FOOTNOTES:
[1] Wieland (06) p. 190.
[2] Botanical Magazine, Tab. 1741.
[3] Matte (04) Pl. xi. fig. 185 (Microcycas).
[4] Thibout (96).
[5] Thibout (96) Pl. iv. fig. 3. A branched microstrobilus of a Macrozamia is exhibited in the Botanical Department of the British Museum.
[6] Pearson (06).
[7] Sohns-Laubach (90); South and Compton (08); Smith, F. G. (07).
[8] Chamberlain (13).
[9] Lang (97); (00).
[10] Chamberlain (09) p. 410.
[11] Caldwell (07).
[12] For figures and references, see Coulter and Chamberlain (10).
[13] Chamberlain (12) p. 11.
[14] Saxton (104).
[15] For an explanation of the occurrence of a single cotyledon in Ceratozamia, see Dorety (08).
[16] Worsdell (00); (01); Chamberlain (11).
[17] μανός, porous, loose in texture; πυκνόϛ, compact.
[18] Sifton (15).
[19] Worsdell (00); (06). See postea, Chap. xxx.
[20] Worsdell (982).
[21] For figures, see Mettenius (60) B.; de Bary (84) A.; le Goc (14); Marsh (14).
[22] Wieland (06) pp. 62, 63.
[23] Matte (04) Pl. vii. fig. 111.
[24] Scott (97); Matte (04) p. 164.
[25] The species Cycas taiwanensis was founded by Mr Carruthers (93) on material from Formosa, and C. revoluta has also been recorded from Formosa [Thiselton-Dyer (02) p. 559], but according to Mr Elwes it is very doubtful whether any native Cycad occurs on the island.
[26] Engler (95) p. 92; Stapf (14).
[27] Gard. Chron. June 11, 1904, p. 370.
[28] Bot. Mag. 1909, Tab. 8232.
[29] Pearson (06).
[30] Chamberlain (122).
[31] Chamberlain (06).
[32] Webber (01).
[33] Chamberlain (09).
[34] Hooker, J. D. (91) A. p. 98 (footnote).
[35] Pearson (06).
[36] Prof. de Vries kindly informed me in a letter that this estimate is not to be regarded as anything more than a rough guess.
[37] Stopes (10).
[38] Caldwell (07).
[39] Bower (84).
[40] Rosen (11).
[41] Seward (95) A. pp. 15 et seq.
[42] Braun, A. (75).
[43] Thiselton-Dyer (65) B.; Bot. Mag. 1909, Tab. 8242.
[44] Thiselton-Dyer (02) p. 560.
[45] Gard. Chron. 1904, June 11, p. 370.
[46] Seward (97).
[47] Braun, A. (752) p. 376.
[48] Bot. Mag. 1818, Tab. 1969.
[49] Matte (04) p. 34.
[50] Seward (95) A. p. 5; Robertson (02) fig. 4.
[51] Vol. ii. fig. 287, p. 389.
[52] Chamberlain (09).
[53] Braun, A. (75); Bornemann (56) A. Pl. x.
[54] Caldwell (07); Caldwell and Baker (07).
[55] Bot. Mag. 1859, Tab. 5121.
[56] Vol. ii. p. 485.
[57] Lignier (94).
[58] Chamberlain (123).
[59] For information on the anatomy of reproductive shoots, see Thibout (96); Scott (97); Worsdell (98); Matte (04).
[60] Thiselton-Dyer (01); Bot. Mag. 1915, Tab. 8592, 8593. For instances of monstrous cones, see Miquel (69), Wieland (02).
[61] Chamberlain (09).
[62] Dorrien-Smith (11) p. 287.
[63] Stopes (04) p. 467.
[64] Stopes (04) p. 438, fig. 1; Warming (77) Pl. iii.
[65] Chamberlain (06).
[66] Kershaw (12).
[67] Stopes (04).
[68] Oliver (13).
[69] Thoday (Sykes) (11); Sykes (10); Thoday (Sykes) and Berridge (12).
[70] Salisbury (14) p. 72.
[71] Kraus (96).
[72] Pearson (06).
[73] Rattray (13).
[74] Worsdell (96); (01).
[75] See ante, p. 5.
[76] Chamberlain (11); Wieland (06).
[77] Pavolini (09); Marsh (14).
[78] Matte (08).
[79] Dorety (082); (09).
[80] Worsdell (96).
[81] Matte (04) especially pp. 185–202. See also Worsdell (00); (06) etc.
[82] Matte (04) p. 210.
[83] Worsdell (982).
[84] Caldwell (07).
[85] Carano (04); le Goc (14); Marsh (14).
[86] Le Goc (14); Marsh (14).
[87] Seward (06).
[88] Robertson (02).
[89] Seward (122).
[90] Worsdell (98).
[91] Lignier (92).
[92] Nestler (95); Porsch (05); Thomas and Bancroft (13); Dušánek (13).
[93] Binney (66).
[94] Unger (50) A. p. 378.
[95] Williamson (69).
[96] Williamson (73) A.
[97] Gourlie (44).
[98] See page 186.
