Primitive Culture, Vol. 2 of 2

639. Homer. Il. xxiii. 192, Odyss. xx. 66, 77; Apollon. Rhod. Argonautica; Apollodor. i. 9. 21; Virg. Æn. i. 56; Welcker, ‘Griech. Götterl.’ vol. i. p. 707, vol. iii. p. 67.

640. Grimm, ‘Deutsche Myth.’ pp. 121, 871.

641. Wuttke, ‘Deutsche Volksabergl.’ p. 86.

642. Tanner’s ‘Narrative,’ p. 193; Loskiel, l.c. See also Rochefort, ‘Iles Antilles,’ p. 414; J. G. Müller, p. 178 (Antilles).

643. Garcilaso de la Vega, ‘Commentarios Reales,’ i. 10; Rivero & Tschudi, p. 161; J. G. Müller, p. 369.

644. Waitz, ‘Anthropologie,’ vol. ii. p. 170.

645. ‘Report of Ethnological Committee, Jubbulpore Exhibition,’ 1866-7. Nagpore, 1868, part ii. p. 54.

646. Macpherson, ‘India,’ chap. vi.

647. Georgi, ‘Reise im Russ. Reich,’ vol. i. pp. 275, 317. Castrén, ‘Finn. Myth,’ p. 86, &c.

648. Plath, ‘Religion der alten Chinesen,’ part i. pp. 36, 73, part ii. p. 32. Doolittle, ‘Chinese,’ vol. i. pp. 86, 354, 413, vol. ii. pp. 67, 380, 455.

649. ‘Rig-Veda,’ i. 89. 4, &c., &c.

650. Welcker, ‘Griech. Götterl.’ vol. i. p. 385, &c.

651. Varro de Ling. Lat. iv.

652. Tacit. Germania, 40. Grimm, ‘Deutsche Myth.’ p. 229, &c.

653. Wuttke, ‘Deutsche Volksabergl.’ p. 87.

654. Liebich, ‘Die Zigeuner,’ pp. 30, 84.

655. Schoolcraft, ‘Indian Tribes,’ part iii. p. 485; Eastman, ‘Dahcotah,’ pp. i. 118, 161.

656. Clavigero, vol. ii. p. 14.

657. Marsden, ‘Sumatra,’ p. 301; see also 303 (Tagals).

658. Ellis, ‘Polyn. Res.’ vol. i. p. 328.

659. Bosman, ‘Guinea,’ letter xix.; in Pinkerton, vol. xvi. p. 494. Burton, ‘Dahome,’ vol. ii. p. 141. See also below, chap. xviii. (sacrifice).

660. Schlegel, ‘Ewe Sprache,’ p. xiv.

661. Garcilaso de la Vega, ‘Commentarios Reales,’ i. 10, vi. 17; Rivero & Tschudi, ‘Peru,’ p. 161.

662. Steller, ‘Kamtschatka,’ p. 265.

663. Siebold, ‘Nippon,’ part v. p. 9.

665. Cicero, De Natura Deorum, iii. 20.

666. Homer, Il. i. 538, xiii. 18, xx. 13. Welcker, ‘Griech. Götterl.’ vol. i. p. 616 (Nereus), p. 622 (Poseidon). Cox, ‘Mythology of Aryan Nations,’ vol. ii. ch. vi.

667. Loskiel, ‘Ind. of N. A.’ part i. pp. 41, 45. See also J. G. Müller, p. 55.

668. Irving, ‘Astoria,’ vol. ii. ch. xxii.

669. Torquemada, ‘Monarquia Indiana,’ vi. c. 28, x. c. 22, 30; Brasseur, ‘Mexique,’ vol. iii. pp. 492, 522, 536.

670. Schirren, ‘Wandersage der Neuseeländer,’ &c., p. 32; Turner, ‘Polynesia,’ pp. 252, 527.

671. Burton, ‘Dahome,’ vol. ii. p. 148; Schlegel, ‘Ewe Sprache,’ p. xv.

672. Steller, ‘Kamtschatka,’ p. 276.

673. Batchelor in ‘Tr. As. Soc. Japan,’ vols. x. xvi.

674. Castrén, ‘Finn. Myth.’ p. 57; Billings, ‘N. Russia,’ p. 123 (Yakuts); Bastian, ‘Vorstellungen von Wasser und Feuer,’ in ‘Zeitschr. für Ethnologie,’ vol. i. p. 383 (Mongols).

