2502 C. I. A., II, 3, 1303; see L. Ross, Die Demen von Attika, 1846, pp. 80 and 111.
2503 C. I. A., II, 3, 1319; Le Bas, Voyage archéologique, I, Attique, no. 595. The inscription appears to belong to the fourth century B. C.
2504 Phorystas won as κῆρυξ some time toward the end of the fourth century B. C., i. e., in the time of the artist Kaphisias: see Loewy, on the inscription cited in the following note. Foerster, 405, proposes Ol. (?) 117 ( = 312 B. C.).
2505 C. I. G., I, 1582; Kaibel, Epigr. Gr. ex lapid. conlecta, 1878, no. 938; Loewy, I. G. B., 119; Collitz and Bechtel, Samml. d. gr. Dialekt-Inschr., 1883–90, no. 945.
2506 I. G. B., 120. See Foerster, under no. 405.
2507 Aristophon won παγκράτιον some time between Ols. (?) 115 and 130 ( = 320 and 260 B. C.), as we infer from the date of the inscription from the base of his statue at Olympia: see Inschr. v. Ol., no. 169. Cf. Hyde, 123 and p. 51. Foerster, 758 (following Rutgers, p. 122) had left the victory undated.
2508 C. I. A., II, 3, 1475. See Ross, Die Demen von Attika, no. 70; Le Bas, Attique, no. 115.
2509 Strabo, XII, 4.2 (= C. 624).
2510 Attalos won ἅρματι πώλων some time during the reign of his older brother Philetairos, founder of the Attalid dynasty, i. e., between Ols. 124 and 129 ( = 284 and 264 B. C.): see Foerster, 436. An epigram of the philosopher Arkesilaos of Pitane (mentioned by Foerster), celebrating the chariot-race of this Attalos, is preserved by Diog. Laert., IV, 6.30; cf. Fraenkel on the inscription, no. 10 (see next note).
2511 Inschr v. Pergamon (ed. Fraenkel), 1890, I, nos. 10–12; cf. I. G. B., no. 157.
2512 He won παγκράτιον ἀνδρῶν in Ol. 211 ( = 67 A. D.): P., X, 36.9.
2513 A. Z., XL, 1882, p. 110.
2514 P., VI, 22.2.
2515 Ibid.
2516 P., VI, 22.3; 4.2; cf. 8.3 (where Eubotas won τεθρίππῳ, no. 17 supra).
2517 V, pp. 454–455; cf. Hitz.-Bluemn., III, 2, p. 829.
2518 Vit. Apoll. Tyan., V, 7.
2519 Suetonius, Nero, 24; Dio Cassius, LXIII, 14. Foerster, 642–647.
2520 Cf. also Schubart, Pausanias u. seine Anklaeger, Jb. f. cl. Philologie, XXIX, 1883, pp. 472 f.; Brunn, ibid., XXX, 1884, p. 24; and Foerster, 641 and under no. 638.
2521 T. Phlabios Artemidoros won παγκράτιον twice. He was also περιοδονίκης. The Magna Capitolia, in which he was also victor, were instituted by Domitian in 86 A. D.; Foerster, 657, 661, proposes Ols. (?) 215 and 216 ( = 81 and 85 A. D.) for the two victories.
2522 C. I. G., III, 5806; Kaibel, Inscript. Gr. Sicil. et Ital., 1890, no. 746.
2523 T. Phlabios Metrobios won δόλιχος, first of his countrymen, in Ol. 217 ( = 89 A. D.): cf. Boeckh on the inscription (see next note) and Rutgers, p. 91, n. 2; Foerster, 665. He was also περιοδονίκης and won δόλιχος at the Capitolia in Rome, as “first of all men.”
2524 C. I. G., II, 2682.
2525 Sarapion won πὺξ παίδων in Ol. 217 ( = 89 A. D.): P., VI, 23.6. Cf. Foerster, 667; Rutgers, p. 91, n. 3, who doubts whether Sarapion was an Olympic victor, though Pausanias says that he was.
2526 I. e., Sarapion, from Alexandria, who won στάδιον in Ol. 204 ( = 37 A. D.): Afr.; Foerster, 620; Rutgers, p. 86; another Sarapion, from Alexandria, who, Pausanias (V. 21.18) says, came to Olympia in Ol. 201 ( = 25 A. D.) to enter the παγκράτιον, but ran away the day before the contest and was fined for cowardice; Sarapion of Magnesia ad Sipylum, victor in an unknown contest and at an unknown date, known from an inscription from Tralles: C. I. G., II, 2933; Foerster, 824; Rutgers, p. 156.
2527 M. Aurelios Demetrios won παγκράτιον some time before his son’s victory in the same contest in Ol. 240 ( = 181 A. D.), as we learn from the inscription mentioned in the next note; cf. Rutgers, p. 96; Foerster, 719. Foerster, 682, therefore proposes Ol. (?) 225 ( = 121 A. D.) for the father’s victory; cf. Rutgers, p. 122. Both father and son were περιοδονῖκαι. The father was called ὁ παράδοξος.
2528 C. I. G., III, 5912, 5913, and 5914; Kaibel, Inscript. Gr. Sicil. et Ital., 1102–1104.
2529 This victor won πάλη ἀνδρῶν, first of his countrymen, in Ol. 229 ( = 137 A. D.); date from the inscription (see next note); Foerster, 691.
2530 B. C. H., XI, 1887, pp. 80 f. (P. Foucart).
2531 Kranaos won στάδιον in Ol. 231 ( = 145 A. D.): Afr.; and πένταθλον twice, δίαυλος once, and as ὁπλίτης once, according to Pausanias (II, 11.8), but in unknown Olympiads: Foerster, 697, 702–703, 707–708. He dates the four last victories in Ols. (?) 232 and 233 ( = 149 and 153 A. D.).
Most writers have identified the Granianos of Pausanias with Kranaos of Africanus, as both are from Sikyon; cf. Rutgers, p. 94 and n. 1. Kalkmann, Pausanias der Perieget, p. 74, note 6, however, is doubtful of the identification.
2532 T. Ailios Aurelios Apollonios won as κῆρυξ during the reign of Antoninus Pius ( = 138–161 A. D.): cf. Dittenberger on the inscription (see next note). Foerster, 700, proposes Ol. (?) 231 ( = 145 A. D.). He was περιοδονίκης.
2533 C. I. A., III, 120 (Dittenberger).
2534 Mnasiboulos won στάδιον in Ol. 235 ( = 161 A. D.): Afr., and P., X, 34.5; and as ὁπλίτης in Ol. 235: P., ibid. He was περιοδονίκης in both events: Foerster, nos. 712–713. His son of the same name had a statue in the temple of Athena Kranaia at Elateia, whose marble inscribed plate has been recovered: see B. C. H., XI, 1887, p. 342, no. 13 (P. Paris).
2535 Aurelios Toalios won (?) παγκράτιον twice in the time of Alexander Severus ( = 222–235 A. D.): see Holleaux and Paris on the inscription (see next note). Foerster, 735–736, proposes Ols. (?) 251 and 252 ( = 225 and 229 A. D.).
2536 B. C. H., X, 1886, pp. 233 f., no. 13.
2537 Aurelios Metrodorus won παγκράτιον about the time of Alexander Severus (see Boeckh, on the inscription mentioned in the next note). Foerster, 737, proposes Ol. (?) 253 ( = 233 A. D.).
2538 C. I. G., III, 3676.
2539 Valerios Eklektos won as κῆρυξ four times in Ols. 256, 258, 259, and 260 ( = 245, 253, 257, and 261 A. D.): see inscription mentioned in the next note; Foerster, 741–744. He was περιοδονίκης thrice (= τρισπερίοδος), and won 80 crowns in various games.
2540 Inschr. v. Ol., 242–243; A. Z., XXXVIII, 1880, pp. 164 f., no. 369.
2541 C. I. A., III, 129 (Dittenberger).
2542 Klaudios Rhouphos won (?) πάλη or (?) πύξ or (?) παγκράτιον near the beginning of the fourth century A. D. (see Kaibel and the inscription mentioned in the next note); Foerster, 748–749, and Rutgers, p. 154. He was twice περιοδονίκης.
2543 C. I. G., III, 5910; Kaibel, Inscript. Gr. Sicil. et Ital., no. 1107, p. 299.
2544 Philoumenos won (?) πάλη, according to Rutgers, p. 98, n. 3, either in Ol. 288 ( = 373 A. D.) or certe non multo prius (on the basis of the passage in Panodoros cited in the following note). He is also mentioned in a Roman inscription given by Rutgers, ibid. Foerster, 750.
2545 Ap. Cramer, Anecd. gr. Parisiensia, 1839–41, II, p. 155, 17 (quoted by Foerster); Preger, Inscr. Gr. metricae, no. 133.
2546 Ainetos was victor in πένταθλον. Cf. Rutgers, p. 112; Foerster, 754, who wrongly gives the contest as πύξ.
2547 Nikokles, according to Pausanias, l. c., won five prizes in running δρόμος in two Olympiads. Foerster, under nos. 788–792, explains these words by arranging victories in δίαυλος, δόλιχος, and as ὁπλίτης in one Olympiad, and two of these contests in the next; none of them could have been in στάδιον, since his name does not appear in Africanus. Cf. Rutgers, pp. 105–106, 107, and 126. Le Bas long ago (R. arch., II, 1845, p. 220) connected a restored inscription with this victor.
2548 Aigistratos won πάλη παίδων: Foerster, 806.
2549 C. I. G., II, 2527.
2550 He won in an unknown contest and was three times περιοδονίκης, gaining 35 crowns at various games. Cf. Foerster, 825–827.
