N.

NAKED Form, or Page,

is when the furniture is taken away from all sides of the form or page. See Strip a Form.

NAMES, Ancient, of Cities and Towns.

The names distinguished by an asterisk * and an obelisk † were taken from Dr. Adam Clarke’s Bibliographical Miscellany, where they form two lists. The additional names were collected by myself.

In the towns marked * printing was carried on in the fifteenth century; and Dr. A. Clarke says—“In this List, great care has been taken not to omit one place where printing was carried on prior to the year 1500.”—“In this list, because the name refers to the work executed there, the genitive case has been retained. Panzer in his list has followed the same plan. This will be of some use to the mere English scholar, as he will at once see the same form of the word in its alphabetical order in this list, which he finds in the title of his book.”

In the towns marked † printing has been established and carried on since the fifteenth century, and Dr. A. Clarke observes—“This part might have been much enlarged, but it was not judged indispensably necessary. As the most difficult names are here explained, which usually occur in the titles of books, the residue it is hoped will occasion little embarrassment to any scholar.”—“It may be necessary to observe, for the information of the less experienced reader, that in this Supplement, as the Latin name stands in reference to no printed work, the nominative case has been always used.”

* Abbatis Villæ Abbeville, France.
† Aberdonia Aberdeen, Scotland.
† Aboa Abo, capital of Swedish Finland.
† Abrincæ Avranches, an ancient town of France.
* Acqui. See Albæ.
* Æssii. See Essii.
Agathopolis Montpelier, France.
Aginum Angoulême, France.
Agneda Edinburgh, Scotland.
Agrigentum Gergenti, Sicily.
* Albæ, or Acqui A town of Montferrat, 25 miles from Genoa.
Albani Fanum   } St. Albans, Hertfordshire.
* S. Albani Villæ }
* Albiæ Albia, Italy.
* Aldenardæ Oudenarde, Flanders.
* Alosti Alost, Flanders.
* Alta villæ Eltville, near Mayence.
† Altorfia Altorf, Germany.
† Amstelodamum—Amst. Amstel. Amsterdam, Holland.
* Andegavi Angers, France.
Andreapolis—Andrea St. Andrews, Scotland.
† Aneda and Edenburgum Edinburgh, Scotland.
* Angolismi Angoulême, France.
† Anseola Ansloe or Opsloe, now Christiania, Norway.
Antitrajectus Andover, Hampshire.
* Antverpiæ—Ant. Antverp. Antwerp, Netherlands.
* Anvera, Anvers, Anverso Antwerp.
Aquæ Augustæ Bayonne, Gascony.
Aquæ calidæ Bath, Somersetshire.
Aquæ solis Bath.
Aquæ, urbs Helvetiorum Baden, Germany,
† Aquæ Sextiæ Aix, Provence, France.
* Aquilæ Aquila, Naples.
† Aquis-Granum, or Aqua-Grani Aix-la-Chapelle, Westphalia.
Ardinacha Armagh, Ireland.
* Argentinæ and Strasburg, on the Lower Rhine.
  Argentorati—Argent.
* Arimini Rimini, Italy.
Armacha Armagh, Ireland.
† Arnoldi Villa Arnheim, Guelderland.
Ascallingium Hildesheim, Germany.
* Asculi Ascoli, Italy.
Atuacutum Antwerp, Netherlands.
Aturensium civitas Aire, France.
Augusta—Aug. August. Tubingen.
* Augustæ Vindelicorum—Aug: Augsburg, Germany.
  Vind: August: Vindel:
Augusta Rauracorum Aust, near Basil.
Augusta Tiberii Ratisbon, Germany.
Augusta Trinobantum London.
† Augustodunum Autun, France.
Aureatum Eichstadt.
* Aureliani, or Gabani Orleans, France.
Autricum Chartres, France.
* Avenione Avignon, France.
Axa Axminster, Devonshire.
Axelodunum Hexham, Northumberland.
* Babenberge and Bambergæ Bamberg, Bohemia.
Bada Baden, Switzerland.
Badiza Bath, Somersetshire.
Bajocæ, Bajocassina Baieux, Normandy.
Baiona Bayonne, Gascony.
* Bambergæ and Babenberge Bamberg, Bohemia.
* Barchinone and Barcilone Barcelona, Spain.
* Barci Barco, in the province of Breschia.
* Barcilone and Barchinone Barcelona, Spain.
* Basilæ—Bas: Basil Basil or Bâle, Switzerland.
Bathonia Bath, Somersetshire.
Bennopolis Hildesheim, Westphalia.
* Bergomi Bergamo, Italy.
† Berolininum—Berol: Berlin, Prussia.
* Beronæ, and Beronis Villæ Beraun or Beraum, Bohemia.
Biponti Zweybrucken.
