INDEX
- Acid linings for furnaces, 139, 156
- Allotropic modifications of iron, 322
- Alloy steels, 232
- Ammonia from coke ovens, 49
- Analysis, chemical, 165
- Annealing malleable cast iron, 203
- Bar, Merchant, 154
- muck, 99
- Basic linings for furnaces, 139, 156, 230
- Beehive charcoal, 38
- coke, 44
- Benzol, 49
- Bessemer, Sir Henry, 123
- Black heart malleable iron, 209
- Blast, 1, 11, 52, 58, 172
- Blast furnace, 9, 10, 52
- Blister steel, 117
- Blowing of Bessemer steel, 128, 225
- Boyden, Seth, 196
- Busheled iron, 105
- Butt-welded pipe, 293
- By-products, 42, 47
- Carbon, effect of, on iron, 8, 74, 83, 86, 109, 116, 180, 198, 233, 319, 337
- Cast iron. See Iron, cast
- Castings, 189
- of cast iron, 178
- Castings of malleable iron, 197
- Cementation steel process, 106, 112
- Charcoal, 7, 37, 95
- Chemical changes during refining, 7, 97, 119, 128, 149, 155, 160, 201, 230
- Chemistry of gas producers, 158
- Chromium in steel, 238, 243
- Cinder in wrought iron, 96, 97, 101, 300
- Classification according to chemical analysis, 83
- Coal, 41, 49
- Cold finishing of steel, 270, 306
- Coke, 11, 41
- Coke ovens, 44, 46
- Conductivity of steels, 315
- Converters, 126, 226
- Cooling curves of steels, 316
- Cort, Henry, 11, 95, 259
- Critical temperature or range in steels, 315, 319
- Crucibles, 118
- Crucible steel process, 106, 118, 223
- Cupola melting process, 161, 171, 198
- Dilatation of steel, 315
- Dolomite, 50
- Drawing bench, 287, 306
- Drawing, effect of cold-drawing, 248
- Duplex steel process, 155
- Electric furnaces, 227
- Electric steel, 227
- Equilibrium diagram of iron-carbon alloys, 335, 345
- Eutectic, 342
- Eutectoid, 346
- Fiber of wrought iron, 92, 93, 101
- Fluor spar, 51
- Flux, 50, 173
- Forging, 248
- Freezing-point curves of iron-carbon alloys, 337
- Fuels, 6, 11, 15, 37, 94, 96, 119, 130, 157, 170
- Furnaces, air, 198
- Gas, coke oven, 41, 47
- Hadfield, Sir Robert, 235
- Hammers for forging, 249
- Hardening, air or self, 241
- Hardening of steels, 109, 233, 240, 316, 333
- Holley, Alexander L., 127
- Huntsman crucible melting process, 10, 118
- Ingots, steel, 245
- Irons, “black heart” malleable cast, 209
- Busheled, 105
- cast (See also Semi-steel), 7, 79, 160, 178, 346
- classification of, 69, 89
- early history of, 1, 4, 91
- ingot, 75
- malleable, 4, 123
- malleable cast, 81, 195
- pig, 63
- puddled, 75, 91
- strengths of the iron alloys, 83, 188
- Swedish, 93
- white, 81, 184, 198
- “white heart” malleable cast, 21
- wrought, 75, 77, 91
- wrought, early processes for, 4, 93
- Kelly, William, 124
- Lap-welded pipe, 296
- Lime, use of, 139, 149, 230
- Limestone as flux, 50, 173
- Linings, acid and basic, 139, 156, 230
- Magnetism, loss of, in steels, 314
- Manganese, 135, 151
- Hadfield’s manganese steel, 235
- Mannesmann process for billet piercing, 302
- Melting points of iron-carbon alloys, 4, 6, 83, 94, 142
- Metallography, 70, 180, 324
- Metalloids, 86, 89, 128
- Mills. See Rolling mills
- Mixer, 131, 153
- Molds and Molding, 13, 189, 218
- Muck bar, 99
- Mushet, Robert F., 135, 240
- Nasmyth, James, 251
- Nickel in steel, 237
- Open-hearth steel process, 142, 223
- Ore, iron, 3, 17, 53, 144
- Phosphorus in iron and steel, 97, 139, 144, 152, 230
- Pickling of steel, 285, 305
- Piercing of steel billets for tubes, 302
- Pig bed, 61
- Pig iron, 63
- castings (“direct castings”), 80
- Pipes and tubes, early, 292
- Pipes, butt-welded, 293
- Plates, making of steel, 264
- Press, forging by hydraulic, 256
- Puddling of iron, 97
- Rails, rolling of, 138, 273
- Reaumur, 115, 195
- Recalescence, 311, 316
- Recarburization, 135, 151
- References, 350
- Regenerative system of heating, 146
- Risers on steel castings, 219
- Rods, rolling of, 277
- Rolling mills, 259, 277, 294, 304
- Rolling of muck bar, 99
- Rolling of skelp for pipe, 293
- Rolling vs. forging of steel, 258
- Segregation in steel ingots, 246
- “Semi-steel,” 78, 185
- Sheets, rolling of, 273
- Siemens-Martin steel process. See Open-hearth
- Silicon in iron-carbon alloys, 83, 120, 133, 168, 182, 346
- Skelp for pipe, 293
- Slag and cinder, 56, 58, 96, 97, 151
- Spiegeleisen addition in Bessemer process, 135
- Squeezer for puddled iron, 99
- Steam hammer for forging, 251
- Steels, acid, 139, 156
- alloy, 107, 232
- annealing of, 109, 220, 233, 285, 307, 333
- basic, 139, 156, 230
- Bessemer process, 123, 154, 226
- blister, 117
- carbon, 107
- castings. See Castings of steel
- cementation, 106, 112
- chrome, 238
- classification of, 107, 155
- crucible, 106, 118, 223
- duplex, 155
- electric, 227
- hardening of, 109, 233, 240, 241, 316, 333
- high-speed, 107, 240
- manganese, 235
- nickel, 237
- open-hearth, 107, 142, 223
- place in the iron family, 78
- “semi-steel,” 79, 185
- shear, 118
- structures, decompositions and transformations of, 310, 337, 343
- tool, 107, 240
- tungsten, 236, 243
- Wootz, Damascus, Toledo, etc., 8, 121
- Strengths of iron-carbon alloys, 83, 188
- Structures of the irons and steels, 310, 323, 337, 343
- See also Metallography
- Sulphur in fuels and alloys, 40, 43, 95, 97, 155, 168, 203, 230
- Tar, coal, 48
- Taylor, Frederick W., 241
- Tempering of steels, 109, 240, 331
- Titanium in steel, 234
- Tools, 3, 107, 212
- Tool steels, carbon, 107
- Tubes and tube making, 302
- Tungsten in steel, 236, 241
- Uses of irons and steels, 71, 83, 184, 212, 213, 215, 249
- Vanadium in steel, 235, 243
- Welding rolls, 297
- Welding of steel, 83, 294, 296
- “White heart” malleable cast iron, 210
- White iron, 81, 184, 198
- White, Maunsel, 241
- Wire, drawing of, 284
- Wootz steel process, 8, 121