313. We have learned that clauses may be independent or dependent; that dependent clauses may be used like nouns, adjectives, or adverbs; that adjective clauses may be restrictive or unrestrictive; that adverbial clauses may denote various circumstances, such as time, place, manner, etc.; that dependent clauses are introduced by some word that indicates their dependence.

Exercise 1.—Study again Lessons XVIII, XX, LXVI-LXXVIII, and then make an outline of the subject, Clauses, having for your main topics,—

(1) Classification.

(2) Introductory word.

(3) Use.

Make a good original sentence to illustrate each point.

Exercise 2.—Analyze the following sentences:—

1. Though Diana looked very old, she looked exactly the same during all the years in which I knew her; and Aunt Maria, who had known her all her life, said that she had never looked any younger.

2. The only difference between the sisters was that while Miranda only wondered how they could endure Rebecca, Jane had flashes of inspiration in which she wondered how Rebecca would endure them.

3. Whether the pigeons dropped exhausted on some ship and were helped across the ocean, or whether some storm at sea swept them away forever, no one ever knew.

4. Did mother know who brought the scarlet-runner seeds from Whittier’s birthplace?

5. I never quite understood why a girl who climbed trees, clung to the tail end of carts, and otherwise deported herself as a well-conditioned girl should not, was called a tomboy.

6. The boy remembers how his mother’s anxiety was divided between the set of his turn-over collar, the parting of his hair, and his memory of the Sunday-school verses.

7. Most people think that the best thing they can give to a caged bird is his liberty.

8. The horrible thought came coldly over me that the tiger was keeping me company until a good chance offered for a spring.

9. Possibly the reason why monkeys have been so little on the stage is that their appearance there would emphasize too strongly the striking similarity between man and monkey.

10. An elephant who will not work and is not tied up is about as manageable as an eighty-one ton gun in a heavy seaway.

11. Nothing cleverer than was Moufflou had ever walked upon four legs.

12. The truth is that boys have always been so plenty that they are not half appreciated.

13. The professor was so pleased with his witticism that I was let off without even a scolding.

14. Those Indian nations who still preserve their ancient mode of life, have dogs which bear a strong resemblance to wolves.

15. The partridge remembered the time when the chickadees had seemed such big, important creatures.

Criticize the use of between in sentence 6.