1686. Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. xxv. 102.

1687. Toxicol. Gén. ii. 60.

1688. Orfila, Tox. Gén. 1813, ii. 254.

1689. Reports of Medical Cases, ii. 203.

1690. Repertorium für die Pharmacie, xxxi. 174.—Professor Orfila, in the last edition of his Toxicologie Gén. [1843, ii. 253], has attacked in no very measured terms this opinion of Professor Buchner and myself. But, although he professes to give a literal translation of the passage above, he has translated it so incorrectly as wholly to misrepresent our opinion. The close of the paragraph, “chemical analysis must often fail to detect opium where there could be no doubt of its having been administered in large quantity,” is rendered into French by the Parisian Professor in these words,—“l’analyse chimique, propre à constater l’existence de l’opium, est souvent inutile, même dans le cas ou il existe une grande quantité de cette substance,”—which is a very different proposition. Orfila clearly overrates the utility of the process for detecting opium, both in this criticism and in his whole observations on the subject, by losing sight of the tendency of absorption to remove the poison beyond reach.

1691. Bombay Med. Phys. Transactions, i. 322.

1692. Die Verdauung nach Versuchen, &c.

1693. Journal of Science, N. S. vi. 56.

1694. Dr. Pereira states that he is obliged to differ from me upon this important subject for he “has several times obtained from the stomach of subjects in the dissecting-room a liquor which reddened the salts of iron” (Elements of Materia Medica, p. 1741). This fact, however, does not exactly touch the question. The reddening must be occasioned, not in the crude fluid, but with a substance obtained by the process of analysis for detecting meconic acid in complex organic mixtures,—otherwise the proposition in the text stands good.

1695. Experiments on Opium. Appendix to Treatise on Febrile Diseases, vi. 697.

1696. Edin. Lit. and Phys. Essays, iii. 309.

1697. Monro, Ibidem, 331, and Philip, ut supra, p. 680.

1698. Toxicol. Gén. ii. 77.

1699. Monro, Edin. Phys. and Lit. Essays, ii. 335, 324.—Charret, Revue Médicale, 1827, i. 515.

1700. On the Operation of Poisonous Agents on the Living Body, passim.

1701. Revue Médicale, 1827, i. 514.

1702. Archives Gén. vii. 558.

1703. Arch. Gén. i. 150.

1704. Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. 1824, xxv, 102.

1705. Journ. de Chim. Méd. 1841, 488.

1706. Narrative of a Visit to the Court of Sinde, p. 231.

1707. Rust’s Magazin, iii. 24.

1708. Archives Gén. vii. 550.

1709. Journal Universel, xix. 340.

1710. American Medical Recorder, xiii. 418, from Gemeinsame Deutsche Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe, 1826, i. 1.

1711. Corvisart’s Journal de Médecine, xvi. 22.

1712. Lond. Med. and Phys. Journal, xlix. 119.

1713. De Usu Opii, iv. 149.

1714. Journal Universel, xix. 340.

1715. London Med. and Phys. Journal, xxxi. 468.

1716. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, vii. 305.

1717. Reports of Medical Cases, ii. 205, 206.

1718. Journal de Médecine, xvi. 21.

1719. Arch. Gén. vii. 552.

1720. London Med. Chir. Trans. i. 77.

1721. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journ. xiv. 603.

1722. Journ. Universel, xix. 340.

1723. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, vii.

1724. Journ. Universel, xix. 340.

1725. Melier in Archives Gén. de Méd. xiv. 406.

1726. Corvisart’s Journ. de Méd. xvi. 21.

1727. Lancet, 1836–37, i. 271.

1728. Aufsätze und Beobachtungen, i. 93.

1729. Ollivier’s case in Arch. Gén. vii. 550.

1730. Corv. Journ. de Méd. xxxiv. 274.

1731. Aufsätze und Beobachtungen, i. 94, 100.

1732. Archives Gén. de Méd. li. 495.

1733. These effects must not be confounded with those which poppy-juice has been known to cause when spoiled. A whole family of Jews were attacked with violent vomiting and purging, in consequence of partaking of a decoction of poppy-heads, which had been kept four days in a hot stove, and had consequently undergone decomposition. The usual narcotism was not produced at all. (Rust’s Magazin, xxii. 484.)

1734. Mém. de l’Acad. des Sciences, xxxviii. 1735.

1735. Toxicol Gén. from Bibliothèque Médicale, Août, 1806.

1736. Corvisart’s Journal de Médecine, iv. 3.

1737. Nouveaux Elémens de Thérapeutique, ii. 60.

1738. London Med. and Phys. Journal, xxviii. 81. This patient took at 4 A.M. two ounces of wine of opium, became drowsy at 6, was capable of being roused at 9, vomited by emetics a liquid coloured with laudanum, and was kept awake for the rest of the day. But at 7 P.M. having previously had a cough and brown sputa from vinegar entering his windpipe, he became gradually more and more insensible, till at last he was quite comatose; and in this state he continued till his death on the evening of the third day. On dissection nothing was found in the brain or stomach attributable to opium.

