Dante

(See also Tables of Hell, Purgatory, Paradise, and Bibliographical Appendix)

• Alighieri, Dante, on the “Sicilian” poetry, 4, 5;
• birth and family, 6, 7;
• boyhood, 9, 10;
• biographers, 11;
• first love, 12, 13;
• youth and friends, 14, 15;
• probable visit to Bologna and military service, 15, 18, 19;
• loss of Beatrice, 20;
• philosophic devotion, 20;
• moral aberrations, 21;
• friendship with Forese Donati, 22, and with Betto Brunelleschi, 22;
• supposed loves, 22, 23;
• marriage, children, and debts, 23, 24;
• first steps in political life, 25-27;
• embassy to San Gemignano, 27;
• possible visit to Rome, 29;
• Priorate, 31;
• subsequent political acts, 32-34;
• embassy to the Pope, 34-35;
• accusations and sentences against him, 36-38;
• his undoubted innocence, 38;
• first period of exile, 39-40;
• at Gargonza and San Godenzo, 40;
• breaks with the Bianchi, 41;
• goes to Verona, 43;
• probably at Bologna, 43;
• possibly at Padua, 44;
• in Lunigiana and the Casentino, 44, 45;
• writes to the Florentine people, 45, 46;
• possibly at Paris, 46, 47;
• in the advent of Henry of Luxemburg, 48, 49;
• letters and fresh sentence, 50, 51;
• probably at Pisa, 52;
• does not accompany the Emperor against Florence, 53;
• renewed wanderings, 53;
• admonishes the Italian cardinals, 54;
• at Lucca, 55;
• rejection of amnesty, 55;
• new condemnation to death, 56;
• at Verona, 57;
• at Ravenna, 58, 59;
• probable visit to Mantua and Verona, 58;
• last days at Ravenna, 59;
• his embassy to Venice, 59;
• his death, 60;
• his works, 61-63;
• publication and diffusion of the Commedia, 64;
• his commentators, 64, 65;
• influence of Guido Guinizelli, 67, 68;
• the Vita Nuova, 10-14, 20, 61, 67-81, 82-86, 88, 96, 98, 99, 111, 120, 181, 201;
• the Rime or Canzoniere, 15, 21, 22, 35, 38, 45, 62, 82-93, 96-98, 104, 107, 108, 122, 127;
• the Convivio, 10, 20, 38, 39, 45, 48, 61, 62, 70, 72, 80, 81, 82, 85-88, 94-101, 102, 108, 114, 117n., 146, 155, 166, 167, 184, 192, 194, 195, 214;
• De Vulgari Eloquentia, 4, 5, 21, 36, 38, 44, 62, 63, 81, 87, 88, 90-92, 102-109, 128, 152, 181;
• the Monarchia, 62, 109-120, 142, 147, 167, 184, 189, 208, 210;
• the Letters, 15, 19, 32, 46, 47-52, 53-55, 62, 110, 120-127, 147;
• the Epistle to Can Grande, 58, 62, 127, 129, 136, 146, 167, 194;
• the Eclogues, 59, 63, 128, 130-134, 144;
• the Quaestio de Aqua et Terra, 58, 63, 134-135;
• the Divina Commedia, its completion, 59, 60, 62-64;
• publication and diffusion, 64, 65;
• earliest commentators, 64;
• language, 106;
• ethical and mystical, 128, 129;
• letter and allegory, 136-138;
• title, 137;
• metrical structure, 106, 138-139;
• sources, 139-141;
• symbolism of Virgil and Beatrice, 141-143;
• date of composition, 143-145;
• time, 145;
• Inferno, 146-164;
• Purgatorio, 164-192;
• Paradiso, 192-221
• Abati, Bocca degli, 161
• —— Durante degli, 10, 24
• Acquasparta, Cardinal Matteo da, 32-33, 36
• Adam, 103, 191, 214, 219
• Adam of Brescia, 160
• Adimari (Florentine family), 23
• Adolph of Nassau, 100
• Adrian IV., Pope, 110
• —— V., Pope, 178
• Aeneas, 114, 147, 155, 169, 208
• Agostino, 205
• Aguglione, Baldo da, 51
• Alberigo, Frate 144, 161
• Albert of Austria, 30, 48, 100
• Albertus Magnus, 1, 95, 141, 205
• Aldobrandesco, Omberto, 173
• Alexander the Great, 115
• Alighieri, family, 6, 25
• —— Alighiero di Bellincione (Dante’s father), 6, 9, 14
• —— Antonia, 23n., 60n.
