In our species, shrubs with simple leaves and perfect flowers; calyx free from the ovary 4—5-parted, mostly persistent; corolla regular, 4—5-toothed, -lobed or -parted; stamens usually as many or twice as many as the corolla lobes; anthers 2-celled, attached to the filaments by the back or base, the sacs, often prolonged upwardly into tubes; ovary 2—5-celled; fruit a capsule, berry or drupe.

Depressed, trailing, with ascending branches with rusty hairs. Leaves broadly ovate, ½—1 inch long, serrulate, dark green and shining above, lighter beneath. Flowers pink or nearly white, campanulate, less than ¼ of an inch long, on short solitary pedicels in the axils of the leaves; fruit bright scarlet, ⅓ of an inch in diameter.

A rather rare plant in the region but abundant in places on the slopes of Avalanche Mountain at Glacier.

Tufted, creeping or depressed, smooth, the flowering branches 1—5 inches long. Leaves oval or rounded, mostly only ½ an inch long; pedicels solitary in the axils, very short, 3—5 bracteolate. Flowers depressed-campanulate, white or pinkish, little surpassing the calyx; fruit scarlet, ⅓ of an inch in diameter.

Common in alpine meadows throughout the Rockies and Selkirks; flowering in July.

Trailing or spreading on the ground; branches 6—24 inches long, the twigs soft-hairy. Leaves leathery, evergreen, spatulate, obtuse, entire, smooth or minutely hairy toward the base, ½—1 inch long, ⅓ as wide, short-petioled. Flowers ¼ of an inch or less long, ovoid, constricted at the throat, rosy pink or white, few, in short racemes at the ends of the branches.

In dry sandy or stony soil throughout the Rockies at the lower elevations; flowering in early June.

Tufted or depressed-prostrate, branches 2—5 inches high, the twigs smooth or nearly so. Leaves thin, obovate, crenulate, conspicuously reticulate-veined, ½—1 inch long, ⅓ as wide. Flowers few, appearing before or with the leaves from scaly buds; corolla ¼ of an inch long, white, ovoid, constricted at the throat; berry bright scarlet.

Growing in moss on the wooded slopes throughout the Rockies, flowering in May and early June.

Rather stout with rigid, ascending, woody, much branched stems, a foot or less high. Leaves ½ an inch long, smooth, not furrowed on the back, closely crowded in 4-ranks. Flowers pure white, nodding, campanulate, ¼ of an inch long with 5 deeply cut obtuse spreading lobes, on smooth peduncles half an inch or less long, near the tips of the apparently 4-sided stems; calyx smooth, usually red, making the bell-like flowers appear red and white.

Throughout the region at the higher elevations, frequently carpeting the ground; flowering in late June and early July.

Stems rather rigid, much branched, 3—12 inches high. Leaves numerous and crowded but spreading, linear, oblong, obtuse, ¼—½ an inch long, thick, leathery with a white line through the centre below and deeply furrowed above, the margins thick and rough. Flowers ovoid, glandular throughout, less than ¼ of an inch long, much contracted at the throat, short-lobed, on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long at the ends of the branches.

In alpine meadows and woods at the higher elevations throughout the region; flowering during June and early July, often in clumps of considerable size.

Much branched, from a more or less decumbent base, 6—12 inches high. Leaves linear, ¼—½ an inch long, obtuse, leathery, with thickened revolute, slightly glandular-toothed margins. Flowers pale pink, ¼ of an inch long, urn-shaped, slightly contracted at the throat, with 5 spreading lobes; at the ends of the branches on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long; calyx slightly glandular; corolla smooth; slightly fragrant.

Throughout the region growing in the same situations as the other heathers, and often associated with them, perhaps a hybrid; flowering in late June and through July.

Much branched from the base, 6—12 inches high. Leaves linear, obtuse, ¼—½ an inch long, with strongly revolute, thick rough margins. Flowers ¼ of an inch long, bright rose-colour, campanulate, with broad, spreading obtuse lobes, very fragrant, on slender, slightly glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long at the ends of the stems; calyx and corolla smooth.

Abundant throughout the region at the higher elevations, in the same situations as the two previous species and flowering with them during late June and early July.

A smooth shrub, 2—6 inches high with erect or ascending branches, the twigs 2-edged. Leaves opposite, short petioled, less than ½ an inch long, oblong or ovate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, the margins revolute. Flowers on slender pedicels 1—1½ inches long, few in simple umbels terminating the branches; corolla saucer-shaped, bright rosy pink about ½ an inch in diameter.

Frequent in mossy alpine bogs and meadows throughout the region at the higher altitudes; flowering during June and early July.

A shrub with stems 2—6 feet high, with slender hairy branches more or less glandular when young, nearly smooth with age. Leaves, thin, light green and shining above, paler beneath, oblong, 1—2 inches long, with slightly wavy margins. Flowers white, nearly an inch broad, open, with 5-spreading lobes; on short nodding stems in numerous clusters of 1—3 near the ends of the branches, on wood of the previous year; sepals nearly ½ an inch long and leaf-like, filaments bearded at the base; stigma peltate, 5-lobed.

On the wooded hillsides at the higher elevations through the Rockies, but much lower in the Selkirks; flowering in June and July.

A shrub 2—6 feet high, twigs more or less chaffy. Leaves obovate, obtuse and glandular-tipped at the apex, pale, glaucous and smooth or very nearly so beneath, sparingly hairy above, ¾—1½ inches long, the margins ciliolate. Flowers 1—5 on glandular pedicels ½—1 inch long in spreading umbels, becoming erect, corolla ¼ of an inch long, cream and pink or salmon, urn-shaped, with 4 spreading teeth; stamens 8, included, with hairy filaments.

Throughout the region in moist woods and slopes; flowering during June.

A shrub 1—4 feet high, with twigs densely rusty woolly. Leaves oblong, obtuse, 1—2 inches long, ¼—½ an inch wide, green and deeply veined above, densely brown woolly beneath, the margins strongly revolute. Flowers numerous, white, nearly ½ an inch broad in close umbels or corymbs; petals 5, narrow, spreading.

Abundant throughout the region at the lower altitudes in bogs and swamps; flowering during June.