Fossil Plants, Volume 2, by A. C. Seward—A Project Gutenberg eBook

[195] Kidston (01) p. 36, fig. 2, B.

[196] Kidston (01) p. 37, fig. 2, A.

[197] Goldenberg (55) Pl. I. fig. 5.

[198] Halle (07) Pl. I. fig. 5.

[199] page 89.

[200] Halle (07).

[201] Brodie (45) p. 93.

[202] Buckman in Murchison (45) p. 6.

[203] Buckman (50) p. 415, fig. 2.

[204] Buckman (50) p. 415, fig. 4.

[205] Wickes (00) p. 422.

[206] Sollas (01).

[207] Seward (04) p. 14, Pl. II. figs. 2, 3.

[208] Vol. I. p. 240.

[209] Sollas (01) p. 311.

[210] Seward (04) p. 14.

[211] Halle (07) p. 14, Pl. III. figs. 6–12.

[212] Lindley and Hutton (31) A. Pl. LXI.

[213] Sternberg (38) A. p. 38.

[214] Schimper (70) A. p. 9.

[215] Young and Bird (22) A. Pl. II. fig. 7.

[216] No. 39314, Brit. Mus.

[217] Möller (02) Pl. VI. fig. 21.

[218] Seward (04²) p. 161, Pl. VIII. figs. 2–4. The drawing is reproduced twice natural size.

[219] Oldham and Morris (63) Pls. XXXIII. XXXV.

[220] Feistmantel (77) p. 87.

[221] Heer (76) Pl. XV. figs. 1–8.

[222] Nathorst (90) A. Pl. II. fig. 3. Saporta (94) Pls. XXIII.-XXVI. Knowlton (98) p. 136.

[223] Lesquereux (78) Pl. V. fig. 12. See also Knowlton loc. cit.

[224] Zeiller (06) p. 141, Pls. XXXIX. XLI.

[225] Zeiller (00) p. 1077.

[226] Bennie and Kidston (88) Pl. VI. fig. 22.

[227] Goldenberg (55) Pl. I. fig. 3.

[228] Schimper (70) A. Pl. LVII. fig. 2.

[229] Halle (07).

[230] Goldenberg (55) Pl. I. fig. 2.

[231] Schimper (70) A. p. 10.

[232] Nathorst (08).

[233] Nathorst (02²) p. 5, Pl. I. fig. 1.

[234] Fliche (03).

[235] Fliche (09).

[236] Scott (01).

[237] Rodway (95) A. p. 153.

[238] A good example of an old Lepidodendron stem (L. aculeatum) is figured by Zalessky (04) Pl. I. fig. 3.

[239] Seward and Ford (06) Pl. XXIII. fig. C.

[240] See Fischer (04).

[241] Bertrand, C. E. (91) p. 84: derived from παρά, by the side of, and ἴχνος, trace or foot-print.

[242] Renault (96) A. Pls. XXXIII. XXXIV. p. 178. For a good section of another Lepidodendron leaf, see Scott (08) p. 160, figs. 64, 65.

[243] Weiss, F. E. (07).

[244] For a fuller account of the parichnos, see Hill, T. G. (06) and other papers quoted by F. E. Weiss (07).

[245] Barrois (04). See also Etheridge (80); Geikie (03) p. 1049.

[246] Binney (48).

[247] Darwin (03) vol. II. pp. 217, 220.

[248] Solms-Laubach (92) Pl. II. figs. 2, 4.

[249] Williamson (93) p. 10.

[250] Potonié (05) Lief, iii., p. 41.

[251] Stur (75) A. Heft II. p. 277.

[252] Potonié (05) fig. 4.

[253] Seward and Leslie (08) Pl. X. figs. 1 and 2.

[254] Sternberg (26) A. Pl. XI. figs. 2–4; (02) p. 23.

[255] Corda (45) A. Pls. I.-IV.

[256] Zeiller (92) A.

[257] Kidston (93) p. 561, Pls. I. and II.

[258] Seward (90).

[259] Williamson (93) Pl. IV. figs. 30–32.

[260] Binney (62).

[261] Binney (65); see also Binney (72).

[262] Williamson (72).

[263] Weiss, F. E. and Lomax (05).

[264] Binney (62).

[265] Carruthers (69) p. 179.

[266] Kidston (86) A. p. 151.

[267] Seward (06) p. 372.

[268] Hovelacque (92).

[269] Solms-Laubach (92) Pl. II. fig. 6; Seward and Hill (00) Pl. IV. fig. 26. See p. 910 of the latter paper for other references.

[270] Gwynne-Vaughan (08).

[271] Jeffrey (98). See also Tansley (08) p. 37.

[272] Seward (99) p. 144.

[273] Steinberg (26) A.

[274] Goeppert (52) A. p. 196. See also Kidston (01) p. 50.

[275] ibid. (52) A. p. 44. Pls. XXX. XXXI. Lief. i and ii.

[276] Balfour (72) A.

[277] Good examples are given by Schmalhausen (77) Pl. III.

[278] Steinhauer (18) A. Pl. IV. fig. 5.

[279] Brongniart (49) A. p. 42.

[280] Goldenberg (55).

[281] Carruthers (73²) p. 6.

[282] Feistmantel (75) A.

[283] Potonié (05) Lief. III. 42–44.

[284] Artis (25) A. Pls. XVI. XXIII.

[285] Steinberg (38) A.

