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Title: A History of the Inquisition of Spain; vol. 2

Author: Henry Charles Lea

Release date: October 21, 2013 [eBook #43990]
Most recently updated: October 23, 2024

Language: English

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION OF SPAIN; VOL. 2 ***

Every attempt has been made to replicate the original book as printed. Some typographical errors have been corrected. A list follows the text.
(etext transcriber's note)

THE INQUISITION OF SPAIN

WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR

A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION OF THE MIDDLE AGES. In three volumes, octavo.

A HISTORY OF AURICULAR CONFESSION AND INDULGENCES IN THE LATIN CHURCH. In three volumes, octavo.

AN HISTORICAL SKETCH OF SACERDOTAL CELIBACY IN THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. Third edition. (In preparation.)

A FORMULARY OF THE PAPAL PENITENTIARY IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. One volume, octavo. (Out of print.)

SUPERSTITION AND FORCE. Essays on The Wager of Law, The Wager of Battle, The Ordeal, Torture. Fourth edition, revised. In one volume, 12mo.

STUDIES IN CHURCH HISTORY. The Rise of the Temporal Power, Benefit of Clergy, Excommunication, The Early Church and Slavery. Second edition. In one volume, 12mo.

CHAPTERS FROM THE RELIGIOUS HISTORY OF SPAIN, CONNECTED WITH THE INQUISITION. Censorship of the Press, Mystics and Illuminati, Endemoniadas, El Santo Niño de la Guardia, Brianda de Bardaxí.

THE MORISCOS OF SPAIN. THEIR CONVERSION AND EXPULSION. In one volume, 12mo.

A HISTORY
OF THE
INQUISITION OF SPAIN

BY
HENRY CHARLES LEA. LL.D.

———
IN FOUR VOLUMES
———

VOLUME II.

———

New York
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd. 1922
All rights reserved

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Copyright, 1906,
By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY.
——
Set up and electrotyped. Published January, 1906.