[99] Solms-Laubach (91) A. pp. 8, 217, 218.
[100] Solms-Laubach (91) A. pp. 8, 217, 218.
[101] Vol. ii. p. 220.
[102] Nathorst (14) Pl. vii. fig. 1.
[103] Nathorst (04) B. p. 11.
[104] Potonié (99) B. p. 171.
[105] Arber, E. A. N. (02).
[106] Williamson and Scott (95).
[107] Williamson and Scott (95) p. 720.
[108] Williamson (90) Pl. xii. fig. 6.
[109] Williamson (90) Pl. xiii. fig. 3, b.
[110] Williamson and Scott (95) Pl. xxiii. fig. 8.
[111] Ibid. p. 722.
[112] Worsdell (06) pp. 140 et seq.
[113] Lomax (02).
[114] Brenchley (13).
[115] For a description of the method, see Salisbury (13).
[116] Williamson (73) A. p. 403.
[117] Williamson (90).
[118] Vol. ii. p. 299, fig. 232.
[119] Bower (12) Pls. xxx. xxxiii.
[120] Höhlke (02).
[121] Williamson (74) Pl. li. fig. 1.
[122] Scott (09) B. fig. 139, p. 375.
[123] Brongniart (28) A. p. 199, Pl. lii. For synonymy, see Kidston (11) p. 42.
[124] Zeiller (88) A. p. 82, Pl. vi.
[125] See also Kidston (06) B, fig. 5, p. 417; Renier (102), Pls. 60, 70.
[126] Kidston (06) B.
[127] Stur (77) p. 257, Pls. xxv. xxvi.
[128] Oliver (05) fig. 6.
[129] Gothan (13) p. 40.
[130] Johnson (11).
[131] Kidston (05).
[132] Kidston (06) B.
[133] Zeiller (83) B.
[134] Gothan (13) p. 49.
[135] Chodat (08) B.
[136] Scott (08) B. p. 292.
[137] Weiss, F. E. (12).
[138] Vol. ii. p. 532.
[139] Scott (09) B. p. 400.
[140] Kidston (06) B.
[141] Benson (04) B.
[142] In his account of the ovule of Stangeria Lang (00) discusses the possibility of homologising the ovule with a sorus consisting of one sporangium.
[143] Williamson (77) B. p. 234.
[144] Oliver and Scott (03): (04).
[145] Hörich (06) p. 48.
[146] Kidston (052) B.
[147] Grand’Eury (052) B.
[148] Oliver and Scott (04) Pl. x. fig. 28; McLean (12).
[149] Williamson (76).
[150] Oliver (03) p. 462.
[151] Benson (08).
[152] McLean (12).
[153] For figure, see Lotsy (09) p. 714.
[154] Scott (11) p. 105.
[155] Chodat (08) B.
[156] Scott (03).
[157] Scott (09) B. p. 220. See also Oliver (05); Oliver and Scott (04) p. 231.
[158] Gibbs (12) p. 46.
[159] Oliver (06).
[160] Stopes(05); Prankerd (12).
[161] Sykes (10) p. 219; Thoday (Sykes, M. G.) (11) p. 1124.
[162] Shaw (08).
[163] Benson and Welsford (09) p. 633.
[164] Kershaw (09) p. 359.
[165] Benson (08).
[166] Zopf (92) Pls. i. ii.
[167] Burlingame (15).
[168] Williamson (77) B.
[169] Williamson (76) p. 160.
[170] Butterworth (97).
[171] Oliver (09) p. 74.
[172] Prankerd (12).
[173] Vol. ii. p. 364, fig. 270.
[174] Berridge (11).
[175] Lignier (132).
[176] Nathorst (14) p. 29.
[177] Arber (05).
[178] Oliver (09).
[179] Arber (14) p. 102.
[180] Vol. ii. pp. 294, 295.
[181] Vol. ii. p. 529, fig. 352.
[182] Carpentier (11) p. 3.
[183] See page 66.
[184] Kidston (14) p. 160, Pl. vii. figs. 1, 2.
[185] Ibid. p. 161, Pl. xvi. figs. 9, 10.
[186] Grand’Eury (052) B.
[187] Carpentier (11).
[188] Arber, E. A. N. (08).
[189] Nathorst (08) p. 10, Pl. ii. figs. 19–21.
[190] Stopes (14) p. 74, Pls. xvii. fig. 45, xxv. fig. 69, text-fig. 15.
[191] See page 124.
[192] Nathorst (14) p. 23, Pl. xv. fig. 43.
[193] Carpentier (13) p. 391.
[194] Williamson (76) B.
[195] Williamson (87) p. 297.
[196] Felix (86) A. p. 51.
[197] Williamson and Scott (94).
[198] Hick (95) p. 114.
[199] Stopes and Watson (08) Pl. xvii. fig. 1.
[200] Weiss, F. E. (13).
[201] Williamson and Scott (95) p. 739.
[202] White (99) B. p. 40.
[203] Felix (86) A.
[204] Zalessky (10).
[205] Kubart (14); (11).
[206] Corda (45) A. Pl. xvi.