London Labour and the London Poor (Vol. 4 of 4), by Henry Mayhew

Counties.	Average Marriages for 10 years, from 1830-48.	Total Number committed for Bigamy.										Total for 10 Years.	Annual Average.	No. committed Annually in every 100,000 Marriages.	Percentage above and below the Average. † denotes above. * „ below.
Counties.	Average Marriages for 10 years, from 1830-48.	1841	1842	1843	1844	1845	1846	1847	1848	1849	1850	Total for 10 Years.	Annual Average.	No. committed Annually in every 100,000 Marriages.
Bedford	925	1	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	1	..	3	0·3	32	* 45·8
Berks	1,294	1	1	2	..	..	..	2	1	..	..	7	0·7	54	* 8·5
Bucks	960	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Cambridge	1,392	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1	1	3	0·3	22	* 62·7
Chester	2,580	4	7	11	6	2	2	12	6	9	8	67	6·7	259	†338·9
Cornwall	2,447	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1	..	..	2	0·2	8	* 86·4
Cumberland	1,036	2	..	1	3	2	2	..	1	2	..	13	1·3	125	† 11·2
Derby	1,826	..	1	..	..	..	3	..	..	..	2	6	0·6	33	* 44·1
Devon	4,339	1	..	2	2	1	1	1	3	3	..	14	1·4	32	* 45·8
Dorset	1,174	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	1	0·1	9	* 4·8
Durham	2,885	..	6	3	1	2	3	3	4	4	2	28	2·8	97	† 64·4
Essex	2,114	2	..	1	2	..	1	..	..	..	..	6	0·6	28	* 52·5
Gloucester	3,459	2	1	5	..	..	1	..	3	2	..	14	1·4	40	* 32·2
Hereford	634	1	..	1	..	..	..	1	1	..	..	4	0·4	63	† 6·8
Hertford	988	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Hunts	452	..	..	2	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2	0·2	44	* 25·4
Kent	4,047	2	5	3	2	2	3	2	..	1	1	21	2·1	52	* 11·9
Lancaster	17,034	13	11	35	19	20	27	29	19	19	20	212	21·2	124	†110·2
Leicester	1,730	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	0·1	6	* 89·8
Lincoln	2,765	..	..	1	4	..	1	1	2	3	2	14	1·4	51	* 13·6
Middlesex	15,795	8	8	10	9	16	9	12	10	9	11	102	10·2	65	† 10·2
Monmouth	1,281	..	2	2	1	1	..	..	..	2	2	10	1·0	78	† 32·2
Norfolk	3,021	..	1	3	2	..	1	..	2	1	2	12	1·2	39	* 33·9
Northampton	1,597	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	0·1	6	* 89·8
Northumberland	2,047	..	1	..	1	..	3	1	1	..	..	7	0·7	34	* 42·4
Nottingham	2,084	..	..	..	1	..	3	1	..	..	..	5	0·5	24	* 59·3
Oxford	1,158	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Rutland	158	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Salop	1,590	2	1	..	1	..	1	..	..	..	..	5	0·5	31	* 47·5
Somerset	3,113	1	2	1	..	1	1	..	1	1	1	9	0·9	29	* 50·9
Southampton	2,884	..	..	2	..	..	..	1	..	..	2	5	0·5	17	* 71·2
Stafford	4,146	1	3	1	1	1	2	1	3	2	4	19	1·9	46	* 22·0
Suffolk	2,369	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1	..	2	0·2	8	* 86·4
Surrey	5,187	2	7	5	2	3	3	4	4	5	8	43	4·3	83	† 40·7
Sussex	2,134	..	..	..	..	1	1	..	2	..	..	4	0·4	19	* 67·8
Warwick	3,247	3	1	2	..	1	3	3	4	2	1	20	2·0	62	† 5·1
Westmorland	390	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1	..	..	2	0·2	51	* 13·6
Wilts	1,618	..	..	..	..	1	1	..	..	..	..	2	0·2	12	* 79·7
Worcester	2,769	..	..	3	..	1	1	2	1	3	1	12	1·2	43	* 27·1
York	13,332	3	6	6	8	4	9	7	14	9	13	79	7·9	59	* . ..
North Wales	2,582	..	1	1	..	2	..	..	2	1	1	8	0·8	31	* 47·5
South Wales	4,076	1	..	1	..	1	..	1	1	2	..	7	0·7	17	* 71·2
Total for England and Wales	130,670	50	65	107	69	62	82	84	88	83	82	772	·2	59

LIST OF COUNTIES, IN THE ORDER OF THEIR CRIMINALITY WITH REGARD TO BIGAMY, AS SHOWN BY THE NUMBER COMMITTED FOR THIS OFFENCE IN EVERY 100,000 MARRIAGES.

