[161] Cf. ch. xix, p. 44. Wounds of Civil War has several such scenes. In I. i. 1, ‘Enter on the Capitoll Sulpitius Tribune ... whom placed, and their Lictors before them with their Rods and Axes, Sulpitius beginneth’ ... (146) ‘Here enter Scilla with Captaines and Souldiers’. Scilla’s party are not in the Capitol; they ‘braue the Capitoll’ (149), are ‘before the Capitoll’ (218), but Scilla talks to the senators, and Marius trusts to see Scilla’s head ‘on highest top of all this Capitoll’. Presently Scilla bids (249) ‘all that loue Scilla come downe to him’, and (258) ‘Here let them goe downe’. In II. i the action is in the open, but (417) ‘yond Capitoll’ is named; III. i seems to be in ‘this Capitoll’ (841). In IV. i Marius and his troops enter before the seated Senate. Octavius, the consul, ‘sits commanding in his throne’ (1390). From Marius’ company, ‘Cynna presseth vp’ (s.d.) to ‘yonder emptie seate’ (1408), and presently Marius is called up and (1484) ‘He takes his seate’. In V. v. 2231 ‘Scilla seated in his roabes of state is saluted by the Citizens’. Similarly in T. A. I. i, ‘Enter the Tribunes and Senatours aloft: and then enter Saturninus and his followers at one doore, and Bassianus and his followers’. Saturninus bids the tribunes ‘open the gates and let me in’ (63) and ‘They goe vp into the Senate house’. Titus enters and buries his sons in his family tomb, and (299) ‘Enter aloft the Emperour’ and speaks to Titus. There is a Venetian senate house in K. to K. an Honest Man, scc. iii, xvii, but I do not find a similar interplay with the outside citizens here.
[162] W. for Fair Women, II. 93 (Lombard Street), ‘While Master Sanders and he are in busy talk one to the other, Browne steps to a corner.... Enter a Gentleman with a man with a torch before. Browne draws to strike’; Arden of F. II. ii. 41, ‘Stand close, and take you fittest standing, And at his comming foorth speed him’.
[163] T. G. IV. ii (cf. IV. iii. 16, ‘Now must we to her window’, and III. i. 35, 114, where Valentine has a rope-ladder to scale Silvia’s window ‘in an upper tower’ and ‘aloft, far from the ground’); IV. iv. 91, ‘That’s her chamber’; R. J. (orchard scenes), II. ii; III. v, ‘Enter Romeo and Juliet at the window’ (Q1 where Q2 has ‘aloft’; on the difficulty presented by Juliet’s chamber, cf. p. 94); M. V. II. vi. 1, ‘This is the penthouse vnder which Lorenzo Desired us to make a stand’ ... ‘Jessica aboue’ (s.d.) ... ‘Descend, for you must be my torch-bearer’ ... ‘Enter Jessica’ (having come down within from the casement forbidden her by Shylock and advised by Lancelot in II. v); Englishmen for my Money, sc. ix (where Vandalle, come to woo Pisaro’s daughter in the dark, is drawn up in a basket and left dangling in mid-air, while later (1999) Pisaro is heard ‘at the window’ and ‘Enter Pisaro aboue’); Two A. Women, 1495, ‘Enter Mall in the window’; Sp. Trag. II. ii, where spies ‘in secret’ and ‘aboue’ overhear the loves of Horatio and Belimperia below. Lovers are not concerned in Sp. Trag. III. ii, ‘Enter Hieronimo ... A Letter falleth’; III. ix, ‘Belimperia, at a window’; The Shrew, V. i. 17, ‘Pedant lookes out of the window’.
[164] In T. A. I. i a coffin is brought in, apparently in the market-place, while the Senators are visible in the Capitol (cf. p. 58, n. 2), and (90) ‘They open the Tombe’ and (150) ‘Sound trumpets, and lay the coffin in the Tombe’. R. J. V. iii is in a churchyard with ‘yond yew trees’ (3). A torch ‘burneth in the Capels monument’ (127), also called a ‘vault’ (86, &c.) and ‘the tomb’ (262). Romeo will ‘descend into this bed of death’ (28), and Q1 adds the s.d. ‘Romeo opens the tombe’ (45). He kills Paris, whose blood ‘stains The stony entrance of this sepulchre’ (141). Juliet awakes and speaks, and must of course be visible. The Admiral’s inventories of 1598 (Henslowe Papers, 116) include ‘j tombe’, ‘j tome of Guido, j tome of Dido’.
