, Macusís (v. Martius, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  511, 600, 642), Coroados (Hensel, ‘Die Coroados der brasilianischen Provinz Rio Grande do Sul,’ in ‘Zeitschr. f. Ethnol.,’ vol. i. p. 130), Botocudos (v. Tschudi, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 283), and other Brazilian tribes (v. Martius, vol. i. p.  104), Minuanes, Pampas, Guanas, Mbayas (Azara, loc. cit. vol. ii. pp. 33, 44, 95, 114), Abipones (Dobrizhoffer, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 138), Patagonians (Musters, loc. cit. p. 187).

2734 Nansen, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 321, note 1.

2735 v. Langsdorf, loc. cit. vol. ii. p. 133. Bancroft, vol. i. p.  110.

2736 Ling Roth, in ‘Jour. Anthr. Inst.,’ vol. xvi. 272.

2737 Spencer, ‘Descriptive Sociology,’ Hebrews and Phœnicians, p. 8.  Cf. Saalschütz, ‘Das mosaische Recht,’ vol. ii. p. 727; Andree, loc. cit. pp. 146, et seq.; Balfour, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 251.

2738 Wilkinson, loc. cit. vol. i. p.  318. Herodotus, loc. cit. book ii. ch. 92.

2739 Spiegel, loc. cit. vol. iii. p. 677.

2740 Maine, ‘Early Law and Custom,’ p. 235. Schrader, loc. cit. p. 388.

2741 Tacitus, loc. cit. ch. xviii.

2742 Dutt, ‘Hindu Civilisation of the Brahmana Period,’ in ‘The Calcutta Review,’ vol. lxxxv. p. 266. Kaegi, ‘The Rigveda,’ p. 15. Roth, ‘On the Morality of the Veda,’ in ‘Jour. American Oriental Soc.,’ vol iii. p. 339.

2743 ‘Rig-Veda Sanhitá,’ mandala ii. súkta 39.

2744 Egede, loc. cit. pp. 138, et seq.

2745 Holmberg, in ‘Acta Soc. Sci. Fennicæ,’ vol. iv. p. 313.

2746 Ibid., vol. iv. p. 399.

2747 Franklin, ‘Journey,’ p. 70.