2551 C. I. G., I, 1715.
2552 Ross, Arch. Aufsaetze, 1855–1861, I, pp. 163 f; C. I. A., I, 376; I. G. B., 39; E. S. Roberts, An Introduction to Greek Epigraphy, I, 1887, 68a.
2553 Rhein. Mus., XVI, 1861, p. 224.
2554 Hermes, XII, 1877, p. 345 and n. 29.
2555 E. g., by R. Schoell, Hermes, XIII, 1878, p. 437; cf. Gurlitt, Ueber Pausanias, pp. 158 f., Loewy on the inscription, and Hitz.-Bluemn., I, 1, p. 261.
2556 IX, 105.
2557 C. I. A., I, 402; I. G. B., 46; Ross, Arch. Aufsaetze, I, pp 168 f. This is possibly to be connected with the statue of the Volneratus deficiens mentioned by Pliny, H. N., XXXIV, 74. See supra, p. 199. However, the lettering is not later than 444 B. C., while Diitrephes is known to have been living as late as 411: Thukyd., VIII, 64.
2558 Th. Bergk, Zeitschr. f. d. Altertumswissensch., III, 1845, pp. 961 f.; Wilamowitz, Hermes, XII, 1877, p. 346; Furtwaengler, A. M., V, 1880, p. 28 and n. 2; cf., however, Gurlitt, op. cit., pp. 159 f.; Robert, Die Marathonschlacht in der Poikile und Weiteres ueber Polygnot, 18stes Hallisches Winckelmannsprogr., 1895, p. 22; Hitz.-Bluemn., I, i, pp. 255 f. and 262 f.
2559 II, p. 289; cf. ibid., pp. 275 f.
2560 Jb., VII, 1892, pp. 185 f. Cf. the remarks of Gercke, ibid., VIII, 1893, pp. 113 f.
2561 III, 75; IV, 119 and 129.
2562 Mw., pp. 278 f.
2563 Vit. X Orat., IV (Isokrates), 42, (p. 839 c.) It was in the ball-court of the Arrephoroi. The same author, IV, 41, (839b), also mentions a bronze statue (with inscription) of Isokrates set up by the orator’s adopted son Aphareus. See supra, pp. 24 and 281. I assume that these two passages refer to one and the same monument.
2564 Three victors, Ladas (no. 11), Agias (no. 14), and Sarapion (no. 30), had two statues each. Theagenes (no. 10) had several, according to Pausanias, who, however, mentions only one definitely. We have omitted from our total the statue set up by T. Phlabios Artemidoros (28a) to his father.
2565 We have here included the tablet of Chionis at Sparta (no. 1), a victor of the seventh century B. C., whose monument, however, was erected in the fifth century B. C.
2566 Including the two Lysippan statues of Agias, a victor of the fifth century, B. C.
2567 Of the 192 monuments referred to 187 victors mentioned by Pausanias in his victor periegesis at Olympia, only 153, belonging to 148 victors, can be exactly or approximately dated. Of these, 33 monuments (referred to 32 victors) belong to the epoch prior to the approximate date of the founding of the temple of Zeus, i. e., prior to Ol. 77 ( = 472 B. C.); 51 monuments (referred to 50 victors) from this date on, to the approximate date of the battle of Aigospotamoi (B. C. 404), i. e., down to Ol. 93 ( = 408 B. C.); 36 monuments (referred to 34 victors) from then on, to about the time of the birth of Alexander the Great, i. e., to Ol. 106 ( = 356 B. C.); and 33 monuments (referred to 32 victors) from that date, to the close of the description of the athlete periegesis, i. e., from Ols. 107 to 149 ( = 352 to 184 B. C.). See Hyde, op. cit., Ch. IV, pp. 72 sq., and supra, pp. 352–3. (In my victor lists, op. cit., pp. 3–24, I have enumerated 188 victors; however, Philon of Kerkyra is listed twice, nos. 91 and 136, for two different statues.) Of these 153 monuments, nearly one-half (i. e., 74) belong properly to the fifth century (Ols. 70 to 94 = 500 to 404 B. C.).
2568 Pausanias mentions 192 (referred to 187 victors, as above); we have found in the present chapter that 63 others (referred to 61 victors) are known from inscribed base fragments found at Olympia; and that 47 (referred to 44 victors) are known from literary sources as having stood elsewhere. If we deduct 10 victors who had monuments both at Olympia and elsewhere, we have a grand total of 282 victors, in whose honor these 302 monuments of various kinds were erected.
2569 See Hyde, pp. v-vi, for an alphabetic list of sculptors mentioned by Pausanias, or known from the recovered bases of statues at Olympia. See supra, p. 339, n. 1, end.
2570 Lysippos made two statues honoris causa for Pythes, son of Andromachos, of Abdera: P., VI, 14.12; Hyde, 134a. Mikon made two statues for King Hiero of Syracuse, one represented on foot and the other on horseback, which I have classed as “honor” statues: P., VI, 12.2; Hyde, 105a. All the “honor” statues at Olympia named by Pausanias are listed in the work cited, on p. v.
2571 H. N., Bk. XXXIV, passim. One other sculptor, Kratinos, named by Pausanias, is noted by Pliny as a painter only: ibid., XXXV, 140 and 147.
INDEX.
- Aberdeen head, 87.
- Academy, festival in honor of Athenian soldiers at the, 11.
- Achæans, games among, 20;
-
Achaia, erects victor statue at Olympia, 30;
- Pausanias’ account of, 323.
-
Achilleae, definition of, 92, note 6;
- statues, 87, 226.
- Achilles, casts solos at games of Patroklos, 218;
- Acrobats, among Athenians, 5;
- Actors, statues of victorious, at Olympia, 285.
- Adlocutio, gesture of, 132.
- Admetos, boxing match with Mopsos, on chest of Kypselos, 285.
- Adonis(?), statue of, 74.
- Adorantes se feminae, statues by Apellas, 131.
- Adoration and prayer, as athletic motives, 130f.
-
Aegean civilization, 1f.;
- unathletic character of, 7.
-
Aegina, games on, 20;
- date of gable statues from temple of Aphaia, 125;
- gable statues from temple of Aphaia, 123f.;
- influence of sculptors on “Apollo” statues, 102;
- kneeling Herakles, from East gable, 195;
- movement in gable statues, 176;
- observation of nature in, 244;
- runners, from West gable, 195;
- sculptors from, 122f.;
- sculptors in favor at Olympia, 264;
- temple of Aphaia on, 123f.
- Aeginetans, at battle of Salamis, 125.
- Aelian, on bronze horses of Kimon, 363.
- Aesthetic judgments of classical writers, 58.
-
Africanus, list of stade victors in, 191;
- on omission of 211th Olympiad, 369.
-
Agamemnon, prize of, 8;
- the Agamemnon of Aischylos, 75.
- Agasias, sculptor, 208.
- Agathinos, statue at Olympia, 345.
-
Age, classification of Greek athletes by, 189;
- in Plato’s Republic, 189.
- Ageladas; see Hagelaïdas, 190.
- Agenor, statue at Olympia, 30, 118.
- Agesarchos, statue at Olympia, 129.
- Agiadas, statue at Olympia, 123.
-
Agias, statue at Delphi, 46, 365, 366;
- statue at Pharsalos, 366;
- careless finish of Delphian statue, 304;
- compared with Apoxyomenos of Vatican, 289;
- compared with Farnese Herakles, 253;
- epigram on base of statue, 328;
- as example of assimilation, 94;
- fillet on, 150;
- as statue “double,” 304;
- as statue of a pancratiast, 292;
- supplants Apoxyomenos as norm of Lysippos, 290, 291f.;
- swollen ear of, 168;
- why considered copy, 303f., 316.
- Agids, tomb in Sparta, 362.
- Agilochos, statue at Olympia, 357.
- Agon (Contest), figure in group of Mikythos, 164, 215.
- Agorakritos, sculptor, 182.
- Agrippa, M., removes the Apoxyomenos to Rome, 289.
- Aiakos, games in honor of, 20.
- Aigion, boy from, chosen as priest for his beauty, 57.
- Aigistratos, Olympic victor statue at Lindos, 372.
-
Aigospotamoi, battle of, 352;
- memorial at Delphi, 278.
- Aigyptos, equestrian monument at Olympia, 120, 267, 279.
- Ainetos, statue at Amyklai, 371.
- Aischines, statue at Olympia, 29, 214, 346.
-
Aischylos, on ἀγώνιοι θεοί, 75;
- Agamemnon of, 75.
- Aischylos, victor relief, in honor of the Dioskouroi, 96, 97.
-
Ajax, acrobatic feat of, 3;
- combat with Diomedes, 8;
- on r.-f. Etruscan stamnos, 132.
- Akarnania, 318.
- Akastos, games of, depicted on chest of Kypselos and on throne of Apollo at Amyklai, 12.
- Akestorides, statue at Olympia, 345, 354.
- Akontistai; see Javelin-throwers. Akousilaos, statue at Olympia, 130, 165.
-
Akragas, bronze statue dedicated at Olympia by people of, 130;
- decadrachm of, 48.
-
Akropolis at Athens, Aeginetan bronze head from, 123;
- Argive bronze head from, 114, 115;
- athlete statue from, 115, 127;
- chariot-race relief from, 128;
- ephebe head, yellow-haired, from, 116;
- excavations of, 126;
- Hermes relief from, 270;
- Korai from, 115, 126;
- la petite boudeuse from, 115;
- pre-Persian sculptures from, 126f.;
- Old Temple of Athena on, 128, 271.
- Akroteria, winged figures as, 177.
- Aktion, “Apollos” from, 103, 334.
