197. L’Art et la Poésie chez l’Enfant, 1888.

198. Op. cit., p. 7 and p. 11 f.

199. Notes on the Development of a Child, p. 91 ff.

200. Cf. Perez, L’Art et la Poésie chez l’Enfant, p. 41 ff.

201. See Baldwin’s two articles on ‘A New Method of Child-study’ in Science, April, 1893, and his volume, Mental Development in the Child and the Race.

202. The influence of such authority is especially evident in the selection of harmonious shades of colour for dress, etc. Cf. Miss Shinn, op. cit., p. 95.

203. On the nature of the early feeling for dress see Perez, L’Art et la Poésie chez l’Enfant.

204. See Perez, L’Art et la Poésie chez l’Enfant, p. 90 f.

205. Op. cit., p. 103.

206. An excellent sketch of the growth of our feeling for the romantic and sublime beauty of mountains is given by Mr. Leslie Stephen in one of the most delightful of his works, The Playground of Europe.

207. Op cit., p. 115 ff.

208. Mind, iii., p. 393.

209. Notes on the Development of a Child, i., p. 71 f.

210. See Romanes, Animal Intelligence, pp. 311 and 453 ff. The only exception is a photograph which is said to have been ‘large,’ p. 453.

211. Op. cit., i., p. 74.

212. Professor Petrie reminds me that a like absence of the perception of position shows itself in the way in which letters are drawn in early Greek and Phœnician writings.

213. Op. cit., i., p. 72.

214. Romanes, op. cit., p. 453.

215. Op. cit., ii., p. 104.

216. Quoted by Perez, op. cit., p. 216.

217. Op. cit., pp. 215, 216.

218. See Grosse, Die Anfänge der Kunst, pp. 106, 107.

219. The whole subject of the attitude of the child-mind towards dress and ornament is well dealt with by Perez, op. cit., chap. i.

220. Preyer places the first imitative movement in the fourth month (op. cit., cap. 12). Baldwin, however, dates the first unmistakable appearance in the case of his little girl in the ninth month (Mental Development, p. 131).

221. Virginibus Puerisque, ‘Child’s Play’.

222. The telling of stories to other children does not, I conceive, fall under my definition of play. It is child-art properly so called.

223. Virginibus Puerisque, ‘Child’s Play’.

224. According to Mr H. Rutgers Marshall art-activity takes its rise in the instinct to attract others (Pain, Pleasure, and Æsthetics).

225. Grosse, Anfänge der Kunst, p. 48.

226. The child’s feeling for climax shown in these is further illustrated in a charming story taken down by Miss Shinn, but unfortunately too long to quote here. See Overland Monthly, vol. xxiii., p. 19.

227. Perez deals with children’s literary compositions in the work already quoted (chap. ix.). Cf. Paola Lombroso, op. cit., cap. viii. and ix.