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Louis XIV and La Grande Mademoiselle, 1652-1693 cover

Louis XIV and La Grande Mademoiselle, 1652-1693

Chapter 33: M
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About This Book

The author reconstructs the royal court, tracing the evolution of a reserved monarch into a sovereign who outmaneuvers aristocratic resistance and redefines political authority. Seen largely through the life of a high-born cousin—her exile, salon gatherings, passionate liaison with a royal favorite, blocked marriage, and final seclusion—the narrative interweaves political crises, cultural flourishing in drama and music, courtly morality and libertinism, and architectural and administrative reforms. Detailed character studies and contemporary memoirs illuminate how personal temperaments, factional rivalries, and artistic patronage shaped private fortunes and contributed to the consolidation of centralized rule.

Louis XIV., returns to Paris, 2, 19, 24;
occupations of Court of, 7, 230-232;
dictates to Parliament, 19, 23;
holds Lit de Justice, 19, 20;
escorts Mazarin to Paris, 20;
fondness of, for fêtes and ballets, 21, 75, 120, 172, 176, 178-181, 315;
growing power of, 22-24, 59, 170, 171;
education of, 31, 63-68, 371;
proposed marriages of, 48, 77, 94, 96;
permits Mademoiselle to return to Court, 57-59;
effect of Fronde upon, 58, 65, 68, 278, 370;
character of, 68-72, 101;
lack of etiquette at Court, in youth of, 77, 78;
infatuation of, for Marie Mancini, 77, 97, 193, 228;
cruelty of armies of, 84;
journeys of, 94, 97-100, 103, 104, 199, 257;
pardons Condé, 100, 101;
ignorance of, 103, 104, 112-116;
marriage of, with Marie-Thérèse, 103-111;
interviews of, with Philip IV., 106, 107;
letters of, 108, 183, 184, 188, 189;
begins to govern without minister, 113, 114;
systematic regulation of his time, 116, 117;
growth of absolute monarchy, 118, 119, 128, 138-142, 371;
fondness of, for gaming, 133, 333;
reforms abuses with Colbert, 141, 142;
proposes marriage of Mlle. with King of Portugal, 142-146, 160, 185;
banishes Mlle. for refusing marriage, 147, 148, 161;
Queen's lack of influence over, 149-151, 154;
passionate temperament of, 153-155, 170, 193, 219, 220;
relations of, with Madame, 153, 194, 228;
strained relations with his mother, 153, 157;
relations of, with La Vallière, 153-156, 172, 176, 193, 197;
Mémoires written for Dauphin, 154-156, 179;
opinion of women, 155, 193, 194;
conduct of, disapproved, 157-159;
religious opinions of, 156, 212, 213, 374;
influence of Mme. de Maintenon upon, 156, 193, 219, 339;
acquires Dunkerque, 173;
takes up permanent residence at Versailles, 174, 370;
size of Court, 174, 175, 258;
hospitality of, 175-177;
plans Savoie marriage for Mademoiselle, 185-190, 236;
effect of mother's death on, 195-197, 199;
relations of, with Mme. de Montespan, 193, 209, 210, 212, 229, 333, 338-342;
frames rules of etiquette relating to position of mistresses, 197, 233-235, 315, 334-336;
boldness of Court preachers, 200, 201;
orders prosecution of Mariette and Lesage, 210-212;
lover of music, 218-220;
sustains Racine and Molière, 224, 227, 228;
death of infant daughter, 233;
with the army, 235, 361;
Lauzun a favourite of, 243-247, 250, 251, 254, 257;
discomforts of travelling in 1670, 258-267;
plans marriage of Mlle. with Monsieur, 274, 276-278;
tacitly consents to marriage of Mademoiselle with Lauzun, 282, 283, 286;
withdraws consent, 290-293, 295, 296;
treatment of Mademoiselle, 299-301;
Lauzun's imprisonment, 312-315, 323;
charmed with new sister-in-law, 315;
brilliancy of reign of, 330, 331, 375;
power and importance of, 330-332;
extravagance of, 332-339;
love of martial display, 333-336;
marriage of Mlle. de Blois, 337;
responsible for deterioration of manners and morals, 338-341, 372;
finds presumptive proof of guilt of Madame de Montespan, 343-347, 349;
orders destruction of records, 343, 344, 369;
turns to Mme. de Maintenon, 339-341;
dismisses Mme. de Montespan, 341, 342;
establishes the Chambre ardente, 343;
suppresses the Chambre ardente, 347;
marriage of, with Mme. de Maintenon, 305, 370;
effect of reign of, upon France, 371-373;
Mémoires of, 58, 66, 68-70, 114, 141, 142, 154-156, 179, 193, 278, 355

Louise de La Vallière (Lair), 180

Louvois, letters to, 209, 311, 325;
enemy of Lauzun, 244, 245, 247, 287, 288;
instructions of, concerning Lauzun, 310-313, 318-323, 325;
letters of, 344, 347;
sent to coerce Mademoiselle, 352

