941. Matth. H. L.

942. Heind. on Hor. Sat. p. 40.

943. Dion. Cas. xi. 63.

944. Macrob. Saturn. ii. 9.

945. Dion. xliii. 9.

946. Jug. c. 30.

947. Cat. iv.

948. Bel. Cat. vii.

949. De Leg. i. 2; Brut. 64.

950. B. C. 66.

951. Lect. R. H. lxxxviii.

952. B. C. 63.

953. Cat. vii.

954. Quint. I. O. x. 1.

955. Ep. cxiv.

956. Justin, xliii. 5.

957. Born B. C. 378.

958. Ep. I. 62.

959. Tac. Ann. iv. 34.

960. Quint. x. i. 39.

961. Suet. V. Cl. 41.

962. Ep. II. 3.

963. Nisard, ii. 405.

964. Lib. xliii. 13.

965. B. C. 9.

966. See Smith’s Biog. ii. 791.

967. Viz., 136 and 137.

968. Sen. Suasor. 100.

969. Euseb. Chron.

970. Sen. Proem. to Controv. V.

971. Inst. Or. x. 1.

972. See Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 39, and Tac. Hist. iii. 72.

973. See i. 50; iv. 35; vi. 27.

974. Augustus, according to Tacitus, (Ann. iv. 3,) thought Livy so violent a Pompeian that he once forbade one of his grandsons to read his history.

975. Cic. Or. ii. 12; Quint. x. 2, 7; Serv. in Æn. i. 373.

976. See Arnold’s Hist. of Rome.

977. Lib. x. 38; iv. 7, 23.

978. Vesp. 8. See also Tac. Hist. iii. 71.

979. Or. i. 43.

980. Com. de Font. Hist. Liv.

981. Vide Niebuhr (Lect. on Rom. Lit. vii.,) who takes the opposite view.

982. Lib. ii. 21; iv. 7; vi. 1.

983. Val. Max. i. 7; ad Att. xiii. 8.

984. V. Hann. 22. Cornelius Nepos says that the Alpis Graia derived its name from Hercules having passed by that route. Probably the real derivation of the epithet is the root of the German “Grau.”

985. Bell. Gall. i. 11.

986. R. L. Lect. viii.

987. Lib. ii. 56, 10.

988. Quint. x. i. 101.

989. Lib. x. i. 101.

990. Lib. viii. i. 1, 5, 56.

991. Provincialism is not an accurate term; for the worst Latin was spoken in Italy, whilst the only Latin spoken in the provinces or conquered dependencies was as polished as that of the capital.

992. Lect. R. L. viii.

993. Orell. Ins. Lat. 4145.

994. See Smith’s Dict. of Biogr. sub. v.

995. Lib. vi. Præf. and Vita Vitr. ed. Bipont.

996. Lib. vi. Præf. and Vita Vitr. ed. Bipont.

997. Lib. ii. 6.

998. Life and Trans. of Vitr. 1791.

999. See his Preface.

1000. Lib. i.

1001. Lib. ii.

1002. Lib. iii. and iv.

1003. Lib. v.

1004. Lib. vi.

1005. Lib. vii.

1006. Lib. viii.

1007. Lib. ix.

1008. Lib. x.

1009. See Philolog. Museum, vol. i. p. 536.

1010. Lib. v. i. 13.

1011. A. D. 14.

1012. Prol. lib. i.

1013. Prol. lib. iii.

1014. Lib. iii. 20.

1015. Cons. ad Polybium, 27.

1016. Prol. lib. iii.

1017. Lib. iii. 40.

1018. Lib. ii. 7.

1019. Lib. v. 4.

1020. Lib. i. 15.

1021. See Nisard, Etudes sur les Poëtes Latins, tom. i. 9.

1022. Dion. Cass. lviii. 19.

1023. Tac. Ann. vi. 38.

1024. Hæc Tiberius non mari, ut olim, divisus, neque per longinquos nuntios accipiebat, sed urbem juxta; eodem ut die, vel noctis interjectu, literis consulum rescriberet; quasi aspiciens undantem per domos sanguinem, aut manus carnificum.—Tac. Ann. vi. 39.

1025. Lib. i. 6.

1026. Suet. Vit. Claud. 27.

1027. A. D. 23.

1028. Tac. Ann. I. i.

1029. Vide Suet. Vit. Calig. 27.

1030. Suet. Claud. 42.

1031. Lib. iv. 6.

1032. See lib. i. 2, 9; ii. 7, 8; iii. 6, 9.

1033. Ecl. viii. 10.

1034. Tac. Ann. xiv. 52.

1035. Inst. Or. ix. 2, 9.

1036. Annal. xiv.

1037. Epist. v.

1038. Lib. i. Ep. 6.

1039. Bernhardy, Grund. p. 373.

1040. A. D. 472.

1041. Nisard, Etudes, tom. i. 88, et seq.

1042. Tac. Ann. xv. 63.

1043. See Nisard.

1044. lxxxvi.

1045. liv.

1046. v. 156.

1047. v. 393.

