LOPE DE VEGA.
His Career and that of Cervantes compared
 
189
Epithets of Praise heaped on him
 
190
His Birth
1562.
190
His Parentage
 
191
His Boyhood
 
191
An Adventure related of him while at School
 
192
He becomes the Protégé of Geronimo Manrique, the Grand
Inquisitor
 
193
He enters the University of Alcala
 
193
He enters the Service of the Duke of Alva
 
194
His "Arcadia;" a Detail of the Story
 
195
Publication of the "Arcadia"
1598.
198
Lope de Vega leaves the Duke's Service
 
198
His Marriage
 
199
He is engaged in a Duel, which causes him to go to Valencia
 
199
He returns to Madrid; Death of his Wife
 
200
He becomes a Soldier, and joins the Invincible Armada
1588.
200
His Eclogue to Claudio
 
200
His Sonnets
1604.
200
A Translation of two of his Sonnets
 
202
Some Account of his "Dorotea"
 
204
Sanguine Expectations of the Invincible Armada
 
209
Piratical Expeditions of Drake and Hawkins excite the
Animosity and Vengeance of the Spaniards
 
209
An animated Description of the setting forth of the Invincible
Armada, by Lope de Vega
 
210
He composes "The Beauty of Angelica"
 
210
He returns from the Armada, and enters the Service of Count
Lemos
1590.
211
His second Marriage
 
211
His Work, "The True Lover"
1620.
212
Extracts from his Epistles
 
213
Uncertain Dates of the various Events of his Life
 
216
Canonisation of St. Isidro
1598.
217
The Reputation of Lope de Vega awakens the Enmity of
Rivals and Critics
 
217
His War with Gongora
 
218
His unexampled Popularity
1616.
219
His Novel
1621.
219
His "Soliloquies on God"
 
220
His Poem on the Death of Mary Queen of Scots
 
220
Exaggerated Account of the Quantity of his Writings
 
220
Anecdote of him and Montalvan
 
221
Extract from his Poems
 
222
His Presentiments of his approaching Dissolution
1635.
225
(18th of August) His Death
 
226
His Funeral
 
226
His Person
 
227
His Character
 
227
The "Dragon tea"
 
228
The "Jerusalem"
 
229
Difficulties of establishing the Theatre in Spain
 
230
Spanish Theatres
 
231
Analysis of the "Star of Seville," by Lord Holland
 
233
Sacred Dramas and Autos Sacramentales of Lope de Vega
 
235
Incongruities of his Plots
 
236


VICENTE ESPINEL. ESTEVAN DE VILLEGAS.
The Poetry of Spain
 
238
Birth of Vicente Espinel
1544.
239
His Parentage
 
239
His Death
1634.
240
Birth of Estévan Manuel de Villégas, named the Anacreon of
Spain
1595.
240
His Parentage
 
240
His original Anacreontics published
1618.
240
His Marriage
1626.
241
His Death
1669.
241
Translation of one of his Sapphics
 
242


GONGORA.
(11th of July.) His Birth
1561.
243
His Parentage
 
243
A cursory Review of his Life
 
243
(24th of May.) His Death
1627.
244
His Person and Disposition
 
245
His early Poetry
 
245
His Style
 
245
His "Song of Catherine of Arragon"
 
246
Extract from his Songs
 
247
His System
 
248
Quotations from Lope de Vega, showing the Absurdity of
Gongora's Style
 
248
The "Polyphemus" of Gongora
 
252
Extract from his "Solitudes"
 
252


QUEVEDO.
The Talent and Genius of the Spaniards during the fourteenth
and fifteenth Centuries
 