1739. London Med. and Phys. Journal, xxxi. 468.

1740. Aufsätze und Beobachtungen, i. 85.

1741. Mémoires de l’Institut—Sc. Physiques, ii. 107.

1742. Practisches Handbuch für Physiker, iii. 329.

1743. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, liv. 151.

1744. Paris and Fonblanque’s Medical Jurisprudence, ii. 388.

1745. Lancet, 1837–38, i. 304.

1746. Pyl’s Repert. für die gerichtl. Arzneiwissenschaft, iii. 145.

1747. See, for example, Parent-Duchatelet and D’Arcet on the health and longevity of Tobacco-manufacturers and Woodfloaters, in Annales d’Hyg. Publ. et de Méd. Lég. l. 169, and iii. 245.

1748. Voyages en Perse, iii. 93.

1749. Narrative of a Visit to the Court of Sinde, p. 230.

1750. Two Years in China, 1843, p. 243.

1751. Narrative, &c. p. 231.

1752. Edin. Medical and Surgical Journal, xxxvii. 123.

1753. Journal de Chimie Méd. iii. 24.

1754. Toxicologie Gén. ii. 81, 82.

1755. Journal de Chim. Méd. vii. 250.

1756. Ibidem, 1842, 583.

1757. Journal de Chimie Médicale, Avril, 1827, and Edin. Med. Journ. xxix. 450.

1758. Ibidem, vii. 114.

1759. Bulletins de la Société Philomatique, 1818, p. 54:—Journal de Chimie Médicale, Avril, 1827.

1760. Annali Universali di Med. xxxi. 169, xxxiv. 100.

1761. Journal de Chim. Méd. v. 410.

1762. Mém. de la Soc. Roy. de Médecine, i. 142.

1763. Journal de Chim. Méd. vii. 135.

1764. Revue Médicale, 1829, iii. 424.

1765. Procés Complet d’Edme-Samuel Castaing, p. 31.

1766. Edinburgh Med. and Surg. Journal, lvi. 296.

1767. Toxicol. Gén. ii. 70.

1768. Traité de Médecine Légale, iii. 353.

1769. Ibidem, iii. 356.

1770. Toxicol. Générale, ii. 70.

1771. Meckel’s Archiv für Anat. und Physiol. xiv. 19.

1772. Buchner’s Repertorium für die Pharmacie, xxxvi. 204.

1773. Journal de Chim. Méd. ix. 223.

1774. Bachner’s Toxicologie, p. 203.

1775. Henke’s Zeitschrift für die Staatsarzneikunde, xiv. 456.

1776. Toxicologie Générale, ii. 86.

1777. Krit, Annalen der Staatsarzn. I. iii. 501.

1778. Reports of Medical Cases, ii. 203.

1779. Lond. Med. and Phys. Journal, Feb. 1816.

1780. Magazin für die Gesammte Heilkunde, xvii. 121.

1781. Kritische Jahrbücher, ii. 100. When inflammation is found, it is not improbably owing to irritants given to produce vomiting, but failing to act. This was apparently the cause in a case described by Mr. Stanley, Trans. London Coll. of Phys. vi. 414.

1782. Journ. de Méd. xxxiv. 267.

1783. The reference to this case has been lost.

1784. Augustin’s Repertorium, i. 2, 12.

1785. Medical Jurisprudence, ii. 394.

1786. Kritische Jahrbücher, ii. 100.

1787. Praktisches Handbuch für Physiker, iii. 331.

1788. Corvisart’s Journal de Médecine, xxxiv. 263.

1789. Magazin für die gesammte Heilkunde, iii. 24.

1790. Oral evidence at the Trial, also London Journal of Science, N. S. vi. 56.

1791. Edinburgh Med. and Surg. Journal, liv. 151.

1792. Revue Médicale, 1828, ii. 473, 475.

1793. Sur les Contrepoisons de l’Arsénic, 93.

1794. Beck’s Medical Jurisprudence, 435.

1795. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, xxiii. 416.

1796. American Journal of the Med. Sciences, vii. 555.

1797. London Med. Repository, xviii. 26.

1798. London Med. and Phys. Journal, xlviii. 225.

1799. Reports of Medical Cases, ii. 203.

1800. Diss. Inaug. de Venenis in genere. Argentorati, 1767, quoted by Marx, die Lehre von den Giften, I. ii. 237.

1801. London Med. Gazette, 1839–40, i. 878.

1802. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, xix. 247.