- Alabastron, on statue of Milo at Olympia, 107.
- Alexander the Great, bust of, from Alexandria, 316;
- Alexander Sarcophagus, so-called, in Constantinople, 275.
- Alexinikos, statue at Olympia, 122.
- Alkainetos, statue at Olympia, 343, 352.
- Alkamenes, and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 89;
- Alkandridas, P. Ailios, statue at Olympia, 360.
- Alketos, statue at Olympia, 120, 344.
- Alki, temple of Apollo at, 336.
-
Alkibiades, victor at Olympia, 257;
- so-called Alkibiades of the Vatican, 199.
- Alkibios, base of statue of, from Akropolis, 284.
- Alkinoos, King of Scheria, 210.
- Alkmena, 10.
- Alpheios, river at Olympia, 49, 258.
- Altars, at Olympia: of Aphrodite, 351;
-
Altis at Olympia, East Byzantine wall of, 345, 357;
- erection of statues in, 27, 99;
- excavation of, 24;
- honor statues in, 339;
- location of earliest statues in, 299;
- North Byzantine wall of, 359;
- periegesis of Pausanias in, 151, 298;
- positions of victor statues in, 339f.;
- processional entrance of, 347;
- processional way of, 348;
- Roman enlargement of, 348;
- routes (ἔφοδοι) of Pausanias in, 339f.;
- South Terrace wall of, 346;
- South wall of, 339, 341, 345, 347, 352, 357;
- Southwest gate of, 360;
- statues “within,” 347;
- topography of, 339;
- West Byzantine wall of, 358;
- West wall of, 347, 355f.
- Alypos, sculptor, 120.
- Amaltheia, ivory horn of, at Olympia, 264, 265.
- Amastris, coin of, showing figure of Hermes, 78.
-
Amazon, of Polykleitos, 159;
- torso of Atalanta from Tegea pediment, draped as, 306.
- Ambrakia, 105.
-
Amelung, W., on supposed absence of libation-pouring in athletic art, 140;
- on head in Turin, 93;
- on statuette in Vatican, 212, 244.
- Amenartas; see Amenerdis. Amenerdis, Egyptian queen, statue of, 331.
- Amenemhat III, co-regent of Horfuabra, 330.
- Amentum; see Thong. Amertas, statue of, at Olympia, 117.
-
Amphiaraos vase, in Berlin, 13, 269, 280;
- Amphiaraos, on chest of Kypselos, 269;
- reliefs in honor of, 273.
- Amphiareion, at Oropos, 272, 273.
- Amphidamas, games of, 19.
- Amphiktyonic League, 17.
- Amphion, sculptor, 277.
- Amphipolis, games at, 11.
- Amyklai, temple of Apollo at, 19.
-
Amykos, boxing match of, with Polydeukes, 269;
- invention of boxing-gloves ascribed to, 236.
- Amyntas, statue at Olympia, 129, 354.
- Analogy, in Greek art, 66.
- Anatomy, knowledge of, in Greek sculpture, 56;
- Anauchidas, statue at Olympia, 341.
- Anaxandros, statue at Olympia, 130, 266.
- Anaxilas, as dedicator of Delphi Charioteer, 278.
- Ancestors, worship of, in Greece, 14.
- Ancient writings of the Eleans, 15.
- Andokides, vase-painter, 229, 230.
- Andreas, sculptor, 118.
-
Angelion, sculptor, 122, 304, 334.
- See also Tektaios.
- Aniconic statues, 58.
- Anochos, statue at Olympia, 110, 111.
- Anointing, as athletic motive, 133f. Antaios, bout with Herakles, on proto-Attic amphora, 13.
- Antenor, sculptor, 174, 175.
- Anthologies, Greek, 43, 239, 368.
- Anthropometry in Greek sculpture, 68.
- Antidotos, painter, 29, 233.
- Antigenes, statue at Olympia, 357.
- Antignotos, sculptor, 136.
- Antigonos, statue at Olympia, 346.
-
Antikythera, bronze statue of youth from sea near, 80f.;
- statuette from sea near, 78, 79.
- Antioch, date of founding of, 121.
-
Antipatros, statue at Olympia, 118;
- father of, bribed by Syracuse, 33.
- Antoninus Pius, coins of, showing pine, 21.
- Apellas, sculptor, 131, 267, 367.
-
Aphaia, temple of, on Aegina, 123f.
Aphrodeisios, Tiberios Klaudios, statue at Olympia, 359;
- victor in horse-race, 262.
-
Aphrodite, altar at Olympia, 351;
- statue in Heraion at Olympia, 326;
- temple at Naukratis, 334.
- Apobates, chariot-race, 272f.;
- Apollas, lost work of, on Olympic victors, 45, 130, 343.
-
Apollo, as athlete, 88;
- beaten in running, 76;
- beats Ares in boxing, 88, 235, 285;
- beats Hermes in running, 88, 285;
- as charioteer, 129, 270;
- combat with Herakles, 88, 89;
- cult statue of, represented on vases, 335;
- as god of boxing at Delphi, 235;
- as god of boxing in Homer, 235;
- as god of contests, 75;
- as god of youth, 88;
- hymn to, 25;
- on coins of Athens, 90;
- on relief in Capitoline, 89;
- on relief with Artemis and Leto, in Louvre, 284;
- tripods in worship of, 19.
- Statues: Apollo Alexikakos, by Kalamis, 90;
- from temple of Apollo at Alki, 336;
- from Delos, 334, 335;
- colossal, from Delos, 336;
- from Mausoleion, 311;
- colossal, from Olympia, 91;
- Philesian Apollo, by elder Kanachos, 107, 118, 336;
- from Porto d’Anzio, 144;
- Praxitelian, in Medici Gardens, Rome, 313;
- from West gable, Olympia, 114–116.
- Statuettes: bronze from Naxos, in Berlin, 74, 119;
- Payne Knight bronze, British Museum, 108, 119;
- bronze, from Piombino, Louvre, 118;
- Sciarra bronze, Rome, 119.
- Temples: of Apollo Lykios, 364;
- at Bassai, 327;
- at Naukratis, 334.
-
“Apollo,” type of, in sculpture, 100f.;
- Aeginetan influence on, 102;
- Choiseul-Gouffier, 89f., 91, 148;
- funerary in character, 336, 337;
- “grinning” and “stolid” groups, 100;
- name “Apollo,” 337;
- name rightly applied to statues found in sanctuaries of Apollo, 334–336;
- nudity of, 48;
- represents early victor statues, 334f.;
- on-the-Omphalos, 89f., 168.
-
Statues of: from Aktion, 103, 334;
- from Cyprus, 337;
- from Delphi, 148;
- colossal, from Megara, 336;
- from Melos, 100f.;
- from Mount Ptoion, 100–103, 120, 123, 334;
- from Naukratis, 334;
- from Naxos, 328, 334;
- from Orchomenos, 100, 101, 103, 328, 334;
- from Pompeii, 111;
- from Tenea, 100f., 127, 148, 327, 328, 336;
- from Thera, 100f., 327, 337;
- from Volomandra, 100, 104, 337.
- Apollonia, head from, 157.
-
Apollonios, sculptor, 168, 224;
- quoted by Philostratos, 107.
- Apollonios, T. Ailios Aurelios, Olympic victor, statue at Athens, 370.
- Apollonios, victor at Olympia, fined by the umpires, 34.
-
Apoxyomenos, the, after Lysippos, 74;
- statue in Vatican, 136, 288f.;
- pose of, 81, 99;
- regarded formerly as center of stylistic treatment of Lysippos, 288;
- so regarded by some scholars now, 291;
- present doubts of, 290;
- display of anatomical knowledge in, 289;
- compared with the Agias, 289f.;
- as work of Lysippos’ school, 292;
- of third century B. C., 292;
- Apoxyomenos of Polykleitos, 136;
- statue in Uffizi as, 136, 137, 168.
- Apples, prizes at Delphi, 21, 107, 182.
- Aratos, statesman, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
- Aratos, victor, painting of, 29.
- Archaism, break with, in the statue of the ephebe from the Akropolis, 115.
- Archedamos, statue at Olympia, 120.
- Archemoros, 10.
- Archery, in Homer, 8.
- Archiadas, statue at Olympia, 358.
- Archias, victor statue at Delphi, 368.
- Archidamas, chariot victor, statue at Olympia, 265.
- Archidamas III, King of Sparta, statues at Olympia, 42.
- Archippos, statue at Olympia, 346.
- Ares, beaten by Apollo in boxing, 235, 285;
- Argeiadas, sculptor, 110.
-
Argive “Apollos” from Delphi, 104, 106;
- Argive and Sikyonian canons, 68.
-
Argos, canon of early sculptors of, 68;
- characteristics of sculptors of, 116;
- Nemean games held at, 17;
- prizes at, 20;
- public chariot of, victorious at Olympia, 31, 257;
- public horse of, victorious at Olympia, 31, 257;
- school of sculptors from, 58, 109f., 105;
- schools of Argos and Sikyon, 109f.;
- square shoulders of canon of sculptors from, 112.
- Arion, victor statue on Helikon, 284.
- Aristarchos, statue at Olympia, 358.
- Aristeides, the Elder, painter, 29.
- Aristeus, statue, at Olympia, 344.
- Aristion, statue at Olympia, 46, 88, 117, 159 and note 3, 240, 345.
-
Aristion, stele of, 124, 127.
- See Aristokles.
- Aristodamos, statue at Olympia, 356.
- Aristodemos, statue at Olympia, 120.
-
Aristogeiton, statue of, 173f.
- See also Harmodios and Tyrannicides.
- Aristokles, Cretan sculptor of Sikyon, 118, 120.
