TIME AND TIDE

BY WEARE AND TYNE

TWENTY-FIVE LETTERS TO A WORKING MAN OF SUNDERLAND ON THE LAWS OF WORK

		PAGE
	Preface	ix
LETTER
I.	Co-operation	1
	The two kinds of Co-operation.—In its highest sense it is not yet thought of.
II.	Contentment	4
	Co-operation, as hitherto understood, is perhaps not expedient.
III.	Legislation	7
	Of True Legislation.—That every Man may be a Law to himself.
IV.	Expenditure	11
	The Expenses for Art and for War.
V.	Entertainment	13
	The Corruption of Modern Pleasure.—(Covent Garden Pantomime.)
VI.	Dexterity	18
	The Corruption of Modern Pleasure.—(The Japanese Jugglers.)
VII.	Festivity	20
	Of the Various Expressions of National Festivity.
VIII.	Things Written	22
	The Four Possible Theories respecting the Authority of the Bible.
IX.	Thanksgiving	27
	The Use of Music and Dancing under the Jewish Theocracy, compared with their Use by the Modern French.
X.	Wheat-Sifting	32
	The Meaning, and Actual Operation, of Satanic or Demoniacal Influence.
XI.	The Golden Bough	38
	The Satanic Power is mainly Twofold: the Power of causing Falsehood and the Power of causing Pain. The Resistance is by Law of Honor and Law of Delight.
XII.	Dictatorship	41
	The Necessity of Imperative Law to the Prosperity of States.
XIII.	Episcopacy and Dukedom	45
	The Proper Offices of the Bishop and Duke; or, "Overseer" and "Leader."
XIV.	Trade-Warrant	51
	The First Group of Essential Laws.—Against Theft by False Work, and by Bankruptcy.—Necessary Publicity of Accounts.
XV.	Per-Centage	54
	The Nature of Theft by Unjust Profits.—Crime can finally be arrested only by Education.
XVI.	Education	59
	Of Public Education irrespective of Class distinction. It consists essentially in giving Habits of Mercy, and Habits of Truth. (Gentleness and Justice.)
XVII.	Difficulties	66
	The Relations of Education to Position in Life.
XVIII.	Humility	68
	The harmful Effects of Servile Employments. The possible Practice and Exhibition of sincere Humility by Religious Persons.
XIX.	Broken Reeds	73
	The General Pressure of Excessive and Improper Work, in English Life.
XX.	Rose-gardens	78
	Of Improvidence in Marriage in the Middle Classes; nd of the advisable Restrictions of it.
XXI.	Gentillesse	83
	Of the Dignity of the Four Fine Arts; and of the Proper System of Retail Trade.
XXII.	The Master	88
	Of the Normal Position and Duties of the Upper Classes. General Statement of the Land Question.
XXIII.	Landmarks	93
	Of the Just Tenure of Lands; and the Proper Functions of high Public Officers.
XXIV.	The Rod and Honeycomb	101
	The Office of the Soldier.
XXV.	Hyssop	108
	Of inevitable Distinction of Rank, and necessary Submission to Authority. The Meaning of Pure-Heartedness. Conclusion.

APPENDICES.

APPENDIX		PAGE
I.	Expenditure on Science and Art	119
II.	Legislation of Frederick the Great	120
III.	Effect of Modern Entertainments on the Mind of Youth	124
IV.	Drunkenness as the Cause of Crime	124
V.	Abuse of Food	126
VI.	Regulations of Trade	128
VII.	Letter to the Editor of the Pall Mall Gazette	130

THE SEVEN LAMPS OF ARCHITECTURE

LECTURES ON ARCHITECTURE AND PAINTING

The Study of Architecture

By John Ruskin

CONTENTS.