[165] George a Greene, sc. xi, ‘Enter a Shoemaker sitting vpon the Stage at worke’, where a shop is not essential; but may be implied by ‘Stay till I lay in my tooles’ (1005); Locrine, II. ii, ‘Enter Strumbo, Dorothy, Trompart cobling shooes and singing’ (569) ... ‘Come sirrha shut vp’ (660); R. and J. V. i. 55, ‘This should be the house. Being holiday, the beggar’s shop is shut. What, ho! apothecary!’ where the elaborate description of the shop which precedes leaves some doubt how far it was represented; Shoemaker’s Holiday, scc. iii, ‘Open my shop windows’; v, ‘Ile goe in’; viii, ‘Shut vp the shop’; xi, ‘Enter Hodge at his shop-board, Rafe, Friske, Hans, and a boy at worke’ (all before or in Eyre’s shop); x, ‘Enter Iane in a Semsters shop working, and Hammon muffled at another doore, he stands aloofe’ (another shop); 1 Edw. IV, IV. iii, ‘Enter two prentizes, preparing the Goldsmiths shop with plate.... Enter mistris Shoare, with her worke in her hand.... The boy departs, and she sits sowing in her shop. Enter the King disguised’.
[166] Arden of F. II. ii. 52,
Then lettes he downe his window, and it breaks Black Wils head’.
[167] Shoemaker’s Holiday, sc. xi, ‘the signe of the Last in Tower-street, mas yonders the house’; 1 Edw. IV, IV. iii, ‘Heres Lombard Streete, and heres the Pelican’. The Admiral’s inventories of 1598 (Henslowe Papers, 117) include ‘j syne for Mother Redcap’.
[168] Cf. ch. xix, p. 11. The introduction of a meal goes rather beyond the neo-classic analogy, but presents no great difficulty. If a banquet can be brought into a garden or orchard, it can be brought into a porch or courtyard. It is not always possible to determine whether a meal is in a threshold scene or a hall scene (cf. p. 64), but in 1 Edw. IV, III. ii, ‘Enter Nell and Dudgeon, with a table couered’ is pretty clearly at the door of the Tanner’s cottage.
[169] In the theatre usage personages go ‘in’, even where they merely go ‘off’ without entering a house (cf. e.g. p. 53, n. 2). The interlude usage is less regular, and sometimes personages go ‘out’, as they would appear to the audience to do.
[170] Soliman and Perseda, II. i. 227, ‘Sound vp the Drum to Lucinaes doore’ (s.d.). Doors are conspicuous in K. to K. Honest Man; thus sc. ii. 82, ‘Enter Lelio with his sword drawen, hee knockes at his doore’; sc. v. 395, ’tis time to knocke vp Lelios householde traine. He knockes’ ... ‘What mean this troup of armed men about my dore?’; sc. v. 519 (Bristeo’s), ‘Come breake vp the doore’; sc. vii. 662, ‘Enter Annetta and Lucida with their worke in their handes.... Here let vs sit awhile’ ... (738) ‘Get you in ... Here put them in at doore’; sc. vii. 894 (Lelio’s), ‘Underneath this wall, watch all this night: If any man shall attempt to breake your sisters doore, Be stout, assaile him’; sc. vii. 828 (a Senator’s), ‘What make you lingering here about my doores?’; sc. ix. 1034 (Lelio’s), ‘Heaue me the doores from of the hinges straight’; sc. xv. 1385 (Lelio’s), ‘my door doth ope’ (cf. p. 62, on the courtyard scene in the same play).
[171] Thus Humorous Day’s Mirth, sc. v (Moren’s), 111, ‘We’ll draw thee out of the house by the heels’ ... 143, ‘Thrust this ass out of the doors’ ... 188, ‘Get you out of my house!’, but 190, ‘Well, come in, sweet bird’; Shoemaker’s Holiday, sc. xii (Lord Mayor’s), ‘Get you in’, but ‘The Earl of Lincoln at the gate is newly lighted’.
[172] James IV, II. i, ‘Enter the Countesse of Arrain, with Ida, her daughter, in theyr porch, sitting at worke’ ... (753) ‘Come, will it please you enter, gentle sir? Offer to Exeunt’; cf. Arden of F. (vide infra) and the penthouse in M. V. II. vi. 1 (p. 58).
[173] Perhaps the best example is in Arden of Feversham. Arden’s house at Aldersgate is described by Michael to the murderers in II. ii. 189:
Here, then, is III. i. Arden and Francklin talk and go to bed. Michael, in remorse, alarms them with an outcry, and when they appear, explains that he ‘fell asleepe, Vpon the thresholde leaning to the staires’ and had a bad dream. Arden then finds that ‘the dores were all unlockt’. Later (III. iv. 8) Michael lies about this to the murderers:
When the murderers come in III. ii, Will bids Shakebag ‘show me to this house’, and Shakebag says ‘This is the doore; but soft, me thinks tis shut’. They are therefore at the outer door of the courtyard; cf. p. 69, n. 2. Similarly 1 Rich. II, III. ii, which begins with ‘Enter Woodstock, Lancaster, and Yorke, at Plashey’, and ‘heere at Plasshy house I’le bid you wellcome’, is clearly in a courtyard. A servant says (114), ‘Ther’s a horseman at the gate.... He will not off an’s horse-backe till the inner gate be open’. Gloucester bids ‘open the inner gate ... lett hime in’, and (s.d.) ‘Enter a spruce Courtier a horse-backe’. It is also before the house, for the Courtier says, ‘Is he within’, and ‘I’le in and speake with the duke’. Rather more difficult is Englishmen for my Money, sc. iv, ‘Enter Pisaro’ with others, and says, ‘Proud am I that my roofe containes such friends’ (748), also ‘I would not haue you fall out in my house’ (895). He sends his daughters ‘in’ (827, 851), so must be in the porch, and a ‘knock within’ (s.d.) and ‘Stirre and see who knocks!’ (796) suggest a courtyard gate. But later in the play (cf. p. 58, n. 4) the street seems to be directly before the same house.
