[547] Gesta, l.c.; R. Devizes, 25; Est., ll. 939, 940.

[548] “Que ja a lui [i. e. Tancred] ne plaideroit, E que il se porchaceroit.” Est., ll. 941-50.

[549] Est., ll. 951-73.

[550] Ib., ll. 891-5.

[551] Rigord, 106.

[552] Est., ll. 977-1000; Gesta, 133-6; Itin., 169; R. Diceto, ii. 85; R. Devizes, 24, 25.

[553] Letter of Richard in Gesta, 133.

[554] Letters of Richard to Tancred and to the Pope, in Gesta, 133-8.

[555] Gesta, 136.

[556] Richard in both his letters cited above acknowledges the receipt of 20,000 ounces of gold as the dowry of Arthur’s betrothed. We shall see that the other sum, though the letters do not mention it, was paid also.

[557] Est., ll. 1049-52; Itin., 169, 170. Rigord (106), on the other hand, declares it was “thanks to King Philip’s intervention and efforts” that Tancred and Richard were reconciled—which is perhaps true in a sense, but not the sense in which Philip’s panegyrist meant it—and complains that of the forty thousand ounces of gold Philip “had only the third part, when he ought to have had half.”

[558] Gesta, 129-32.

[559] Est., ll. 1053-74; Itin., 171, 172. In the printed edition of the Estoire, line 1062 reads thus: “Richarz qui n’est aver ne chinches.” If est be really the reading of the MS., it of course places beyond all doubt the correctness of M. Gaston Paris’s assertion that the poet “a certainement écrit avant la mort de Richard” (introd., p. 1.). But M. Paris does not cite this line in support of his assertion, and in his modern French version of the poem he renders the line “Richard, qui n’était pas chiche ni avare” (p. 347). We are therefore at present left in doubt whether n’est be not here a misprint for n’ert.

[560] Gesta, 157.

[561] Ib., 146, 147.

[562] Est., ll. 1080-1108; cf. Gesta, 150.

[563] Gesta, 150, 151.

[564] See above, p. 79.

[565] Gesta, 155-7.

[566] Rigord, 107.

[567] Est., ll. 1145-8.

[568] Gesta, 157; they are there said to have gone to Brindisi. February 27 that year was Ash Wednesday; possibly Richard had hoped they would arrive in time for the marriage to take place before Lent.

[569] Rigord, 107.

[570] So says Itin., 170, 171; in the Gesta, 158, he is said to have gone “per consilium regis Franciae,” which from the sequel does not seem very likely.

[571] Gesta, 158, 159.

[572] Ib., 159, 160.

[573] Charter of Philip, in Fœdera, I. i. 54, dated “March 1190,” the French year beginning on Lady day.

[574] “Tertio kalendas Aprilis, sabbato,” Gesta, 161; “die Sabbati post Annunciationem B. Mariae,” Itin., 175; i. e., Saturday, March 30. In p. 177, however, the author of the Itinerarium says Richard sailed on the seventeenth day after Philip’s departure; which, as all authorities (this same writer included, l.c.) date Richard’s departure from Messina on the Wednesday before Easter, i. e., April 10, ought to mean that Philip sailed on Lady day itself. R. Diceto, ii. 91, makes him sail “quarto kalendas Aprilis,” i. e., March 29; or, according to another MS., “tertio kalendas Aprilis,” agreeing with Gesta. This latter authority says (161) that Philip reached Acre on the twenty-second day of his voyage, viz. Saturday in Easter week, i. e., April 20. Rigord, 108, dates his arrival Easter Even (April 13).

[575] Gesta, 157.

[576] Cf. ib., 161, and Est., ll. 1135-40, 1153-9.

[577] Gesta, 162; Est., ll. 1186-90; Itin., 177; R. Diceto, ii. 91.

[578] One hundred “naves” and 14 “buccae,” R. Devizes, 17. This writer, it must be remembered, supposed the king to have joined his fleet at Marseille and coasted along with it thence to Messina, picking up more ships as he went; but as we have seen, this is an error.

[579] R. Diceto, ii. 86, makes it 219, viz. 156 “naves,” 24 “buccae,” and 39 “galeae”; the Gesta, 162, make it 203, being 150 “magnae naves” and 53 “galeae”; R. Devizes, 46, reckons the fleet at its leaving Messina as comprising 180 “naves,” “buccae,” and “dromundi” (thus tallying with R. Diceto), besides the “galeae” of which he does not state the number.

[580] Cf. the description of twelfth century galeae in W. Tyr., lib. xiv. c. 20, with that in Itin., 80.

[581] R. Devizes, 17.

[582] R. Devizes, 46.