† Bipontium Deux Ponts, Germany.
* Bisuntii Besançon, France.
† Biterræ Beziers, France.
† Biturgiæ Bourges, France.
Bononiæ—Bonon: Bologna, Italy.
Brangonia Worcester.
† Bravum Burgi Burgos, Spain.
Briganti York.
* Brixiæ Bresse or Breschia, Italy.
Brixiæ Brussels, Flanders.
* Brugis Bruges, Flanders.
Brundunum Braunaw.
* Brunnæ Brinn or Brunn, Moravia.
† Brunopolis Brunswick, Lower Saxony.
Brunsvicum Brunswick, Germany.
Brunsvigæ Brunswick.
* Bruxellis Bruxells or Brussels, France.
  [Now belonging to Belgium.]
* Budæ Buda, or Offen, Lower Hungary.
† Burdigala Bourdeaux, France.
* Burgdorffii Burgdorf, Switzerland, also a town of Lower Saxony.
* Burgis (Bravum Burgi) Burgos, Spain.
* Buscoducis Bois-le-Duc, Brabant
† Cabelium Chablies, France
Cadomi Caen, France.
Caerlud London.
* Cæsar Augustæ Saragossa, Spain.
† Cæsarodunum Tours, France.
Caesarverus Salisbury, Wiltshire.
Calaris Cagliari, Sardinia.
Caletum Calais, France.
* Callii Cagli, Italy.
* Camberiaci. See Chamberii.
Camboricum Cambridge.
Camelodunum Doncaster, Yorkshire.
Cameracum Cambray, Netherlands.
Camulodunum Colchester, Essex.
Canonium Chelmsford, Essex.
Cantabrigiæ—Cantab: Cambridge.
Cantuaria Canterbury, Kent.
* Capuæ Capua, Naples.
* Carmagnolæ Carmagniola, Piedmont.
Carodunum Cracow, Poland.
* Carpen. or Carpentorati Carpentras, France.
* Cassale Majori Cassale Maggiore, Milan.
* Cassale Sancti Euaxii Casal of S. Evaxius, Montferrat.
* Cassellæ and Cassellis Cassel, Italy, near Turin.
Cassilia Cashel, Ireland.
Castellum Aquarum Baden, Switzerland.
Castellum Cattorum Cassel, Germany.
† Castellum Nozanum Nizza, Italy, near Lucca.
Castra Alata Edinburgh, Scotland.
Castra Constantia Constance, Switzerland.
Castra Ulpia Cleve, Germany,
† Cecerræ Cervera, Catalonia, Spain.
Cella Zell, Germany.
Celurca Montross, Scotland.
* Chablitz Chablies, France.
* Chamberii Chambery, France.
† Chilonium Kiel, Lower Saxony.
Chrysopolis. See Bisuntii.
Cibinii Hermanstadt, Transylvania.
Cicestria Chichester, Sussex.
Circestria Cirencester, Gloucestershire.
Civitas Chester and Caerleon.
* Civitas Austriæ Not Vienna in Austria, but a city of Friul in the state of Venice.
Claudia. Claudia castra Gloucester.
Clavasii Chivas or Chivasio and Chivazzio, Piedmont.
Clivia Cleve, Germany.
Clocheria Clogher, Ireland.
Cluanum Kiloon, Ireland.
Cluniaci Cluni, France.
* Coburgi and Koburgi Coburg, Germany.
* Codaniæ. See Hafniæ.
Colippo St. Sebastian, Portugal.
* Colle or Collis Colle, Tuscany.
Colonia Agrippina.—Col: Ag: Colon: Agrip: Cologne, Germany.
Colonia Allobrogum—Col: Allob: Geneva, Switzerland.
Colonia Augusta London.
* Coloniæ—Colon: Cologne, Germany.
† Colonia Julia Romana, and Colonia Romulensis Seville, Spain.
* Comi Como, Italy.
Complutum Alcala, New Castile, Spain.
Condercum Chester-le-Street, Durham.
† Condivincum-Nannetum Nantes, France.
† Confluentes, or Confluentia Coblentz, France.
† Conimbrica Coimbra, Portugal.
* Constantiæ Constance, Germany.
* Constantinopoli Constantinople, Turkey.
Conventria Coventry, Warwickshire.
Coroagia Cork, Ireland.
† Cortona A town of Tuscany.
* Cracoviæ Cracow, Poland.
† Crema Capital of Cremasco, Italy.
* Cremonæ Cremona, Italy.
Crisopolis Parma, Italy.
Croca Cracow, Poland.
* Monaster. S. Cucufatis Monastery of St. Cucufat, near Barcelona.
* Culemburgi Culemburg, Dutch Guelderland.
* Cusentiæ Cosenza, or Cosence, Naples, capital of Calabria.
† Cusurgis Prague, capital of Bohemia.
† Cygnea Zuickaw, or Zwickau, Upper Saxony.
Dantisci Dantzick.
* Daventriæ Deventer, capital of Overyssel.
* Delphis Delft, Holland.
† Derpatum, or Torpatum Derp, Russia.
† Dertosa Tortosa, Spain.
Deunana Doncaster, Yorkshire.
† Dillingia Dillengen, Swabia.
Divione Dijon, France.
Divisæ Devizes, Wiltshire.
† Divona Cadurci Cahors, France.
† Dola apud Sequanos Dole, France.
* Dolæ Dole, France.
* Domus fratrum Communis Vitæ Vallis Sanctæ Mariæ. A society of monks in the diocese of Rheingau, near Mentz, Germany.
Dorcestria Dorchester, Oxfordshire.
Dorobernia Canterbury, Kent.