[174] In K. to K. Honest Man, scc. x-xii (continuous scene at Servio’s), Phillida is called ‘forth’ (1058) and bidden keep certain prisoners ‘in the vpper loft’. Presently she enters ‘with the keyes’ and after the s.d. ‘Here open the doore’ calls them out and gives them a signet to pass ‘the Porter of the gates’, which Servio (1143) calls ‘my castell gates’. In 1 Hen. VI, II. iii, the Countess of Auvergne, to entrap Talbot, bids her porter ‘bring the keyes to me’; presumably Talbot’s men are supposed to break in the gates at the s.d. ‘a Peale of Ordnance’. Rich. III, III. vii, is at Baynard’s Castle. Buckingham bids Gloucester (55) ‘get you vp to the leads’ to receive the Mayor, who enters with citizens, and (95) ‘Enter Richard with two bishops a lofte’. Similarly in Rich. II, III. iii. 62, ‘Richard appeareth on the walls’ of Flint Castle, and then comes down (178) to the ‘base court’. B. Beggar of Alexandria, sc. ii, is before the house of Elimine’s father and ‘Enter Elimine above on the walls’. She is in a ‘tower’ and comes down, but there is nothing to suggest a courtyard.
[175] 1 Sir John Oldcastle, IV. iv, v (a continuous scene), is partly ‘neare vnto the entrance of the Tower’, beyond the porter’s lodge, partly in Oldcastle’s chamber there, with a ‘window that goes out into the leads’; cf. p. 67.
[176] Famous Victories, sc. vi, 60, ‘What a rapping keep you at the Kings Court gate!’; Jack Straw, II. ii (a City gate).
[177] A Shrew, ind. 1, ‘Enter a Tapster, beating out of his doores Slie Droonken’; 1 Oldcastle, V. iii-vii (inn and barn); True Tragedy of Rich. III, sc. viii, ‘Earle Riuers speakes out of his chamber’ in an inn-yard, where he has been locked up; James IV, III. ii (stable); Looking Glass, V. ii. 2037, ‘Enter the temple Omnes’. Selimus, sc. xxi. 2019, has
Is the third line really a s.d., in which case it does not suggest realistic staging, or a misunderstood line of the speech, really meant to run, ‘Supposed the Temple of great Mahomet’?
[178] Patient Grissell, 755–1652, reads like a threshold scene, and ‘Get you in!’ is repeated (848, 1065, 1481), but Grissell’s russet gown and pitcher are hung up and several times referred to (817, 828, 1018, 1582). Old Fortunatus, 733–855, at the palace of Babylon, must be a threshold scene as the Soldan points to ‘yon towre’ (769), but this is not inconsistent with the revealing of a casket, with the s.d. (799) ‘Draw a Curtaine’. We need not therefore assume that M. V. II. vii, ix, in which Portia bids ‘Draw aside the Curtaines’ and ‘Draw the Curtain’, or III. ii are hall scenes, and all the Belmont scenes may be, like V. i, in a garden backed by a portico; or rather the hall referred to in V. i. 89, ‘That light we see is burning in my hall’, may take the form of a portico.
[179] Cf. p. 58, n. 2.
[180] Thus in Rich. II, V. iii, iv (a continuous scene), Aumerle has leave to ‘turne the key’ (36). Then ‘The Duke of Yorke knokes at the doore and crieth, My leige ... Thou hast a traitor in thy presence there’. Cf. 1 Troublesome Raigne, sc. xiii. 81:
[181] Famous Victories, scc. iv, v (a continuous scene), ‘Jayler, bring the prisoner to the barre’ (iv. 1).... ‘Thou shalt be my Lord chiefe Justice, and thou shalt sit in the chaire’ (v. 10); Sir T. More, sc. ii. 104, ‘An Arras is drawne, and behinde it (as in sessions) sit the L. Maior.... Lifter the prisoner at the barre’; Warning for Fair Women, II. 1180, ‘Enter some to prepare the judgement seat to the Lord Mayor....(1193) Browne is brought in and the Clerk says, ‘To the barre, George Browne’; M. V. IV. i; 1 Sir John Oldcastle, V. x; &c.