675. Klemm, ‘Cultur-Gesch.’ vol. vi. p. 85 (Circassia). Welcker, vol. i. p. 663.

676. See ‘Records of the Past,’ vol. iii. p. 137, vol. ix. p. 143; Sayce, ‘Lectures on Rel. of Ancient Babylonians,’ p. 170. For accounts of Semitic fire-worship, see Movers, ‘Phönizier,’ vol. i. p. 327, &c., 337, &c., 401.

677. ‘Rig-Veda,’ i. 1. 1, 19. 2, iii. 1. 18, &c.; Max Müller, vol. i. p. 39; Ward, ‘Hindoos,’ vol. ii. p. 53. Haug, ‘Essays on Parsis,’ iv.; ‘Early Hist. of Mankind,’ p. 255.

678. Hanway, ‘Journal of Travels,’ London, 1753, vol. i. ch. lvii.

679. Diog. Lært. Proœm. ii. 6. Sextus Empiricus adv. Physicos, ix.; Strabo, xv. 3, 13.

680. John Wilson, ‘The Parsi Religion,’ ch. iv.; ‘Avesta,’ tr. by Spiegel, Yacna, i. lxi.

681. Max Müller, ‘Chips,’ vol. i. p. 169. Haug, ‘Essays on Parsis,’ p. 281.

682. Hanusch, ‘Slaw. Myth.’ pp. 88, 98.

683. Homer. Hymn. Aphrod. 29, Hestia 1. Welcker, ‘Griech. Götterl.’ vol. ii. pp. 686, 691.

684. Ovid. Fast. vi. 295.

685. Boecler, ‘Ehsten Abergl.’ p. 29, &c.

686. Wuttke, ‘Volksabergl.’ p. 86. Grohmann, ‘Aberglauben aus Böhmen,’ p. 41.

687. D’Orbigny, ‘L’Homme Américain,’ vol. i. p. 242.

688. Herod, i. 216, iv. 184. Baker, ‘Albert Nyanza,’ vol. i. p. 144.

689. Waitz, ‘Anthropologie,’ vol. iii. p. 181 (Hudson’s B., Pottawatomies), 205 (Virginians). J. G. Müller, ‘Amer. Urrel.’ p. 117 (Delawares, Sioux, Mingos, &c.). Sproat, ‘Ind. of Vancouver’s I.’ in ‘Tr. Eth. Soc.’ vol. v. p. 253. Loskiel, ‘Ind. of N. A.’ part i. p. 43 (Delawares). Hennepin, ‘Voyage dans l’Amérique,’ p. 302 (Sioux), &c. Bartram, ‘Creek and Cherokee Ind.’ in ‘Tr. Amer. Eth. Soc.’ vol. iii. part i. pp. 20, 26; see also Schoolcraft, ‘Ind. Tribes,’ part ii. p. 127 (Comanches, &c.); Morgan, ‘Iroquois,’ p. 164; Gregg, vol. ii. p. 238 (Shawnees); but compare the remarks of Brinton, ‘Myths of New World,’ p. 141.

690. Martius, ‘Ethnog. Amer.’ vol. i. p. 327 (Botocudos). Waitz, vol. iii. p. 518 (Araucanians). Dobrizhoffer, vol. ii. p. 89 (Puelches). Charlevoix, ‘Hist. du Paraguay,’ vol. i. p. 331 (Diaguitas). J. G. Müller, p. 255 (Botocudos, Aucas, Diaguitas).

691. Charlevoix, ‘Nouvelle France,’ vol. vi. p. 172; Waitz, vol. iii. p. 217.

692. Rochefort, ‘Iles Antilles,’ book ii. ch. viii.

693. Torquemada, ‘Monarquia Indiana,’ ix. c. 34; Sahagun, ‘Hist. de Nueva España,’ ii. App. in Kingsborough, ‘Antiquities of Mexico;’ Waitz, vol. iv. p. 138; J. G. Müller, p. 474, &c.; Brasseur, ‘Mexique,’ vol. iii. p. 487; Tylor, ‘Mexico,’ p. 141.

