[183] Latimer, Serm. i. 188.

[184] Milner’s Church History, iv. 404.

[185] Id. iv. 406. 443.

[186] Id. iv. 474.

[187] Id. iv. 497.

[188] Id. iv. 475.

[189] Strype, Cranmer, p. 287. fol.

[190] Sleidan, De Stat. Relig. pp. 329, 468, 469.

[191] Milner, v. 340.

[192] Bull, Opera, i. 67. fol.

[193] Burnet, Hist. of Reform. ii. 37. fol. Strype’s Cranmer, p. 148. and Appendix 77. 1st. ed.

[194] Witness the following passage in a letter of Erasmus to Ammonius, then at London:—“Istis hæreticis vel hoc nomine sum iniquior, quod instante brumâ nobis auxerint lignorum pretium.”

[195] See his Convivium Religiosum.

[196] See the quotations from Luther’s Epistles, given in Milner’s Church Hist. v. 324.

[197] Ibid. v. 337. This however is a subject of regret even with Luther himself:—“Nunc cum tam magno incremento verbi non infeliciter sit repurgata doctrina pietatis, plerique perditè anhelant ad Sectas. Plerique vero non solum sacras literas sed etiam omnes alias literas fastidiunt et contemnunt.—Digni certè qui ἁνοήτοις Galatis conferantur.”—Comment. in Epist. ad Galat. i. 6.

[198] Utopia, ed. 12mo. p. 117.

[199] Id. 224.

[200] Utopia, ed. 12mo. p. 248.

[201] Id. 237.

[202] Id. 234. 237.

[203] Id. 233.

[204] Id. 243. 253.

[205] Id. 262.

[206] See Life of Sir T. More, Eccl. Biog. ii. 109. 112.

[207] Fox’s Acts and Monuments, ii. 283.

[208] Fox, ii. 275–297. Burnet’s Hist. Reform. i. 163, 164.

[209] Fox, Acts and Mon. ii. 306.

[210] Percy, Reliques of Ancient Poetry, ii. 285, and Warton’s Hist. of English Poetry, iii. 201.

[211] Wordsworth’s Eccl. Biog. i. 286.

[212] Fox, ii. 363.

[213] Ibid. li. 296.

[214] Fox, ii. 286.

[215] Wordsworth’s Eccl. Biog. i. 292.

[216] Fox, pp. 759. 1240.

[217] Serm. xi. on the Gunpowder Treason.

[218] Levit. xx. 21.

[219] Ibid. xviii. 15.

[220] Ibid. 24.

[221] Matt. xiv. 4.

[222] 1 Cor. vi. 1.

[223] Ibid. xviii. 8.

[224] Deut. xxv. 5.

[225] l Kings, ii. 17.

[226] Joseph. Antiq. lib. xviii. § 6, p. 807.

[227] Contemplations, lib. xii.

[228] The Querist, § 198. A work containing perhaps as much genuine humour, as many sagacious guesses at the real causes of various social and political evils affecting commonwealths, Ireland in particular (for it is written for the benefit of that country), and as many shrewd and practical hints for the removal of them, as any in our language.

[229] Burnet, Hist. Reform. lib. i. 125. fol.

[230] Dr. Lingard asserts that there were few instances of the see of Canterbury being filled so soon after a vacancy. Yet Archbishop Bredwardin died August 26, 1349, and Islip was appointed his successor by a papal bull, dated October 7, 1349, and was consecrated December 20th. Archbishop Arundel died February 19 or 20, 1413; Chichelè succeeded March 4, and received his pall in July. Chichelè died April 12, 1443; Stafford succeeded him by a bull dated May 15, and was consecrated in August. Stafford died in June or July 1452; Kemp succeeded by bull dated July 21, and on September 22, received his cross. Kemp died March 22, 1543, Bourchier was elected April 22, and received the bull of confirmation August 22. Langton died January 27, 1500; Dean was elected in April, and confirmed May 26.

See Mr. Todd’s Introduction to Cranmer’s Defence of the Sacrament, p. xxxvii.

[231] Mr. Ellis remarks, (Original Letters, vol. ii. p. 47,) that upon Wolsey’s fall, Henry pressed the chancellorship upon Cranmer, more than once, before he offered it to Sir Thomas More. Had it been so, the refusal would but have been of a piece with the rest of Cranmer’s private history; and, accordingly, we had once adduced this fact as a further argument of his unambitious spirit—but it has been pointed out to us by a high authority in ecclesiastical history, that Mr. Ellis has here mistaken Warham for Cranmer. Both the words of Erasmus’s letter (which is the reference, Epist. lib. xxvi. 55,) and its date prove this to be the case. It is there said, that the chancellorship was offered more than once to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and that he excused himself on the plea of age. Now, the date of the letter being January 1531, Cranmer was not then Archbishop, but Warham who died in August 1532; moreover, Cranmer was at that time only in his 42d year, and therefore could not possibly consider himself too old for the office. We notice a solitary error, for the sake of having an opportunity of expressing our thanks to Mr. Ellis, for the invaluable materials for English history which his researches have brought to light and the very instructive notes with which they are accompanied.