[182] Bacon and Bungay, scc. vii, ix (Regent House), where visitors ‘sit to heare and see this strange dispute’ (1207), and later, ‘Enter Miles, with a cloth and trenchers and salt’ (1295); Shoemaker’s Holiday, sc. xv (Leadenhall); Englishmen for my Money, sc. iii (Exchange).
[183] 1 Troublesome Raigne, sc. xi, in a convent, entails the opening of a coffer large enough to hold a nun and a press large enough to hold a priest; 2 Troublesome Raigne, sc. iii, before St. Edmund’s shrine, has a numerous company who swear on an altar. Alphonsus, IV. i, begins ‘Let there be a brazen Head set in the middle of the place behind the Stage, out of the which cast flames of fire’. It is in the ‘sacred seate’ of Mahomet, who speaks from the head, and bids the priests ‘call in’ visitors ‘which now are drawing to my Temple ward’.
[184] T. of a Shrew, scc. ix, xi, xiii; Sir T. More, scc. ix, ‘Enter Sr Thomas Moore, Mr Roper, and Seruing men setting stooles’; xiii, ‘Enter ... Moore ... as in his house at Chelsey’ ... (1413) ‘Sit good Madame [in margin, ‘lowe stooles’] ... (1521) ‘Entreate their Lordships come into the hall’. E. M. I. III. i, ii (a continuous scene), is at Thorello’s house, and in III. iii. 1592 it is described with ‘I saw no body to be kist, vnlesse they would haue kist the post, in the middle of the warehouse; for there I left them all ... How? were they not gone in then?’ But I. iv. 570, also at Thorello’s, has ‘Within sir, in the warehouse’. Probably the warehouse was represented as an open portico.
[185] Cf. p. 63, nn. 3, 4.
[186] Sir T. More, scc. ix, xiii (stools, vide supra); x, where the Council ‘sit’ to ‘this little borde’ (1176); R. J. I. v (stools, vide supra); James IV, I. i. 141, ‘Enstall and crowne her’; Sp. Tragedy, I. iii. 8, ‘Wherefore sit I in a regall throne’; 1 Rich. II, II. ii. 81, ‘Please you, assend your throne’; 1 Tamburlaine, IV. ii. 1474, ‘He [Tamburlaine] gets vp vpon him [Bajazet] to his chaire’; Dr. Faustus, 1010 (addition of 1616 text), ‘His Maiesty is comming to the Hall; Go backe, and see the State in readinesse’; Look About You, sc. xix, ‘Enter young Henry Crowned ... Henry the elder places his Sonne, the two Queenes on eyther hand, himselfe at his feete, Leyster and Lancaster below him’; this must have involved an elaborate ‘state’.
[187] Bacon and Bungay, sc. ix. (vide supra); T. of a Shrew, sc. ix. 32, ‘They couer the bord and fetch in the meate’; 1 Edw. IV, IV. ii, ‘They bring forth a table and serue in the banquet’; Patient Grissell, 1899, ‘A Table is set’; Humorous Day’s Mirth, scc. viii, x-xii (Verone’s ordinary), on which cf. p. 70.
[188] 1 Rich. II, IV. ii; Death of R. Hood, II. ii; R. J. I. v, where a servant says, ‘Away with the joint-stools, remove the court-cupboard’, and Capulet ‘turn the tables up’; cf. ch. vi.
[189] M. N. D. v (cf. III. i. 58); Sir T. More, sc. ix; Sp. Tragedy, IV. iii, iv (a continuous scene), on which cf. p. 93, n. 1.
