The Project Gutenberg eBook of England and the Orleans Monarchy, by Major John Hall.

[430] F.O. Russia 201 and 207, Palmerston to Bligh, October 27, 1832; Bligh to Palmerston, November 17, 1832; Palmerston to Bligh, December 14, 1832; Bligh to Palmerston, January 9, May 29, June 19, 1833 (the whole of this correspondence is in the form of private letters).

[431] The following article appeared in The Times of May 28, 1834: “The recall of Prince Lieven, or rather of Madame la Princesse, is an event. We cannot say of Her Serene Highness that the petit nez retroussé has occasioned much mischief, whatever her organs of speech or her implements of writing may have done. . . . There never figured on the courtly stage a female intriguer more restless, more arrogant, more (politically and therefore we mean it not offensively) odious and insufferable than this supercilious ambassadress. She fancied herself a ‘power,’ she was, however, more frequently a dupe,” etc., etc.

[432] E. Daudet, Une Vie d’Ambassadrice, pp. 170, 180-183.

[433] F.O. Turkey 234, Palmerston to Ponsonby, March 10, 1834 (secret).

[434] F.O. France 497, Wellington to Aston, March 17, 1835.

[435] C. Greville, Journals (1), III. pp. 225-229.

[436] F.O. Turkey 271, Palmerston to Ponsonby, June 20, 1836.

[437] F.O. Turkey 274, Ponsonby to Palmerston, May 15, 1836.

[438] F.O. Turkey 273, Ponsonby to Palmerston, March 14, 1836.

[439] F.O. Russia 223, Durham to Palmerston, February 6, 1836, March 3, 1836 (confidential); cf. Barante, Souvenirs, V. pp. 277-278, 299-300, 346.

[440] Vide p. 168.

[441] H. Bulwer, Life of Palmerston, II. p. 360, Palmerston to Melbourne, July 5, 1840.

[442] F.O. France 520, Granville to Palmerston, February 26, 1836.

[443] F.O. France 489, Granville to Wellington, December 12, 1834.

[444] British chargé d’affaires in Paris.

[445] F.O. France 523, Aston to Palmerston, July 25, 29, 1836 (private letter).

[446] Lesseps, Ferdinand, Vicomte de, conceived in 1854 the great scheme of cutting the Suez Canal.

[447] F.O. Turkey 284, Campbell to Palmerston, October 30, November 18, 1836.

[448] F.O. Turkey 284 and 319, Campbell to Palmerston, December 20, 1836, January 21, 24, April 7, 11, 1837.

[449] F.O. France 562, Granville to Palmerston, June 25, 1838.

[450] F.O. Turkey 271 and 274, Ponsonby to Palmerston, April 8, 1836 (secret); Palmerston to Ponsonby, May 7, 1836 (secret). “His Majesty’s government do not expect that any communication which he (the Sultan’s agent) is to make will induce them to consider an attack upon Mehemet Ali, in the present relative strength of the two parties, as anything but an act of the most extreme impolicy.”

[451] F.O. Turkey 271, Palmerston to Ponsonby, March 7, 1836 (private and confidential).

[452] The Turkish Commander in Asia Minor.

[453] F.O. Turkey 271, Palmerston to Ponsonby, March 29, 1836 (secret and confidential).

[454] F.O. Turkey 342, Campbell to Palmerston, January 22, 1838.

[455] The name given to the immunities and privileges granted in the sixteenth century to France, and gradually extended to other Powers.

[456] F.O. Turkey 328, Palmerston to Ponsonby, February 6, 1838.

[457] F.O. Turkey 332, Ponsonby to Palmerston, August 19, 1838.

[458] On the subject of the alleged ill-treatment of the crew of a ship-wrecked vessel sailing under British colours.

[459] F.O. Turkey 342, Campbell to Palmerston, January 16, 1838.

[460] Ibid., March 27, 1838.

[461] F.O. Turkey 343, Palmerston to Campbell, June 8, 1838; Campbell to Palmerston, June 9, September 1, 1838.