255
Their Energies and Genius blighted by the Infamy of the
Political Institutions
 
256
(September.) Birth of Quevedo
1580.
256
His Parentage
 
256
He enters the University of Alcalà
 
256
A Circumstance occurs which obliges him to quit the Court
 
257
He takes refuge in Italy
 
258
Don Pedro Giron Duke of Osuna
 
258
His Character
 
258
The Court of Philip III.
 
258
Quevedo sent as Ambassador to Madrid
 
259
His Success; a Pension bestowed on him
 
259
Duke of Osuna advanced to the Viceroyalty of Naples; his
Victories over the Turks
 
259
The Spanish Power threatens to become omnipotent in Italy
 
260
Charles Emanuel endeavours to make head against it
 
260
The Duke of Osuna opposes the Venetians
 
260
The lawless and dishonourable Means he takes
 
260
He protects the Uscocchi against the Venetians
 
260
The Merchants of Naples and the French make Representations
at the Court of Madrid in consequence
 
260
Osuna ordered to suspend Hostilities
 
260
The Bedmar Conspiracy
1618.
261
Quevedo and Osuna supposed to be implicated in the Plot
 
262
Quevedo escapes from Venice
 
262
Osuna continues Viceroy of Naples; he is suspected of
intending to arrogate Power independent of the King
 
263
He is ordered to return to Madrid
 
263
Cautious proceedings of the Court with respect to him
 
264
Cardinal Don Gaspar de Borgia is named his Successor
 
264
Return of Osuna to Spain
 
264
His Imprisonment and Death
1624.
264
Quevedo, his attachment to Osuna
1620.
264
He is suspected of participating in his treasonable Designs
 
265
His Imprisonment in consequence
 
265
His Liberation
 
265
He is made Secretary to the King
1632.
266
He leaves the Church, and marries
1634.
266
His Wife dies
 
266
His own Words, alluding to his evil Fate
 
267
He is suspected of being the Author of certain Libels; is
arrested and imprisoned in Consequence
1641.
268
Two Letters of his
 
269
His Memorial to Count Olivarez
 
270
His Liberation
 
271
(September 8th.) His Death
1647.
272
His Person
 
272
His Character
 
272
His Style
 
273
A singular Circumstance appertaining to his literary Career
 
274
Critique on his Prose Writings
 
275
His "Vision of Calvary"
 
276
His "Alguazil possessed"
 
277


CALDERON.
Misrule and Oppression destroy the Spirit and Intellect of Spain
 
278
Luzan
 
278
Moratin
 
278
Birth of Calderon
1601.
279
His illustrious Descent
 
279
He enters the University of Salamanca
 
279
He leaves Salamanca
1620.
280
He enters the Military Service
1626.
280
He serves in the Milanese and Flanders
 
280
He is recalled to Court
1637.
280
Innumerable Dramas appear under the patronage of Philip IV.
 
280
He summons Calderon to his Court
 
281
Marriage of Philip VI. with Maria Ana of Austria
1650.
281
Calderon quits the military Career, and becomes a Priest
 
281
He becomes Chaplain to the Royal Chapel at Toledo
1654.
282
(May 29th.) His Death
1687.
282
His Character
 
282
Characteristics of his Plays
 
283
Character of his Poetry
 
285


THE EARLY POETS OF PORTUGAL
RIBEYRO—GIL VICENTE—SAA DE MIRANDA—FERREIRA.
Original Portuguese Tongue
 
288
Alphonso Henriquez, Founder of the Portuguese Monarchy
 
288
Portuguese Poetry
 
289
Bartolomeo Diaz doubles the Cape of Good Hope
1487.
289
Vasco de Gama visits the Shores of India
 
289
A Portuguese Kingdom founded in Hindostan
 
290
Bernardim Ribeyro, the Ennius of Portugal
 
290
Saa de Miranda, Founder of Portuguese Poetry
 
291
Gil Vicente, the Portuguese Plautus
 
292
Antonio Ferreira, the Portuguese Horace
 
292
His Death
1569.
293
His Style
 
293


CAMOENS.
Camoens and Cervantes, their Destiny similar in many Respects
 
295
The "Lusiad," Translation of it
1817.
295
Origin of the Family of Camoens
 
295
Derivation of his Name
 
296
Vasco Perez de Camoens takes the Part of Castile against
Portugal
1370.
297
Birth of Camoens
1524.
298
Foundation of the University of Coimbra by King Diniz
1308.
299
Camoens enters the University of Coimbra
1537.
300
Extract from his fourth Canzone
 
301
Another Extract from another
 
301
He leaves Coimbra
1545.
302
His Arrival at Court
 
302
He falls in Love; his Sonnet in Commemoration of this
Occasion
 
303
The Poetry of Camoens and Petrarch compared
 
304
Translations of Camoens' Sonnets, by Doctor Southey
 
306
Exile of Camoens from the Palace
 
306
Writes several of his Lyrics during his Banishment
 
307
Lord Strangford's Translation of an Elegy written at this
Time
 
307
Bravery of Camoens while with the Troops at Ceuta
1550.
310
Loses one of his Eyes in a naval Engagement in the Straits of
Gibraltar
 