- Aristokles, sculptor of Aristion stele, 127.
- Ariston, of Rhegion, kitharoidos, 284.
- Ariston, P. Kornelios, statue at Olympia, 359.
- Aristonikos of Egypt, beaten at Olympia, 147.
- Aristonikos of Karystos, ball-player, 84.
-
Aristophanes, 36, 246;
- scholia on, 110, 363.
- Aristophanes, of Byzantion, 367.
-
Aristophon, statue at Olympia, 31, 345, 368;
- at Athens, 368.
- Aristotimos, 42.
- Aristotle, honor statue at Olympia, 42;
-
Arkadia, funeral games in, 9, 20;
- Pausanias’ description of, 326;
- statue of unnamed boxer from, at Olympia, 245.
- Arkas, father of Azan, 9.
- Arkesilaos, of Sparta, statue at Olympia, 29.
- Arkesilas IV, of Kyrene, chariot victor at Olympia 257;
-
Arm, right, of boy victor, from Olympia, 46;
- bronze right arm from statue of Olympic victor, 322.
- Armed contest, in early Greek art, 8–9.
-
Armor, race in; see Hoplite-race.
Arndt, P., on so-called Jason, of Louvre, 87;
- on the Perinthos and allied heads, 180.
- Arolsen, statuette of diskobolos in, 187.
- Arrhachion, crowned after death, 247;
- Ars statuaria, defined by Pliny, 302.
- Artemas, P. Ailios, statue at Olympia, 360.
- Artemidoros, Olympic victor, 354.
- Artemidoros, T. Phlabios, statue in Naples, 369.
- Artemis, on Sparta relief, 284.
- Artemisia, chariot-group of, 264.
- Artists, statues of, at Olympia, 285.
- Arvanitopoullos, A. S., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81, 84.
-
Aryballos, 74, 119, 137, 138, 212;
- on vase-paintings, 133;
- wrongly as wrestler attribute, 165.
- Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, head of Diadoumenos in, 154.
- Asiatics, wear loin-cloth, 48.
- Asios, fragment of, 52.
- Asklepiades, M. Aurelios, dedicates statue in Rome to father, 370.
- Asklepiades, P., dedicates bronze diskos at Olympia, 22, 360.
- Asklepieion, the, at Athens, statues in, 130.
- Asklepios, temple at Sikyon, 370.
- Assimilation of statues of men to god and hero types, 71f.;
- Assurbanipal, reliefs from palace of, at Nineveh, 330.
-
Assyro-Babylonian art, reliefs of, represented in motion, 177;
- influence on early Greek art, 329.
- Astragalos, base in form of, at Olympia, 240.
- Astylos, bribed by Hiero of Syracuse, 33;
- Asymmetry, example of, 70.
-
Atalanta, soul of, chooses body of athlete, in Plato’s myth of Er, 36;
- statue of, from Tegea, 306, 310, 316.
- Athena, Alea, temple at Tegea, 306;
- Athenæus, 57, 284.
- Athenaia; see Panathenaia. Athenaios, statue at Olympia, 244, 343, 353.
-
Athens, athletes at, divided into two classes according to age, 189;
- coins of, showing Apollo, 90;
- statues of victors in, 26–27;
- Gymnasion of Ptolemy at, 166.
-
Athletes: barefoot and bareheaded, 48;
- head of, in Capitoline called Juba II, 166;
- head of, in Metropolitan Museum, showing swollen ears, 168;
- statue of, in Copenhagen resembling the Agias, 293;
- statue found at Ephesos, 137, 138;
- two statues in lunging attitude, in Dresden, 292;
- statue from Palazzo Farnese, now in London, 293;
- statue of late style in Lansdowne House, London, 180;
- statues of, adorn palæstræ and gymnasia, 297;
- statues of, assimilated to types of Apollo, 88f.;
- of the Dioskouroi, 96–97;
- of Herakles, 93f.;
- of Hermes, 75f.;
- bronze statuette in Louvre, 213, 214; etc.
- Athletics, origin and early history of Greek, 1f.;
-
Attalos, base of victor statue of Attalos, father of Attalos I, at Pergamon, 368;
- Portico of, in Athens, 368.
- Attic sculptors, 126f.;
- Attributes of victor statues, 147f.;
-
Augustus, coins of, showing celery, 21;
- enlarges privileges of athletes in Rome, 33;
- statue from Primaporta, 82.
- Aura, victorious mare of Pheidolas, 279.
- Aurelius, M. Antoninus, 43.
- Authors; see Poets, Prose-writers. Autolykos, statue in Athens, 27.
- Autun, statuette of pancratiast from, in Louvre, 167, 250.
- Aves, the, of Aristophanes, quoted, 206.
- Azan, games of, in Arkadia, 9, 259.
- Bacchiadas, flutist, statue on Helikon, 284.
- Bacchylides, 10, 36.
-
Ball-playing (σφαιρίζειν), in antiquity, 83, 84;
- game known as φανίνδα, 84;
- Spartan origin of, 84.
-
Barbarians, invade Greece in Middle Ages, 322;
- destroy victor statues at Olympia, 43.
-
Barberini Palace, Rome, statue in, 142;
- estate of the Barberini, 50.
- Barracco Collection, Rome, athlete statue in, 156.
- Bases; see Victor statue bases. Bassai, temple of Apollo Epikourios at, 327.
- Bates, W. N., on interpretation of head of boy statue from Sparta, 305.
- Bathykles, sculptor, 12.
- Battos of Kyrene, group of, dedicated at Delphi, 277.
- Baukis, statue at Olympia, 117.
- Beauty, contest of, among women, in Arkadia, 57;
- Bellerophon, on Chimæra tomb, Xanthos, 271.
- Belvedere Hermes, statue in Vatican, 72.
- Beneventum, head from, in Louvre, 63.
- Beni-Hasan, Egypt, wall-paintings at, 1, 228.
-
Benndorf, on Boboli athlete in Florence, 180;
- on epigram relative to Ladas, 197;
- on Pliny’s nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 250.
- Bieber, Fräulein, on various artistic tendencies in the Daochos group, 291.
- Bigae and quadrigae, mentioned by Pliny, 264.
- Biting, prohibited in pankration, 246.
- Biton (?), statue of, from Delphi, 105.
- Bloch, on the Uffizi Apoxyomenos, 137.
-
Boboli athlete in Florence, 180;
- Hermes, 85.
- Boeckh, on division of athletes according to age at Athens, 189.
- Boëdromion, month of, 18.
- Bœotian games in Thebes, statues erected for, 26.
- Boetticher, on Praxitelian origin of head from Olympia, 294.
- Bologna, r.-f. krater in, 90.
- Bonus Eventus (?), statue found in Rhine, 276.
- Boreas, winged, on relief in Metropolitan Museum, 194.
- Borghese Warrior (Gladiator), statue by Agasias, 169, 208, 209, 290.
- Borsdorf, bronze bowl from, 231.
- Bosanquet, R. C., on bronze statuette found in sea off Antikythera, 79.
- Boudeuse, la petite, statue from Akropolis, 115.
- Bouleuterion; see Council-house.
- Bouprasion, Nestor contends at, 9.
- Bow, attribute of Philesian Apollo, 119.
- Boxer Vase, from Hagia Triada, 6, 7, 235.
-
Boxers, bases of statues of, at Olympia, 240, 241;
- bearded, on University of Pennsylvania Panathenaic amphora, 239;
- between groups of warriors and dancers on an eighth century B. C. vase, 13;
- boxer known as “man with crushed ear,” 167;
- on Boxer Vase, 6, 7;
- bronze head of boxer or pancratiast, from Olympia, 146, 254, 255, 322;
- on bronze shield from Mount Ida, 235;
- caps of, 165f.;
- head in Munich, with swollen ears, 63, 168;
- positions of, on vases, 239;
- pyctae (?), by Myron, 188;
- on pyxis, from Knossos, 7;
- on r.-f. kylix in the British Museum, 239;
- on r.-f. kylix of Douris, 239;
- Seated Boxer, of Museo delle Terme, 145f.;
- statues of, represented in motion, 243;
- statue of, with Diadoumenos motive, 155;
- statue in Kassel, 242;
- statue in Lansdowne House, London, 155;
- statue in Palazzo Albani, Rome, 165;
- statue from Sorrento, 242;
- statuette of, from Olympia, 28, 244;
- swollen ear of, 240, 241.
-
Boxing, 234f.;
- antiquity of, 235;
- in Crete, 3, 5, 6, 7, 235;
- in Homer, 8, 234;
- invented by Theseus, 235;
- more dangerous than pankration, 246;
- most popular sport at Olympia, 235;
- one of oldest sports, 234;
- when introduced at Olympia, 235;
- boys’ contest, when introduced at Olympia, 235;
- painful character of, 234f.;
- two periods of, 235;
- at Sparta, 167;
- on vases, 239.
-
Boxing-gloves, 235f.;
- on Boxer Vase, 7, 235;
- in Crete, 235;
- in Homer, 235;
- described by Pausanias and Philostratos, 236;
- forms of, 236;
- heavy (σφαῖραι or ἱμάντες ὀξεῖς), 235f.;
- soft (ἱμάντες λεπτοί or μειλίχαι) 235f.;
- method of putting on, 236;
- not used in pankration, 246;
- soft, on bronze arm found in sea off Antikythera, 236;
- on fist from Verona, 238;
- on forearms of Seated Boxer of the Museo delle Terme, 237, 238;
- on statue from Herculaneum, 238;
- on statue from Sorrento, 238.
- Boy Binding on a Fillet (ἀναδούμενος), by Pheidias, 150.
