332. Letters and Papers, iii, Nos. 2302, 2308, 2320, 2355. &c.

333. Ibid., iv, No. 2635.

334. Laird Clowes, Royal Navy, i. 421.

335. Letters and Papers, ii. 1472.

336. Letters and Papers, i, p. 464.

337. Ibid., p. 716.

338. Venetian Cal. vi, App. No. 171.

339. Spont, p. 179.

340. Letters and Papers, i, p. 344.

341. Letters and Papers, i, p. 362.

342. Ibid., ii, No. 3520.

343. R. G. Marsden, Select Pleas in Court of Admiralty, Introd., p. lvi. The Admiralty Court had other duties: ‘All contracts made abroad, bills of exchange (which at this period were for the most part drawn or payable abroad), commercial agencies abroad, charter parties, insurance, average, freight, non-delivery of or damage to cargo, negligent navigation by masters, mariners or pilots, breach of warranty of seaworthiness, and other provisions contained in charter parties; in short, every kind of shipping business was dealt with by the Admiralty Court’ (Ibid., p. lxvii).

344. 2 and 3 Ed. VI, c. 18.

345. The free trade policy of 1539–46, the troubles with the Hansa under Edward VI and Mary, and the rapid rise of prices during the same two reigns.

346. The customs returns for the period are given in extenso in Schanz, Englische Handelspolitik, ii. 37–156.

347. 22 Hen. VIII, c. 20.

348. Acts of the Privy Council, vi. 39 and 325; Venetian Cal. vi, No. 554.

349. 34 & 35 Hen. VIII, c. 9.

350. J. Latimer, History of the Merchant Venturers’ Society of Bristol, p. 15.

351. Bristol Charters (1909), by the same author, pp. 142–7.

352. Lansdowne MSS., 170, f. 281.

353. For full details of naval administration under Henry VII, see M. Oppenheim, History of the Administration of the Royal Navy, and Naval Accounts and Inventories.

354. 1809 edition, p. 525.

355. Letters and Papers, i, p. 344.

356. Hall, p. 534.

357. Another account says that a gunner of the Cordelière, desperate at the approaching surrender, fired the magazine. If the figures as to survivors are correct they give support to the idea that the French ship blew up while the Regent burned.

358. Letters and Papers, i, p. 409.

359. Hall, p. 536.

360. Letters and Papers, i, p. 538.

361. Echyngham’s account. Prégent’s own description of the fight tallies with the above. The English loss was about 120 killed, number of wounded unknown.

362. Cotton MSS., Aug. I. i. 18.

363. Vol. xx, Preface.

364. The Great Elizabeth, 900 tons, bought 1514; the Katherine Pleasance, 100, built 1518; the Mary Gloria, 300, bought 1517; the Mary and John, bought 1521; the Mary Imperial, 120, built 1515; the Trinity Henry, 250, built 1519.

365. Letters and Papers, iii, Preface, p. ccxvi.

366. Ibid., p. ccxix.

367. Political History of England, vol. v, pp. 250–1.

368. Froude, History of England, iv. 419.

369. Letters and Papers, xx, part i, Nos. 987, 1023, 1101.

370. Martin du Bellay, Mémoires, ed. Michaud et Poujoulat, 1838, p. 553.

371. Letters and Papers, xx, part i, No. 543.

372. Du Bellay says the English had only sixty ships on July 18.

373. Brit. Mus. Maps, 3, Tab. 24, No. 2. The original painting was at Cowdray House, Midhurst, and was burnt with that building at the end of the eighteenth century.

374. Froude, iv. 425–6; Van der Delft to Charles V, Spanish Cal. viii, No. 101; Du Bellay, p. 554. Froude’s account is based mainly on Du Bellay; Van der Delft’s letter was unknown at the time he wrote.

375. A. P. C., i. 212.

376. Ibid., p. 215.

377. Du Bellay, pp. 555–6.

378. Letters and Papers, xx, part i, No. 1237.

379. Letters and Papers, xx, App. No. 27.

380. See J. S. Corbett, Drake and the Tudor Navy, for tactical formations employed in the sixteenth century.

381. Froude, iv. 435–6; Du Bellay, p. 559.

382. Archaeologia, vi. 218.

383. Journal of Edward VI, p. 61.

384. Strype, Memorials, ii. 504.

385. Oppenheim, Administration of the Royal Navy, p. 101.

386. The Lord Hertford who had commanded the land forces at Leith and Edinburgh in 1544.

387. R. O., S. P. Dom., Ed. VI, vol. vii, Nos. 9 and 12.

388. Fox, Acts and Monuments (ed. G. Townsend, 1846), v. 741; Holinshed, iii. 1055.

389. R. O., S. P. Dom., Ed. VI, vol. v, No. 3.

390. Oppenheim, p. 109.

391. R. O., S. P. Dom., Mary, vol. x, No. 67. This paper is small and mutilated, but does not look as if any large portion were missing. It may or may not represent a complete list of the ships employed.

392. Ibid., vol. xi, No. 65.

393. Ibid.

394. Ibid., vol. xii, No. 12.

396. Froude, vi. 500.