310
He embarks for India
1553.
310
Don Alfonso de Noronha, Viceroy of Goa
 
312
Camoens joins the Armament sent from Goa against the King
of Cochin
 
312
Returns to Goa
 
312
Death of Antonio de Noronha
 
312
Camoens' Letter to a Friend, inclosing a Sonnet and Elegy on
his Death
 
313
Dom Pedro Mascarenhas succeeds Noronha in the Viceroyalty
of Goa
1554.
315
Cruising of the Mahometans detrimental to the Portuguese
 
315
Expedition of de Vasconcellos to protect the Merchantmen
 
315
Camoens joins this Expedition
 
315
Returns to Goa, and writes his ninth Canzone
1555.
315
Extortion and Tyranny of the Portuguese Government
 
316
Causes Camoens to write his Satire, "Follies of India"
 
316
Departs from Goa in the Fleet which Barreto despatched to the
South
1556.
317
Is appointed Commissary
 
317
Description of Camoens' Grotto at Macao
 
318
He composes the "Lusiad"
 
318
On his Return to Goa he is wrecked on the River Mecon
 
319
Arrives at Goa; the Kindness with which he is received by the
new Governor, Dom Constantine de Braganza
 
320
Accused of Malversation in the Exercise of his Office at Macao
 
320
Extract from the "Lusiad"
 
320
Camoens pursues his military Career in India
 
321
He commemorates the Death of Dona Catarina de Atayde
 
322
Pedro Barreto appointed Governor of Sofala in the
Mozambique
 
323
Camoens accompanies him
 
323
His dependent State
 
323
Quarrels with Barreto
 
323
Arrival of his Indian Friends, who supply his Wants, and
invite him to accompany them
 
324
Barreto refuses to let him go until he paid 200 Ducats
 
324
He accompanies his Friends home
 
325
Arrives at Lisbon
1569.
325
The Plague at Lisbon
 
325
Political State of the Kingdom disadvantageous to Camoens
 
325
The "Lusiad" published
1571.
326
Melancholy Circumstances attending the last Days of
Camoens
 
327
Defeat of Sebastian in Africa
1578.
328
Its Effect on Camoens
 
328
Last Scene of Camoens' Life
1579.
328
His Tomb
 
329
His Person
 
329
A Review of his Life
 
330
Extract from the "Lusiad," and a Critique on it
 
332




INDEX


A.

ABDORBHAMAN III., his efforts for
the advancement of literature,
III. 4.

Abreu, Duarte de, III. 324.

Acciajuolo, the seneschal, of Naples,
I. 142.

Acquaviva, cardinal, III. 125.

Aga, Hassan, dey of Algiers, III.
138.

Aguirre, Lope de, III. 110.

Agyropylo, Giovanni, I. 163.

Alfieri, Vittorio, his birth and parentage,
II. 250. His early education;
placed at a public school
at Turin, 252. System of education
pursued at the academy, 253.
Progress of his education, 255.
Circumstances of his life greatly
altered, 256. Anecdote characteristic
of the obstinacy of his
disposition, 258. Visits his mother
at Genoa, 259. Admitted
as ensign into the provincial
regiment of Asti, 260. Visits
Rome and Naples under the care
of an English catholic, 261. Regards
coldly those objects which
render Rome a city of absolute
enchantment, 262. Visits France
and England, 263. Singularities
of his character, 261. Circumstances
of his entrance into Paris,
265. His enthusiasm on visiting
London, 266. Becomes really in
love, 267. Disappointed in a
matrimonial project proposed to
him by his brother-in-law, 268.
Comes of age, according to the
laws of his country, and sets out
on his travels with an income of
1200l. a-year, and a large sum
in ready money, 268. Visits
England; his attachment to a
lady of rank, 269. Is challenged
by her husband, 270. Leaves his
unworthy mistress, and pursues
his travels, 271. Anecdote characteristic
of the violence of his
temper, 272. Becomes a cavalier
servente to a lady of rank, 273.
Determines to break off the disgraceful
intercourse, 274. Gives
the first token of the spirit of
composition, in a sonnet in commemoration
of the freedom he
had acquired, 274. At the age
of seven and twenty, enters into
the difficult engagement with the
public and himself, to become the
writer of tragedies, 275. Difficulties
which he had to overcome,
276. Resolves to pass six months
in Tuscany, to learn, hear, and
feel Tuscan only, 277. His labours
in literature confined
chiefly to formation of style, 278.
Commencement of his friendship
with Gori, 279. Commencement
of his attachment to Louisa
Stolberg, countess of Albany, 280.
Energy and conciseness the distinguishing
marks of his dramas,
282. Outline of his tragedy,
entitled "Philip," 284. Takes
up his residence at Rome, 286.
Remarks on his sacred dramas,
287. His continued intimacy
with the countess of Albany, 288.
Goes into voluntary exile, to prevent
any actual measures of prohibition
and banishment, 290.
Returns to Italy after two years,
absence, 291. Outline of his
tragedy, entitled "Myrrha," 292.
Accompanies the countess of
Albany to Paris, and establishes
himself there, 293. Betakes
himself to writing the memoirs
of his life, 294. Remarks on his
translation of the Æneid, 295.
Driven from France by the revolution
of 1791, 296. Returns
to Florence with the countess of
Albany, 297. His translation of
"Sallust," an excellent specimen
of style, 293. At the age of forty-six,
applies himself with ardour
to the study of the Greek language,
299. His melancholy increased
by the irritation caused
by political events, 300. His last
illness and death, in the fifty-sixth
year of his age, 301. Translation
from a sonnet, in which he describes
his own person, 302.

