Essays on Mankind and Political Arithmetic

A collection of empirical essays applying numerical measurement to social and economic questions. It assembles surveys and parish tables of houses, hearths, baptisms, and burials, reports on a systematic land survey and mapping, and sets out methods of political arithmetic for assessing taxes, money, and proportion. Practical proposals for public finance, resource development, and administrative accounting appear alongside methodological reflections on counting, estimation, and measurement. Short treatises and colloquial exercises illustrate calculation techniques and their use in planning and governance. The work consistently aims to replace speculation with quantified evidence to inform policy and the management of land, population, and fiscal obligations.