[583] Est., ll. 1179-85, 1200; Itin., 176, 177.

[584] “Devant siglot li reis meismes,” Est., l. 1259.

[585] Itin., 177.

[586] “Prés de Vïaires,” Est., l. 1216; probably, as M. Gaston Paris says, Cape Spartivento, the eastern point of Calabria.

[587] Est., ll. 1202-28.

[588] R. Devizes, 46.

[589] Itin., 178.

[590] Est., ll. 1233-60.

[591] Ib., ll. 1261-7.

[592] Ib., ll. 1268-1312.

[593] Ib., ll. 1377-1400.

[594] Cf. R. Howden, iii. 105, Est., ll. 1401, 1402, and Itin., 184, which alone gives the date.

[595] R. Devizes, 47.

[596] Itin., 184-7; cf. Est., ll. 1403-25.

[597] Itin., 187, 188.

[598] Est., ll. 1315-34, 1349-51.

[599] Ib., ll. 1449-72. Cf. Itin., 189. We need not trouble ourselves about the speeches in Gesta, 163, and R. Howden, ii. 106.

[600] Est., ll. 1479-95; Itin., 189. Cf. R. Howden, iii. 107.

[601] R. Devizes, 47.

[602] “Estions mis es bargettes Qui esteient mult petitettes” Est., ll. 1505, 1506.

[603] Est., ll. 1473-4, 1495-1564; Itin., 180-91.

[604] Itin., 191.

[605] Est., ll. 1565-1700; cf. Itin., 192-4, Gesta, 163, 164, and R. Howden, iii. 107, 108.

[606] Est., ll. 1335-45. Philip reached Acre April 13 according to Rigord, 108; Saturday in Easter week, April 20, according to Gesta, 161.

[607] “Rex ad omnia promptissimus, ne dicam praesumptuosissimus,” Itin., 195.

[608] Ib.

[609] Est., ll. 1701-45; Itin., 195, 196.

[610] Est., ll. 1749-53, and Itin., 196, say Richard had now forty galleys, including the five Cypriotes.

[611] Est., ll. 1761-75, 1791-97; cf. Itin., 196, 197.

[612] Itin., 197, 198.

[613] Est., ll. 1777-90, 1813-18.

[614] Called “Ebetines” by Ambrose, Est., l. 1967.

[615] The later Deudamours, now Audimo, in the interior.

[616] See Gestes des Chiprois, 514.

[617] Est., ll. 1833-2056; cf. Itin., 199-203, Gesta, 166, and R. Howden, iii. 109-11.

[618] The “fifteen days” come from Est., ll. 2061-4, and Itin., 203. The Gesta, 167, and R. Howden, iii. 110, lengthen the campaign, placing Richard’s marriage, May 12, in the middle of it instead of before its beginning. They date Isaac’s surrender Whitsun Eve, June 1; the Itin., 203, makes it Friday, May 31.

[619] Est., ll. 2065-82.

[620] See the complaints of a contemporary Cypriote (Greek) writer, in Itin., introd. clxxxvi.

[621] Gesta, 168; cf. R. Howden, iii. 111, 112.

[622] Est., ll. 2067-8.

[623] Gesta, 167.

[624] Est., ll. 2101-5.

[625] Ib., ll. 2087, 2088; Itin., 204.

[626] Est., ll. 2089-92; Itin., l.c.

[627] Gesta, 168; R. Howden, iii. 112. The latter absurdly says the queens with the Maid of Cyprus and the greater part of the fleet reached Acre on the day of Isaac’s submission, i. e., June 1. It is quite clear that the whole fleet, with king, queens, and all, sailed on June 5.

[628] R. Diceto, ii. 93.

[629] Est., ll. 2129-41; cf. Itin., 208.

[630] R. Devizes, 49.

[631] Est., ll. 2140-60.

[632] “Come si ço fust ovre de fee,” Est., l. 2162.

[633] Est., ll. 2185-275; cf. Itin., 205-9, and the brief accounts in Gesta, 168, 169, R. Howden, iii. 112, and R. Diceto, ii. 93, 94. R. Devizes, 94, absurdly says Richard had 1300 men drowned, “reservando ducentos.”

[634] Est., ll. 2142-9; Itin., 205; R. Diceto, ii. 93; Bohadin (Recueil Hist. Croisades, Hist. Orientaux, iii.), 220, 221.

[635] Bohadin, l.c.

[636] Est., ll. 2165-84; Itin., 206. The brief accounts in Gesta and R. Howden say nothing of the serpents; R. Diceto, l.c., mentions among the contents of the ship “serpentium ignitorum plena vasa plurima”; I have thought it right to adopt the interpretation of the “serpents” which these words imply, although a curious question seems to be suggested by comparing the story with an account in the Morning Post of August 14, 1914, of a captured German liner whose cargo is there said to have included “about sixty alligators and reptiles.”