Alfonso, duke of Ferrara, I. 207.

Allegri, Francesco, I. 145.

Alphonso X., his zeal for literature;
his poetry, III. 11.

Alphonso XI., his poems, III. 12.

Amalasunta, the Gothic queen of
Spain, III. 3.

Andrea, prince of Hungary, I. 91.

Angelo, Michael, I. 34.

Angulo, doctor Gregorio de, III.
201.

Antiquário, Jacopo, I. 165.

Aquinas, Thomas, I. 9.

Archimedes, II. 3.

Aretino, I. 11.

Ariosto, Ludovico, his birth, parentage,
and early education, I.
196. Composes a drama on the
story of Pyramus and Thisbe,
197. Becomes eminent among his
contemporaries for the critical
skill with which he elucidated
obscure passages in Horace and
Ovid, 198. The golden age of his
life shortened by the death of his
father, 199. Obliged, at the age
of four and twenty, to turn from
quiet to active duties, and exchange
Homer for waste books
and ledgers, 200. Remarks on
his satires, 201. Courted, admired,
applauded, and of course envied,
in the first circle of Italian
society, both for his conversation,
his learning, and his poetry, 202.
Remarks on his work, entitled
"Astolpho's Journey to the
Moon," 203. Remarks on his
"Orlando Furioso," 204. Sent by
the duke of Ferrara, as ambassador
to Rome, to pacify the wrath of
Julius II., 205. His second embassy
to Rome, and uncourteous reception
from the pontiff, 206. Singular
manner in which the duke
retaliates for the indignity shown
to himself and his representative,
207. Causes for the principal
interruptions in his literary labours,
208. Refuses to accompany
the cardinal Hippolito to
visit his archbishopric in Segovia,
209. His whimsical letter to his
brother Alessandro on the subject,
212. Persuaded to enter
into the service of the duke of
Ferrara, 217. His literary pursuits
retarded by his struggles
against the solicitudes, discomforts,
and mortifications of narrow
and precarious circumstances,
218. His curious reasons
for not taking priest's orders, 219.
Is patronised by Leo X., 219. His
own account of Leo's ingratitude,
220. Extracts from his satires,
222. His description of his visit
to Rome, and his specious reception
by Leo, 223. Further extracts
from his satires, 224. Simple,
yet facetious, style of his
fables, 225. Appointed to the
government of Graffagnana, a
mountainous district, lying between
Modena and Lucca, 226.
Story of a rencontre with some
of his uncouth neighbours, 227.
Extract from his Fifth Satire, 229.
Invited to accept a third embassy
to Rome, 230. His reason for
refusing, as given in the Seventh
Satire, 231. After three years,
being released from the cares of
his government, he returns with
entire devotion of his time and
talents to the "Sacred College of
the Muses," 232. Anecdote,
characteristic at once of his
phlegm and his acuteness in his
art, 233. Critique on his Seven
Satires, 233. His last illness and
death, 234. His person and character,
236. No poet of any age
has more inseparably identified
his conception with his language,
238. Impossibility of translating
them, 239. Anecdote of, 241.
Whimsical peculiarities of his
personal habits, 242. His last
hours, 243. Monuments to his
memory, 244. Remarks on his
works in general, 245. Review
of his "Orlando Furioso," 250.
Immoral tendency of his writings, 254.

Aristotle, II. 5.

Attila the Hun, I. 2.

Audibert de Noves, I. 68.

Ayala, III. 12.