[232] Strype’s Cranmer, 456.

[233] The publicity of this proceeding is clearly proved in Mr. Todd’s Life of Cranmer, vol. i. p. 65. It is so far of importance, as it shows that the three Bishops—Lincoln, Exeter, and St. Asaph, (the last of them, Dr. Standish, a most zealous catholic,)—who were fixed upon to consecrate Cranmer, had the opportunity of refusing him consecration had they thought proper.

[234] Id. p. 17.

[235] Strype, Cran. p. 17.

[236] See Burnet, Hist. of Ref. vol. i. p. 123. fol. where the oaths are given at full.

[237] Cranmer, when examined before the commissioners at Oxford, touching the supremacy, urges with great force this same argument against the Queen herself, whose oaths to the state and to the pope being so repugnant.—“She must needs be forsworn to the one.”—Fox, vol. iii. p. 660.

[238] See Jewel’s Defence of the Apology, p. 634, fol.

[239] 2 Cor. xi. 5.

[240] xlix. 23.

[241] 2 Kings, xxii.

[242] See Jewel’s Defence of the Apology, p. 571.

[243] See The Icon Basilike, chap. xvii., quoted by Warburton in his “Alliance between Church and State.”

[244] See Sozomen, Hist. Eccles. lib. i. c. xvii. Euseb. de Vit. Constantin. iii. c. vii. Theodoret, Hist. Eccles. i. c. vii.

[245] In the time of Henry III., sixty-four abbots and thirty-six priors were called to parliament; but Edward III. reduced them to twenty-five abbots and two priors: two abbots were added afterwards; so that there were in all twenty-nine who enjoyed this honor till the dissolution.

[246] Fox’s Acts and Mon. ii. 282.

[247] Knight’s Life of Dean Colet, p. 61.

[248] See Ellis’s Original Letters, vol. ii. pp. 71. 77. vol. ii. p. 130, Second Series.

[249] See an Account of the Ancient and Present State of Shrewsbury 12mo. p. 107.

[250] Milton.

[251] See Sir H. Spelman’s History and Fate of Sacrilege, p. 229.

[252] Kennett on Impropriations, p. 165.

[253] Strype, Cranmer, p. 412.

[254] Kennett on Impropriations, p. 131.

[255] Dedicat. of Latimer’s Sermons, vol. ii. p. ix.

[256] Kennett, pp. 158. 184.

[257] History and Fate of Sacrilege, p. 243.

[258] Walton’s Life of Hooker. Eccl. Biog. vol. iv. p. 236.

[259] Fuller’s Holy and Prof. State, p. 239.

[260] Kennett’s Impropr. p. 438.

[261] Id. 184. Prov. xx. 25.

[262] Spelman, p. 297.

[263] Neal, History of the Puritans, vol. iv. p. 55.

[264] Kennett, p. 126.

[265] Strype makes the number 20; Collier, 40. Collier, ii. 19.

[266] Latimer’s Sermons, v. i. p. 87.

[267] See some curious traits of Cromwell’s real character collected from his own memoranda, and other authentic sources, in Ellis’s Original Letters, vol. ii. p. 116, second series, and again, p. 162: a list of the grants of lands made to him by Henry, is given p. 171. See also Hallam’s Constitutional History, 8vo. i. 96.; and Sir James Mackintosh’s History of England, ii. 228.

[268] Burnet, ii. 45, 46.

[269] Id. i. 189, 190.

[270] Id. i. 227.

[271] Levit. xxv. 23.

[272] See the characteristic declaration prefixed to the third volume of the Jesuits’ edition of Newton’s Principia.

[273] See an excellent pamphlet, entitled “The Revenues of the Church not a Burden to the Public.” 1830.

[274] Nehemiah, iv. 18.

[275] Some Account of Shrewsbury, p. 128.

[276] See the Petition of the Inhabitants of Holm Cultram, in Cumberland, to Cromwell, praying for the preservation of the abbey church there, A. D. 1538. Ellis’s Original Letters, ii. 89.

[277] Spelman, Hist. and Fate of Sacrilege, p. 202. The extract is from a letter of John Bale to Leland.

[278] Homily on Keeping clean of Churches.

[279] Strype’s Cranmer, 177.

[280] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 60, 61. Id. i. 176.

[281] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 167.

[282] Id. i. 176, 220.

[283] Strype’s Cranmer, 175.

[284] Fox, 1048. Percy’s Reliques of English Poetry, ii. 291. Shakspeare’s Winter Tale, act iv. sc. 2.

[285] Strype’s Append. 88.

[286] Strype’s Cranmer, 178. 291.

[287] Id. 178.

[288] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 135. 249; ii. 162. 163.

[289] Strype’s Cranmer, 208.

[290] Id. 179.

[291] Id. 291.

[292] Strype’s Life of Parker, p. 17. fol. ed.

[293] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 246.