Counties above the Average.

Counties below the Average.

TABLE SHOWING THE CRIMINALITY OF THE DIFFERENT COUNTIES OF ENGLAND AND WALES WITH REGARD TO ABDUCTION.

Counties.	Average Male Population 1841-50.	Total Number committed for Abduction.
Counties.	Average Male Population 1841-50.	1841	1842	1843	1844	1845	1846	1847	1848	1849	1850
Bedford	58,372	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Berks	97,055	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bucks	69,226	..	..	..	..	..	..	.1	..	..	..
Cambridge	89,762	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1
Chester	193,728	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cornwall	168,854	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cumberland	91,199	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Derby	124,224	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Devon	263,055	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dorset	82,998	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Durham	183,956	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Essex	166,255	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Gloucester	192,960	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Hereford	48,985	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Hertford	83,264	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Hunts	28,761	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Kent	291,219	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1
Lancaster	917,922	1	6	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Leicester	111,629	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Lincoln	189,768	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Middlesex	815,107	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1	..	..
Monmouth	85,564	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Norfolk	202,811	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Northampton	102,853	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Northumberland	139,028	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1
Nottingham	138,413	2	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Oxford	83,290	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Rutland	11,937	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Salop	121,316	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Somerset	216,177	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Southampton	186,661	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Stafford	294,120	..	..	..	1	..	1	..	1	..	..
Suffolk	159,561	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Surrey	303,083	..	1	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	..
Sussex	157,915	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Surrey	303,083	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Warwick	217,569	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1
Westmorland	28,680	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Wilts	119,528	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Worcester	119,808	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
York	835,816	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
North Wales	196,064	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
South Wales	279,818	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Total for England and Wales	8,270,087	3	7	..	4	..	1	2	2	..	4

Total for 10 Years.	Annual Average.	No. committed Annually in every 10,000,000 Males.	Percentage above and below the Average. † denotes above. * „ below.
..	..	..	*100·0
1	·1	10	†233·3
1	·1	14	†366·7
1	·1	11	†266·7
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
1	.1	3	*....
7	·7	8	†166·7
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
2	·2	2	*133·3
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
1	·1	7	†133·3
2	·2	14	†366·7
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
3	·3	10	†233·3
..	..	..	*100·0
2	·2	7	†133·3
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
2	·2	9	†200·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
..	..	..	*100·0
23	2·3	3

Counties.	Average Male Population 1841-50.	Total Number committed for Abduction.										Total for 10 Years.	Annual Average.	No. committed Annually in every 10,000,000 Males.	Percentage above and below the Average. † denotes above. * „ below.
Counties.	Average Male Population 1841-50.	1841	1842	1843	1844	1845	1846	1847	1848	1849	1850	Total for 10 Years.	Annual Average.	No. committed Annually in every 10,000,000 Males.
Bedford	58,372	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Berks	97,055	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	·1	10	†233·3
Bucks	69,226	..	..	..	..	..	..	.1	..	..	..	1	·1	14	†366·7
Cambridge	89,762	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	1	·1	11	†266·7
Chester	193,728	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Cornwall	168,854	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Cumberland	91,199	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Derby	124,224	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Devon	263,055	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Dorset	82,998	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Durham	183,956	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Essex	166,255	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Gloucester	192,960	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Hereford	48,985	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Hertford	83,264	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Hunts	28,761	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Kent	291,219	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	1	.1	3	*....
Lancaster	917,922	1	6	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	7	·7	8	†166·7
Leicester	111,629	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Lincoln	189,768	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Middlesex	815,107	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	1	..	..	2	·2	2	*133·3
Monmouth	85,564	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Norfolk	202,811	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Northampton	102,853	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Northumberland	139,028	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	1	1	·1	7	†133·3
Nottingham	138,413	2	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	2	·2	14	†366·7
Oxford	83,290	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Rutland	11,937	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Salop	121,316	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Somerset	216,177	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Southampton	186,661	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Stafford	294,120	..	..	..	1	..	1	..	1	..	..	3	·3	10	†233·3
Suffolk	159,561	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Surrey	303,083	..	1	..	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	2	·2	7	†133·3
Sussex	157,915	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Surrey	303,083	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Warwick	217,569	..	..	..	1	..	..	..	..	..	1	2	·2	9	†200·0
Westmorland	28,680	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Wilts	119,528	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Worcester	119,808	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
York	835,816	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
North Wales	196,064	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
South Wales	279,818	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	*100·0
Total for England and Wales	8,270,087	3	7	..	4	..	1	2	2	..	4	23	2·3	3