[462] F.O. Turkey 342, Palmerston to Campbell, February 6, March 16, 1838; Campbell to Palmerston, April 3, 5, May 19, 21, 1838.

[463] F.O. Turkey 342, Campbell to Palmerston, May 25, 1838.

[464] F.O. France 557, Palmerston to Granville, July 3, 1838.

[465] F.O. Turkey 343, Campbell to Palmerston, August 16, 24, September 5, 8, 1838.

[466] F.O. Turkey 343, Campbell to Palmerston, September 28, 1838.

[467] F.O. France 564, Granville to Palmerston, September 21, 28, October 5, 1838. F.O. Turkey 332, Ponsonby to Palmerston, October 29, 1838.

[468] H. Rawlinson, Russia and England in the East, pp. 139-151.

[469] Correspondence relating to Persia and Afghanistan, Palmerston to Clanricarde, October 26, 1838; Nesselrode à Pozzo, 20 octobre, 1838; Palmerston to Pozzo, December 20, 1838; Nesselrode à Pozzo, 20 janvier, 1839.

[470] F.O. Russia 252, Clanricarde to Palmerston, May 25, 1839.

[471] F.O. Turkey 274, Ponsonby to Palmerston, May 7, 1836.

[472] H. Bulwer, Life of Palmerston, II. pp. 291-294.

[473] Lettres du Maréchal Moltke sur l’Orient, II. pp. 310-311.

[474] Levant correspondence, Palmerston to Ponsonby, April 12, 1839. F.O. Turkey 355, Ponsonby to Palmerston, March 20, 23, 1839 (confidential).

[475] F.O. Turkey 332, Ponsonby to Palmerston, September 5 (secret), October 3, 13, November 9, December 31, 1838.

[476] H. Bulwer, Life of Palmerston, II. pp. 267-269; Palmerston to Granville, June 8, 1838.

[477] Levant correspondence, Reshid à Palmerston, 26 avril, 1839; Palmerston to Reshid, May 6, 1839; Ponsonby to Palmerston, April 6, 1839. F.O. Turkey 355, Ponsonby to Palmerston, April 22, 1839.

[478] Thureau Dangin, Monarchie de Juillet, IV. p. 48.

[479] Guizot, Mémoires, IV. Pièces Historiques, Bourqueney à Soult, 20 juin, 1839.

[480] Levant correspondence, Palmerston to Ponsonby, July 18, 1839; Palmerston to Beauvale, July 23, 1839.

[481] Levant correspondence, Campbell to Palmerston, May 19, 1839.

[482] Ibid., June 14, 1839.

[483] Ibid., June 16, 1839.

[484] Levant correspondence, Ponsonby to Palmerston, July 3, 1839.

[485] Ibid., July 8, 1839.

[486] F.O. France 584, Granville to Palmerston, July 29, 1839.

[488] F.O. Turkey 360, Ponsonby to Palmerston, November 27, 28, 30, December 3, 1839.

[489] Revue des Deux Mondes, 1^er août, 1852, L’Escadre de la Méditerranée. See also curious remarks of M. Thureau-Dangin, Monarchie de Juillet, IV. pp. 53-56.

[490] Levant correspondence, Palmerston to Granville, July 30, 1839; Palmerston to Beauvale, August 1, 1839; Guizot, Mémoires, Pièces historiques, Bourqueney à Soult, 23 juillet, 1839.

[491] F.O. Russia 243, Palmerston to Clanricarde, October 10, 1838.

[492] Levant correspondence, Dalmatie à Bourqueney, 17 juin, 1839; Beauvale to Palmerston, June 14, 1839; Palmerston to Beauvale, June 28, 1839; Palmerston to Granville, June 29, 1839; Beauvale to Palmerston, June 30, 1839; W. Russell to Palmerston, July 6, 1839; Beauvale to Palmerston, July 10, 1839.

[493] Ibid., Clanricarde to Palmerston, July 27, 1839; Nesselrode à Kisseleff, 15-27 juillet, 1839.

[494] Ibid., Granville to Palmerston, July 30, 1839; Soult à Bourqueney, 26 juillet, 1839.