Louvre, Palace of the, Mazarin returns to, 20;
Court at, 65, 78, 82, 111, 112, 122;
fête at, 178

Lulli, Baptiste, operas of, 216, 217, 218, 220, 221

Luxembourg, Duc de, 344

Luxembourg, palace of the, Monsieur at, 24;
Mademoiselle returns to, 72, 76, 121;
Madame occupies, 102, 121, 191, 285;
salon of Mademoiselle at, 122, 123, 125, 133-136, 148, 222, 223, 288, 296, 297, 361

Luynes, Constable de, 243

Lyonne, M. de, 293

Lyons, Court at, 94, 96, 258

M

Madame. See Orléans, Henrietta, and Palatine

Madame de Montespan et Louis XIV. (Clément), 282, 349

Madame, Memoirs of Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans (Cartwright), 136

Madelaine, 50

Mademoiselle, La Grande. See Montpensier

Magie dans l'Inde antique, La (Henry), 210

Mailly, Château of, 263

Maine, Duc du, 351, 352

Maintenon, Mme. de (Mme. Scarron), Letters of (Geoffroy, ed.), 63, 64;
Souvenirs sur, 150, 151, 230;
influence of, over Louis XIV., 71, 156, 193, 219, 339-341, 374;
governess to King's children, 290, 309, 310;
Lettres historiques et édifiantes, of, 291;
King marries, 305, 370

Mairet, 223

Malade Imaginaire (Molière), 109

Mancini, Marie, niece of Mazarin, 77, 96, 193, 228, 339

"Mandate," the, 286

Mansard, François, 26

Man with the Iron Mask, the, 304, 329

Marie Antoinette, 23

Marie Thérèse, Infanta of Spain, marriage of, with Louis XIV., 103-111;
political opinions of, 118;
unhappy married life of, 149-151, 154, 172;
character of, 149-151, 196, 252, 260, 261, 264-266, 271;
friendly relations of, with Mme. de Montespan, 209, 210, 233-235;
friendship of, for Mme. de Maintenon, 341;
death of, 370

Mariette, priest, 204, 210;
arrest and trial of, 210-212

Marigny, La Relation des Divertissements que le Roi a donnés aux Reines, by, 173

Marly, 336

Martinozzi, Anne Marie, niece of Mazarin, 48

Mascarille, Marquis de, 76

Mauny, Marquise de, 13, 131

Mazarin, Cardinal, power of, 11, 16, 25, 38, 39, 45, 47;
triumphal return of, 20;
obtains pardon for Mademoiselle, 48, 52, 53, 56;
detestation of, 60, 61;
rapacity of, 60-62, 112;
relations of, with Anne of Austria, 62, 63, 304;
created Cardinal, 63;
treatment of Louis XIV., 65-67, 69, 70, 74;
nieces of, 77, 82, 96, 97, 237;
letter of protest to, 84;
signs peace of Pyrénées, 99, 107;
difficulties of, in settling points of etiquette relating to King's marriage, 105, 106;
instructions of, to Louis, 112, 113;
death of, 113, 116, 141;
opposition of, to Compagnie du Saint Sacrement, 158, 198;
introduces Italian opera into France, 215

Médicis, Catherine de', 67, 113

Meilleraye, Duc de la (Duc de Mazarin), 77

Mélanges (Delamare), 285

Mémoires. See Aumale, Bussy-Rabutin, Choisy, Goulas, Huet, La Fare, La Fayette, Montpensier, Motteville, Saint-Simon, Sourches, etc.

Mémoires of Louis XIV. See under Louis (editors, Dreyss and Petitot).

Mémoires de Montglat, 25, 59, 62, 100, 108

Mémoires-Relations du temps, 179

Mémoires sur la Vie et les Ouvrages de Jean Racine (Racine), 227

Ménage, 222, 226

Mercure Galant, 365

Mignet, Négociations relatives à la succession d'Espagne, by, 143

Miot. See Porchat.

Misère au temps de la Fronde et Saint Vincent de Paul, La (Feillet), 82, 84

Mithridate (Racine), 228

Molière, returns to Paris, 81;
plays of, 109, 124, 131, 132, 180, 181, 202, 216, 231, 374, 376;
representations of, given at Versailles and the Luxembourg, 178, 180, 181, 221, 222;
opposition to Racine and, 223-227;
King sustains, 227, 228

"Molière," of the Grands Écrivains de la France (Hachette), 176, 179, 202

Monsieur, See Orléans, Gaston, Duc d'.

Monsieur, the little. See Anjou, Philippe, Duc d'.