[637] Bohadin, 221.

[638] Est., ll. 2194-5.

[639] Bohadin, 221.

[640] Est., ll. 2305-8.

[641] Gesta, 168; R. Howden, iii. 112. These writers say Richard camped outside the city, and place the affair of the dromond on the next day, June 7. But the Estoire distinctly locates the meeting with the dromond between Beyrout and Sidon. R. Diceto, ii. 94, dates it June 6, which is doubtless correct. Bohadin’s date, June 11 (p. 220), is impossible. Ambrose goes on to say that after the wind changed the king “jut devant Sor cil nuitie” (l. 2308); for which the Itin. has “proxima nocte ante Tyrum fixis anchoris classis persistebat” (p. 210).

[642] Est., ll. 2309-12.

[643] Ibn Djobeïr, Recueil, Hist. Orientaux, iii. 450.

[644] Ib.

[645] See descriptions in Archer, Crusade of Richard I, 373, and Crusades, 317, 318.

[646] The Est., ll. 2753, 2754, says four hundred knights and seven thousand foot. The Itin., 61, says seven hundred knights, besides other fighting men, and that with these “non prorsus ad novem millia robur numeratum excrevit.”

[647] “Un samedi al seir,” Est., l. 2372; date from Itin., 211, R. Diceto, ii. 94, Gesta, 169.

[648] “Le preuz reis, le quor de lion,” Est., l. 2310.

[649] Est., ll. 2312-24; cf. Itin., 210, 211.

[650] Gesta, 169; R. Howden, iii. 113.

[651] Itin., 211.

[652] Est., ll. 4575-88; Itin., 213, 214.

[653] R. Devizes, 50.

[654] Gesta, 170.

[655] R. Devizes, l.c.

[656] Est., ll. 4610-16; Itin., 214, 215.

[657] R. Devizes, 50, 51.

[658] Est., ll. 4605-8; Itin., 214; cf. Gesta, 170, and see M. Gaston Paris’s remarks in his introduction to Est., p. lxxiii.

[659] Est., ll. 4609-88, Itin., 215, 216, Bohadin, 222. The dates are from Bohadin, whose narrative is by far the clearest; the western writers have confused the two assaults, and the date in the Itinerarium is impossible.

[660] Gesta, 170; R. Howden, iii. 113.

[661] Est., l. 4808; Itin., 220.

[662] Bohadin, 222-4, 227, 228.

[663]

[664] Ibn Alathir; Recueil des Hist. des Croisades, Hist. Orient., II, i. 58. Cf. Ernoul, Chronique, 181-3.

[665] “Vir Leviannigena,” R. Devizes, 52; the reference is evidently to Isaiah xxvii. 1.

[666] Gesta, 170. Bohadin, 225, gives the date of Conrad’s departure for Tyre as “Monday 30 Jomada 1.” As 30 Jomada 1 (i. e., June 25) that year was Tuesday, he must mean either Monday 24 or Tuesday 25.

[667] Gesta, 170, 171.

[668] Itin., 122.

[669] “Post multum vero temporis,” Gesta, 171; but as we have seen that Conrad went to Tyre on June 24 or 25, and we shall see that he was back again at Acre early in July, the writer must surely have meant “non multum.”

[670] Gesta, 171; R. Howden, iii. 114.

[671] See lists in Est., ll. 4705-35, and Itin., 217, 218.

[672] Gesta, 173; Est., ll. 4815-34, 4867-71; Itin., 222.

[673] Gesta, 173; R. Howden, iii. 117.

[674] Bohadin, 229, 230; Est., ll. 4841-63.

[675] Gesta, 174; Bohadin, 230.

[676] Bohadin, l.c.

[677] According to one version, they implicitly refused it by requiring, in addition, other conditions such as the garrison had not power to accept without Saladin’s consent, which he was quite certain not to give; Gesta, l.c., followed by R. Howden, iii. 171. Cf. Bohadin, 233.

[678] Cf. Bohadin, 234, with Gesta, l.c.

[679] Est., ll. 4927-42; cf. Itin., 224, 225.

[680] Gesta, 175; cf. Est., ll. 4943-7, and Itin., 225.

[681] Est., ll. 4948-5040; Itin., 225-8; date from Gesta, 174.

[682] Gesta, 175.

[683] “Le Balafré.”

[684] See the conflicting accounts in Itin., 229, Gesta, 175, and R. Howden, iii. 118, 119.