-
Boy Crowning Himself, copies of statue of, identified with statue of Kyniskos at Olympia, 156;
- on funerary relief, 155.
- Boy victors, statues of, at Olympia, 31;
- Branchidai, 304, 336.
- Brasidas, games in honor of, 11.
-
Bribery, of Olympic victors, 33;
- at Epidauros, the Isthmus, etc., 34.
- Brimias, statue at Olympia, 346.
- Bronze, used for victor statues, 321f.;
- Brunn, on Aeginetan art, 124;
- Brutus, the, of Cicero, 60.
- Brygos, r.-f. kylix in style of, 204.
-
Bull, in Crete, 1f.;
- zone of the, at Olympia, 355.
-
Bulle, on boxer head from Olympia, 255;
- on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 82;
- on the Polykleitan Diadoumenos, 151;
- on Doryphoros, 227;
- on dying hoplite relief, 209;
- on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 330;
- on ephebe statue from Akropolis, 115;
- on Farnese Herakles, 253;
- on hair technique of Greek sculptors, 53;
- on the Idolino, 141, 142;
- on the Oil-pourer, 134;
- on Tux bronze, 207;
- on statues of two wrestlers, from Herculaneum, 231.
- Bull-grappling, in Crete, 2f.;
- Bull-ring, ivory model of, from Knossos, 3.
- Burgon vase, 260.
- Bybon, inscribed solos of, from Olympia, 22, 218.
- Bykelos, statue at Olympia, 120.
- Byzantine church, the, at Olympia, 347, 356f. Byzantine walls, at Olympia, 345, 357, 358, 359.
-
Caere (Cerveteri), Amphiaraos vase from, 13 and note 1;
- hydrias from, 52.
- Candia, Museum at, 2, 3.
- Canina, discovers the Apoxyomenos of the Vatican, 288.
- Canon, of Polykleitos, 69.
- Canons of proportions, 65f. Cap, of boxers and pancratiasts, 165f.;
- Capua, bronze statuette from, 207.
- Caracalla, baths of, 252.
- Caricature, Theban law against, 57.
- Casa Buonarroti, Florence, arm of Diskobolos from, 186.
- Caskey, L. D., on Sparta head of boy athlete, 305, 306, 310, 319.
- Castel Porziano, copy of Diskobolos from, 184.
- Castellani copy of Spinario, 202.
- Catania, coins of, showing Nike, 182.
- Cauldron, as early prize, from Cumae, 20.
-
Celery, fresh, used for wreaths at Nemea, 20, 21;
- wild, used for wreaths at the Isthmus, 21.
- Celetizontes pueri, of Kanachos, 120.
- Cerveteri; see Caere. Cestus, described by Virgil, 239;
- Chabrias, general, statue of, 173.
- Chæroneia, battle of, 301.
- Chalkis, 19.
-
Champion, the, of East gable of temple on Aegina, 207;
- of West gable, 126.
- Chamyne; see Demeter. Chancery, hold in pankration, 247, 248.
- Chaplet, as victor attribute, 148.
-
Chariots, Athenian type on vases, 262;
- on Cretan relief, 262;
- war-chariot in Crete and at Mycenæ, 262;
- on Mycenæan tombstones, 262;
- dedication of, 22;
- descendant of Homeric war-chariot, 260;
- four-horse, 262;
- four-horse, on vases, 263;
- four-horse, on marble relief, 268, 269;
- miniature models of, at Olympia, 23;
- war-chariot from Monteleone, in Metropolitan Museum, 263;
- two-horse, on vases, 263;
- two types of Greek racing-chariot, 262;
- on eighth century B. C. vase, 263;
- zone of, at Olympia, 345, 346, 352.
-
Charioteers, statues of, 274f.;
- close-fitting chiton of, 275;
- long chiton of, 48, 263, 273, 274;
- nude, 48, 275, 276;
- statue of, in Boston, 275;
- statue of, at Delphi, 48, 81, 90, 276f.;
- inscription on, 277;
- part of a group, 277;
- copies of, 277;
- deficiencies of, 278;
- Gelo as dedicator of, 278;
- as Aeginetan, 278;
- as Attic work, 278;
- assigned to Pythagoras, 278;
- statue of, from Esquiline, 276;
- statue of (?) found in Rhine near Xanten, 276;
- relief of, mounting chariot, from Akropolis, 128, 269.
-
Chariot-groups, at Olympia, 264f;
- remains of, 269.
-
Chariot-race, antiquity at Olympia, 259;
- common in Greece, 257f.;
- most brilliant event at Olympia and elsewhere, 257;
- one of earliest events at Olympia, 259;
- with two colts συνωρὶς πώλων, at Olympia, 260;
- harnessing of two horses, on b.-f. hydria, 263;
- groups, remains at Olympia, 269;
- with four colts πώλων ἅρμα, at Olympia, when introduced, 260;
- with four horses τέθριππον or ἵππων τελείων δρόμος, when introduced at Olympia, 259, 260;
- four-horse τέθριππον, on Panathenaic vase from Sparta, 263;
- length of race with four colts at Olympia, 260;
- length of race with four full-grown horses at Olympia, 260;
- with mules ἀπήνη, when introduced at Olympia, 261;
- at oldest funeral games, in Arkadia, 259;
- oldest monument of, at Olympia, 264, 265;
- origin of in mythical times, 259;
- originally with two horses, 260;
- when stopped at Olympia, 261;
- sport of wealthy, 257;
- representations, common on vases, 262f.;
- trotting-race with mares κάλπη, 261, 282.
- See Apobates, chariot-race.
- Chariot victors, dedicate chariot-groups at Olympia, 264f.;
- Charmides, statue at Olympia, 342.
- Charops, statue at Olympia, 358.
-
Chase, G. H., on bronze tripods in Loeb collection, 194, note 7;
- on Monteleone chariot, 264.
- Cheilon, ephor of Sparta, died of joy at Olympia, 36.
-
Cheilon, date of second victory of, 301;
- fights at Lamia, 301;
- statue at Olympia, 32, 121, 298.
-
Cheimon, statue at Argos, 366;
- at Olympia, 117, 234, 344, 366.
- Cheirisophos, sculptor, 334.
- Chewsurs, of the Caucasus, funeral games among, 11.
- Chimæra tomb, so-called, at Xanthos, 271.
- Chinnery Hermes, head, 181.
-
Chionis, statue at Olympia, 32, 333, 352, 362;
- tablet of, at Sparta, 362;
- record jump of, at Olympia, 216.
- Chios, early sculpture of, 177; games on, 189.
- Chisel, used in hair of the Agias and Philandridas, 297.
- Chiton, conventional dress of charioteers, 275.
- Chiusi, wall-painting from, 217.
- Chlamys, on statues of Meleager, 313.
- Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo, statue known as, 89f.;
- Chorus, of boys and girls, in honor of victors, 34.
- Christodoros, description of statue of Hermes by, 87.
- Chrysippos, quoted by Galen, 70.
- Chrysothemis, sculptor, 105, 116.
- Cicero, as art critic, 60.
- Cincinnatus, 87.
- Circassians, funeral games among, 11.
-
Circus, Roman, hair-fashion of athletes at, 52;
- finally supersedes equestrian contests of Olympia, 261.
- Cloak, prize at Pellene, 20.
-
Club, on Cretan grave-relief, 199;
- on statuette from Palermo, 199.
- Cockerell, on dedication from Delphi, 372.
-
Coins: of Antoninus Pius, showing pine, 21;
- of Alexander the Great, showing Herakles, 253;
- of Athens, showing Apollo, 90;
- of Augustus, showing celery, 21;
- of Catania, showing Nike, 182;
- of Commodus as Hercules, 74;
- of Delphi, showing Apollo, 92, 336;
- of Euagoras I, King of Salamis in Cyprus, showing swollen ears, 169;
- of Geta, 306;
- of Lucius Verus, 21;
- of Markianopolis, 87;
- of Messana, showing mule-car, 263;
- of Messene, 111;
- of Miletos, 74, 118, 119, 336;
- of Nero, 21;
- of Philip II, King of Macedon, showing victorious jockey with palm-branch, 280;
- of Philippopolis, 78;
- of Rhegion, showing mule-car, 263;
- of Selinos, showing celery wreath, 21;
- of Sicily, showing racing chariots, 262, 263;
- of Syracuse, showing Nike with tablet, 182;
- of Tarentum, showing apobates horse-race, 282;
- showing poses of Olympic victor statues, 44;
- showing scenes of wrestling, 228.
- Collignon, M., on statue of Astylos, at Kroton, 364;
- Color, on early Attic sculpture, 126.
-
Commodus, statue in Mantua, 72;
- coins of, showing him as Hercules, 74.
-
Concentration (αύτάρκεια), in Greek statues, 82;
- in Myron’s statues, 183;
- in the Diskobolos, 137, 201.
- Concord, temple of, Rome, 234.
- Constantinople, sack of, by Franks, 253.
- Contest (Agon), figure of, in Mikythos group at Olympia, 164, 215.
- Conversion of athlete statues into those of gods, 74.
-
Conze, A., on “Apollo” type as representing victors, 335;
- on Choiseul-Gouffier statue type, 90;
- on statue of Commodus at Mantua, 72.
- Copenhagen, heads in Ny-Carlsberg collection at, with swollen ears, 168.
- Corfu, bronze from, 96.
- Corinth, clay tablets from, 52, 182;
- Corn-grinding slave woman, Egyptian statuette of, 177.
- Council-house (Bouleuterion), at Olympia, 227, 344, 346, 349, 350, 355, 357, 358.
- Cow, sacrificed to Hera at the Heraia, Olympia, 49.
- Cowardice, case of, at Olympia, 34.