[190] 2 Tamburlaine, III. iii. 2969, ‘The Arras is drawen, and Zenocrate lies in her bed of state, Tamburlaine sitting by her: three Phisitians about her bed, tempering potions. Theridamas, Techelles, Vsumcasane, and the three sonnes’.... (3110, at end of sc.) ‘The Arras is drawen’; Selimus, sc. x. 861, ‘I needs must sleepe. Bassaes withdraw your selues from me awhile’.... ‘They stand aside while the curtins are drawne’ (s.d.) ... (952) ‘A Messenger enters, Baiazet awaketh’; Battle of Alcazar, d.s. 24, ‘Enter Muly Mahamet and his sonne, and his two young brethren, the Moore sheweth them the bed, and then takes his leaue of them, and they betake them to their rest’ ... (36) ‘Enter the Moore and two murdrers bringing in his unkle Abdelmunen, then they draw the curtains and smoother the yong princes in the bed. Which done in sight of the vnkle they strangle him in his Chaire, and then goe forth’; Edw. I, sc. xxv. 2668, ‘Elinor in child-bed with her daughter Ione, and other Ladies’; True Tragedy of Rich. III, sc. i, ‘Now Nobles, draw the Curtaines and depart ... (s.d.) The King dies in his bed’; sc. xiii, where murderers are called ‘vp’, and murder of princes in bed is visible; Famous Victories, sc. viii. 1, ‘Enter the King with his Lords’ ... (10), ‘Draw the Curtaines and depart my chamber a while’ ... ‘He sleepeth ... Enter the Prince’ (s.d.) ... ‘I wil goe, nay but why doo I not go to the Chamber of my sick father?’ ... (23) ‘Exit’ [having presumably taken the crown] ... (25) ‘King. Now my Lords ... Remoue my chaire a little backe, and set me right’ ... (47) ‘Prince [who has re-entered]. I came into your Chamber ... And after that, seeing the Crowne, I tooke it’ ... (87) ‘Draw the Curtaines, depart my Chamber, ... Exeunt omnes, The King dieth’. In the analogous 2 Hen. IV, IV. iv, v (a continuous scene divided, with unanimity in ill-doing, by modern editors in the middle of a speech), the King says (IV. iv. 131), ‘Beare me hence Into some other chamber’, Warwick (IV. v. 4), ‘Call for the Musick in the other Roome’, and the King ‘Set me the Crowne vpon my Pillow here’. The Prince enters and the Lords go to ‘the other roome’; he takes the crown and ‘Exit’. Later (56) the Lords say, ‘This doore is open, he is gone this way’, and ‘He came not through the chamber where we staide’. The Prince returns and the Lords are bidden ‘Depart the chamber’. Later (233) the King asks the name of ‘the lodging where I first did swound’, and bids ‘beare me to that Chamber’. Then the scene, and in F1 the act, ends. In 1 Contention, sc. x. 1, ‘Then the Curtaines being drawne, Duke Humphrey is discouered in his bed, and two men lying on his brest and smothering him in his bed. And then enter the Duke of Suffolke to them’. He bids ‘draw the Curtaines againe and get you gone’. The King enters and bids him call Gloucester. He goes out, and returns to say that Gloucester is dead. Warwick says, ‘Enter his priuie chamber my Lord and view the bodie’, and (50), ‘Warwicke drawes the curtaines and showes Duke Humphrey in his bed’. The analogous 2 Hen. VI, III. ii, omits the murder coram populo and begins ‘Enter two or three running ouer the Stage, from the Murther of Duke Humfrey’. It then follows the earlier model until (132) the King bids Warwick ‘Enter his Chamber’ and we get the brief s.d. (146) ‘Bed put forth’, and Warwick speaks again. The next scene is another death scene, which begins in 1 Contention, sc. xi, ‘Enter King and Salsbury, and then the Curtaines be drawne, and the Cardinal is discouered in his bed, rauing and staring as if he were madde’, and in 2 Hen. VI, III. iii, ‘Enter the King ... to the Cardinal in bed’, ending (32) ‘Close vp his eyes, and draw the Curtaine close’. In 1 Rich. II, V. i, Lapoole enters ‘with a light’ and murderers, whom he bids ‘stay in the next with-draweing chamber ther’. Then (48), ‘He drawes the curtayne’, says of Gloucester ‘He sleepes vppon his bed’, and Exit. Gloucester, awaked by ghosts, says (110), ‘The doores are all made fast ... and nothing heere appeeres, But the vast circute of this emptie roome’. Lapoole, returning, says, ‘Hee’s ryssen from his bed’. Gloucester bids him ‘shutt to the doores’ and ‘sits to wright’. The murderers enter and kill him. Lapoole bids ‘lay hime in his bed’ and ‘shutt the doore, as if he ther had dyd’, and they (247) ‘Exeunt with the bodye’. In Death of R. Hood, ii, ind., the presenter says ‘Draw but that vaile, And there King John sits sleeping in his chaire’, and the s.d. follows, ‘Drawe the curten: the King sits sleeping ... Enter Queene ... She ascends, and seeing no motion, she fetcheth her children one by one; but seeing yet no motion, she descendeth, wringing her hands, and departeth’. In R. J. IV. iii, iv, v (continuous action), Juliet drinks her potion and Q1, has the s.d. (IV. iii. 58) ‘She fals vpon her bed within the Curtaines’. Action follows before the house, until the Nurse, bidden to call Juliet, finds her dead. Then successively ‘Enter’ Lady Capulet, Capulet, the Friar, and Paris, to all of whom Juliet is visible. After lament, the Friar, in Q2 (IV. v. 91), bids them all ‘go you in’, but in Q1, ‘They all but the Nurse goe foorth, casting Rosemary on her and shutting the Curtens’. The Nurse, then, in both texts, addresses the musicians, who came with Paris. On the difficulty of this scene, in relation to II. ii and III. v, cf. p. 94.