[294] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 266.

[295] Id. i. 183. See also the lxxvth Canon.

[296] Id. ii. 58.

[297] Strype’s Cranmer, p. 216.

[298] Latimer, i. 93.

[299] See Bishop Jewel’s Sermon on Haggai, i. 2, near the end.

[300] Eccles. Biography, iv. 508. Country Parson, p. 95. 12mo. ch. xxviii.

[301] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 105.

[302] Burnet, Pref. ii. 14. Strype’s Cranmer, p. 36.

[303] Fox’s Acts and Mon. ii. 380.

[304] Fox, ii. 647.

[305] Clarendon’s Hist. of the Rebellion, i. 102.

[306] Fox, ii. 508.

[307] Strype’s Cranmer, pp. 114. 118.

[308] Eccles. Biog. iii. 478.

[309] Fox, ii. 530, et seq.

[310] Fox. See the story of Garret, ii. 517, and of Porter, ii. 536.

[311] Fox, ii. 525.

[312] See Latimer’s Sermons, i. 187. 227. 133. 181: also Fox, ii. 525, the sermon of one Seton, on Justification by Faith only.

[313] Hist. of Cambridge, p. 103.

[314] Barrow’s Works, fol. ed. i. 94. 260. 267. 305. 456.

[315] Latimer’s Sermons, i. 183.

[316] Fox, ii. 684; where Bonner defends himself for having overlooked some of the king’s injunctions in his sermon, by reason of his book of notes having “in his sermon-time fallen away from him.”

[317] See Eccles. Biog. i. 303.

[318] See Archbishop Laurence’s Bampton Lectures, Notes, pp. 196–199.

[319] 1 Macc. i. 56. 58. Fox, i. 682. 685. 772. ii. 416. Collier, ii. 188.

[320] See Strype’s Cranmer, p. 59, and Fox’s Acts and Mon. ii. 364.

[321] Strype, p. 58.

[322] Strype’s Cranmer, p. 64; and Appendix, 42.

[323] Formularies of Faith in the reign of Henry VIII. Published at the Clarendon Press, 1825. P. 25. 34. 386.

[324] Archbishop Laurence’s Bampton Lectures, p. 61–64.

[325] Formularies, &c. p. 116.

[326] Id. p. 161.

[327] Cranmer’s correspondence with Cromwell, on the subject of the Lutheran envoys, who were preparing to depart, evidently from a feeling that the purposes for which they were invited into England were all thwarted by the party which had now the ascendency at court, shows the struggle which was going on at this crisis, and how it was likely to end. See Burnet, iii. Rec. 48; and Todd’s Cranmer, i. 250.

[328] Archbishop Laurence, p. 200. Burnet (Hist. Reform. i. 286, and Supplement, 159,) asserts that it was never introduced into convocation; but here, as in so many other places, he is mistaken.

[329] The name was indeed given it by Gardiner; who thus, under the mask of a compliment, pledged the king to a work much less favourable to the Reformation than the Bishops’ Book. See Strype’s Cranmer, Appendix, No. xxxv.

[330] Strype’s Cranmer, p. 100.

[331] See Preface to the “Doctrine and Erudition,” &c. p. 218, 219.

[332] Formularies, &c., comp. p. 34 and 230.

[333] Comp. p. 40. 42, with 234, 235.

[334] Comp. p. 172, and 333.

[335] Id. p. 60, and 252.

[336] Id. p. 82, et seq. and p. 293.

[337] Id. p. 134, and 299.

[338] Formularies, p. 38.

[339] Id. p. 233.

[340] Id. p. 39.

[341] Id. p. 233.

[342] Comp. pp. 162. 325.

[343] Strype’s Cranmer, pp. 136. 128.

[344] See Cranmer’s Catechism, p. 23.

[345] See Mr. Todd’s Life of Cranmer, i. 354.

[346] Strype, p. 137.

[347] Burnet, Reform. ii. Append. 3.

[348] Ellis’s Original Letters, ii. 187. 2d Series.

[349] “Cum animi amaritudine et cordis dolore.” Burnet, Reform. ii. 168.

[350] Parr’s Works, iv. 181.

[351] Burnet, ii. 37.

[352] Compare Hom. on Good Works, part iii. with the exposition of the second commandment in the “Erudition,” p. 299.

[353] Burnet on the Articles, Pref. p. iii.

[354] Strype’s Cranmer, p. 149.

[355] Eccles. Biog. iii. 505, note, and Todd’s Cranmer, ii. 10, where the authority of John Woolton, a nephew of Dean Nowell, who published in 1576, is quoted for ascribing the three homilies above mentioned to Cranmer.

[356] Burnet, Reform. ii. 26.

[357] Cranmer’s Catechism, pp. 182. 206. Oxford, 1829.

[358] Cranmer’s Catechism, p. 51.

[359] Id. p. 106.

[360] Cranmer’s Catechism, see pp. 208. 210. 213.

[361] Fox, ii. 425.

[362] Eccles. Mem. ii. 368.