• —— Beatrice, 23n., 60n.
• —— Bella, 10
• —— Brunetto di Bellincione, 7
• —— Francesco, 10
• —— Geri del Bello, 7
• —— Giovanni, 23n.
• —— Gemma Donati, 23, 58, 60n., 127, 132
• —— Jacopo di Dante, 23, 56, 58, 60n., 64
• —— Lapa Cialuffi, 10
• —— Pietro di Dante, 12, 23, 56, 58, 60n., 64, 127.
• —— Tana, 10
• Alighiero (son of Cacciaguida), 7
• Altoviti, Palmieri, 32, 36, 37, 52
• Anastasius, Pope, 155
• Anchises, 169, 208
• Anne, St., 219
• Anselm, St., 206
• Antaeus, 161
• Aquinas, St. Thomas, 1, 5, 80, 141, 150, 151, 152, 155, 172, 192, 205, 206
• Argenti, Filippo, 154
• Ariosto, 140
• Aristotle, 1, 14, 39, 80, 89, 95, 97, 100, 141, 150, 152, 176, 214, 215
• Arnaut, Daniel, 90, 107, 182
• Augustine, St., 117, 129, 141, 172, 200, 219, 220
• Augustus, 109, 113, 115
• Averroës, 99, 152
• Beatrice, traditionally identified with Bice Portinari, 12, 13, 14;
• her brother, 15, 78;
• her death, 20;
• Cino’s canzone on, 21;
• Dante’s wanderings from her, 21;
• in Dante’s work, 61, 62;
• in the Vita Nuova, 69-79;
• reference to her in the Convivio, 81, 84, 86, 89, 93, 98, 99, 111;
• her symbolism in the Divina Commedia, 141, 142;
• sends Virgil, 148;
• her part in the Earthly Paradise, 187-191;
• guides Dante through the spheres of Paradise, 194, 199-216;
• her glory in the Empyrean, 218-220
• Bambaglioli, Graziolo dei, 65, 119
• Bacci, O., 60n.
• Barbadoro, B., 32n.
• Barbi, M., 11, 23n., 56n., 82, 83, 93n., 127
• Bardi, Simone dei, 12
• Bartoli, A., 11
• Battifolle, Countess of, 125
• Bede, St., 205
• Becchi, Lippo, 36
• Belacqua, 168
• Bella, Giano della, 24, 25, 28
• Benedict, St., 212, 219
• —— IX., Pope, 43, 122
• Benvenuto da Imola, 15, 44, 65, 156, 187
• Bernard, St., 129, 185, 187, 197, 198, 203, 207, 209, 217-221
• Bertran de Born, 107
• Biagi, V., 135
• Biondo, Flavio, 48, 63, 121
• Biscaro, G., 133n.
• Blacatz, 169
• Boccaccio, 11, 12, 14, 15, 23, 26, 35, 40, 44, 46, 47, 58, 60n., 63, 65, 69, 74, 83, 101, 102, 109, 112, 118, 121, 122, 127, 130, 132, 144, 151n.
• Boëthius, 20, 94, 141, 205, 217
• Bonagiunta, 181
• Bonaventura, St., 1, 141, 206, 213, 220
• Boncompagno, 102n.
• Boniface VIII., Pope, 4, 24-26, 28, 29, 32-35, 36-38, 41-42, 46, 111, 159, 179, 217
• Branca d’Oria, 144
• Briareus, 160
• Brunelleschi, Betto, 22
• Brunetto di Bellincione. See Alighieri
• —— Latini, 14, 89, 97, 157
• Bruni, Leonardo, 12, 14, 18, 31, 34, 40, 43, 46, 53, 63, 74, 120, 121
• Brutus, 163
• Buondelmonte, 6
• Buoso da Duera, 161
• Buti, Francesco da, 65
• Cacciaguida, 6, 7, 29n., 40, 208, 209
• Caccianemico, Venedico, 133n., 145
• Caesar, 109
• Cain, 160
• Calboli, Fulcieri da, 41, 133n.