1803. Ibidem, xvii. 226.

1804. London Medical Gazette, xiv. 655.

1805. Lond. Med. Gaz., 1840–41, i. 390.

1806. London Med. Obs. and Inq., vi. 331.

1807. North American Med. and Surg. Journal, July 1826.

1808. London Med. and Chir. Transactions, xx. 86.

1809. Toxicol. Gén. ii. 110.

1810. Le Globe, vii. 525. Août, 1829.

1811. London Medical Gazette, 1840–41, i. 318.

1812. Annalen der Pharmacie, 1833, vii. 270.

1813. Edinburgh Medical and Surg. Journal, xxxix. 381.

1814. Orfila, Médecine-Légale, iii. 374.

1815. Orfila, Toxicologie Gén. ii. 137.

1816. Pharmaceutic Journal, 1843–44, 578.

1817. Orfila, Toxicol. Gén. ii. 137.

1818. Archives Gén. de Méd. i. 297.

1819. Corvisart’s Journal de Méd. xxvi. 353.

1820. On the Poisonous Vegetables of Great Britain, p. 3.

1821. Foderé, Médecine-Légale, iv. 25.

1822. Die Wirkung der Arzneimittel und Gifte, iii. 154.

1823. Acta Curiosorum Naturæ. Also Wibmer, Die Wirkung, &c. 146–154.

1824. Toxicologia, p. 87.

1825. Neues Magazin, ii. 3, p. 100.

1826. Foderé, Médecine-Légale, iv. 23. For another instance of the effects of the seeds, not however fatal, see Acta Helvetica, v. 333.

1827. Edin. Phys. and Lit. Essays, ii. 268.

1828. Medoro in Edinburgh Med. and Surg. Journal, lv. 265.

1829. Toxicol. Gén. ii. 184.

1830. Dr. Schlegel, in Hufeland’s Journal, liv. ii. 29.

1831. Histoire des Solanum. 1813.

1832. Annales d’Hyg. Publique et de Méd. Légale, viii. 334.

1833. Toxicol. Gén. ii. 190.

1834. Journal de Chimie Médicale, 1840, 142.

1835. Dunal, &c.

1836. M. Des-Alleurs in Journ. de Chim. Méd. ii. 30.

1837. Bulletins de la Soc. Méd. d’Emul.—Mars, 1821.

1838. Journal de Chimie Médicale, 1837, 130.

1839. Journal de Pharmacie, xx. 96.

1840. Revue Médicale, xvii. 265.

1841. Schubarth in Journal der Praktischen Heilkunde, li. i. 125.

1842. Fechner’s Repertorium der Organischen Chemie, ii. 70, 75.

1843. Codex Medicamentarius, 389.

1844. Archives Gén. de Médecine, xx. 386.

1845. Archives Gén de Méd. xx. 386.

1846. Chevallier, Annales d’Hygiène Publique, &c. ix. 337.

1847. Archives Gén. de Méd. xx. 387.

1848. Journ. de Chim. Méd. ii. 561.

1849. Médecine-Légale, iii. 385.

1850. Journal de Pharmacie, 1837, p. 27.

1851. Ann. de Chim. et de Phys., xxvii. 200.

1852. Hufeland’s Journal der Praktischen Heilkunde, lii. i. 92.

1853. Journal de Chim. Méd. vi. 723.

1854. Ibidem, 1843, 94.

1855. Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. vi. 347.

1856. Lancet, 1836–37, ii. 324.

1857. Edinburgh Med. and Surg. Journal, li. 339.

1858. Annales de Chimie, xcii. 59.

1859. Diss. Inaug. de Venenatis Acidi Borussici in Animalia effectibus. Tubingæ, 1805.

1860. Recherches et Considérations sur l’Acide Hydrocyanique. Paris, 1819.

1861. Journal Complémentaire, xxviii. 33.

1862. Bemerkungen über die Wirkungen der Blausaure. Hufeland’s Journal der Praktischen Heilkunde, lii. 88.

1863. Bemerkungen, &c. 85.

1864. Recherches, &c. p. 136.

1865. Bemerkungen, &c. 81.

1866. Ibid. 82.

1867. Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. vi.

1868. Recherches, &c. 146.

1869. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, li. 339.

1870. Bemerkungen, &c. 83.

1871. Edin. Med. and Surg. Journal, li. 39.

1872. Krimer detected the acid in the blood of the heart of an animal killed in 36 seconds by a few drops put on the tongue. Journ. Complémentaire, xxviii. 37.

1873. Lassaigne, Journ. de Chim. Med. ii.

1874. Versuche ueber das Nervensystem, 271, quoted by Marx, die Lehre von den giften, I. ii. 154.

1875. Ueber das Amerikanische Pfeilgift. Meckel’s Archiv. für Anat. und Physiol. iv. 203.