Dorsetia Dorchester, Oxfordshire.
Dresa Dresden, Saxony.
† Duacum Douay, France.
† Dublinum Dublin, Ireland.
† Duisburgum, or Teutoburgum Duisburg, Westphalia.
Dumnoriorum Exeter, Devonshire.
Dunelmum Durham.
Dunum Down, Ireland.
Durnium Dorchester, Oxfordshire.
Durobrovæ Rochester, Kent.
Durobrus Rochester, Kent.
Durocornovium Cirencester, Gloucestershire.
† Durocorturum Reims, or Rheims, France.
Eblana Dublin, Ireland.
† Ebora Evora, Portugal.
Eboracum—Ebor: York.
† Edinburgum. See Aneda.
* Eistetæ. See Eustadiæ.
† Elbenga Elbing, Western Prussia.
† Elna Perpignan, France.
* Eltwilæ. See Alta Villæ.
Elwa St. Asaph, N. Wales.
† Embricum, or Embrica Emmeric, Duchy of Cleves, Germany.
* Engaddi, or Engebal A place in Switzerland.
† Engolismum Angoulême, France.
* Erfordiæ Erfurt, Upper Saxony.
† Erfurtum Erfurt, Upper Saxony.
* Ergoviæ. Same as Beronis Villæ.
* Essii, Æssii, and Œxii Jesi, in Ancona, Italy.
Esslingæ Eslingen, Suabia, Wirtemberg.
* Eustadii, or Eistetæ Neustadt, Germany.
† Exonia—Exon: Exeter, Devonshire.
Falmutum Falmouth, Cornwall.
† Faventia Faenza, or Fayence, Italy.
* Ferrariæ Ferrara, Italy.
Fiorenza—Fior: Florence, Italy.
† Firmium, or Firmum Picenum Ferma, Italy.
* Fivizani A town in Italy.
Flavisbriga Bilboa, Spain.
* Florentiæ—Florent: Florence, Italy.
† Fontanetum Comitis Fontenai-le-Comte, France.
* Forilivii. The ancient Forum Livii Forli, Italy.
† Forum Cornelii Imola, Italy.
† Franco-Furtum-ad-Mœnum Franckfort on the Maine, Germany.
† Franco-Furtum-ad-Oderam Franckfort on the Oder, Germany.
† Franequera Franeker, Friesland.
† Fransiscopolis Havre-de-Grace, France.
* Friburgi Friburg, Swabia.
* Frisingæ Freysingen, Bavaria.
* Friuli. Anciently Forojulium and Forojuliensis Civitas Capital of the Frioul.
* Fulginei Foligni, Italy.
Gabani. See Aureliani.
Gades Cadiz, Spain.
* Gaiettæ Gaeta, Naples.
Galliva Galway, Ireland.
* Gandavi Gand or Ghent, Flanders.
† Gandia A sea-port, Valentia, Spain.
Gaunodurum Constantia, Switzerland.
Gavanodurum Saltzburg, Germany.
Gedani Dantzick.
Genabus Orleans, France.
* Genennæ and Genevæ Geneva.
* Genuæ Genoa, Italy.
† Gerunda Gironna, Spain.
* Giennii Gien, France.
† Giessa Giesen, Germany.
Glasconia Glastonbury, Somersetshire.
† Glascua Glasgow, Scotland.
Glasguæ—Glasg: Glasgow, Scotland.
* Gondæ, or Goudæ Turgow, Holland.
† Gotha A town of Upper Saxony.
† Gottinga and Tullifurdum Gottingen, Lower Saxony.
Gottingue Gottenburgh, Sweden.
Gracchopolis Cracow, Poland.
* Grudisca A town in the county of Goritz, Germany.
† Graiacum Gratz, Germany.
* Granatæ Granada, Spain.
Gratiæ portus Havre-de-Grace, France.
* Gratianopolis Grenoble, France.
† Gravionarium Bamberg, Bohemia.
Grenovicus Greenwich, Kent.
† Gripswaldia Gripswald, Swedish Pomerania.
† Groninga Groningen, United Provinces.
* Hafniæ and Codaniæ Copenhagen, Denmark.
Haga Comitis—H. Com: The Hague.
* Hagenoæ Haguenau, France.
* Halæ Halle, Saxony.
† Hala Magdeburgica, or Harderwick, Holland.
† Hala Saxonum
* Hamburgii Hamburg, a free imperial city of Lower Saxony, in the duchy of Holstein.
Hannonia Hainault, Low Countries.
* Hanoviæ Probably the same with Hagenoæ.
* Harlemi Harlem, Holland.
* Hasselti Hasselt, Liege, Germany.
Hegetmatia Lignitz, Germany.
Heideba Sleswick, Denmark.
* Heidelbergæ Heidelberg, Germany.
Helenopolis Franckfort upon the Main.
† Helmestadium Helmestadt, Brunswick, Germany.
* Herbipoli Wurtzburg, Franconia, Germany.
† Herbona Herborn, Germany.
Hermannopolis Hermanstadt, Transylvania.
Hildesia Hildesheim, Saxony.
* Hispali Seville, Spain.
* Holmiæ Stockholm, Sweden.
Hypræ Ypres, Flanders.
Ichborough Thetford, Norfolk.
Iciani Thetford, Norfolk.
* Ilardæ Lerida, Catalonia, Spain.
* Ingolstadii Ingolstadt, Bavaria.
* Inspruc A town of Germany, in the Tyrol.
Insulæ Lisle, Flanders.
† Isca Damnoniorum Exeter, Devonshire.
Ischalis Ilchester. Somersetshire.
Isurium Aldborough, Yorkshire, or Boroughbridge, Yorkshire.
* Januæ. See Genuæ.
† Jena A strong town of Upper Saxony, in Thuringia.
 