Montausier, Duc de, 264, 282, 287, 297, 306

Montausier, Mme. de, 263

Montbazon, Duchesse de, 126

Montchevreuil, M. de, 230

Montespan, Marquis de, 229

Montespan, Marquise de,
supplants La Vallière, 80, 193, 209, 210;
marriage of, 172, 209, 229;
description of, 209, 230;
client of La Voisin, 210, 212, 342;
criminal charges against, 212, 344-348;
position of, 233, 258-271, 315, 334-336;
assumes habits of royalty, 233-235;
relations of, with Lauzun, 245, 246, 282, 287, 354;
betrays Lauzun, 290, 291, 296, 309, 310, 322, 323;
children of, 290, 344, 351, 352;
extravagance of, 333, 336;
character of, 339, 340, 342;
dismissal of, 341, 342, 350, 351;
evidence against destroyed, 343

Monteverde, Ariane, by, 214

Montigny, Abbé de, 263

Montmédy, 59

Montmorency-Boutteville, 78

Montmorency, 25

Montpensier, Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of, La Grande Mademoiselle,
possible marriage of, with Louis XIV., 2, 48;
character of, 2, 56, 59, 184

Montpensier, Mlle., alliance of, with Condé, 3, 16, 17, 33, 38, 45, 55, 56;
exiled to Saint-Fargeau, 3-20, 32-39, 43-48;
heroine of Porte Saint-Antoine, 3, 53, 58, "59, 72, 261, 370;
amusements at court of St.-Fargeau, 7-10, 17-20, 148;
literary tastes of, 8-10, 15, 18, 73, 132, 221, 224-226, 229;
begins her Mémoires, 15;
rumoured marriage of, with Condé, 16;
litigation of, with father, 34, 37, 41-44, 51-54;
wealth of, 35-38, 145, 163, 185, 256;
skilful management of her affairs, 36, 37, 49;
breaks with Condé, 46, 47, 52;
makes overtures to Mazarin, 47, 48;
wins Champigny lawsuit, 49-51, 125;
permitted to return to Court, 54, 55, 57-59;
never fully forgiven, 58, 59, 101, 169, 186, 197, 370;
proposed marriage of, with little Monsieur, 59, 73, 272-278;
takes up residence in the Luxembourg, 72, 121, 122;
popularity of, in Paris, 72, 366;
description of, 72-74;
astonished at lack of etiquette at Court, 75-79;
visits Port-Royal, 79, 80;
visits Dombes, 95, 96;
Monsieur's duplicity towards, 98, 99;
grieves at death of Monsieur, 102, 103;
present at marriage of Louis XIV., 105-111;
ill-health of, 120;
salon of, 122-125, 131-136, 148, 223, 224, 226;
describes blue room of Mme. de Rambouillet, 132, 133;
letters of, 160, 170, 183;
letters to, 183, 188, 189, 348;
proposed marriages of, 136-138;
grudge of Charles II. against, 136, 137;
King plans marriage of, with King of Portugal, 142-146, 160, 161;
refuses to marry Alphonse, 145-147, 160, 185;
second exile of, 147, 160-170, 182, 184;
proposed marriage of, with Duc de Savoie, 147, 185-190, 236;
buys Comté d'Eu, 161-168;
installed at Eu, 169, 170;
recalled to Court, 184-187;
failure of proposed marriages of, 189-192;
patroness of Lulli, 221;
cultivates Mme. de Montespan, 229, 230, 233-236;
change in sentiments of, 235;
advancing age of, 236, 254, 277, 278;
infatuation of, for Lauzun, 238-242, 250, 262, 279-281, 359, 360;
describes Lauzun, 248;
makes proposals of marriage to, 251-256, 267-270, 279, 280;
Lauzun's treatment of, 253-256, 261, 275-277, 279, 281, 357-360;
proposed de Longueville marriage of, 256, 257, 270;
as a traveller, 262-267;
at death-bed of Madame, 270-272;
King's tacit consent to marriage with Lauzun, 281-283, 286;
criticism of projected marriage by all classes, 285, 286;
bestows principalities and titles upon Lauzun, 288, 307;
preparing for marriage, 289, 290, 296;
King refuses consent, 290-293, 295, 296, 353, 354;
marriage with Lauzun broken off, 291-293, 296, 297, 317, 326;
appeals in vain to King, 291-293, 315, 316;
grief and despair of, 296-303;
wide-spread belief in secret marriage of, 304-309, 349, 353, 358;
learns of Lauzun's arrest and imprisonment, 310-314;
efforts of, to obtain release of Lauzun, 317, 318, 348-352;
traditional daughter of, 349;
price demanded from, for liberation of Lauzun, 351, 352;
makes Duc du Maine her heir, 351, 352;
tricked by Louis and Mme. de Montespan, 354;
Lauzun forced to renounce gifts of, 354;
compensates Lauzun, 355;
devotion of, to Lauzun after his liberation, 356-360;
constant quarrels with Lauzun, 357-361;
final break with Lauzun, 362, 363, 366;
illness and death of, 365, 366;
burial of, at St. Denis, 366;
last of actors in the Fronde, 369;
great qualities of, 377