694. Piedrahita, ‘Hist. Gen. de las Conquistas del Nuevo Reyno de Granada,’ Antwerp, 1688: part i. book i. c. iii. iv.; Humboldt, ‘Vues des Cordillères;’ Waitz, vol. iv. p. 352, &c.; J. G. Müller, p. 432, &c.

695. Garcilaso de la Vega, ‘Commentarios Reales,’ lib. i. c. 15, &c., iii. c. 20; v. c. 2, 6; ‘Rites and Laws of the Yncas,’ tr. & ed. by C. R. Markham, (Hakluyt Soc., 1873) p. 84; Prescott, ‘Peru,’ book i. ch. iii.; Waitz, vol. iv. p. 447, &c.; J. G. Müller, p. 362, &c.

696. Meiners, ‘Gesch. der Rel.’ vol. i. p. 383. Burton, ‘Central Afr.’ vol. ii. p. 346; ‘Dahome,’ vol. ii. p. 147.

697. Hodgson, ‘Abor. of India,’ pp. 167, 175 (Bodos, &c.).

698. Dalton, ‘Kols,’ in ‘Tr. Eth. Soc.’ vol. vi. p. 33 (Oraons, &c.); Hunter, ‘Annals of Rural Bengal,’ p. 184 (Santals).

699. Macpherson, ‘India,’ p. 84, &c. (Khonds).

700. Castrén, ‘Finn. Myth.’ pp. 16, 51, &c. Meiners, l.c. Georgi, ‘Reise im Russ. Reich.’ vol. i. pp. 275, 317. Klemm, ‘Cultur-Geschichte,’ vol. iii. p. 87. Sun-Worship in Japan, Siebold, ‘Nippon,’ part v. p. 9. For further evidence as to savage and barbaric worship of the Sun as Supreme Deity, see chap. xvii.

701. ‘Rig-Veda,’ i. 35, 50; iii. 62, 10. Max Müller, ‘Lectures,’ 2nd Ser. pp. 378, 411; ‘Chips,’ vol. i. p. 19. Colebrooke, ‘Essays,’ vol. i. pp. 30, 133. Ward, ‘Hindoos,’ vol. ii. p. 42.

702. ‘Khordah-Avesta,’ xxvi. in Avesta tr. by Spiegel, vol. iii.; M. Haug, ‘Essays on Parsis.’ Strabo, xv. 3, 13. Nonnus, xl. 400. Movers, ‘Phönizier,’ vol. i. p. 180: ‘Ἡλίῳ Μίθρᾳ ἀνικήτῳ’; ‘Διὸς ἀνικήτον Ἡλίου.’

703. Plat. Sympos. xxxvi. See Welcker, ‘Griech. Götterlehre,’ vol. i. pp. 400, 412.

704. Cæsar de Bello Gallico, vi. 21: ‘Deorum numero eos solos ducunt, quos cernunt et quorum aperte opibus juvantur, Solem et Vulcanum et Lunam, reliquos ne fama quidem acceperunt.’

705. Cicero de Natura Deorum, iii. 21.

706. See Wilkinson, ‘Ancient Egyptians’; Renouf, ‘Religion of Ancient Egypt.’

707. Deut. iv. 19, xvii. 3; 2 Kings xxiii. 11.

708. Movers, ‘Phönizier,’ vol. i. pp. 162, 180, &c. Lamprid. Heliogabal. i.

709. Euseb. Præparat. Evang. i. 6.

710. Neander, ‘Church History,’ vol. vi. p. 341. Carsten Niebuhr, ‘Reisebeschr.’ vol. ii. p. 396.

711. Palgrave, ‘Arabia,’ vol. i. p. 9; vol. ii. p. 258. See Koran, xli. 37.

712. Tertullian. Apolog. adv. Gentes, xvi. See Lucian. de Saltat. xvii.; compare Job. xxxi. 26.

713. Leo. I. Serm. viii. in Natal. Dom.

714. Wuttke, ‘Volksaberglaube,’ p. 150.

715. Grimm, ‘Deutsche Myth.’ p. 581, &c. Wuttke, pp. 17, 93. Brand, ‘Pop. Ant.’ vol. i. p. 157, &c. ‘Early Hist. of Mankind,’ p. 260. Murray’s ‘Handbook for Syria and Palestine,’ 1868, p. 162.