Kilchennia Kilkenny, Ireland.
Kiobenhaffn Copenhagen, Denmark.  
* Koburgi. See Coburgi.
* Kuttenbergæ Kuttenberg, Bohemia.
Lagecium Castleford, Yorkshire.
Landava Landaff, Wales.
* Lantenaci and Landenaci Loudeac, France.
* Lantriguieri Treguier, France.
* Laugingæ Laugingen, Swabia.
* Leeuwe A fortified town of Austrian Brabant.
Legecestria Leicester.
* Leidæ Leyden.
* Leiriæ Leiria, or Leria, Portugal.
Lemgoviæ Limoges? France.
* Castr. Lemovicensi Limoges, France.
Leodium Liege, Netherlands.
Leovardiæ Leuwarden, West Frieseland.
* Leridæ. See Ilardæ.
Lesua Lewes, Sussex.
Leucorea Wittenberg, Saxony.
Leuphana Hanover.
* Licii Lecce, Naples, in Otranto.
* Lignicii Lignitz, Silesia.
Limonum Poictiers, France.
* Lipsiæ—Lips: Leipsic, Saxony.
Liserpalus Liverpool, Lancashire.
Litha Leith, Scotland.
* Lodeaci. See Lantenaci.
* Londini London.
Londonia London.
Longovicum Lanchester, Northumberland.
* Lovanii Louvain, Brabant.
* Lubecæ Lubec, Holstein, Lower Saxony.
Lucæ Lucca, Italy.
* Lugduni Lyons, France.
† Lugdunum Batavorum—L. Bat:—Lugd: Bat:—Lugdun: Batav: Leyden, Holland.
Lugubalia Carlisle, Cumberland.
Luguvallum Carlisle, Cumberland.
† Lundinum Scanorum Lunden, Holstein, Lower Saxony.
* Luneburgi Lunenburg, Lower Saxony.
Lupfurdum Leipsic, Germany,
† Lutetia—Lutet: Paris. See Parisiis.
Lutetiæ Parisior:—Lutet: Par: Paris.
† Macerata A town in the marquisate of Ancona, Italy.
Machlinia Meckelen, Dutch Brabant.
Malines, French Brabant.
* Madriti Madrid.
Madus Maidstone, Kent.
* Magdeburgi Magdeburg, Germany.
Magontia Mentz, or Mayence, Germany.
Magontiacum
Mancunium Manchester, Lancashire.
† Manhemium Manheim, palatinate of the Rhine, Germany.
† Mantua Carpetanorum Madrid. See Madriti.
* Mantuæ Mantua, Italy.
Marchenium Roxburgh, Scotland.
Marionis Lunenburg, Germany.
Marionis Lubeck, Pomerland.
† Marpurgum Marpurg, Hesse-Cassel, Germany.
* Marsipoli Merseburg, Saxony.
Martinopolis Tours, France.
† Massilia Marseilles, France.
* Mediolani—Mediol: Milan, Italy.
* Memmingæ Meminingen, Swabia.
* Messanæ Messina, Sicily.
† Metæ Metz, France.
Metelli castrum Middleburg, Zealand.
Metelloburgus Middleburg, Zealand.
* Moguntiæ—Mogunt: Mayence or Mentz, Germany.
* Monachii Munich, Bavaria.
Monacum Munich, Bavaria.
* Monasterii Munster, Westphalia.
* Monast. Montis Serrati Mount Serrat. A very high mountain in Spain, on which is an ancient monastery, dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
† Mons Albanus Montauban, France.
Mons Badonicus Bath, Somersetshire.
Mons Dolorosus Stirling, Scotland.
† Mons-Monachorum A place near Bamberg, Bohemia.
† Mons-Pessulanus Montpellier, France.
† Mons Regalis Mont Real or Mont Royal, Sicily.
† Mons-Regius, or Regiomons Königsberg, Prussia.
Mons Rosarum Montross, Scotland.
Mons Solis Bath, Somersetshire.
Monstrolium Montreuil, France.