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

BOOK III—JURISDICTION.
Chapter I—Heresy.
	PAGE
Importance attached to Unity of Belief	1
Popular Abhorrence of Heresy	2
Limitations of Inquisitorial Jurisdiction	3
Classification of Heresy—Heresy both a sin and a crime	4
Original Episcopal Jurisdiction	5
The Inquisition obtains exclusive Jurisdiction	6
Episcopal Concurrence—It is merely formal	11
Jurisdiction over the Forum of Conscience	10
The Question of Papal Indulgences	24
Extension of Exclusive Jurisdiction	26
Chapter II—The Regular Orders.
The Regular Clergy claim exemption from the Inquisition	29
Fluctuations of the Struggle—the Inquisition triumphs	31
Resistance of the Jesuits—their Defeat	33
Jurisdiction assumed in Quarrels between the Orders	37
Chapter III—Bishops.
Torquemada vainly seeks Jurisdiction over Bishops	41
Cases of Dávila of Segovia and Aranda of Calahorra	42
Case of Acuña of Zamora	45
Jurisdiction conferred personally on Inquisitor-general Manrique	44
Case of Archbishop Carranza of Toledo	45
Inquisitor-general Valdés falls into disfavor	46
Seeks to re-establish himself by prosecuting Carranza	48
Carranza’s Orthodoxy—Melchor Cano	49
Carranza’s Commentaries on the Catechism	54
Royal and Papal Assent obtained for the Prosecution	56
Carranza’s Arrest and Incarceration, Aug. 22, 1559	65
He recuses Valdés and two other Judges	69
Procrastination—Trial begins July 30, 1561	71
Continued Delays—Intervention of Council of Trent in 1563	73
Fruitless Efforts of Pius IV to expedite the trial	75
Pius V evokes the Case to Rome	77
Carranza reaches Rome May 28, 1567—Trial recommenced	79
Gregory XIII recommences the Trial in 1572	81
Sentence rendered April 24, 1576	82
Carranza’s Death, May 2d—Estimates of him	84
Jurisdiction claimed over Bishops	87
Cases of Toro of Oviedo and Queipo of Mechoacan	88
Chapter IV—The Edict of Faith.
Its Effectiveness in stimulating Denunciations	91
Its comprehensive Details	93
Its Anathema	95
Popular Training in Delation	99
Chapter V—Appeals to Rome.
Supremacy of Papal Jurisdiction	103
Conversos purchase Letters of Pardon from the Holy See	104
Ferdinand and the Inquisition disregard them	105
Papal Pardons claimed to be good in the Judicial Forum	107
Struggle between Spain and Rome—Pardons sold and revoked	108
Citation to Rome of Inquisitorial Officials	118
Tergiversations of the Curia	120
Charles V carries on the Struggle	123
He obtains exclusive Appellate Jurisdiction for the Inquisitor-general	126
But the Curia still entertains Appeals	128
Friction continued under Philip II and Philip III	129
Philip IV enforces surrender of papal letters	132
Case of Gerónimo de Villanueva	133
His connection with the Convent of San Placido	134
He obtains an Acquittal from the Inquisition in 1632	136
Arce y Reynoso reopens the Case in 1643	138
Villanueva’s Sentence—His Appeal to Rome entertained	143
Persistent Resistance of Philip IV	146
Copies of the Papers sent to Rome in 1651	154
Efforts to have them returned continued until 1660	157
Appeals to Rome forbidden under the Bourbons	159
BOOK IV—ORGANIZATION.
Chapter I—The Inquisitor-General and Supreme Council.
Commissions of Officials expire with the Inquisitor-general	161
Suprema at first merely a Consultative Body	162
Rapid Increase of its Functions	164
It becomes the ruling Power	167
Its struggle with Inquisitor-general Mendoza in the Case of Froilan Diaz	169
Mendoza removes the opposing Members	174
Philip V. decides in favor of the Suprema and of Froilan Diaz	177
The Suprema reduces the Tribunals to Subordination	179
It gradually intervenes in Sentences and Trials	181
It requires monthly Reports of current Business	183
Centralization becomes complete—The Tribunals are merely ministerial	185
Appellate Jurisdiction of Inquisitor-general and Suprema	187
Control over all Details of the Tribunals	189
Control over the Finances	190
Salaries and Perquisites of the Suprema	194
Its Enjoyment of Bull-fights	198
Its Revenues and Expenses	200
Chapter II—The Tribunal.
Gradual Delimitation into Districts	205
Organization of the Tribunal—Multiplication of Officials	208
Vain efforts to restrict the Number	211
Sale of Offices	212
Census of Officials in 1746	216
Hereditary Transmission of Office	218
Tenderness shown to official Malfeasance and its Results	223
Visitations or Inspections of the Tribunals	227
The Palace or Building of the Tribunal	230
The Personnel of the Tribunal—The Assessor	232
The Inquisitors—Their Qualifications	233
Their Duty of visiting their Districts	238
The Promotor Fiscal or Prosecutor	241
The Notaries or Secretaries	243
The Alguazil	245
The Nuncio, Portero and Gaoler	246
The Physician, Surgeon and Steward	248
Financial Officials	250
Salaries and Ayudas de Costa	251
The Records	255
Chapter III—Unsalaried Officials.
Calificadores or Censors	263
Consultors	266
Commissioners	268
Familiars	272
Their excessive Numbers and Turbulence	274
Qualifications prescribed	279
Organization of officials—Hermandad de San Pedro Martir	282
Fernando VII makes it an Order of Knighthood	283
Chapter IV—Limpieza.
Origin of Limpieza or Purity of Blood	285