716. See Pauly, ‘Real-Encyclop.’ s.v. ‘Sol;’ Petavius, ‘Juliani Imp. Opera,’ 290-2, 277. Bingham, ‘Antiquities of Christian Church,’ book xx. ch. iv.; Neander, ‘Church Hist.’ vol. iii. p. 437; Beausobre, ‘Hist. de Manichée,’ vol. ii. p. 691; Gibbon, ch. xxii.; Creuzer, ‘Symbolik,’ vol. i. p. 761, &c.

717. Grimm, ‘D. M.’ pp. 593, 1223. Brand, ‘Popular Antiquities,’ vol. i. p. 467. Monnier, ‘Traditions Populaires,’ p. 188.

718. Grimm, ‘D. M.’ p. 583; Brand, vol. i. p. 298; Wuttke, pp. 14, 140. Beausobre, l.c.

719. Spix and Martius, ‘Reise in Brasilien,’ vol. i. pp. 377, 381; Martius, ‘Ethnog. Amer.’ vol. i. p. 327; Pr. Max. v. Wied, vol. ii. p. 58; J. G. Müller, pp. 218, 254; also Musters, ‘Patagonians,’ pp. 58, 179.

720. De la Borde, ‘Caraibes,’ p. 525.

721. Sproat, ‘Savage Life,’ p. 206; ‘Tr. Eth. Soc.’ vol. v. p. 253.

722. Brebeuf in ‘Rel. des Jés.’ 1635, p. 34.

723. Livingstone, ‘S. Afr.’ p. 235; Waitz, vol. ii. pp. 175, 342.

724. Römer, ‘Guinea,’ p. 84; Du Chaillu, ‘Ashango-land,’ p. 428; see Purchas, vol. v. p. 766. Müller, ‘Fetu,’ p. 47.

725. Merolla, ‘Congo,’ in Pinkerton, vol. xvi. p. 273.

726. Kolbe, ‘Beschryving van de Kaap de Goede Hoop,’ part i. xxix. See ante, vol. i. p. 355.

727. Loskiel, ‘Ind. of N. A.’ part i. p. 43.

728. Bickmore, ‘Ainos,’ in ‘Tr. Eth. Soc.’ vol. vii. p. 20.

729. Hodgson, ‘Abor. of India,’ p. 167.

730. Georgi, ‘Reise im Russ. R.’ vol. i. p. 275.

731. Clavigero, ‘Messico,’ vol. ii. pp. 9, 35; Tylor, ‘Mexico,’ l.c.

732. Waitz, vol. iv. p. 362.

733. Garcilaso de la Vega, ‘Commentarios Reales,’ iii. 21.

734. Siebold, ‘Nippon,’ part v. p. 9.

735. Deuteron. xvii. 3; Polyb. vii. 9; see Movers, ‘Phönizier,’ pp. 159, 536, 605.

736. Lucian. de Syria Dea, iv. 34.

737. Wilkinson, ‘Ancient Egyptians,’ ed. by Birch, vol. iii. p. 174. See Plutarch. Is. et Osir.

738. Welcker, ‘Griech. Götterl.’ vol. i. p. 550, &c.

739. Cic. de Nat. Deor. ii. 27.

740. Grimm, ‘D. M.’ ch. xxii.

741. Akerblad, ‘Lettre à Italinsky.’ Burton, ‘Central Afr.’ vol. ii. p. 346. Mungo Park, ‘Travels,’ in ‘Pinkerton,’ vol. xvi. p. 875.

742. Grimm, ‘D. M.’ pp. 29, 667; Brand, vol. iii. p. 146; Forbes Leslie, ‘Early Races of Scotland,’ vol. i. p. 136.

743. Herrera, ‘Indias Occidentales,’ Dec. i. 3, 3; J. G. Müller, ‘Amer. Urrel.’ pp. 175, 221.