† Moscua Moscow, Russia.
* Monteregali Mondovi, Piedmont.
Montes Mons, Low Countries.
* Murciæ Murcia, Spain.
† Mussipontum Pont-à-Mousson, France.
* Mutinæ Modena, Italy.
† Nanceium Nancy, France.
* Nannetibus Nantz or Nantes, France.
* Neapoli Naples, Italy.
† Nemausus Nismes, France.
Neoportus Newport, Isle of Wight.
Nerobergæ Nuremberg, Germany.
† Nidrosia Drontheim, Norway.
* Nonantulæ Nonente? a small town in the duchy of Modena, Italy.
Nordovicum Norwich, Norfolk.
Noribergæ—Norib: Nuremberg, Germany.
Norica Nuremberg, Germany.
Noricorum Nuremberg, Germany.
* Norimbergæ—Norimb: Nuremberg, Franconia, Germany.
Norvicum Norwich, Norfolk.
* Novæ Pilznæ Pilsen, Bohemia.
Novamœnia Weisenburg.
* Noviomagii Nimeguen, Dutch Guelderland.
* Novis Novi, Genoa, Italy.
Novum Castrum Newcastle-upon-Tine.
* Nozani Nizza, Lucca, Italy.
Oenipons Inspruck, Tyrol.
* Offenburgi Offenburg, Swabia.
* Olomuci Olmutz, Moravia.
† Olysippo, or Ulisippo Lisbon. See Ulyssipone.
† Onate, or Ognatæ In Spain.
* Oppenheimii Oppenheim, Palatinate of the Rhine, Germany.
* Ortonnæ Ortona del Mare, Sicily.
† Ovietum Oviedo, Spain.
* Oxonii—Oxon: Oxford.
† Paderborna Paderborn, Westphalia.
Padova Padua, Italy.
* Palentiæ, or Palencia A town of Spain, in Leon.
† Palum Pau, France.
* Pampelunæ and Pompeiopoli Pampeluna, Spain.
* Panormi Palermo, Sicily.
* Papiæ and Ticini Pavia, Italy.
* Parisiis Paris.
* Parmæ Parma, Italy.
Parthenopolis Magdeburg.
Pastovia Padstow, Cornwall.
* Pataviæ vel Passavii Passau, Bavaria.
* Patavii Padua, Italy.
Pax Augusta Badajos, Spain.
Pembrochia Pembroke, Wales.
Pendenium Pendennis, Cornwall.
* Perpiniani Perpignan, France.
* Perusiæ Perausa, Italy.
Pessulanus Montpellier, France.
Pestini Pest.
† Petropolis St. Petersburg, Russia.
Pettuaria Beverley, Yorkshire.
Phabiranum Bremen, Westphalia.
* Pheibiæ. See Plebisacii.
Pheugarum Halberstadt, Lower Saxony.
Philyre Lindaw, Germany.
* Phorcæ
Piacenza Placentia, Italy.
* Pictavii Poitiers, France.
* Pinarolii Pignerol, Piedmont.
Pintia Vaccæorum Valladolid, Spain.
* Pisæ Pisa, Tuscany, Italy.
* Pisauri Pesaro, Italy.
* Pisciæ Pescia, Tuscany, Italy.
* Placentiæ Placentia or Placenza, Italy.
* Plebisacii and Pheibiæ Piobe de Sacco, Italy.
* Polliano A town of Italy, in the Veronese.
† Pollianum Rus. See Polliano.
Pompeiopoli. See Pampelunæ.
† Pompelon. See Pampelunæ.
† Pons Oeni Inspruck, Tyrol, Germany.
* Portesii Portici, a village near Naples; or Portenza, a town of ditto.
Portus magnus Portsmouth.
Posonium Presburgh, Germany.
Povisia Powis, Wales.
Præsidium Warwick.
Prætoria Augusta Cronstadt
* Pragæ Prague, Bohemia.
Probatopolis Schaffhausen, Switzerland.
* Promentour
* Provini Provins, France.
Quercetum Quesnoy, Low Countries.
Quintinopolis S. Quintin, Picardy.
† Quitoa Quito, Peru, South America.
 