[191] Wounds of Civil War, III. ii, 913, ‘Enter old Marius with his keeper, and two souldiers’. There is (965) ‘this homely bed’, on which (972) ‘He lies downe’ (s.d.), and when freed (1066) ‘from walls to woods I wend’. In Edw. II, 2448–2568 (at Kenilworth), keepers say that the King is ‘in a vault vp to the knees in water’, of which (2455) ‘I opened but the doore’. Then (2474) ‘Heere is the keyes, this is the lake’ and (2486), ‘Heeres a light to go into the dungeon’. Then (2490) Edward speaks and, presumably having been brought out, is bid (2520) ‘lie on this bed’. He is murdered with a table and featherbed brought from ‘the next roome’ (2478), and the body borne out. In 1 Tr. Raigne, sc. xii, Hubert enters, bids his men (8) ‘stay within that entry’ and when called set Arthur ‘in this chayre’. He then bids Arthur (13) ‘take the benefice of the faire evening’, and ‘Enter Arthur’ who is later (131) bid ‘Goe in with me’. K. J. IV. i has precisely analogous indications, except that the attendants stand (2) ‘within the arras’, until Hubert stamps ‘Vpon the bosome of the ground’. In Rich. III, I. iv, Clarence talks with his keeper, and sleeps. Murderers enter, to whom the keeper says (97), ‘Here are the keies, there sits the Duke a sleepe’. They stab him, threaten to ‘chop him in the malmsey but in the next roome’ (161, 277), and bear the body out. In Rich. II, V. v (at Pontefract) Richard muses on ‘this prison where I liue’. He is visited by a groom of his stable (70), ‘where no man neuer comes, but that sad dog, That brings me foode’. Then (95) ‘Enter one to Richard with meate’ and (105) ‘The murderers rush in’, and (119) the bodies are cleared away. Sir T. More, sc. xvi, ‘Enter Sir Thomas Moore, the Lieutenant, and a seruant attending as in his chamber in the Tower’; Lord Cromwell, V. v, ‘Enter Cromwell in the Tower.... Enter the Lieutenant of the Tower and officers.... Enter all the Nobles’; Dead Man’s Fortune, plot (Henslowe Papers, 134), ‘Here the laydes speakes in prysoun’; Death of R. Hood, IV. i:
In Old Fortunatus, 2572, Montrose says of Ampedo, ‘Drag him to yonder towre, there shackle him’. Later (2608) Andelocia is brought to join him in ‘this prison’ and the attendants bid ‘lift in his legs’. The brothers converse in ‘fetters’. In 1 Oldcastle, IV. iv, v (a continuous scene), ‘Enter the Bishop of Rochester with his men, in liuerie coates’. They have brought him ‘heere into the Tower’ (1965) and may ‘go backe vnto the Porters Lodge’ or attend him ‘here without’. But they slip away. The Bishop calls the Lieutenant and demands to see Oldcastle. A message is sent to Oldcastle by Harpoole. Then (1995), ‘Enter sir Iohn Oldcastle’, and while the Bishop dismisses the Lieutenant, Harpoole communicates a plot ‘aside’ to Oldcastle. Then the Bishop addresses Oldcastle, and as they talk Oldcastle and Harpoole lay hands upon him. They take his upper garments, which Oldcastle puts on. Harpoole says (2016) ‘the window that goes out into the leads is sure enough’ and he will ‘conuay him after, and bind him surely in the inner room’. Then (2023) ‘Enter seruing men againe’. Oldcastle, disguised as the Bishop, comes towards them, saying, ‘The inner roomes be very hot and close’. Harpoole tells him that he will ‘downe vpon them’. He then pretends to attack him. The serving-men join in, and (2049) ‘Sir John escapes’. The Lieutenant enters and asks who is brawling ‘so neare vnto the entrance of the Tower’. Then (2057) ‘Rochester calls within’, and as they go in and bring him out bound, Harpoole gets away; cf. p. 62, n. 2. Look About You, sc. v, is a similar scene in the Fleet, partly in Gloucester’s chamber (811), the door of which can be shut, partly (865) on a bowling green. Analogous to some of the prison scenes is Alarum for London, sc. xii, in which a Burgher’s Wife shows Van End a vault where her wealth is hid, and (1310) ‘She pushes him downe’, and he is stoned there.