[495] Ibid., Palmerston to Granville, July 30, 1839.

[496] Levant correspondence, Ponsonby to Palmerston, July 21, 22, 1839.

[497] Ibid., July 26, 1839.

[498] Ibid., July 29, 1839.

[499] Sir Frederick Lamb, created Baron Beauvale in 1839.

[500] Thureau-Dangin, Monarchie de Juillet, IV. p. 58 (note).

[501] Levant correspondence, Ponsonby to Palmerston, July 29, 1839.

[502] L. Véron, Mémoires d’un Bourgeois de Paris, V. pp. 17, 19.

[503] Levant correspondence, Palmerston to Beauvale, June 28, 1839.

[504] Guizot, Mémoires, Pièces historiques, Soult à Bourqueney, 17 juin, 1839.

[505] Levant correspondence, Granville to Palmerston, August 8, 9, 19, 1839.

[506] Levant correspondence, Palmerston to Bulwer, August 20, 1839; Palmerston to Admiralty, August 24, 1839; Palmerston to Beauvale, August 25, 1839.

[507] Ibid., Bulwer to Palmerston, August 26, 1839.

[508] Ibid., August 30, 1839.

[509] F.O. France 586, Bulwer to Palmerston, September 16, 1839 (secret and confidential).

[510] F.O. Turkey 358, Stopford to Ponsonby, August 21, 1839.

[511] F.O. Turkey 372, Palmerston to Campbell, August 13, and September 11, 1839 (separate).

[512] F.O. Turkey 358, Ponsonby to Palmerston, September 10, 1839 (report of General Chrzanowski on battle of Nezib); also Ponsonby to Palmerston, July 29, 1839.

[513] Lettres du Maréchal de Moltke sur l’Orient, p. 340.

[514] F.O. Turkey 358, Ponsonby to Palmerston, August 12, 1839 (report of General Jochmus on battle of Nezib).

[515] F.O. Turkey 357, Ponsonby to Palmerston, August 7, 1839 (enclosing Chrzanowski’s plan for bringing Mehemet Ali to reason).

[516] Levant correspondence, Clanricarde to Palmerston, August 27, 28, 1839.

[517] Ibid., Palmerston to Clanricarde, October 25, 1839.

[518] S. Goriainow, Le Bosphore et les Dardanelles, pp. 52-82.

[519] Levant correspondence, Dalmatie à Sébastiani, 26 septembre, 1839.

[520] Ibid., Palmerston to Bulwer, September 28, 1839.

[521] H. Bulwer, Life of Palmerston, II. p. 348.

[522] Levant correspondence, Palmerston to Clanricarde, October 25, 1839.

[523] Guizot, Mémoires, IV. pp. 365-367.

[524] F.O. France 586, Bulwer to Palmerston, September 13, 1839.

[525] F.O. Turkey 372, Palmerston to Campbell, September 11, 1839 (separate).

[526] F.O. France 587, Bulwer to Palmerston, October 4, 1839.

[527] Guizot, Mémoires, IV. pp. 367-370.

[528] Affaires étrangères, 654 Angleterre, Sébastiani à Soult, 5 janvier, 1840.

[529] Ibid., 27 janvier, 1840.

[530] Guizot, Mémoires, IV. pp. 369-375.

[531] Vide p. 221.

[532] F. Daudet, Une Vie d’Ambassadrice, pp. 236-239. The liaison of Princess Lieven with Guizot is the origin of Balzac’s story, Les Secrets de la Princesse de Cadignan. Guizot figures in the character of d’Arthez.

[533] Guizot, Mémoires, V. p. 63.

[534] Ibid., V. p. 64.

[535] Guizot, Mémoires, V. Pièces historiques, Soult à Guizot, 19 février, 1840.

[536] Affaires étrangères, 634 Angleterre, Thiers à Guizot, 12 mars, 1840.

[537] Guizot, Mémoires, V. p, 207.

[538] Guizot, Mémoires, V. p. 65.

[539] Affaires étrangères, 654 Angleterre, Guizot à Thiers, 12, 16 mars, 1840.