LIST OF COUNTIES, IN THE ORDER OF THEIR CRIMINALITY WITH REGARD TO ABDUCTION, AS SHOWN BY THE NUMBER COMMITTED FOR THIS OFFENCE IN EVERY 10,000,000 OF THE MALE POPULATION.

Counties above the Average.

Counties below the Average.

TABLE SHOWING THE RELATIVE AMOUNT OF FEMALE AND MALE CRIMINALITY IN THE SEVERAL COUNTIES OF ENGLAND AND WALES.

Counties.	Average Female Population, 1841-50.	Number of Female Criminals in each year.
Counties.	Average Female Population, 1841-50.	1841	1842	1843	1844	1845	1846	1847	1848	1849	1850
Bedford	62,711	11	36	22	20	15	20	21	22	17	19
Berks	97,708	45	55	43	44	42	37	55	43	52	39
Bucks	71,732	20	23	31	17	25	21	22	21	27	16
Cambridge	90,985	29	28	33	42	34	20	44	32	34	44
Chester	202,190	195	171	170	147	139	183	197	209	169	184
Cornwall	181,137	61	67	75	56	62	67	78	68	69	46
Cumberland	95,563	39	39	38	40	37	36	37	34	36	43
Derby	126,025	21	26	34	33	28	47	24	25	27	25
Devon	291,683	171	194	177	151	184	184	206	226	224	193
Dorset	89,738	46	34	42	41	33	35	51	53	61	38
Durham	184,931	46	57	58	65	40	55	61	72	45	82
Essex	166,108	82	85	99	89	75	89	65	75	64	64
Gloucester	214,544	193	221	224	198	178	190	204	188	188	148
Hereford	48,828	64	49	45	38	39	34	52	52	44	45
Hertford	84,914	35	34	24	27	30	21	28	30	29	23
Hunts	29,181	7	8	10	15	19	14	12	18	15	10
Kent	294,029	161	183	147	156	151	161	171	182	200	167
Lancaster	963,338	927	947	847	689	698	826	882	902	819	950
Leicester	115,991	56	69	55	56	30	61	49	37	38	41
Lincoln	188,477	74	100	86	92	71	78	106	87	91	72
Middlesex	926,007	869	989	980	948	1102	1118	1176	1223	945	882
Monmouth	78,528	63	51	53	77	41	46	67	64	78	97
Norfolk	216,652	112	127	117	127	101	120	143	78	100	89
Northampton	103,642	45	38	25	34	47	41	32	38	24	38
Northumb.	145,749	54	52	66	77	46	43	50	44	64	83
Nottingham	144,171	38	49	43	51	42	45	64	33	37	34
Oxford	82,461	46	48	52	37	44	43	41	35	34	31
Rutland	11,774	6	4	7	3	3	4	7	10	4	2
Salop	122,035	80	75	89	84	73	48	62	65	61	59
Somerset	236,337	172	166	136	160	143	150	141	145	159	134
Southampton	190,379	102	127	124	93	115	94	137	115	120	120
Stafford	285,566	179	190	197	175	161	188	221	176	189	193
Suffolk	165,775	77	80	68	92	66	77	82	57	76	74
Surrey	332,838	212	236	177	194	215	200	316	278	275	237
Sussex	163,028	61	81	83	69	86	93	83	92	101	83
Warwick	226,989	168	157	177	119	144	163	179	199	142	162
Westmorland	28,814	9	9	10	6	7	8	4	6	9	8
Wilts	122,359	65	57	65	57	52	60	86	59	78	47
Worcester	124,766	75	102	104	87	121	105	128	116	112	109
York	850,625	331	380	375	323	290	294	351	344	347	321
North Wales	200,096	60	56	48	45	49	47	68	65	63	62
South Wales	288,612	93	79	84	117	84	91	127	145	134	151
Total for England & Wales	8,648,371	5200	5569	5340	4993	4962	5257	5930	5763	5401	5265