[192] Bacon and Bungay, I. ii. 172, ‘Enter frier Bacon’, with others, says ‘Why flocke you thus to Bacon’s secret cell?’, and conjures; II. ii is in a street, but Bacon says (603) ‘weele to my studie straight’, and II. iii begins (616), ‘Bacon and Edward goes into the study’, where Edward *sits and looks in ‘this glasse prospectiue’ (620), but his vision is represented on some part of the stage; in IV. i. 1530, ‘Enter Frier Bacon drawing the courtaines, with a white sticke, a booke in his hand, and a lampe lighted by him, and the brazen head and Miles, with weapons by him’. Miles is bid watch the head, and ‘Draw closse the courtaines’ and ‘Here he [Bacon] falleth asleepe’ (1568). Miles ‘will set me downe by a post’ (1577). Presently (1604), ‘Heere the Head speakes and a lightning flasheth forth, and a hand appeares that breaketh down the Head with a hammer’. Miles calls to Bacon (1607) ‘Out of your bed’; IV. iii. 1744 begins ‘Enter frier Bacon with frier Bungay to his cell’. A woodcut in Q2 of 1630, after the revival by the Palsgrave’s men, seems to illustrate II. iii; the back wall has a window to the left and the head on a bracket in the centre; before it is the glass on a table, with Edward gazing in it; Bacon sits to the right. Miles stands to the left; no side-walls are visible. In Locrine, I. iii. 309, ‘Enter Strumbo aboue in a gowne, with inke and paper in his hand’; Dr. Faustus, ind. 28, ‘And this the man that in his study sits’, followed by s.d. ‘Enter Faustus in his Study’, 433, ‘Enter Faustus in his Study ... (514) Enter [Mephastophilis] with diuels, giuing crownes and rich apparell to Faustus, and daunce, and then depart’, with probably other scenes. In T. A. V. ii. 1, ‘Enter Tamora, and her two sonnes disguised’ ... (9) ‘They knocke and Titus opens his studie doore’. Tamora twice (33, 43) bids him ‘come downe’, and (80) says, ‘See heere he comes’. The killing of Tamora’s sons follows, after which Titus bids (205) ‘bring them in’. In Sir T. More, sc. viii. 735, ‘A table beeing couered with a greene Carpet, a state Cushion on it, and the Pursse and Mace lying thereon Enter Sir Thomas Moore’.... (765) ‘Enter Surrey, Erasmus and attendants’. Erasmus says (779), ‘Is yond Sir Thomas?’ and Surrey (784), ‘That Studie is the generall watche of England’. The original text is imperfect, but in the revision Erasmus is bid ‘sitt’, and later More bids him ‘in’ (ed. Greg, pp. 84, 86). Lord Cromwell has three studies; in II. i, ii (continuous action at Antwerp), ‘Cromwell in his study with bagges of money before him casting of account’, while Bagot enters in front, soliloquizes, and then (II. ii. 23) with ‘See where he is’ addresses Cromwell; in III. ii (Bologna), the action begins as a hall scene, for (15) ‘They haue begirt you round about the house’ and (47) ‘Cromwell shuts the dore’ (s.d.), but there is an inner room, for (115) ‘Hodge [disguised as the Earl of Bedford] sits in the study, and Cromwell calls in the States’, and (126) ‘Goe draw the curtaines, let vs see the Earle’; in IV. v (London), ‘Enter Gardiner in his studie, and his man’. E. M. I. I. iii, is before Cob’s house, and Tib is bid show Matheo ‘vp to Signior Bobadilla’ (Q1 392). In I. iv ‘Bobadilla discouers himselfe on a bench; to him, Tib’. She announces ‘a gentleman below’; Matheo is bid ‘come vp’, enters from ‘within’, and admires the ‘lodging’. In 1 Oldcastle, V. i. 2086, ‘Enter Cambridge, Scroope, and Gray, as in a chamber, and set downe at a table, consulting about their treason: King Harry and Suffolke listning at the doore’ ... (2114) ‘They rise from the table, and the King steps in to them, with his Lordes’. Stukeley, i. 121, begins with Old Stukeley leaving his host’s door to visit his son. He says (149), ‘I’ll to the Temple to see my son’, and presumably crosses the stage during his speech of 171–86, which ends ‘But soft this is his chamber as I take it’. Then ‘He knocks’, and after parley with a page, says, ‘Give me the key of his study’ and ‘methinks the door stands open’, enters, criticizes the contents of the study, emerges, and (237) *‘Old Stukeley goes again to the study’. Then (244) ‘Enter Stukeley at the further end of the stage’ and joins his father. Finally the boy is bid (335) ‘lock the door’. In Downfall of R. Hood, ind., ‘Enter Sir John Eltham and knocke at Skeltons doore’. He says, ‘Howe, maister Skelton, what at studie hard?’ and (s.d.) ‘Opens the doore’. In 2 Edw. IV, IV. ii, ‘Enter D. Shaw, pensiuely reading on his booke’. He is visited by a Ghost, who gives him a task, and adds, ‘That done, return; and in thy study end Thy loathed life’.
[193] Old Fortunatus, 1315–1860, is before or in the hall of a court; at 1701, ‘A curtaine being drawne, where Andelocia lies sleeping in Agripines lap’. In Downfall of R. Hood, ind., is a s.d. of a court scene, presumably in a hall, and ‘presently Ely ascends the chaire ... Enter Robert Earl of Huntingdon, leading Marian: ... they infolde each other, and sit downe within the curteines ... drawing the curteins, all (but the Prior) enter, and are kindely receiued by Robin Hood. The curteins are again shut’.
