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Old Tavern Signs: An Excursion in the History of Hospitality

Chapter 18: Index
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About This Book

The book traces the history and symbolism of tavern signs as outward tokens of hospitality, following their development from ancient and ecclesiastical origins through secular, knightly, and popular forms. It surveys how signs function in art and literature, considers artists who designed and painted signs, and explores political uses and regional peculiarities, including particular English features. Richly illustrated examples accompany chapters that link visual motifs to social customs, poetic references, and the gradual decline of traditional signage, concluding with reflections on meaning and loss.

C’est bien disné, quand on s’échappe
Sans débourser pas un denier,
Et dire adieu au tavernier
En torchant son nez dans sa nappe.
François Villon.

Index

  • Abbot’s inn, 62.
  • Absalom, 159.
  • Adam and Eve, 5, 7, 138.
  • Ad maurum, 38.
  • Ad Mercurium et Apollinem, 39.
  • Admiral Vernon, 207.
  • Ad rotam, 37 (illus.).
  • Affenwagen, 91 (illus.).
  • A l’enseigne de la belle étoile, 165.
  • A l’enseigne de la lune, 165.
  • A l’enseigne du pavillon des singes, 169.
  • A l’image du Christ, 71.
  • A l’image de Notre Dame, 151.
  • Alla spada, 80.
  • A man loaded with mischief, 155.
  • American signs, 151, 199 f., 213.
  • Anchor, 84, 85, 117.
  • Âne rayé, l’, 92.
  • Angel, 7, 11 (illus.), 12 ff., 81, 124.
  • Annunciation, 12.
  • Apollo, 38, 203, 213.
  • Ark of Noah, 89.
  • Asne rouge, 173.
  • Ass in the bandbox, 210.
  • Auberge de la mule, 89.
  • Auerbach’s Keller, 85.
  • Au grand monarque, 189.
  • Au grand vainqueur, 195.
  • Au juste prix, 257.
  • Au lit on dort, 257.
  • Au paradis des dames, 7.
  • Au perroquet vert, 97.
  • Au sermon, 266.
  • Au temps perdu, 256.
  • Au vase d’or, 123.
  • Aux deux Pierrots, 151.
  • Aux trois lapins, 227 (illus.).
  • Axe, 85.
  • Bacchus, 152, 203.
  • Bag of nails, 255.
  • Bakers’ signs, 86, 134, 135 (illus.), 241.
  • Barking dogs, 158.
  • Bear, 36, 44, 72, 120, 185, 211, 251.
  • Bear and Billet, 240.
  • Beehive, 98.
  • Bee’s Wing, 248.
  • Bell, 73, 117, 138, 247 f.
  • Bell and candlestick, 249.
  • Bell and lion, 249.
  • Belle sauvage, 249.
  • Blue bear, 263.
  • Blue boar, 115 (illus.), 239.
  • Blue cap, 248.
  • Boar’s head, 115 f.
  • Bock, 228.
  • Bonaparte, 151, 207 f., 210.
  • Boot, 85, 269.
  • Bowman tavern, 114.
  • Bras d’or, 199.
  • Bratwurstglöckle, 185.
  • Brutus, 196.
  • Bull, 86, 164.
  • Bull and bell, 86.
  • Bull and magpie, 86.
  • Bull and mouth, 241.
  • Bull and stirrup, 86.
  • Buona moglie, la, 69.
  • Butcher sign (illus.), 197.
  • Cabaret du petit père noire, 178.
  • Cadran bleu, 214.
  • Cage, 73, 97.
  • Camel, 44.
  • Canone d’oro, 80.
  • Capello, 117.
  • Castor and Pollux, 203.
  • Cat and fiddle, 204, 255.
  • Cat and wheel, 204.
  • Cavallo bianco, 45, 174.
  • Cave des morts, la, 160.
  • Centaur, 107, 119.
  • Chaste Suzanne, la, 152.
  • Chat noir, 150, 175.
  • Chat qui dort (illus.), 89.
  • Cheshire Cheese, 180 ff.
  • Chessboard, 33, 139.
  • Cheval blanc, 151, 174.
  • Cicero, 207.
  • Cigogne, 90.
  • Club signs, 243.
  • Cochon mitré, 204.
  • Cock, 34, 90, 162, 180, 183, 184 (illus.), 190.
  • Cock and bell, 249.
  • Cock and bottle, 241.
  • Cock and crown, 215.