SEVEN LAMPS OF ARCHITECTURE.
	PAGE
Preface	5

Introduction	9
CHAPTER I.
The Lamp of Sacrifice	15
CHAPTER II.
The Lamp of Truth	34
CHAPTER III.
The Lamp of Power	69
CHAPTER IV.
The Lamp of Beauty	100
CHAPTER V.
The Lamp of Life	142
CHAPTER VI.
The Lamp of Memory	167
CHAPTER VII.
The Lamp of Obedience	188

Notes	203

LECTURES ON ARCHITECTURE AND PAINTING.
Preface	213
Lecture I.	217
Lecture II.	248
Addenda to Lectures I. and II.	270
Lecture III. Turner and his Works	287
Lecture IV. Pre-Raphaelitism	311
Addenda to Lecture IV.	334

THE STUDY OF ARCHITECTURE.
An Inquiry into the Study of Architecture	339

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.


SEVEN LAMPS OF ARCHITECTURE
PLATE		PAGE
I.	Ornaments from Rouen, St. Lo, and Venice	33
II.	Part of the Cathedral of St. Lo, Normandy	55
III.	Traceries from Caen, Bayeux, Rouen and Beavais	60
IV.	Intersectional Mouldings	66
V.	Capital from the Lower Arcade of the Doge's Palace, Venice	88
VI.	Arch from the Facade of the Church of San Michele at Lucca	90
VII.	Pierced Ornaments from Lisieux, Bayeux, Verona, and Padua	93
VIII.	Window from the Ca' Foscari, Venice	95
IX.	Tracery from the Campanile of Giotto, at Florence.	Frontispiece.
X.	Traceries and Mouldings from Rouen and Salisbury	122
XI.	Balcony in the Campo, St. Benedetto, Venice	131
XII.	Fragments from Abbeville, Lucca, Venice and Pisa	149
XIII.	Portions of an Arcade on the South Side of the Cathedral of Ferrara	161
XIV.	Sculptures from the Cathedral of Rouen	165

UNTO THIS LAST AND OTHER ESSAYS ON POLITICAL ECONOMY

By John Ruskin

CONTENTS.

PART I.

	PAGE
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ART	7

Lecture I.	11
1. Discovery	23
2. Application	28

Lecture II.	46
3. Accumulation	46
4. Distribution	65

Addenda	86
Note 1.—"Fatherly Authority"	86
" 2.—"Right to Public Support"	90
" 3.—"Trial Schools"	95
" 4.—"Public Favour"	101
" 5.—"Invention of new wants"	102
" 6.—"Economy of Literature"	104
" 7.—"Pilots of the State"	106
" 8.—"Silk and Purple"	107

PART II.

	PAGE
UNTO THIS LAST	117

Essay
I.—The Roots of Honour	127
II.—The Veins of Wealth	143
III.—"Qui Judicatis Terram"	156
IV.—Ad Valorem	173

PART III.

	PAGE
ESSAYS ON POLITICAL ECONOMY [A]

I.—Maintenance of Life: Wealth, Money and Riches	207
Section 1. Wealth	214
" 2. Money	219
" 3. Riches	222

II.—Nature of Wealth, Variations of Value, The National Store, Nature of Labour, Value and Price, The Currency	225

III.—The Currency-holders and Store-holders, The Disease of Desire	252

IV.—Laws and Governments: Labour And Riches	278

[A] These Essays were afterwards revised and amplified, and published with others under the title "Munera Pulveris."

THE EAGLE'S NEST

TEN LECTURES ON THE RELATION OF NATURAL SCIENCE TO ART

GIVEN BEFORE THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, IN LENT TERM, 1872

By John Ruskin

LECTURE I.
February 8, 1872.
	Page
THE FUNCTION IN ART OF THE FACULTY CALLED BY THE GREEKS oio?a	1
LECTURE II.
February 10, 1872.

THE FUNCTION IN SCIENCE OF THE FACULTY CALLED BY THE GREEKS oio?a	25
LECTURE III.
February 15, 1872.

THE RELATION OF WISE ART TO WISE SCIENCE	46
LECTURE IV.
February 17, 1872.

THE FUNCTION IN ART AND SCIENCE OF THE VIRTUE CALLED BY THE GREEKS ouonio?ic	74
LECTURE V.
February 22, 1872.

THE FUNCTION IN ART AND SCIENCE OF THE VIRTUE CALLED BY THE GREEKS a?oan?a?a	89
LECTURE VI.
February 24, 1872.

THE RELATION TO ART OF THE SCIENCE OF LIGHT	114
LECTURE VII.
February 29, 1872.