• Cammino, Gherardo da, 100
• Cante de’ Gabrielli, 36
• Capaneus, 157
• Carducci, 132
• Carlo Martello, 27, 204
• Casella, 15, 21, 87, 167
• Cassius, 163
• Cato, 114, 167
• Cavalcanti, Cavalcante, 155
• —— Guido, 13, 15, 28, 31, 32, 58, 68, 73, 74, 76, 85, 104, 108, 155
• Celestine V., St., Pope, 24, 168
• Cerberus, 153
• Cerchi, Vieri dei, 19, 27, 30, 40
• Charlemagne, 110, 116, 209
• Charles I. of Anjou, 3, 4, 8, 15, 16, 170, 178
• —— II. of Naples, 18, 27, 32, 49, 178, 204
• —— of Valois, 33-36, 178
• Charon, 149, 154
• Chaucer, 94
• Christ, 115, 116, 147, 186, 213
• Ciacco, 144
• Cicero, 20, 150, 155
• Cimabue, 6
• Cincinnatus, 114
• Cino da Pistoia, 15, 21, 53, 63, 85, 91, 93, 104, 107, 108, 123
• Cipolla, C., 116n.
• Clement IV., Pope, 3
• —— V., Pope, 46, 48, 52, 54, 116n., 126, 143, 145, 179, 217
• Clemenza, 204
• Colet, J. (on Dionysius), 215
• Colonna, Sciarra, 41
• Compagni, Dino, 25, 34, 35, 43
• Conrad III., Emperor, 7
• Conradin of Suabia, 9
• Constance, Empress, 2, 201
• Constance of Aragon, 16
• Constantine, 109, 116, 210
• Corazza da Signa, 34
• Croce, B., 137
• Curio, 124
• Cyprus, King of, 210
• Daniel, 120, 129
• Dante. See Alighieri
• Dante da Maiano, 84
• David, 120, 173, 210
• Della Torre, A., 56n.
• Del Lungo, I, 20n., 35n., 45n.
• Diedati, Gherardino, 34, 36
• —— Neri, 34
• Dionysius, 141, 197, 205, 207, 211, 215, 216
• Dominic, St., 205
• Donati, Corso, 22, 25, 27, 28, 31, 33, 46, 145, 180, 201
• —— Forese, 23, 85, 180, 201
• —— Foresino, 127
• —— Gemma, See Alighieri
• —— Manetto, 23, 24
• —— Nella, 180
• —— Niccolò, 127
• —— Piccarda, 201
• —— Teruccio, 127
• —— Ubertino, 23
• Donatus, Aelius, 206
• D’Ovidio, F., 139n.
• Durante, author of the Fiore, 63
• Elisei (family), 6
• Ephialtes, 160
• Eve, 219
• Federzoni, G., 139n.
• “Fioretta,” 84
• Folco, 204
• Francesca da Rimini, 58, 153, 161
• Francis, St., 92, 205
• Frangipani, Cardinal Latino, 16
• Frederick I., Emperor, 2, 49, 110
• —— II., Emperor, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 48, 100, 104, 109, 155, 170, 201
• —— of Aragon, 32
• Gabriel, St., 203, 213, 219
• Gambara, Gherardino da, 41
• Gentucca, 55n.
• Geryon, 158
• Gherardini, Andrea, 33, 38
• Gianni, Lapo, 15, 31, 85, 104
• Giants, the, 160
• Giotto, 6, 44, 58
• Giovanna (“Primavera”), 71, 76
• Giovanni del Virgilio, 56, 59, 63, 130-133
• Giraut de Borneil, 92, 107
• Godfrey de Bouillon, 209
• Gratian, 205
• Gregory I. (the Great), 99, 197
• —— VII. (Hildebrand), Pope, 2, 110
• —— X., Pope, 15
• Griffin, the mystical, 187, 188, 190
• Guarnerio, P. E., 139n.