  • Cockpit, 104.
  • Couronne civile, 194.
  • Cradle, 99.
  • Crocodile, 92.
  • Croix de Lorraine, 175.
  • Cromwell, 206.
  • Cross, 82, 99, 185, 205, 257.
  • Cross Keys, 104.
  • Crown, 18, 72, 86, 120, 122, 124, 191 (illus.), 192, 211 f.
  • Cursus publicus, 40.
  • Curtain, 104.
  • Czar’s head, 206.
  • Death and the doctor, 160.
  • Deux torches, 177.
  • Devil, 182.
  • Diable, 176.
  • Diana, 38.
  • Dog, 89, 214, 246.
  • Dog and duck, 250.
  • Dog and pot (illus.), 214.
  • Dog in Shoreditch (illus.), 270.
  • Dolphin, 203, 241.
  • Donkey, 210.
  • Dove, 90.
  • Dragon, 93.
  • Dromedary, 91.
  • Drudenfuss, 32.
  • Eagle, 35, 41, 82, 117, 120, 169, 232.
  • Eagle and child (illus.), 100.
  • Eisenhut, 79.
  • Elephant, 34, 35, 45, 113.
  • Elephant and castle (illus.), 7.
  • Epée de bois, 177.
  • Erasmus of Rotterdam, 206.
  • Falcon, 104, 105 (illus.), 242.
  • Falstaff, 242.
  • Federal punch, 213.
  • Femme sans tête, 67, 69.
  • Feuerkugel, 229.
  • Fighting cocks, 249.
  • Fish, 84.
  • Flags, 36.
  • Fleur de lys, 82.
  • Flying Dutchman, 248.
  • Flying horse, 108.
  • Fontaine de jouvence, la, 152.
  • Fortune, 104, 203.
  • Four alls, 255.
  • Four swans, 240.
  • Fox, 94, 246.
  • Fox and goose, 267.
  • Fox and hounds, 252.
  • Fox and the seven stars, 267.
  • Frederic the Great, 206.
  • Garter, 112.
  • Géant, le, 94.
  • George, 54, 62, 63, 108, 280.
  • George and dragon, 164, 286 (illus.).
  • German hospitality, 21 f.
  • German War-poster, 162.
  • Giraffe, 93.
  • Globe, 164.
  • Goat, 163.
  • Goat and compasses, 256.
  • God begot house, 54.
  • God encompasses us, 256.
  • Golden bear, 229.
  • Golden cannon, 45.
  • Golden cross, 205.
  • Golden eagle, 208.
  • Golden head, 176.
  • Golden lamb, 263.
  • Golden lion, 103, 170, 226, 227.
  • Golden louse, 233.
  • Golden tiger, 112.
  • Goldene Brunnen, 228.
  • Goldene Wage, 226.
  • Good eating, 73, 139.
  • Good man, 70.
  • Good Samaritan, 154.
  • Good woman, 67, 68.
  • Governor Hancock, 200.
  • Grand Hercule, le, 94.
  • Gray donkey, 210.
  • Greek signs, 44.
  • Green monkeys, 90 f.
  • Grosser Engel, 226.
  • Guild-houses, 137.
  • Gustavus Adolphus, 206.
  • Habsburger Hof, 111.
  • Half-Moon, 87, 88, 112, 136.
  • Half-Moon and punchbowl, 213.
  • Hand and cock, 254.
  • Hand of hospitality, 19 f.
  • Haubert, le, 80.
  • Hell, 45, 72.
  • Helmet, 78 f.
  • Hercules, 9, 38, 94, 203, 244.
  • High Lily, 53.
  • Horse, 246 f.
  • Hospice of the Great St. Bernard, 50.
  • Hospital of St. Cross, 53.
  • Hôtel de l’Arquebuse, 114.
  • Hôtel de l’Empereur, 211.
  • Hôtel de l’Europe, 276.
  • Hôtel Victoria, 232.
  • Huron, 151, 204.
  • In angelo, 13.
  • In der Roskam, 136.
  • In duobus angelis, 13.
  • Indian signs, 204.
  • Iron helmet, 78 f.
  • Jonge Stier, 154.
  • Kaiserhof, 111.
  • Kaiser Joseph, 210.
  • Knights of St. John, 51 ff.
  • Knights Templars, 51 f.
  • Kölner Hof, 111.
  • Königin von England, 232.
  • Korn’s Hotel, 220.
  • Krug, 135.
  • Labor in vain, 256.
  • Lamb, 85, 99, 137.
  • Leopard, 111.
  • Linde, 81.
  • Lion, 83, 185, 186 (illus.).
  • Little and great sleeper, 94.
  • Living signs, 97.
  • Logger-Heads, 159.
  • Lubbar’s Head, 111.
  • Mayde’s Hede, 109.
  • Mercury, 38.
  • Mermaid, 93, 178.
  • Minerva, 203.
  • Mirabilia Romæ, 53.
  • Mitre, 182.
  • Mol’s Coffee House, 81.
  • Moon, 87.
  • Moor, 38.
  • Mortar, 173.