Distinction between Old and New Christians	286
The Religious Orders seek to exclude New Christians	287
New Christians excluded from Colleges	289
The Church of Toledo adopts a Statute of Limpieza	290
Limpieza enforced in the Observantine Franciscans	293
It becomes a Prerequisite in the Inquisition	294
Verification of Limpieza	295
Number of Generations required—Penitents of the Inquisition	297
Character of Investigation—It is a Source of Revenue	300
Perjury and Subornation	304
Futile Effort of Philip IV to diminish the Evils of Limpieza	307
Unfortunate Effects of the Proscription	308
It increases the Terror of the Inquisition	310
Rigidity relaxed under the Restoration	311
Remains of Prejudice in Majorca	312
BOOK V—RESOURCES.
Chapter I—Confiscation.
Necessity of Confiscation to support the Inquisition	315
Confiscation borrowed from the imperial Jurisprudence	316
Responsibility for it	317
Claims of the Church in Cases of Clerics	318
Division made with feudal Lords	319
Enforced on all reconciled or condemned Heretics	320
Methods to prevent Evasion	321
Commissions paid to Informers	323
Rapacious Practice of the Old Inquisition	325
The Question of Alienations and Creditors	326
The Question of Dowries	332
The Question of Conquests	334
Thoroughness of Confiscation—Provision for Children	335
Alienations subsequent to Commission of Heresy	339
Slaves of Confiscated Estates	339
Rigorous Collection of Debts	340
Routine of Business—Responsibility of Receivers	341
Hardships inflicted by Confiscation	349
Exclusive Jurisdiction of the Inquisition	349
Compositions for Confiscation	352
Losses and Dilapidation	363
Productiveness	367
Becomes Obsolete in the Eighteenth Century	370
Disposition made of the Proceeds	371
Lavish Grants to Favorites	372
Ferdinand’s Kindliness	378
Reckless Grants by Charles V	380
Influence of Confiscation	386
Chapter II—Fines and Penances.
Pecuniary Penance	389
Distinguished from Confiscation	391
Sometimes substituted for Confiscation	394
Its Productiveness	396
Fines as Punishment	389
Chapter III—Dispensations.
Rehabilitation from Disabilities	401
Struggle between the Crown, the Inquisition and the Papacy	403
Sale of Commutation of Punishments	408
Chapter IV—Benefices.
Officials provided with Benefices	415
Quinquennial Dispensations from Residence	416
Patronage granted to the Sovereigns	416
Opposition of Cathedral Chapters	417
Doctoral and Magistral Canonries	421
Grant of a Canonry in each Church, in 1559	423
Fruitless Resistance of the Churches	428
Productiveness	431
Chapter V—Finances.
Failure to provide permanent Funds	433
Improvidence—Complaints of Poverty	435
Power of Recuperation	439
Deficiency of Revenue in the Eighteenth Century	441
Financial Organization—The Receiver	445
Detailed Accounts required—Neglect to render them	447
The Coffer with three Keys—Its Ineffectiveness	450
The Junta de Hacienda	453
Defalcations	454
BOOK VI—PRACTICE.
Chapter I—The Edict of Grace.
Nature of the Edict of Grace	457
Confession under the Edict	459
Its Utility to the Inquisition	460
Revived in 1815	463
Chapter II—The Inquisitorial Process.
The Inquisitorial Process in secular Procedure	465
Laxity in the Spiritual Courts	469
Rigid Secrecy in the Inquisition	470
Its Importance	476
The Fiscal as Party to the Case	478
The Inquisitorial Ideal	482
Chapter III—Arrest and Sequestration.
Duty of Denunciation	485
Preliminaries to Arrest	486
Their Disregard	491
Segregation of the Prisoner	493
Immediate Sequestration of Property	495
Provision for Families	499
The Secrestador	501
Embargo	503
Chapter IV—The Secret Prison.
Grades of Imprisonment	507
Character of the Secret Prison	509
Terror inspired by Imprisonment	511
The Chaining of Prisoners	511
Escape from Prison	513
Deprivation of all outside Intercourse	513
Restrictions on writing Materials	517
Prison Regulations	518
Deprivation of the Sacraments	520
Treatment of the Sick	522
Care of Female Prisoners	523
Humane Instructions—not always obeyed	524
Expenses of Maintenance—Rations	528
Collection of Costs	533
Chapter V—Evidence.
The Judge assumed to weigh the Character of Evidence	535
No Qualifications required in Witnesses for the Prosecution	536
Strict Qualifications for Witnesses for the Defence	539
Witnesses forced to testify	540
Examination of Witnesses	541
Control over Evidence for the Defence	543
Ratification of Evidence	544
Suppression of Witnesses’ Names	548
False-witness	554
Character of Evidence admitted	563
Negative Evidence	567
Chapter VI—Confession.
Duty of Saving Souls	569
Urgency to induce Confession	570
Spontaneous Confession, its Frequency	571
Confession must be complete—The Diminuto	573
Denial of Intention	576
Denunciation of Accomplices	577
Time of Confession	580
Revocation of Confession	582
Denial of Guilt—The Negativo	585
Appendix of Documents	587

A History of the Inquisition of Spain; vol. 2

About This Book

The Project Gutenberg eBook of A History of the Inquisition of Spain; vol. 2

A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION OF SPAIN

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

A HISTORY
OF THE
INQUISITION OF SPAIN