136. Sc. by Cerberus.

137. Qui trop sont desloyaulx gaignons, H.

138. See below, p. 41.

139. Sc. on earth.

140. Aux lyons ne aux ours rampans, H.

141. Sc. allege, take example from; Et pour donner materiel exemple de force, allegue Hercules, H.

142. Sc. high; by, MS; hault exemple, H.

143. Sc. fought.

144. A leaf is here missing from the MS.

145. The complete “texte” in H. runs:—

146. En Crete, H.

147. Fierte, H.

148. De adventu Domini Sermo iii. (Migne, clxxxiii. 45), but the passage is not literally translated.

149. Sa non puissance, H.

150. Chastisyng in chastisyng, MS.; garde et discipline, garde en le gardant de mal faire et discipline en le chastiant se il a mal fait, H.

151. Prov. xxi. 12, 15.

152. Apres te mire en Perseus, H., and so below; cf. Ovid, Met. iv., 610 sq.

153. Belue, H.; monstre, Wyer.

154. Chose couuenable, H.

155. Sc. won; il acquist, H.

156. Sc. should have; deuourer la deuoit, H.

157. Sc. flyeth; qui vole, H.

158. Many, MS.

159. Omitted in MS.; le porte, H.

160. Sermo ccclv., de vita et moribus clericorum (Migne, xxxix. 1569).

161. A bien viure, H.

162. Pour soy, H.; conscientia tibi, fama proximo tuo, S. Aug. The translator evidently read “foy.”

163. Eccl. xli. 15.

164. Sc. the planet Jupiter; Joyus, MS.; de iouis les condicions, H.

165. Jābir ibn Aflah, an Arab astronomer of uncertain date, whose work on Astronomy was published in Latin, in nine books, at Nuremberg in 1534. A 15th century MS. of it is in the British Museum, Harley MS. 625.

166. Perhaps Nicholas of Lynne, a Carmelite who lived in the latter part of the 14th century, and whose astronomical tables were used by Chaucer in his “Astrolabe.” Among other works he wrote tracts “de natura Zodiaci” and “de Planetarum domibus” (Tanner, Bibliotheca, p. 346).

167. Et est figuree a la compleccion sanguine, H.

168. Sc. Pythagoras.

169. Doulce et humaine, H.

170. A Nepocian, H. The passage does not appear to be among the works of St. Gregory, nor in St. Jerome’s epistle to Nepotianus.

171. Matt. v. 7.

172. Traueilleux, H.

173. Sc. Hermes Trismegistus.

174. An unintelligible corruption; fist lange deuenir deable, H. and other Fr. MSS.; doth [make] the aungell to become a devyll, Wyer; superbia est per quam angelus cecidit, per quam Adam de naturæ suæ dignitate dejectus est, Cass. Exp. in Psalterium (Migne, lxx. 843).

175. Tethe, MS.; la mort, H.

176. Sc. vein; la veine, H.

177. Ps. xxx. 7.

178. Sc. drove; le desherita et chaca, H.

179. Sc. ere; peser la chose ains quil donne, H.

180. Ye, MS.

181. Sc. note; peuent notter tous sages, H.

182. Moralia, xxvii. 3 (Migne, lxxvi. 401).

183. Ps. xviii. 10.

184. No such work appears under the name of Cassiodorus.

185. Esdras iii. 12.

186. The translator, not Christine de Pisan, is responsible for making Phœbe masculine.

187. Ep. ad Simplicianum (Migne, xvi. 1085).

188. Ne se plunge point, H.; non tristibus mergitur, St. Ambr.

189. Eccl. xxvii. 12.

190. Folowynge, MS. There is some confusion here in the translation, cf. en ce monde et que le bon esperit par son exemple [pot bien] ensuiuir son bon pere Ihesu Crist et batailler contre les vices, H.

191. Ephes. vi. 12.

192. Soyes aourne de faconde, H. The translator seems to have misinterpreted “faconde,” eloquence, speech, as “falchion.”

193. Sc. old; ce tapprendra Mercurius, H.

194. Qui vont deuant, H.

195. Luke x. 16.

196. Sc. By thy mother enough shall be assigned to thee; te liurera assez ta mere, H. The MS. reads “modus,” and in the next line “bater” (amere, H.).