* Ratisbonæ Ratisbon, Bavaria.
† Redones, or Condate Rennes, France.
* Reenen Reinen, Venetian territory.
* Regii Reggio, Italy.
† Regiomons. See Mons Regius.
† Regium Lepidi. See Regii.
† Remi Reims, or Rheims, France.
* Reutlingæ Reutlingen, Swabia, Wirtemberg.
* Rhedonibus Rennes, France.
Rhodopolis Rostock, Lower Saxony.
* Romæ Rome.
Rosarum urbs Rostock, Lower Saxony.
* Rostochii Rostock, Mecklenberg, Lower Saxony.
† Roterodamum Rotterdam, Holland.
* Rothomagi Rouen, France.
† Rubens Mons A Priory of the order of Clugny.
† Rupella Rochelle, France.
† Rutheni Rodez, France.
† Sæna Sienna, Tuscany. See Senia.
† Sætobris Setuval or Setubal, St. Ubes, Portugal.
† Salernum Salerno, Naples.
† Salinæ Salins, France.
† Salisburgum Saltzburg, Bavaria.
* Salmanticæ Salamanca, Leon, Spain.
† Sanctus Ursius. See Ursius Sanctus.
Sandvicus Sandwich, Kent.
Santonum portus Rochelle, France.
Sarisberia Salisbury, Wiltshire.
* Savilliani Savigliano, Piedmont.
* Savonæ Savona, Genoa, Italy.
* Scandiani Scandiano, Italy.
* Schedami Schiedam, Holland.
* Schœnhoven Schoonhoven, Holland.
* Segobricæ Segorbe, Spain.
† Segodunum. See Rutheni.
† Segontia Siguenza, New Castile, Spain.
* Senis Sens?, France.
Sestiæ Aix, Provence.
Severia Salisbury, Wiltshire.
* Sleswici Sleswick, Denmark.
* Soncini Soncino, in the Cremonese, Italy.
* Soræ, vel Soriæ Whether Sora a town of Naples, or Soria, a town of Spain, in Old Castile, is not known.
Sorbiodunum and Sorviodunum Salisbury, Wiltshire.
Monast. Sortem A monastery of the Præmonstrants, in Suevia, in Germany.
* Spiræ Spire, Germany.
Stereontium Cassel, Germany.
† Stockholmia and Holmia Stockholm, Sweden.
† Subiacus Sublac, or Subbiaco, a monastery in the Campagna di Roma.
Sundis Straelsund, Pomerania.
† Taraco Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
Taradunum Friburg, Germany.
* Tarrazonæ Tarazona, Arragon, Spain.
* Tarvisii Treviso, Italy.
* Taurini Turin, Sardinia.
Tava Tinmouth, Devonshire.
† Telo Martius Toulon, France.
Tergestum Trieste, Istria.
Theoci curia Tewksbury, Gloucestershire.
Theonis villa Thionville, Luxemburg.
Theodorodunum and Theorodunum Wells, Somersetshire.
* Thessalonicæ Salonichi, the ancient Thessalonica, Macedonia.
† Ticinum. See Papiæ.
† Tigernum Thiers, France.
† Tigurum and Tigurinus Pagus Zuric, Switzerland.
Tileburgum Tilbury, on the Thames.
* Toleti Toledo, New Castile, Spain.
† Tolosa-Palladia-Tectosagum Toulouse, France. It was not at this town, but a small town of Biscaye, that the editions printed in the fifteenth century with the imprint Tolosæ were executed.
Tornatum Tournay, Netherlands.
* Trajecti. See Ultrajecti.
Trajecti ad Oderam Frankfort upon the Oder.
Trajecti ad Rhenum—Traj: ad Rhen: Utrecht, Holland.
Trajecti Batavorum—Traj: Bat: Utrecht, Holland.
† Trajectum ad Mosam Maestricht, Netherlands.
* Trecis Troyes, France.
† Tranquebaria Tranquebar, coast of Coromandel, Hindostan.
Trento Trent.
Treveri Treves, Germany.
† Trevi apud Ancones. See Trevii.
* Trevii Trevi, Umbria, Italy.
* Tridenti Trent, Germany.
Tripontium Towcester, Northamptonshire.
Tuberum Rotenberg, Germany.
* Tubingæ Tubingen, Swabia, Wirtemberg.
Tuesis Berwick-upon-Tweed.
Tulifurgium Brunswick, Germany.
* Turonis Tours, France.
* Tusculani Lacus Benaci Tusculanum, Lombardy. [? Tusculum, now Frescati.]
Tybur. Tyburis Tivoli, Italy.
* Tzennæ. See Zinnæ.
† Ulisippo. See Ulyssipone.
* Ulmæ Ulm, Swabia.
* Ultrajecti—Ult: Ultraj: Utrecht, United Provinces.
* Ulyssipone Lisbon, Portugal.
† Upsale In Upland, Sweden.
Uratislavia Breslaw, Silesia.
* Urbini Urbino, Italy.
Uriconium Worcester.
† Ursius Sanctus A place near Vicenza.
† Urso Ossuna, Andalusia, Spain.
Utini Udino, Venetian Friuli, Italy.
Utricesium Utrecht, Holland.
 