• Guidi, the Conti, 51, 125
• Guido, Fra, of Pisa, 64, 127
• —— Novello da Polenta, 58, 59, 64, 132
• —— Novello (dei Conti Guidi), 8
• —— del Duca, 174
• Guinizelli, Guido, 5, 67, 68, 71, 76, 77, 85, 88, 104, 182
• Guiscard, Robert, 209
• Guittone d’Arezzo, 5
• Hauteville, House of, 2, 16
• Henry III., King of England, 170
• —— VI., Emperor, 2
• —— VII., Emperor, 47-53, 62, 100, 109, 112, 121, 123-125, 130, 143, 179, 217
• Hezekiah, 210
• Horace, 140
• Hugh Capet, 42, 178
• Hugh of St. Victor, 205
• Ilario, Frate, 54
• Illuminato, 205
• Irnerius, 2
• Isaiah, 92, 120, 127
• Isidore, St., of Seville, 154, 205
• Jacopone da Todi, 176
• James, St., 214
• Jeremiah, 20, 120, 127, 146, 215
• Joachim of Flora, 206
• John the Baptist, St., 219
• —— Chrysostom, St., 206
• —— of Damascus, St., 213
• John the Evangelist, St., 186, 214, 219
• —— XXI. (Peter of Spain), Pope, 206
• —— XXII., Pope, 54, 118, 210
• —— of Paris, 117n.
• Joshua, 209
• Judas Iscariot, 163
• —— Maccabaeus, 209
• Judith, 219
• Justinian, Emperor, 59, 109, 202, 203
• Juvenal, 140
• Kipling, Rudyard, 107n.
• Lacaita, J. P., 65
• Lana, Jacopo della, 51
• Leah, 183-186
• Lippo de’ Bardi, 15
• “Lisetta,” 93n.
• Livi, G., 80n., 92n., 144n.
• Livy, 141
• Louis of Bavaria, 60, 118
• —— St., of France, 3
• Lucan, 140, 162, 163, 167, 169
• Lucia (St. Lucy), 148, 171, 219
• Lucifer, 149, 150, 160-164
• Luzzatto, G., 35n.
• Malaspina (family), 44
• —— Alagia de’ Fieschi, 178
• —— Currado, 170
• —— Franceschino, 45
• ——Moroello, 123, 151n., 178
• Malavolti, Ubaldino, 35
• Manfred, 3, 4, 8, 16, 104, 168
• Marco the Lombard, 175
• Margaret, Empress, 125
• Martin IV., Pope, 181
• Mary the Blessed Virgin, 20;
• Beatrice under her banner, 77;
• symbolises Divine Mercy, 148;
• the Queen of Mercy, 170;
• examples of her life, 173, 177, 186, 201, 203;
• her Assumption in the Stellar Heaven, 213;
• her glory in the Empyrean, 219;
• her intercession for Dante, 220
• Matelda, 74, 184-188, 192, 218
• Matilda, Countess of Tuscany, 8, 185
• Mazzini, 104, 114
• Medusa, 154
• Mechthild of Hackeborn, 185
• —— of Magdeburg, 185
• Merlin, 85
• Meuccio, 15
• Milotti, Fiducio dei, 132
• Minerbetti, Maso, 35
• Moncetti, G. B., 134
• Monferrato, Marquis Giovanni of, 108
• Montefeltro, Buonconte da, 20, 168
• —— Guido da, 99, 159, 168
• Moore, E., 20n., 134, 145, 163n.
• Moses, 219
• Musaeus, 169
• Musciatto Franzesi, 42
• Mussato, Albertino, 132
• Nathan, 206
• Niccolò da Prato, Cardinal, 42, 122
• —— Pisano, 6
• Nicholas III., Pope, 15, 158
• Nogaret, William of, 41
• Oderisi, 174
• Ordelaffi, Scarpetta degli, 41, 49
• Orlandi, Orlanduccio, 37
• Orlando, 209
• Orosius, 141, 205
• Orsini, Cardinal Napoleone, 46, 126
• Ottimo Commento, the, 22, 35, 64, 185
• Otto, Emperor, 109
• Ottocar, 170
• Ovid, 141
• Palinurus, 169
• Parodi, E. G., 63, 143, 191
• Paul, St., 120, 129, 148, 180, 187
• Pazzi, Carlino dei, 41, 145
• Perini, Dino, 58, 131, 151n.