[194] Jew of Malta, i. 36, ‘Enter Barabas in his Counting-house, with heapes of gold before him’. Later his house is taken for a nunnery; he has hid treasure (536) ‘underneath the plancke That runs along the vpper chamber floore’, and Abigail becomes a nun, and (658) throws the treasure from ‘aboue’. He gets another house, and Pilia-Borza describes (iii. 1167) how ‘I chanc’d to cast mine eye vp to the Iewes counting-house’, saw money-bags, and climbed up and stole by night. Arden of Feversham, I., III. v, IV. i, V. i are at Arden’s house at Feversham. From I. I should assume a porch before the house, where Arden and his wife breakfast and (369) ‘Then she throwes down the broth on the grounde’; cf. 55, ‘Call her foorth’, and 637, ‘Lets in’. It can hardly be a hall scene, as part of the continuous action is ‘neare’ the house (318) and at 245 we get ‘This is the painters [Clarke’s] house’, who is called out. There is no difficulty in III. v or IV. i; cf. III. v. 164, ‘let vs in’. But V. i, taken by itself, reads like a hall scene with a counting-house behind. Black Will and Shakebag are hidden in a ‘counting-house’, which has a ‘door’ and a ‘key’ (113, 145, 153). A chair and stool are to be ready for Mosbie and Arden (130). Alice bids Michael (169) ‘Fetch in the tables, And when thou hast done, stand before the counting-house doore’, and (179) ‘When my husband is come in, lock the streete doore’. When Arden comes with Mosbie, they are (229) ‘in my house’. They play at tables and the murderers creep out and kill Arden, and (261), ‘Then they lay the body in the Counting-house’. Susan says (267), ‘The blood cleaueth to the ground’, and Mosbie bids (275) ‘strew rushes on it’. Presently, when guests have come and gone, (342) ‘Then they open the counting-house doore and looke vppon Arden’, and (363) ‘Then they beare the body into the fields’. Francklin enters, having found the body, with rushes in its shoe, ‘Which argueth he was murthred in this roome’, and looking about ‘this chamber’, they find blood ‘in the place where he was wont to sit’ (411–15).
[195] In 1 Hen. IV, II. iv, Henry calls Poins (1) ‘out of that fat roome’ and bids him (32) ‘Stand in some by-roome’ while the Prince talks to the Drawer. The Vintner (91) bids the Drawer look to guests ‘within’, and says Falstaff is ‘at the doore’. He enters and later goes out to dismiss a court messenger who is (317) ‘at doore’ and returns. He has a chair and cushion (416). When the Sheriff comes, Henry bids Falstaff (549) ‘hide thee behind the Arras, the rest walke vp aboue’. Later (578) Falstaff is found ‘a sleepe behind the Arras’. This looks like a hall scene, and with it III. iii, where Mrs. Quickly is miscalled (72) ‘in mine owne house’ and Falstaff says (112) ‘I fell a sleepe here, behind the Arras’, is consistent. But in 2 Hen. IV, II. iv, Falstaff and Doll come out of their supper room. The Drawer announces (75) ‘Antient Pistol’s belowe’, and is bid (109) ‘call him vp’ and (202) ‘thrust him downe staires’. Later (381) ‘Peyto knockes at doore’; so does Bardolph (397), to announce that ‘a dozen captaines stay at doore’. This is clearly an upper parlour. In Look About You, scc. ix, x (continuous action), Gloucester, disguised as Faukenbridge, and a Pursuivant have stepped into the Salutation tavern (1470), and are in ‘the Bel, our roome next the Barre’ (1639), with a stool (1504) and fire (1520). But at 1525 the action shifts. Skink enters, apparently in a room called the Crown, and asks whether Faukenbridge was ‘below’ (1533). Presumably he descends, for (1578) he sends the sheriff’s party ‘vp them stayres’ to the Crown. This part of the action is before the inn, rather than in the Bell. Humorous Day’s Mirth, scc. viii, x-xii, in Verone’s ordinary, with tables and a court cupboard, seems to be a hall scene; at viii. 254 ‘convey them into the inward parlour by the inward room’ does not entail any action within the supposed inward room.
[196] W. for Fair Women, II. 601. The scene does not itself prove interior action, but cf. the later reference (800), ‘Was he so suted when you dranke with him, Here in the buttery’.
[197] In Jew of Malta, V. 2316, Barabas has ‘made a dainty Gallery, The floore whereof, this Cable being cut, Doth fall asunder; so that it doth sinke Into a deepe pit past recouery’, and at 2345 is s.d. ‘A charge, the cable cut, A Caldron discouered’.
[198] Cf. pp. 51, 53, 55–6, 58–9, 62.