[286] Stur (75) A. Heft II. p. 229.

[287] Lindley and Hutton (31) A. Pls. V. and VI.

[288] Kidston (85). In this important paper Dr Kidston gives a full account of the history of our knowledge of Ulodendron.

[289] Steinhauer (18) A. p. 286, Pl. VII. fig. 1.

[290] Rhode (20) Pl. III.

[291] Lindley and Hutton (31) A.

[292] Hooker (48), p. 427.

[293] Geinitz (55) A.

[294] Carruthers (70).

[295] Williamson (72).

[296] Thompson, D’Arcy (80).

[297] Kidston (85).

[298] Seward and Ford (06) Pl. XXIII. fig. C.

[299] Shattock (88).

[300] Watson (08).

[301] Watson (08) p. 10.

[302] Renier (08).

[303] Stur (75) A. Heft II.

[304] Garden and Forest, vol. v., pp. 160–162, fig. 24 (April 6, 1902).

[305] Lindley and Hutton (35) A.

[306] Kidston (93) Pl. II. fig. 6.

[307] ibid. (02) Pl. LIII. fig. 2.

[308] Williamson (83²) A. Pl. 34.

[309] Feistmantel (75) A. p. 193, Pls. XXXIV.-XXXVII.

[310] Feistmantel loc. cit. Pl. XLVII.

[311] Grand’Eury (90) A.

[312] Dawes (48).

[313] Binney (72); see also Seward (99).

[314] Carruthers (73²).

[315] Williamson (72).

[316] ibid. (93).

[317] Weiss, F. E. (03).

[318] Kidston (05).

[319] Renault (96) A. p. 175, Pls. XXXIII. XXXIV.

[320] For description of the leaf-anatomy, see pp. 98, 99.

[321] Renault (79) p. 249, Pl. X.

[322] Solms-Laubach (96) p. 18, Pl. X. figs. 7–11.

[323] They are regarded as identical by Fischer (04).

[324] Binney (72) Pl. XIII. fig. 1.

[325] Seward (99).

[326] As Miss Stokey (09) points out the production of parenchyma internal to the cambium of L. fuliginosum is a feature shared by Isoetes. See also Scott and Hill (00), p. 424.

[327] Williamson (81) A. Pl. LII. p. 288. (Will. Coll. No. 379.)

[328] Binney (72).

[329] Cash and Lomax (90).

[330] Kidston (93) p. 547.

[331] Weiss, F. E. (03) p. 218.

[332] Scott, D. H. (06³).

[333] Watson (07) p. 18.

[334] Seward (06) p. 378.

[335] Weiss, F. E. (02).

[336] Hick (93).

[337] Hick (93²).

[338] See p. 240.

[339] Hick (93) Pl. XVI. fig. 1.

[340] Witham (31) A.

[341] Witham (33) A. Pls. XII. XIII.

[342] Lindley and Hutton (35) A. Pls. 98, 99.

[343] Brongniart (39) A.

[344] Kidston (03) p. 822.

[345] Williamson (87).

[346] Kidston (03) p. 822; Watson (07).

[347] Bertrand, C. E. (91).

[348] Williamson (80) A.

[349] Williamson (93) Pl. I. fig. 3.

[350] Volume I. p. 89. For other references to these stems, see Seward and Hill (00) p. 918.

[351] Wünsch (67).

[352] Carruthers (69²) p. 6.

[353] Williamson (80) A.; (93); (95).

[354] Wünsch loc. cit.

[355] Binney (71) p. 56.

[356] Carruthers (69).

[357] Seward and Hill (00).

[358] Williamson (96) p. 175.

[359] The term meristematic zone is used because some of the cells in this region are in a state of active division, though the inner portion may consist of permanent tissue.

[360] Scott (00) p. 131; (08) p. 142.

[361] Seward and Hill (00) Pl. II. fig. 14.

[362] Worsdell (95); Bernard (04).

[363] No. 52, 625.

[364] Seward and Hill (00) p. 922.

[365] Binney (71) p. 56, Pl. XI. figs. 2a-2c.

[366] Williamson (72) p. 298, pl. XLV. fig. 35.

[367] Carruthers (72).

[368] Williamson (93) p. 30.

[369] Goldenberg (55) p. 12.

[370] See also Kidston (94), (86) A. p. 160; Potonié (05) Lief. III. 50.

[371] Stur (75) A. II. p. 330, fig. 34.

[372] Hannig (98).

[373] Young and Kidston (88) A.

[374] Potonié (01²) fig. 72, p. 117.

[375] Stur (75) II. A. Pl. XXXVI. fig. 9.

[376] See Chap. XVII.

[377] Williamson (72) Pl. XLIV. p. 294: (93) (93²).

[378] Kidston (01) p. 60. See also Scott (00) p. 170, figs. 67, 68.

[379] Williamson (93), Pl. VIII. figs. 51, 52. See also figs. 67–69 given by Scott (00).

[380] Scott (00) p. 173.

[381] Scott [(08) p. 187] suggests that the projection may have formed a passage for the admission of the microspores, or of the spermatozoids which they produced.

[382] Bennie and Kidston (88) Pl. VI. figs. 20, a–s.

[383] Gordon (08).

[384] Williamson (72).

[385] Carruthers (69²).

[386] Zeiller (95). See also White (08) p. 447.

[387] Arber (05) Pl. I. fig. 2.

[388] Seward and Leslie (08).