Vagniacum Maidstone, Kent.
† Valentia Valence, France.
* Valentiæ Valentia, Spain.
Valentianæ. Valentinianæ Valenciennes.
* Vallisoleti Valladolid, Old Castile, Spain.
† Varsovia Warsaw, Poland.
Vellocases Baieux.
Venantodunum Huntington.
† Venetia. See Venetiis.
* Venetiis Venice, Italy.
Venta Belgarum Winchester, Hampshire.
* Vercellis Vercelli, Piedmont.
Veredunum. Verodunum Verdun, Lorraine.
* Veronæ Verona, Italy.
Verovicum Warwick.
Versaliæ Versailles, France.
† Vesontio Besançon, France. See Bisuntii.
* Vicentiæ Vicence, Italy.
* Viennæ Austriæ Vienna or Wien, the metropolis of Austria.
* Viennæ in Delphinatu Vienne, Dauphiny.
Viennæ Pannoniæ Vienna, Austria.
† Vigornia Worcester.
Villa Faustini St Edmond’s Bury.
† Villafranca Villefranche, France.
† Vilna Wilna, Lithuania, Poland.
Vindinum Cenomanum or Subdinum, Mans, the capital of La Sarthe.
† Vindobona—Vindob: Vienna, Austria.
Vindobonensis—Vindob: Vienna, Austria.
Vindocinum Vendosme, France.
Vindogladia Winburn, Dorsetshire.
Vinegia—Vin: Vineg: Venice, Italy.
* Viqueriæ Viqueria, probably some town in Italy. Some think that Voghera, in the duchy of Milan, is meant.
† Virmaranum Guimaraens, Portugal.
* Viterbii Viterbo, Italy.
† Vittemberga, or Vittebarea Wittemberg, Germany.
Voliba Falmouth, Cornwall.
† Vratislavia Breslaw, Silesia, Germany.
Warovie. Warsavia Warsaw, Poland.
Warwicus Warwick.
Wellæ Wells, Somersetshire.
* Westmonasterii—Westmonast: Westminster.
Wigornia Worcester.
Windesora Windsor, Berkshire.
Winterbergæ Winterberg, Bohemia.
Wintonia—Winton: Winchester, Hampshire.
Wittenbergæ Wittenberg, Saxony.
Wormacia Worms, Germany.
 