197. Cuir-bouilli, leather boiled and moulded, while soft, into the required shape.

198. No exposition of the Creed appears among the works of Cassiodorus.

199. Sc. light; lumiere, H.

200. Hebr. xi. 6.

201. Sittyng, MS., and so also below.

202. There seems to be some confusion here between Pallas the goddess and Pallas son of Lycaon and reputed founder of Pallantium, in Arcadia.

203. ? join; il doit aiouster sagece a cheualerie, H.

204. The whiche vertue, MS.

205. Hebrews vi. 18.

206. Sc. Penthesileia, queen of the Amazons.

207. Dont si noble voix est semee, H.

208. Sic, the first letter being of course the Fr. “d’.”

209. Expos. in Ps. xii. (Migne, lxx. 100).

210. Soubz la quelle [pluye] germe la bonne voulente, H.

211. Inimicis benevola, bonis suis superans malos, Cass.

212. 1 Corinth, xiii. 4.

213. Narcissus, whose story is in Ovid, Met. iii. 341 sq.

214. Se esleua en si grant orgueil, H.

215. Cest a entendre loultrecuidance de lui meisme ou il se mira, H.

216. Thi, MS.; est sa vie contenue, H. The translator seems to have read “toute nue.”

217. Job xx. 6, 7.

218. Wrongly translated. H. reads:

The story (Ovid, Met. iv. 420 sq.), which is introduced again further on (p. 112), is much confused here. It is briefly as follows. Athamas by command of Hera married the divine Nephele, and had by her Phrixus and Helle. He was, however, more enamoured of Ino, who bore to him Learchus and Melicertes. Nephele in her anger having returned to heaven, Ino tried to get rid of her rival’s children. For this purpose she caused a famine by roasting the seed-corn before it was sown, and then bribed the messengers whom Athamas sent to Delphi for an oracle to bring back word that Phrixus must be sacrificed. Nephele, however, carried off Phrixus and his sister on the ram with the golden fleece, while Athamas, driven mad by Hera, killed his son Learchus, and Ino threw herself into the sea with Melicertes.

219. Sc. sodden; semer le ble cuit, H.

220. Hys, MS.

221. He, MS.

222. Yno, MS.; la deesse iuno, H.

223. A hole in the roof for the escape of smoke, here perhaps used for the hearth; le sueil, H.

224. Sic, meaning apparently “warring”; but from the reading in H., “a pou ne se entretuoyent,” it is perhaps a mistake for “near-hand,” sc. nearly, almost.

225. Quant la deesse virent tant espouentable, H.

226. Sic ira corrumpit cor, si in alium diem duraverit, S. Aug. Epist. ccx. (Migne, xxxiii. 958).

227. Ephes. iv. 26.

228. Aglauros or Agraulos, daughter of Cecrops. Hermes changed her into a stone for barring his access to her sister Herse (Ovid, Met. ii. 737 sq.).

229. Dey, MS.; seche, H.

230. Sic, probably for “too feloun a spotte”; trop est villeine tache et contre gentillece, H.

231. De Genesi ad litteram, xi. 13 (Migne, xxxiv. 436).

232. Eccl. xiv. 8, but the Vulg. has “lividi.”

233. No, MS.; ne soyes pas lonc ne prolice, H.

234. For, MS.

235. Sc. the eye of Polyphemus.

236. Bedeisus, MS.; no doubt a corruption of “Bede sur les Prouerbes,” H. The reference is apparently to Bede’s Expositio super Parabolas, ii. 20 (Migne, xci. 995).

237. Prov. xxi. 5.

238. Sc. frogs. This story of Latona is from Ovid, Met. vi. 313 sq.

239. Cuidoit, H.

240. Palu, H; maresse, Wyer.

241. Perhaps in error for St. Bernard, Liber de modo bene vivendi, xliv. (Migne, clxxxiv. 1266).

242. Eccl. xiv. 9.

243. Sc. manners; car ses condicions sont ordes, H.

244. Sc. Hippocrates, whose “dictum” was that “sanitas consistit .... non in replendo corpus cibis et potibus” (Add. MS. 16,906, f. 11).

