Cf. Bottard, Poissons Venimeux (Paris, 1889, 8vo), and Marie Sacchi, Atti Soc. Ligust. vi. 1895, p. 89.
Cf. Dybowsky, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxiii. 1873, p. 475, and Zool. Centralbl. viii. 1901, p. 475; Zograf, Tagebl. zool. Congr. Berlin, No. 8 (1901), p. 9.
The anatomy and external characters of these fishes have been fully monographed by S. Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. xiv. No. 2, 1892.
Moseley, Notes Natur. Challenger, 2nd edition, p. 495.
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) viii. 1901, p. 261.
Op. cit. xi. 1903, p. 460.
Cf. Allman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. 1841, p. 161; Schmidt, Nord. Med. Ark. vi. No. 2, 1875; Gressin, Contribution à l'étude de l'appareil à venin chez les Poissons du genre Vive (Paris, 1884, 8vo); W. N. Parker, P.Z.S. 1888, p. 359; Phisalix, Bull. Mus. Paris, 1899, p. 256.
This is really the second, the first having entirely disappeared, as in some Gobiesocidae.
P.Z.S. 1898, p. 281.
The vertebral column in this family shows that the first segment has been lost in Callionymus, as could be deduced from the fact that, in that genus, the first rib is on the second vertebra instead of on the third as is usual in Teleosteans. In the Gobiesocidae, as in Callionymus, there are three occipital condyles on a straight transverse line, the outer, formed by the exoccipitals, invariably articulating with the second vertebra.
Which have been described as ribs by Günther and by Guitel.
On the habits and anatomy of the French species, cf. Guitel, Arch. Zool. Expér. (2) vi. 1888, p. 423.
Arch. Zool. Expér. (3) i. 1893, p. 325.
What has been described as the rib of the first vertebra is an ossified ligament, probably homologous with the first epipleural, which extends from the clavicle to the neural arch of the first vertebra (ligamentum scapulo-occipitale of Siebenrock).
On the breeding habits and development of this fish, cf. J. A. Ryder, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. vi. 1886, p. 4, and Proc. Acad. Philad. 1890, p. 407.
Cf. Günther, Trans. Zool. Soc. vi. 1869, p. 437.
Cf. C. W. Greene, Journ. of Morphol. xv. 1899, p. 667.
It is in fact, in some cases, difficult to decide whether a genus should be referred to the Gadidae or to the Zoarcidae.
Cf. Poey, Mem. Cuba, ii. p. 96 (1860).
On the general structure, anatomy, and metamorphoses, cf. L. Powell, Tr. N. Zeal. Inst. ii. 1878, p. 269; Emery, Atti Ace. Lincei, iii. 1879, p. 390; Lütken, Vid. Meddel. 1881, p. 190, and Overs. Vid. Selsk. Skr. 1882, Suppl. p. 21; Collett, Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christ. 1883, No. 16; T. J. Parker, Tr. Z. S. xii. 1886, p. 5; Smitt, Bih. Fören. Förh. i. 1889, p. 17; A. Meek, Stud. Mus. Univ. Coll. Dundee, i. 1890, No. vi.; F. Mazza, Int. Monatschr. Anat. xviii. 1901, p. 129.
Cf. A. Agassiz, Amer. Journ. Sci. (3), iii. 1872, p. 154; J. M. Jones, Nature, xix. 1879, p. 363; Vaillant, C. R. Soc. Biol. (8), iv. 1887, p. 732.
Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. (3), xiv. 1850, p. 105, and C. R. Ac. Sci. lxxiv. 1872, p. 1527.
Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, ii. p. 284.
Cf. Pellegrin, Poissons Vénéneux (Paris, 1900, 8vo), which contains a very full résumé of what is known of the toxic properties of the various Plectognaths.
Sitzb. Akad. Berl. 1889, p. 999.
Cf. Thilo, Anat. Anz. xvi. 1899, p. 73.