* Xericæ “Yerica.Oppid. nobili in regno Valentino. Panzer. (Serigo?) I know nothing more of this place.”—Dr. A. Clarke.
 
* Zamoræ Zamora, Leon, Spain.
† Zamoscium Zamoski, a strong town of Poland, in Red Russia, now the Austrian kingdom of Lodomeria.
* Zinnæ or Tzennæ A monastery belonging to the order of Cistercian monks in Saxony.
† Zuvolla. See Zwollis.
* Zwollis Zwoll, Overyssel, United Provinces.

NARROW.

The technical name of a piece of furniture equal in width to a narrow quotation.

NATURAL HISTORY.

Explanation of some Terms used in Natural History.

Aculeated. Sharpened.
Amphibious. Capable of living by land or water.
Animalcules. Small animals, generally invisible without the assistance of the microscope.
Annulated. Marked with rings.
Antlers. Horns overhanging the brows.
Aquatic. Living or growing in the water.
Bifid. Divided into two parts, or cleft.
Bimaculated. With two spots, or two series of spots.
Bivalve. With two shells or openings.
Callosity. A hard lump, an excrescence.
Canine. Belonging to the dog kind.
Carinated. In the shape of a keel.
Carnivorous. Feeding on flesh.
Cartilaginous. Furnished with cartilages.
Cere. A skin over the bill of birds; sometimes movable, as in parrots.
Cetaceous. Of the whale kind.
Cinereous. Of the colour of ashes.
Columbine. Belonging to the dove kind.
Cordiform. Heart-shaped.
Crustaceous. Covered with a crust; as lobsters, &c.
Digitated. Having the feet divided into parts, like toes or fingers, as in dogs.
Dorsal. Belonging to the back.
Exsanguineous. Without blood, as worms.
Entomology. A description of insects.
Feline. Belonging to the cat kind.
Ferruginous. Of an iron or rust colour.
Frugivorous. Feeding on seeds.
Furcated. Forked.
Gallinaceous. Belonging to the hen kind.
Gestation. The time of going with young.
Granivorous. Feeding on grain.
Gregarious. Associating together.
Herbivorous. Feeding on grass.
Ichthyology. A description of fishes.
Imbricated. Tiled or plated over each other.
Incubation. The act of a bird sitting on her eggs.
Insectivorous. Feeding on insects.
Lateral. Belonging to the side, placed sideways.
Migratory. Coming and going at certain seasons.
Multivalve. With many shells or openings.
Nascent. Very young, growing.
Nictitating. Winking; applied to a membrane with which birds cover their eyes at pleasure.
Obfuscated. Of a darkish colour.
Olfactory. Relating to smell.
Ornithology. A description of birds.
Oviparous. Laying eggs.
Parturition. The act of bringing forth young.
Passerine. Belonging to the sparrow kind.
Patulous. Open, wide.
Pectoral. Belonging to the breast.
Pendulous. Hanging.
Piscivorous. Feeding on fishes.
Predaceous. Formed to pursue prey.
Quadrifid. Divided into four parts.
Ruminating. Chewing the cud.
Scabrous. Rough.
Scapulars. Shoulders.
Semilunar. In the form of a half-moon.
Setaceous. Hairy.
Subulated. Formed like an awl.
Testaceous. Covered with a shell; as oysters, &c.
Trifurcated. Three-forked.
Truncated. Appearing as if cut off.
Umbrageous. Spreading.
Univalve. With one shell or opening.
Ventral. Belonging to the belly.
Viviparous. Bringing forth the young alive.
Webbed. Connected with a membrane, as the claws of aquatic birds.
Zoologists. Writers on animated nature.
Zoology. The history of animated nature.
Zoophite. An animal plant, or sensitive vegetable.