• Peter, St., Apostle, 187, 213, 215
• —— of Aragon, 16, 18, 170
• —— Comestor, 206
• —— Damian, 212
• —— of Spain. See John XXI.
• ——the Lombard, 205
• Petrarch, 47, 52, 125, 134
• Philip the Fair, 32, 42, 178
• Phlegyas, 154
• “Pietra,” 22, 89
• Plato, 94
• Plotinus, 220
• Poggetto, Bertrando del, 119
• Poggi, Andrea, 11, 127, 151n.
• —— Leone, 10
• Portinari, Bice. See Beatrice
• —— Folco, 12, 15
• —— Manetto, 15, 57, 78
• Pucci, Antonio, 134
• Pythagoras, 85
• Quirino, Giovanni, 144
• Rabanus Maurus, 206
• Rachel, 183, 185, 219
• Rahab, 204
• Rajna, P., 138n.
• Ranieri di Zaccaria, 56
• Rebecca, 219
• Renoardo, 209
• Rhipeus, 152, 210, 211
• Ricci, C., 133n.
• Riccomanni, Lapo, 10
• Richard of St. Victor, 129, 141, 183, 205, 220
• Robert the Wise, King of Naples, 49, 52, 56, 117n., 124, 130, 133n.
• Romano, Cunizza da, 204
• —— Ezzelino da, 3, 204
• Romena, Alessandro da, 122
• —— Oberto and Guido da, 122
• Romeo, 203
• Rossetti, 10, 57, 68, 76, 107, 181
• Rudolph of Hapsburg, 16, 100, 170, 204
• Ruggieri, Abp., 161
• Rustico di Filippo, 85
• Ruth, 219
• Saladin, 152
• Salterelli, Lapo, 37
• Salvani, Provenzano, 9, 174
• Sapia, 174
• Sarah, 219
• Scala, Albuino della, 44, 57
• —— Bartolommeo della, 43
• —— Can Grande della, 43, 57, 58, 62, 63, 121, 127, 130, 132, 144, 147, 208
• Scartazzini, G. A., 11, 13, 21
• Sennuccio del Bene, 53
• Serravalle, Giovanni da, 47
• Shakespeare, 26, 163
• Shelley, 60, 96, 134, 210, 231
• Siger, 205, 206
• Signorelli, Luca, 155
• Sinon, 160
• Solomon, 119, 205, 207
• Sordello, 169, 170
• Spenser, 107n.
• Spini (family), 29
• Statius, 140, 179-183, 186, 189, 192
• Swinburne, 107n.
• Tiberius, 115
• Torraca, F., 45n., 123n.
• Tosa, Baschiera della, 43
• Toynbee, P., 122n.
• See Bibliographical Appendix
• Trajan, 109, 173, 210
• Tundal, 139, 170
• Ubaldini, the, 41
• Uberti, Farinata degli, 8, 155
• —— Tolosato degli, 43
• Ugolino, Count, 125, 161
• Uguccione della Faggiuola, 46, 54-57
• Ulysses, 160
• Veltro, the, 93, 147, 191, 203
• Vernani, Fra Guido, 119
• Vernon, W. W., 65
• Vigna, Piero della, 156
• Villani, F., 11, 60, 127
• —— G., 9, 11, 17, 29, 46, 102, 121, 125
• Villari, P., 50
• Vincent of Beauvais, 180
• “Violetta,” 84
• Virgil, 140-143, 147-149, 153-164, 169, 175-188, 211, 218
• Visconti, Nino, 170
• Wicksteed, P. H., 95, 98n.
• William of Orange, 209
• —— II., King of Sicily, 3, 210
• Witte, K., 21, 98, 143, 157
• Zeno, San, Abbot of, 177