Total Female Criminals in Ten Years.	Average No. of Female Criminals per year 1841-50.	Average No. of Male Criminals [96] per year 1841-50.	No. of Female Criminals in every 100,000 of Female Population.
203	20·3	166	32
455	45·5	268	47
223	22·3	266	31
340	34·0	232	37
1764	176·4	722	87
649	64·9	217	35
379	37·9	95	40
290	29·0	235	23
1910	191·0	596	31
434	43·4	210	48
581	58·1	232	31
787	78·7	559	48
1932	193·2	875	90
462	46·2	187	94
281	28·1	267	33
128	12·8	69	45
1679	167·9	792	57
8487	848·7	2635	88
492	49·2	342	42
857	85·7	398	46
10232	1023·2	3244	110
637	63·7	232	81
1114	111·4	607	51
362	36·2	259	35
579	57·9	177	40
436	43·6	289	31
411	41·1	256	50
50	5·0	28	42
696	69·6	293	57
1506	150·6	751	64
1147	114·7	555	60
1869	186·9	851	65
749	74·9	436	45
2340	234·0	806	70
832	83·2	409	52
1610	161·0	799	71
76	7·6	39	28
626	62·6	394	51
1059	105·9	506	85
3356	335·6	1587	40
563	56·3	233	28
1105	110·5	368	38
53680	5368·0	22474	62

No. of Male Criminals in every 100,000 of Male Population.	Percentage above and below the average of Female Criminals.	Percentage above and below the Average of Male Criminals.	No. of Female Criminals to every 100 Male Criminals.	Percentage above and below the Average of Female to Male Criminals.
284	*48·4	† 4·4	11	*52·2
276	*24·2	† 1·5	17	*26·1
384	*50·0	†41·2	8	*65·2
258	*40·3	* 5·2	14	*39·1
373	†40·3	†37·1	23	* —
128	*43·6	*52·9	27	†17·4
104	*35·5	*61·8	38	†65·2
189	*62·9	*30·5	12	*47·8
227	*50·0	*16·5	14	*39·1
253	*22·6	* 7·0	19	*17·4
126	*50·0	*53·7	25	† 8·7
336	*22·6	†23·5	14	*39·1
453	†45·2	†66·6	20	*13·0
382	†51·6	†40·4	24	† 4·4
321	*46·8	†18·0	10	*56·5
240	*27·4	*11·8	19	*17·4
272	* 8·1	* —	21	* 8·7
287	†41·9	† 5·5	31	†34·8
306	*32·3	†12·5	14	*39·1
210	*25·8	*22·8	22	* 4·4
398	†77·4	†46·3	28	†21·7
271	†30·6	* O·4	30	†30·4
299	*17·7	† 9·9	17	*26·1
252	*43·6	* 7·4	14	*39·1
127	*35·5	*53·3	31	†34·8
209	*50·0	*23·2	15	*34·8
307	*19·4	†12·9	16	*30·4
235	*32·3	*13·6	18	*21·7
242	* 8·1	*11·0	24	† 4·4
347	† 3·2	†27·6	18	*21·7
297	* 3·2	† 9·2	20	*13·0
289	† 4·8	† 6·2	22	* 4·4
273	*27·4	† O·4	16	*30·4
266	†12·9	* 2·2	26	†13·0
259	*16·1	* 4·8	20	*13·0
367	†14·5	†34·9	19	*17·4
136	*54·9	*50·0	21	* 8·7
330	*17·7	†21·3	15	*34·8
422	†37·1	†55·1	20	*13·0
190	*35·5	*30·1	21	* 8·7
119	*54·9	*56·3	13	*43·5
132	*38·7	*51·5	29	†26·1
272			23

The Average	for	all England and Wales is	3	in every	10,000,000	of the Male Population.
„	„	Nottingham and Bucks (the highest)	14	each	„	„

The Average	for	all England and Wales is	62	in every 100,000 of the Female	Population.
„	„	Middlesex (the highest)	110	„	„
„	„	Derby (the lowest)	23	„	„