  • Mort qui trompe, la, 27, 160.
  • Mouton blanc, 176 f.
  • Mule, 89, 173.
  • Mutter Grün, 165.
  • New Inn, 110, 239.
  • Oak, 211.
  • Ochse, 232.
  • Ostel des singes, l’, 90.
  • Osteria del penello, 46.
  • Ours qui pile, 173.
  • Pack-Horse, 246 (illus.).
  • Paon blanc, 96.
  • Paradise, 7, 72.
  • Parrot and punchbowl, 213.
  • Peacock, 96, 103.
  • Pegasus, 108, 203.
  • Pentacle, 230.
  • Pentagram, 32 f., 230.
  • Pestle, 173.
  • Pheasant, 96.
  • Phenix, 104, 107, 203.
  • Pig and carrot, 255.
  • Pig and whistle, 254 f.
  • Pilgrim inns, 51, 63.
  • Pitcher, 134, 136.
  • Plat d’argent, 73.
  • Plat d’estein, 173.
  • Pomegranate, 107.
  • Pomme de pin, 174 f.
  • Poor men’s inns, 51, 61.
  • Post, 221.
  • Publishers’ signs, 243 f.
  • Punchbowl, 212.
  • Purgatory, 72.
  • Quatre nations, 170.
  • Quattuor sorores, 27.
  • Rathskeller, 84.
  • Raven, 222.
  • Red bull, 104.
  • Red cock, 232.
  • Red horse, 103.
  • Red lion, 106, 109, 239.
  • Rembrandt, 206.
  • Rémouleur (illus.), 152, 153.
  • Renard dansant devant une poule, 95.
  • Rheinischer Hof, 111.
  • Ritter, 62.
  • Roasted pig, 269.
  • Roi mort, le, 196.
  • Roman eagle, 41.
  • Roman post-system, 40.
  • Römischer Kaiser, 228, 271.
  • Rose, 104, 121 (illus.), 212, 228.
  • Rowing barge, 164 (illus.), 125.
  • Royal oak, 211, 263.
  • Running horses, 247.
  • Ruysdael, 206.
  • Sagittary, 113, 203.
  • Sainte Opportune, 171.
  • Salutation, 72, 158, 205, 245.
  • Samaritaine, 244.
  • Saracen’s Head, 263.
  • St. Barbara, 73.
  • St. Catherine and wheel, 204.
  • St. Christopher, 60 f.
  • St. Dominic, 66.
  • St. Fiacre, 70.
  • St. George, 62 ff., 65.
  • St. Martin, 65 f.
  • St. Urban, 66.
  • Schiller, 206.
  • Schoolmaster sign, 131, 147.
  • Seelhäuser, 51.
  • Ship, 84.
  • Ship and punchbowl, 213.
  • Shoemaker sign, 241.
  • Silent woman, 68.
  • Siren, 93, 203.
  • Six reines, 93.
  • Soleil d’or, 152.
  • Speaking signs, 135 f.
  • Spread eagle, 117.
  • Star, 72, 86, 87, 140, 185, 225.
  • Star and garter, 113.
  • Stella maris, 86.
  • Stork, 36, 90.
  • Striped donkey, 92.
  • Sugar Loaf, 275.
  • Sun, 38, 39, 86 f., 138, 284 (illus.).
  • Surgeon’s sign, 147 f.
  • Swan, 95, 229, 239.
  • Swan and horse shoe, 215.
  • Sword, 80.
  • Tabard, 80, 237.
  • Tavern, 29.
  • Temps gagné, le, 256.
  • Tessera hospitalis, 19.
  • Tête noire, 176.
  • Three angels, 13.
  • Three crowns, 220.
  • Three jolly sailors, 85.
  • Three Kings, 185, 192 f., 210.
  • Three Madonnas, 46.
  • Three Moors, 193 f.
  • Three nuns and a hare, 267.
  • Three squirrels, 262 (illus.).
  • Tiger, 103, 111.
  • Tres tabernæ, 29.
  • Trinité, 71.
  • Trois ponts d’or, 177.
  • Unicorne, 83, 93.
  • Union Hotel, 199.
  • Vertumnus and Pomona, 150.
  • Washington, 200.
  • We are three, 159.
  • Wellington, 206.
  • We three asses, 159.
  • White hart, 201, 246, 251.
  • White horse, 45, 82, 174, 257.
  • Wild man, 203.
  • Wo der Fuchs den Enten predigt, 95.
  • Wooden Indian, 151.
  • Wool pack, 247.
  • Wreath, 17 f., 30, 32, 134, 136.
  • Zebra, 92.
  • Zu den Slaraffen, 94.
  • Zum Anker, 85.
  • Zum Engel, 226.
  • Zum Geiste, 90, 229.
  • Zum guldin Schooffe, 86.
  • Zum Kameeltier, 92.
  • Zum Kindli, 71 (illus.), 287.
  • Zum Ochsen, 133.
  • Zum Ritter, 63.
  • Zum Rössle, 83 (illus.).
  • Zum Rohraff, 91.
  • Zum Rosenkrantz, 194.
  • Zum wilden Mann, 38 (illus.).
  • Zur Linde, 122.
  • Zur Schlange, 136.