- Crete, acrobats of, 2;
- Crœsus, fall of empire of, 126.
-
Cross-buttocks, throw in wrestling, 229;
- shown in small bronze group in the Loeb Collection, 232, 233.
- Crown of wild olive, as temporary reward for victor, 37, 155f. Cuirass (?), prize at Argos, 20.
- Cumae, inscribed cauldron from, as prize, 20.
- Cures, effected by victor statues, 35.
- Curtius, E., on the Σκήνωμα in Sparta, 367.
- Cypriote silver vase in repoussé from Etruria, in Florence, 13.
- Daidalian ξόανα, 328.
- Daidalos, of Crete, mythical sculptor, 118.
- Daidalos, of Sikyon, sculptor, 109, 120, 138, 266, 279;
- Daïkles, victor, 20.
-
Daïppos, sculptor, statues at Olympia, 121;
- perixyomenoi by, 136.
- Daitondas, sculptor, 121.
- Dalecampius, on Myron’s pristae, 188. Damagetos, statue at Olympia, 36, 46, 355.
- Damaithidas, statue at Olympia, 358.
- Damaretos, statue at Olympia, 105, 116, 117, 161, 203.
- Dameas, sculptor, 116.
- Damokritos, sculptor, 120.
-
Damonon, hippodrome victories of, in and near Lakonia, 257;
- acts as own charioteer, 266.
- Damoxenidas, statue at Olympia, 44.
- Damoxenos, slays Kreugas in pankration at Nemea, 237, 247.
- Danaë and Perseus, in a chest, 188.
-
Dancers, bronze, from Herculaneum, identified with statue of Kyniska, 267;
- ceremonial of, at Knossos, 3;
- on shield of Achilles, 5.
-
Daochos, dedicates statuary group at Pharsalos and Delphi, 286f.
Dead, cult of, as origin of Greek games, 9f.
Dedication, of athletic prizes, 21f.;
- formulæ at Olympia, 37.
- Deida, M., statue at Olympia, 359.
- Deinolochos, statue at Olympia, 120.
- Deinosthenes, statue at Olympia, 347.
-
Delian Apollo, of Angelion and Tektaios, 304;
- “doubles” of, in Athens and Delphi, 304.
- Delos, Apollo from, 334;
-
Delphi, “Apollos” from, 104;
- athletes divided into three classes according to age, 189;
- coins of, showing Apollo, 92, 336;
- coins of, showing laurel wreath, 21;
- contests at, 25;
- athletic, 25;
- dramatic, 25;
- equestrian, 25;
- flute solo, 25;
- lyre-playing, 25;
- music, as chief contest at, 25;
- painting, 25;
- poetry, 25;
- singing, 25;
- decrees of, to athletes, 26;
- Delphians sacrifice to Apollo the boxer, 88;
- festival at, 9;
- inscribed bases of victor monuments from, 26;
- mentioned by Homer, 9;
- oracle at, 18, 30, 34;
- religious interest of Pausanias in, 24;
- statue of pancratiast at, 26;
- statuette of victor from, 28;
- temple of Apollo at, 336;
- tripods in temple of Apollo at, 19;
- victor monuments at, 26;
- victor grave-relief from, 138.
-
Demeter, the Eleusinia in honor of, 18;
- Chamyne, priestess of, admitted to Olympia, 16;
- of Knidos, statue of, 311.
- Demetrios, M. Aurelios, Olympic victor statue in Rome, 370.
- Demetrios of Phaleron, honor statues in Athens, 41.
- Demetrios, sculptor, 56.
- Demokrates, statue at Olympia, 358.
- Deonna, W., against Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 329.
- Dermys and Kitylos, grave-figures of, from Tanagra, 335.
- Destringentes se, statues mentioned by Pliny, 136.
-
Diadoumenoi, or fillet-binders, 150f.
Diadoumenos, of Pheidias, 150f.;
- older than that of Polykleitos, 151;
- motive of, 151;
- Farnese copy, 151;
- of Polykleitos, 152f.;
- as example of rest statue, 99;
- as example of “ethical grace,” 63;
- leg position of, 159;
- copy of, from Delos, 92f., 152, 153;
- other copies of, 152f.;
- head-style of, 152;
- British Museum head of, 153, 154;
- Dresden head of, 153;
- Kassel head of, 153;
- statuette from Smyrna, 154;
- on throne of Zeus at Olympia, 150;
- pose of Vaison and Farnese copies, 155.
- Diagoras, most famous Greek boxer, 365;
-
Diaulodromos, or double sprinter, 193;
- on Athens inscribed vase, 194.
-
Dickins, G., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90;
- on statuette of trumpeter from Sparta, 283.
-
Didymaion, near Miletos, 108;
- statues at, 26.
- Diitrephes, statue on Akropolis, 199 and note 5, 373.
-
Dikon, three statues at Olympia, 29, 55;
- bribed by Syracuse, 33.
- Dio Chrysostom, on art, 61;
- Diodoros, on Egyptian influence on early Greek sculpture, 330;
-
Diogenes, five times victor in trumpeting, at Olympia, 283;
- base of statue at Olympia, 360.
-
Diogenes Laertios, on gold statue vowed by Periandros, 266;
- on Pythagoras, 67, 179.
- Diomedes, as boxer, 169;
-
Dionysia, games at the, in Kyrene, 50;
- at Sparta, 50;
- statue of victor at, in Athens, 27.
- Dionysios, sculptor, 268.
- Dionysios, tyrant of Syracuse, 33.
- Dionysos, bearded type of, 335;
- Diophanes, statue at the Isthmus, 27.
- Diophon, pentathlete, epigram on, 210.
- Dioskouroi, athlete statues assimilated to, 96, 97;
-
Dipoinos, sculptor, 118, 122, 334.
- See also Skyllis.
- Dipylon geometric vase from Akropolis, in Copenhagen, showing funeral games, 13.
- Diskoboloi, statuettes of, 28, 218f;
-
Diskobolos, the, of Myron, 184f.;
- cast of, from various copies, 186;
- concentration of (αυτάρκεια) 137, 183, 201;
- copies of 184f.;
- copy of, in Capitoline, 185;
- from Castel Porziano, 184;
- in Lancellotti Palace, Rome, 184;
- Græco-Roman copy from Tivoli, in London, 184, 185;
- in Vatican, from Tivoli, 184;
- on a gem, 187;
- as example of a diskos-thrower, 164;
- as example of rhythm, 66;
- Lucian’s description of, 186, 187;
- moment chosen by Myron in, 187;
- pose of, 219, 220;
- predecessors of, 222;
- Quintilian on, 187;
- relief of, from Dipylon, 127;
- represents trained athlete, 183, 184;
- right arm of, from Casa Buonarroti, Florence, 186;
- short hair of, 52;
- small bronze in Berlin, 221;
- statuettes in Munich and Arolsen, 187;
- compared with Tyrannicides, 183.
- See also Standing Diskobolos.
-
Diskoi, bronze, from the Altis, 22, 218;
- dedication of bronze, 22;
- kept in Sikyonian treasury at Olympia, for use of pentathletes, 22;
- on r.-f. vase in Munich, 164;
- diskos, as attribute of pentathlete statues, 164;
- bronze, from Sicily, 217;
- inscribed, of Asklepiades, 40;
- inscribed, of Exoïdas, from Kephallenia (?), 97, 218;
- known to Homer, 218;
- lighter for boys than for men, 218.
- Diskos-throwing (δισκοβολία), goes back to mythology, 218;
- Dittenberger, W., on division of athletes at Athens, according to age, 189;
- Diver (?), statuette of, from Perugia, 217.
- Dodona, bronze statuette from, 143;
-
Doerpfeld, W., on base of the Platæan Zeus at Olympia, 344;
- on bases of victors found in South wall of Altis, 347;
- on beginning of Pausanias’ first route in the Altis, 341;
- on excavations at site so-called of Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia, 349;
- on positions of victor statues in the Altis, 340;
- on second route of Pausanias in the Altis, 351;
- on statues, ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει, 350.
- Dolichodromos, endurance runner, 193.
- Domitian, stadion at Rome, 50.
- Dorians, the, 1.
-
Dorieus, prisoner at Athens, 36;
- victor statue at Olympia, 355.
- Dorykleidas, victor dedication to Herakles and Hermes by, 75, 76.
- Doryphoroi, mentioned by Pliny, 226.
-
Doryphoros, of Kresilas, 145;
- of Polykleitos, 77, 224f.;
- as an Achilles, 92;
- converted into god-type, 74;
- converted into Hermes, 87, 88;
- compared with Diadoumenos, 152;
- copy at Olympia, 227;
- green basalt torso in Florence, 225;
- marble torso formerly in Pourtalès Collection, 225;
- from Pompeii, its measurements, 70;
- copy in Vatican, 225;
- etymology and use of word, 225, 226;
- head from Herculaneum, by Apollonios, 168;
- as highest ideal of manly beauty, 141;
- as example of javelin-thrower, 164;
- leg position of, 159;
- as master of Lysippos, 70, 301;
- as norm of proportions, 58, 68, 69, 70;
- original as pentathlete victor statue, 227;
- pose of, 225;
- style of head of, 152;
- as victor statue, 226, 227.
-
Double foot-race (δίαυλος), 190;
- date of introduction at Olympia, 191.
- “Doubles” of statues, 304, 305.
- Douris, on Lysippos, 69.
- Douris, vase-painter, r.-f. kylix by, 239.
- Dramatic contests, at Delphi, 25.
- Dresden Boy, the, statue in Dresden, 213.
-
Dromeus, statue at Olympia, 179, 343;
- identified with mala ferens nudus, of Pliny, 182.