[540] Affaires étrangères, 654, 655 Angleterre, Guizot à Thiers, 13, 16 avril, 1840; Thiers à Guizot, 14, 20 avril, 1840.

[541] Affaires étrangères, 655 Angleterre, Guizot à Thiers, 10 mai, 1840.

[542] Guizot, Mémoires, V. pp. 61, 62.

[543] Ellice, Edward (1781-1863) had been a member of Lord Grey’s government from 1830 to 1834.

[544] Correspondence of Princess Lieven with Earl Grey, III.; P. Lieven to Grey, April 13, 1836; Grey to P. Lieven, May 6, and October 22, 1836.

[545] Creevey Papers, II. p. 309.

[547] F.O. France 600, Palmerston to Granville, October, 1840 (private letter, part of which is given in Bulwer’s Life of Palmerston).

[548] Duchesse de Dino, Chronique, III. p. 228.

[549] Affaires étrangères, 655 Angleterre, Guizot à Thiers, 1 juin, 1840.

[550] Metternich, Mémoires, VI. pp. 430-432, and 454-464.

[551] Affaires étrangères, 655 Angleterre, Guizot à Thiers, 8 mai, 1, 9, 13 juin, 1840; Thiers à Guizot, 16 juin, 1840.

[552] Levant correspondence, Campbell to Palmerston, August 7, 1839.

[553] Levant correspondence, Campbell to Palmerston, September 2, 26, 1839; Campbell to Ponsonby, October 19, 1839; Young to Palmerston, October 16, 1839; Hodges to Palmerston, January 4, 13, 14, 16, 23, February 12, 1840.

[554] Levant correspondence, Wagner to Koenigsmark, November 26, 1839.

[555] F.O. Turkey 392, Ponsonby to Palmerston, March 3, 1840 (secret).

[556] F.O. Russia 260, Clanricarde to Palmerston, February 24, May 23, 1840.

[557] The despatches of the French consuls at this period are not available for inspection.

[558] F.O. Turkey 359, 360, Ponsonby to Palmerston, October 30, November 24, December 18, 1839; F.O. Turkey 392, Ponsonby to Palmerston, January 28, 29, 1840. Levant correspondence, Ponsonby to Palmerston, November 13, 1839.

[559] Coste (Jacques), 1798-1859, founder and manager of the Temps, the organ of the tiers parti. This venture proved a disastrous failure, and M. Coste in 1840 was in pecuniary difficulties. There are frequent allusions to his embarrassments in his correspondence with Fethi Ahmed Pasha.

[560] F.O. Turkey 394, Ponsonby to Palmerston, May 29, 1840 (separate and confidential)—“Your Lordship knows the intimacy which exists between M. Coste and M. Thiers, and he (Coste) undoubtedly does speak (as he asserts) the sentiments of the President of the French ministry.” Lord Ponsonby goes on to state that the original letters have been in his hands. The copies transmitted contain many notes in Palmerston’s handwriting.

[561] F.O. Turkey 395, Ponsonby to Palmerston, July 13, 1840 (separate and confidential).

[562] F.O. Turkey 395, Ponsonby to Palmerston, July 30, 1840 (separate and confidential).

[563] Vide p. 227.

[564] F.O. Turkey 405, Hodges to Palmerston, June 17, 19, 1840.

[565] Guizot, Mémoires, V. pp. 205, 206.

[566] Levant correspondence, Hodges to Palmerston, June 16, 1840.

[567] Affaires étrangères, 655 Angleterre, Guizot à Thiers, 11 juillet, 1840.

[568] F.O. Turkey 394, Ponsonby to Palmerston, June 23, 1840.

[569] Guizot, Mémoires, V. pp. 218-220.

[570] Thureau-Dangin, La Monarchie de Juillet, IV. p. 221. H. Bulwer, Life of Palmerston, III. p. 432; Palmerston to Hobhouse, July 27, 1843.

[571] C. Greville, Journals (2), I. pp. 308-309.

[572] H. Bulwer, Life of Palmerston, II. pp. 356-363; Palmerston to Melbourne, July 5, 6, 1840.