THE RELATION TO ART OF THE SCIENCES OF INORGANIC FORM	138
LECTURE VIII.
March 2, 1872.

THE RELATION TO ART OF THE SCIENCES OF ORGANIC FORM	161
LECTURE IX.
March 7, 1872.

INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTARY EXERCISES IN PHYSIOLOGIC ART. THE STORY OF THE HALCYON	188
LECTURE X.
March 9, 1872.

INTRODUCTION TO ELEMENTARY EXERCISES IN HISTORIC ART. THE HERALDIC ORDINARIES	225

RUSKIN RELICS

By W. G. Collingwood

Author Of "The Life Of John Ruskin

With Fifty Illustrations By John Ruskin And Others

CHAPTER		PAGE
I.	Ruskin's Chair	1
II.	Ruskin's "Jump"	13
III.	Ruskin's Gardening	29
IV.	Ruskin's Old Road	45
V.	Ruskin's "Cashbook"	63
VI.	Ruskin's Ilaria	83
VII.	Ruskin's Maps	105
VIII.	Ruskin's Drawings	119
IX.	Ruskin's Hand	133
X.	Ruskin's Music	149
XI.	Ruskin's Jewels	165
XII.	Ruskin's Library	179
XIII.	Ruskin's Bibles	193
XIV.	Ruskin's "Isola"	213
	Index	299

ILLUSTRATIONS

	Page
Ruskin's Study at Brantwood	5
Brantwood Harbour in the Seventies	17
Coniston Hall and Boathouse	18
Ruskin's "Jump" adrift off Brantwood	19
The Ruskin Museum, Coniston	22
Trial Model for the Jumping Jenny	25
The Waterfall at Brantwood Door	33
Ruskin's Reservoir, Brantwood	37
Ruskin's Moorland Garden	41
On Ruskin's Old Road, between Morez and Les Rousses, 1882	53
Lake of Geneva and Dent d'Oches under the Smoke-cloud	57
The Gorge of Monnetier and Buttresses of the SalÃ¨ve, 1882	61
Mont Blanc clearing; Sallenches, Sept. 1882	67
The Head of the Lake of Annecy	71
The Mont Cenis Tunnel in Snow, Nov. 11, 1882	75
A Savoy Town in Snow, Nov. 1882	79
The Palace of Paolo Guinigi, Lucca	87
Ilaria del Carretto; head of the Effigy	91
Thunderstorm clearing, Lucca	95
The Marble Mountains of Carrara from the Lucca Hills	99
Ruskin's first Map of Italy	108
Geology on the Old Road, by John Ruskin	109
Sketch of Spain, by John Ruskin	112
Physical Sketch of Savoy, by John Ruskin	113
The History of France, by John Ruskin	117
Early Journal at Coniston, by John Ruskin	137
Ruskin's Handwriting in 1836	139
Ruskin's Handwriting in 1837	141
Notes for "Stones of Venice," by John Ruskin	143
Ruskin's Handwriting in 1875	145
Ruskin's Piano in Brantwood Drawing-room	153
John Ruskin in the Seventies, by Prof. B. Creswick	157
At Marmion's Grave; air by John Ruskin (two pages of Music)	160
"Trust Thou Thy Love," facsimile of music by John Ruskin	163
Gold as it Grows	169
Native Silver, by John Ruskin	170
Page from an early Mineral Catalogue, by John Ruskin	171
Letter on Snow Crystals, by John Ruskin	174
Diamond Diagrams, by John Ruskin	175
Ruskin's Swiss Figure	185
His "Nuremberg Chronicle" and Pocket "Horace"	189
The Bible from which John Ruskin learnt in Childhood	197
Sermon-book written by Ruskin as a Boy	199
Greek Gospels with Annotations by Ruskin	201
King Hakon's Bible, owned by Ruskin	203
An Illuminated Page of King Hakon's Bible	207
Lady Mount Temple, portrait by Edward Clifford	217
Lady Mount Temple, chalk drawing by G. F. Watts, R.A	221
Lady Mount Temple, 1886	223
Lady Mount Temple, 1889	224