- Drunkenness, statue of, 144.
- Duerer, Albrecht, on proportions, 68.
- Duetschke, on the Mantuan Commodus, 72.
- Dumont, on division of athletes at Athens by age, 189.
- Dying hoplite runner, relief of, in Athens, 194, 209.
- Dying Gaul statues, 255.
- Dyneiketos, victor, represented on r.-f. Panathenaic vase, 280.
- Ear, swollen, as attribute of victor statues, 167f.;
-
Ear-lappets (ἀμφωτίδες, ἐπωτίδες), on marble head, 167;
- worn by boys in the palæstra, 167.
- Echembrotos, musician, dedicates a tripod to Herakles 22.
- Echo Colonnade, at Olympia, 343, 345, 352, 358, 360.
-
Egesta, Sicily, 35;
- honors Philippos, victor, with a heroön, 57.
- Egypt, division of, into Old and Middle Kingdoms, and New Empire, 330–331.
- Egyptian art, proportions in, 67 and note 4;
-
Eklektos, Valerios, statue at Athens, 371;
- at Olympia, 359, 360, 371.
-
Elean register, 31;
- school of sculpture, 114;
- umpires, 94.
- Eleans, led by Oxylos from Aitolia, 15.
- Electra, of Sophokles, quoted, 267.
-
Eleusinia, the, 18;
- prizes at, 20;
- statue of victor in Athens, 27.
- Eleusis, copy of statue of Kyniskos (?) from, 74, 156.
- Eleutheria, games at Platæa, 11, 203. Emerson, A., on statue of Kyniska, 267.
- Energy, as characteristic of Myron’s statues, 152.
- Enkrinomenos, statue by Alkamenes, 77, 134.
- Enymakratidas, hippodrome victories of, in Lakonia, 257.
- Epainetos, inscribed jumping-weight of, from Eleusis, 215.
- Epeios, boxing-match with Euryalos, 7, 88.
- Epeirote singer, pummelled by order of Nero, 34.
- Eperastos, victor at Olympia, 163.
- Ephebe, head of, with yellow hair, from Akropolis, 116;
- Ephodoi (ἔφοδοι), or routes of Pausanias, in the Altis, 339, 341f., 348f. Epicharinos, statue on Akropolis, 27, 176, 179, 206, 372.
- Epidauros, inscription from, 34.
- Epigonos, erects monument to Attalos, 368.
- Epigrams, on Olympic victor statue bases, 43.
- Epikradios, statue at Olympia, 122, 352.
- Epitaphia, festival at Athens, 18.
- Epitherses, statue at Olympia, 31, 244, 346.
- Eponymus victor, at Olympia, 191.
- Equestrian contests, at Delphi, 25;
- Er, myth of, in Plato’s Republic, 36.
- Erasistratos, physician at Alexandria, 290.
-
Eretrian Bull, the, at Olympia, 342, 352, 357, 358, 359;
- zone of, at Olympia, 343.
- Eriphyle, on archaic vase, 13.
-
Eros, offerings to, 57;
- bronze statue from Tunis, 156, 158.
- Erotidia, division of athletes at the Bœotian, according to age, 189.
-
Etruria, funeral games of, borrowed by Romans, 11;
- athletic scenes from tombs of, 11.
- Etruscan Orator, statue in Florence, 82.
- Euagoras I, King of Salamis, in Cyprus, coins of, showing swollen ears, 169.
- Euagoras of Sparta, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 23, 37, 265.
-
Eubotas, statue at Kyrene, 366;
- at Olympia, 31, 352, 366.
- Eudelos, of Rhodes, adversary of Straton, at Olympia, 34.
- Eukles, statue at Olympia, 45, 117, 241, 342, 343.
- Eumastas, inscribed stone of, from Thera, 218, note 3.
- Eunomos, kitharoidos, statue in honor of Pythian victory, 284.
- Euphorbos, on painted terra-cotta plate, 178.
- Euphranor, sculptor, 23, 36, 69;
- Euphronios, r.-f. kylix by, 204.
- Eupolemos, statue at Olympia, 120, 342.c Eupolos, bribes three adversaries at Olympia and all four are fined, 33.
- Eupompos, painter, 29, 69, 160.
- Euripides, protests against professionalism in athletics, 36.
- Euryalos, 8, 88.
- Eurybates, pentathlete, 59.
- Euryleonis, victress, statue at Sparta, 367.
- Eurytos, 8.
- Eusebios, on statue of Theagenes, 364.
- Eutelidas, sculptor, 105, 116.
- Eutelidas, victor statue at Olympia, 106, 333, 337, 346.
- Euthykrates, sculptor, 314.
- Euthymenes, statue at Olympia, 120, 344, 352.
- Euthymos, boxing match with Theagenes, 247;
- Eutychides, sculptor and painter, 121, 324.
-
Evans, A., on ivory statuettes from Knossos, 3;
- on stucco reliefs from Knossos, 4.
- Exainetos, victor, drawn into native city by fellow-citizens, 35.
- Exhortation to the Arts, work by Galen cited, 37.
- Exoïdas, bronze diskos of, 97, 218.
- Eye, almond-shaped, in archaic art, 127;
- Fabius Maximus, carries off colossal Herakles from Tarentum to Rome, 253.
- Fagan head, the, in British Museum, 87.
-
Farnese Diadoumenos, statue in British Museum, 151f., 154;
- compared with Diadoumenos from Vaison, 154.
-
Farnese Herakles, statue in Naples, 252, 253;
- of Lysippan origin, 253;
- as realistic work, 289.
- Farnese Hermes, statue in British Museum, 72.
- Farnsworth Museum, Wellesley, Mass., statue of athlete in, 139.
- Fawn, as attribute of Philesian Apollo, 119.
- Fellows, C., discovers Chimæra tomb at Xanthos, 271.
- Fevers, cured by victor statues, 364.
- Ficoroni cista, in Rome, 243, 269.
-
Fierce expression (γοργόν), of Philandridas head from Olympia, 294, 297;
- threatening look of athletes mentioned by Sokrates, 59.
- File, use of, on Philandridas head, 295.
- Fillet, victor, 168f.;
- Fillet-binders, or diadoumenoi, 150f. Fine, paid by Theagenes, 247.
- Finger, as common measure in proportions, 68.
-
Flasch, A. F., on bronze head of a boxer from Olympia, 255;
- on the Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
- on positions of victor statues in Altis, 340.
- Flaxman, John, sculptor, on proportions, 68.
-
Flute-playing, at Delphi, 25;
- accompanies pentathlon, at Olympia, 284;
- on vases, 285.
-
Flutists, statues of victorious, 284;
- honor statue of, 42;
- on chest of Kypselos, 285.
-
Flying mare, throw in pankration, 247;
- throw in wrestling, 229.
- Foal-race, at Olympia, 260.
-
Foerster, H., on location of statue of Ladas, 197;
- on statue of Leon, 366.
- Foerster, R., on head of hoplitodrome, from Olympia, 163.
- Foot, as common measure in proportions, 68;
- Footmarks, on bases of victor statues, at Olympia, 43.
-
Foot-race, the, at games of Patroklos, 8;
- at the Heraia, at Olympia, 49.
- See Stade-race.
- Forearm, fragment of, with horn, in relief, 4.
- Fragments, bronze, of victor statues, from Olympia, 322;
- Frascati, statuette from, in Boston, 138.
- Frazer, J. G., on Arrhachion’s statue, 327;
- “Free” leg, motive in sculpture, 109, 226.
- Friedrichs, K., on identifying Doryphoros from Pompeii, 224.
- Friedrichs-Wolters, on Olympia gable sculptures, 114.
- Fritsch, G., on body proportions in Greek sculpture, 67.
- Froehner, W., on the Jason of the Louvre, 87.
- “Frontality,” law of, formulated, 175, 328.
-
Frost, K. T., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 82;
- on differences between the Agias and Apoxyomenos, 290;
- on Ligourió bronze, 111.
- Funeral games, on archaic vases, 13;
- Funerary reliefs, Attic, 66.
-
Furtwaengler, A., on Akropolis chariot relief, 271;
- on the Alkibiades of Vatican, 199, 200;
- on the Apoxyomenos of Uffizi, 137;
- on the Apoxyomenos of Vatican, 136;
- on Aristion’s statue, 88, 241;
- on athlete head in Copenhagen, 95;
- on athlete statue in British Museum, 293;
- on bronze head of a boxer in Glyptothek, 63;
- on bronze head of a boxer from Olympia, 255;
- on bronze foot from Olympia, 255;
- on bronze head from Akropolis, 115;
- on bronze statuette in Louvre, 139;
- on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 90;
- on statue of Diitrephes, on Akropolis, 373;
- on so-called Diomedes, of Palazzo Valentini, Rome, 207;
- on doryphoroi of Pliny, 226;
- on term doryphoros, 226;
- on Dresden athlete statues, 292;
- on Dresden Boy, 213;
- on Egyptian influence on “Apollo” type, 329;
- on ephebe statue from Akropolis, 115;
- on erecting statues of victors at Olympia, 38;
- on Esquiline charioteer, 276;
- on Eupompos’ painting of Olympic victor, 160;
- on excavations at Aegina, 124;
- on Hagelaïdas, 110;
- on Idolino, 141, 142;
- on influence of athletics on Greek art, 64;
- on Kassel boxer, 155;
- on Kassel head of Polykleitos’ Diadoumenos, 153;
- on kneeling figures from West gable at Olympia, 195;
- on Kresilæan athlete head, 145;
- on statue of Kylon, on Akropolis, 362;
- on statue of Kyniska, at Olympia, 131;
- on Kyniska’s victor group at Olympia, 267;
- on Kyniskos’ statue, 74;
- on Lansdowne Herakles, 313;
- on libation-pouring, 139;
- on Ligourió bronze, 111;
- on marble head in Turin, 93;
- on Monteleone chariot in Metropolitan Museum, 264;
- on motive of Pheidias’ Diadoumenos, 151;
- on Munich Oil-pourer, 134;
- on Munich King, (?), 226;
- on Myron’s pristae, 188;
- on nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 250, 251;
- on Olympia gable sculptures, 114;
- on Petworth ephebe, 133;
- on Pheidias’ hair treatment in goddess heads, 53;
- on Philandridas head, 294;
- on Pythagoras, 179, 180;
- on Pythokles’ statue, 212;
- on Rayet head, 128;
- on Riccardi bust in Florence, 180;
- on right arm of boy victor, from Olympia, 46;
- on rolled fillet, 96;
- on short and long hair of god heads, 52;
- on Somzée athlete, 251;
- on sparring motive in Berlin torso, 244;
- on Standing Diskobolos, 76;
- on statue from Carinthia, 131;
- on statue “doubles,” 304;
- on statue of youth in Berlin, 292;
- on tin-foil wheels, from Olympia, 23;
- on two heads of hoplitodromes from Olympia, 163;
- on use of marble in Olympic victor statues, 324;
- on “Vatican athlete at rest,” 140;
- Furtwaengler and Urlichs, on use of bronze for Olympic victor statues, 321.