1048. Of the closeness with which Seneca imitated the Greek tragic poets, the two following passages will serve as specimens:—

1049. Juv. vi. 451; vii. 219.

1050. Suet. Pers. Vit.

1051. De Illust. Gram. 23.

1052. Ruperti in Juv. vii.

1053. Sat. iii. 44.

1054. Quint. I. O. ii. 7; x. 5.

1055. Quintilian (I. O. x. 96) pronounces the lyric poetry of Bassus inferior only to that of Horace; but only two lines of his poems are extant. He was destroyed by the same eruption in which Pliny the elder perished.

1056. Tac. Ann. xvi. 21.

1057. Sat. i. 12.

1058. Lib. x. 1.

1059. Trans. of Juv. and Pers. vol. i. p. lxvii. Introd.

1060. See Spect. No. 207.

1061. Sat. ii. 71.

1062. Sat. iii. 98.

1063. De Civ. Dei, v.

1064. Sat. iii. 35.

1065. See especially ver. 61.

1066. See this argument quoted by Gifford, ii. xlvii., from H. Frere, v. 14.

1067. Sat. v. 14.

1068. Sat. I. vi. 5.

1069. Ibid. i. 118.

1070. A. P. 102.

1071. Sat. i. 91.

1072. Ibid. II. vii. 87.

1073. Ibid. i. 65.

1074. Sat. II. vi. 10.

1075. Ibid. ii. 10.

1076. Ep. II. ii. 4.

1077. Sat. iv. 12.

1078. Ep. II. i. 80.

1079. Sat. v. 10, 3.

1080. Ibid. vii. 82.

1081. Sat. i. 2–13.

1082. Ibid. iii. 9.

1083. Ibid. vii. 90, 91.

1084. Ibid. iii. 319.

1085. Sat. iii. 137, 148.

1086. Sat. ii. 1.

1087. Ibid. i. and v.

1088. Ibid. ii.

1089. Tac. Ann. xv. 38. See also Juv. S. ii.

1090. Sat. vi.

1091. Nisard, vol. i. 461.

1092. Sat. vii.

1093. Sat. x. sub fin.

1094. Ibid. iii. and x.

1095. Ibid. x. 56–67.

1096. The authorities from which we derive our knowledge of the inner life and social habits and affections of the Romans are:—(1.) Ancient monuments. (2.) Cicero’s speeches and letters; Horace and the elegiac poets. (3.) The later classic poets, such as Juvenal, Martial, Statius. (4.) Gellius, Petronius, Seneca, Suetonius, the two Plinys. (5.) The grammarians. (6.) Greek authors, such as Plutarch, Lucian, Athenæus, &c. See, on this subject, Bekker’s Gallus—Preface.

1097. Ch. viii. v. 12.

1098. Suet. V. Neron. 12.

1099. Tac. Ann. xv. 49.

1100. Tac. Ann. xv. 48.

1101. Ibid. 57.

1102. Ibid. iii. 635, or v. 811.

1103. Ep. i. 61.

1104. x. i. 90.

1105. Lib. iii.

1106. E. g. v. 165.

1107. Lib. vii. 63.

1108. See also iv. 14; vi. 64; viii. 66; ix. 86; xi. 49–51.

1109. Strabo, Geog. v. 167.

1110. See notes to Plin. Ep. ed. Var.

1111. Mart. Ep. viii. 66.

1112. Suet. v. Octav. 101.

1113. Ep. iii. 7.

1114. Nero and Vitellius.

1115. Introd. Lect. on R. H. viii.

1116. Lib. i. 62, 77.

1117. Inst. Orat. x. i. 90.

1118. A. D. 39.

1119. Silv. v. iii.

1120. A. D. 86.

1121. Juv. vii. 82.

1122. Silv. iv. 2.

1123. Lib. vii. 82.

1124. Vide Vita Gyraldi, Dial. iv. de Poet. Lat.

1125. Lib. I. i. 3, 5.

1126. Lib. ii. 2.

1127. Ibid. ii. 7.

1128. Ibid. i. 2.

1129. Ibid. ii. 6; iii. 3.

1130. Silv. ii. 5.

1131. Ibid. 3.

1132. Ibid. 4.

1133. Ibid. iii. 4.

1134. Silv. J. 6; iv. 9.

1135. Lib. i. 6; ii. 7; iv. 3, 9.

1136. Ibid. iv. 5.

1137. Ibid. 7.

1138. See Epig. vi. 21.

1139. I. O. x. 3.

1140. See a passage from Nero’s Troica, in Meyer’s Anthol.

1141. Nevertheless, Aratus enjoyed a large share of popularity. Cæsar and Cicero translated his works; Virgil and Manilius borrowed from them; Ovid and Maximus Tyrius compared him with Homer; and St. Paul was acquainted with his Phenomena, and quotes from it (Acts xvii. 28.) There is an English translation of his works by Dr. Lamb.

1142. Lib. iv. i. 2; x. i. 19.

1143. See Meyer’s Anthol.

1144. Anthol. 52, 80, 81–84.

1145. Lib. ix. 13; v. 33; iv. 65; v. 25, is something like an acrostic.

1146. Lib. ix. Ep. 74.

1147. Vide Nisard, Etudes, i. 335.