245. Moralia, xxx. 18 (Migne, lxxvi. 556).

246. Philipp, iii. 19.

247. The scene of the story was in Cyprus. Cidonie (Cydonie, H.) apparently comes from a misunderstanding of Ovid, who says of Pygmalion, “Collocat hanc stratis concha Sidonide tinctis” (Met. x. 267).

248. En ot pitie. H.

249. Omitted in MS.; plusieurs, H.

250. Que il en lait a suiure, H.; leue to ensue, Wyer.

251. Apthalin, H.; but it is doubtful who is meant. The name occurs in the “Dicta Philosophorum,” but not with this “dictum.”

252. 2 Pet. ii. 13.

253. The assignment of a particular clause in the Creed to each of the Apostles appears in a sermon printed among the spurious works of St. Augustine (Migne, xxxix. 2190).

254. To, MS.

255. Sc. to plough.

256. Car deuant semoient les gainages sans labourer, H. “Gaineyer” is for “gaigneur,” a husbandman.

257. Lawde, MS.; ainsi que la terre est abandonnee et large donnarresse, H.

258. Qui tant nous a largement donne de ses haulx biens, H.

259. Isis, in her original character as wife of Osiris and inventor of the cultivation of corn.

260.

So H., where “antes,” sc. antez, entez, is from “enter, placer, faire entrer” (Godefroy, s.v.).

261. Sc. Hermes.

262. What, MS.

263. Vn roy, H.

264. Oan, MS., and so below.

265. Pastours, H.

266. Sc. mole; comme la tauppe, H.

267. Lierres, sc. larron, H.

268. And nede, MS.; au besoing, H.

269. Sc. Theseus and Peirithous, who invaded the lower world in order to carry off Persephone.

270. There is some confusion in this passage; se Hercules, qui leur compaignon yere, ne les eust secourus, qui tant y fist, etc., H.

271. Sc. chains; chayennes, H.

272. Sc. Cadmus, who founded Thebes and slew the dragon which guarded the neighbouring well of Ares, and who also invented letters.

273. Sc. won; gaigna, H.

274. Lestude y mist, H.

275. Plus quen nulle autre auoir, H.

276. Et du bien largement y prendre, H. The strange word “theryng” is probably nothing more than “therein.”

277. See Ovid, Met. i. 583 sq. The source of the statement that Io invented letters is doubtful. Possibly it rests only on the two lines (ib. 649):

278. Les vertus de iupiter, H.

279. Tho, MS.

280. Sc. note.

281. Sc. cloud; en vne nue, H.

282. Sc. with; surprendre ou fait, H.

283. Sc. watched; la gaitoit, H.

284. Sc. through.

285. Sc. Pyrrhus.

286. Which, MS.; vn sage, H.

287. Sc. gods; les dieux, H.

288. A wrong translation; tres louable chose est seruir dieu et sainctifier ses sains, H.; tous ses sens humains, G. de Tign.

289. Atropos, one of the Fates, here represented as masculine; a Atropos et a son dart, H.

290. Tout crestien, H.

291. The, MS.; la prouision, H.

292. Bellerophon, whose story is here confused with that of Hippolytus by making Anteia his stepmother.

293. Il mieulx ama eslire la mort, H.

294. Decre, MS.; latrie, H.; latria, Wyer; eo ritu ac servitute quæ græce λατρεία dicitur et uni vero Deo debetur, Aug. de Civitate Dei, vi. præf. (Migne, xli. 173).

295. Matt. iv. 10.

296. Memnon, the Ethiopian, whose father Tithonus was half-brother to Priam, being son of Laomedon by a different mother.

297. Leust occis, H.

298. Trwee, MS.

299. “Rabion” in the “Dicta Philosophorum” (Add. MS. 16,906, f. 9b), where the sentence is “Multiplica amicos qui sunt medicamina animarum.” The Museum MSS. of G. de Tignonville’s French version and of the English versions of Earl Rivers and Scrope read “Sabion” or “Zabion.”