-
Galen, on ball-playing, 84;
- on the Doryphoros, 70;
- protests against professionalism in athletics, 36, 37.
- Games, early Greek, 1f.;
- Ganymedes, identified with statue of youth from Subiaco, 195.
-
Gardiner, E. N., on apobates horse-race, 282;
- on colossal Farnese Herakles, 252;
- on diskos-throwing, 218f.;
- on earliest event at Olympia, 37;
- on Irish fairs, 12;
- on origin of four-horse chariot-race at Olympia, 259;
- on positions in javelin-throwing, 223;
- on rules of pankration, 246;
- on shapes of jumping-weights, 214;
- on Uffizi pancratiast group, 252.
-
Gardner, E. A., on the Agias, 303;
- on artist school at Olympia, 58;
- on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81;
- on contrast between the Atalanta and other Tegea heads, 310, note 3;
- on epigram from statue of Ladas, 197;
- on eye treatment in the Agias, 315;
- on eye treatment in the Atalanta from Tegea, 310;
- on honors paid to victors, 36;
- on helmeted head from Tegea, 308.
- Gardner, P., on date of Lysippos 300, 301;
-
Gelados; see Hagelaïdas.
Gelo, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 122, 257, 264, 266, 344, 355;
- as dedicator of Delphi Charioteer, 278.
- Gem, showing Apoxyomenos of Polykleitos, 136;
- Genzano, bust of Herakles from, 169, 170.
- Geraistos, Euboea, 373.
- Gerhard, E., on vases showing four-horse chariots, 263.
- Germanicus, statue so-called, 85.
- Germanicus Caesar, victor in chariot race at Olympia, 257, 261, 357, 358, 359.
- Germans, excavations of Olympia by, 43.
- Gestures, “transitory” and “stationary,” 83.
- Geta, coin of, 306.
-
Girl runner, statue in Vatican, 49, 50;
- statuette from Dodona, 28.
- Gladiatorial shows, borrowed from Etruria by Romans, 11.
- Glaukias, sculptor, 32, 122, 125, 176, 243, 244, 264, 266, 278.
- Glaukon, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 265, 347.
- Glaukos, statue at Olympia, 32, 122, 125, 176, 243.
- Glykon, sculptor, 252, 253.
-
Gods, statues of, dedicated to other gods and goddesses, 335;
- worship of, supersedes that of heroes, 14.
- Goldsmiths, in Crete, 4.
- Gorgias, honor statue at Olympia, 42, 351.
- Gorgon, on Pindar’s VIIth Olympic ode, 365.
- Gorgos, statue at Olympia, 55, 59.
-
Gouging, prohibited in pankration, 246;
- shown on r.-f. kylix, 246.
- Graef, B., on Antenor’s female statue from Akropolis 174;
- Grain, as prize at the Eleusinia, 20.
- Grained-hair technique, 53.
- Granianos; see Kranaos.
- Grave-relief, fragment from Dipylon, 127.
-
Great Altar; see Zeus, Great Altar of.
Greaves, early attribute of hoplitodromoi, 161;
- later discarded, 203.
- Greece, dependent on outside peoples in early art, 329;
- Greek anthologies, see Anthologies, Greek. Greek and Egyptian statues compared, 332.
- “Grinning” group, of so-called “Apollo” statues, 100.
- Guillaume, E., on measurements of Doryphoros, 70.
- Gurlitt, W., on Pausanias’ routes in Altis, 340.
- Gymnasia, absent in Homer, 7;
- Gymnasiarch, Hermes as, 78.
- Gymnasion, Great, at Olympia, 297, 299, 356.
- Gymnasium, scene from, on r.-f. kylix, 164.
- Gythion, statue of Herakles, at, 319.
- Habich, G., on Standing Diskobolos, 78.
- Hadrian, revives Nemean games at Argos, 17;
- Hagelaïdas. sculptor, 36;
-
Hair-fashion, athletic, 50f.;
- Bulle on hair, 53;
- ephebes dedicate hair to a god, 51;
- grained style, 53;
- on Hellenistic heads, 296.
- Long, at Athens, after Persian Wars, 51;
- long, on athletes, before Persian Wars, 335;
- braided, by boxers and pancratiasts, 51;
- discarded in wrestling, 51;
- in Homer, 50, 51;
- on monuments, 52;
- on old Attic vases, 52;
- as sign of effeminacy, 51;
- at Sparta, 51;
- at Thermopylæ, 51;
- worn by knights, 51;
- long and short, on god statues, 52;
- pearl-string style of, 53;
- pictorial treatment of, 53.
- Short hair, on “Apollo” statues, 335;
- short, on athletes, after Persian Wars, 51, 335;
- on children, at Sparta, 51;
- on early vases, 52;
- on monuments, 52;
- not characteristic of athletes, 50, 51;
- as sign of mourning, at Athens, 51;
- of slaves, 51;
- sketchy treatment, on Hermes of Praxiteles, 303;
- snail-volute style of, 53.
- See Krobylos.
-
Halikarnassos, funeral games at, 11;
- chariot-group from Mausoleion at, 244.
- Halimous, grave-relief from Attic deme of, 249.
- Halteres; see Jumping-weights. Hamilton, Gavin, 76.
-
Harmodios, statue of, 148, 173f.
- See also Aristogeiton and Tyrannicides.
- Hartwig. P., on bronze statuette from Capua, 207.
- Hauser, F., on Autun statuette of pancratiast, 249–251;
- Head-dress, artificial, on charioteers, 275, 276.
- “Healer,” epithet of the Delian Apollo, 304.
- Heave, in wrestling, 229;
- Hegestratos, statue at Athens, 27.
- Hegias, sculptor, 110, 126, 175, 279;
- Hekatompedon, the, on Akropolis, 128.
- Hektor, 7.
- Helbig, W., on Barracco athlete statue, 157, 159;
- Helikon, Mount, statues of poets and musicians on, 284;
- Heliodoros, description of wrestling-match by, 252.
- Hellanikos, statue at Olympia, 240, 342, 343.
- Hellanodikai, the, at Olympia, 27 and n. 20, 29, 45, 227, 259.
-
Hellenistic Prince, statue of a, 73;
- assimilated to type of Alexander, 73.
- Helmets, on Boxer Vase from Crete, 7;
- Hemerodromoi, institution of, 190.
- Hephaistion, funeral games in honor of, 11.
-
Hera, temple of Lakinian, near Kroton, 363;
- worship of, at Olympia, earlier than that of Zeus, 16.
- See Heraion.
- Heraia, the, games at Argos, 20;
-
Heraion, the, at Olympia, 16, 259, 299, 341, 342, 343, 349, 352, 353, 358;
- monuments inside of, 325.
- Herakleia, the, at Marathon, 18, 20;
- Herakleides Ponticus, on the krobylos hair-fashion, 52.
- Herakleion, the, at Sparta, 319.
-
Herakles, as boxer, 169, 235;
- of Crete, 10;
- destroys statue of self at Elis, 178;
- as father of athlete Theagenes, 35;
- first to win pankration and wrestling on same day, 252;
- as founder of Olympic games, 10, 93;
- Herakles and Hermes, as protectors of contests, 75;
- as inventor of pankration, 247;
- at Marathon, 18;
- in Odyssey, 8;
- plants olive at Olympia, 20;
- son of Zeus and Alkmena, 10;
- in Sophokles’ Trachiniae, 318;
- tripods in honor of, 19, 22;
- as wrestler, 13, 93, 228.
-
Herakles, heads of: beardless, in British Museum, 96;
- of boy athlete from Sparta so interpreted, 305;
- boyish, in British Museum, 319;
- bust from Genzano, 95;
- bust from Herculaneum, 170;
- colossal filleted, in Vatican, 95;
- from Tegea pediment, 306–311;
- marble, in Munich, 170;
- Philandridas head so interpreted, 297;
- showing swollen ears, 169;
- with rolled fillets, 96.
-
Statues of: Alexikakos, by Hagelaïdas, 110;
- colossal, by Lysippos, 253;
- colossal, by Onatas, 122;
- in group with Telephos, in Vatican, 70, 95;
- in gymnasia and palæstræ, 94, 297;
- kneeling, from East gable from Aegina, 195;
- as knee-runner, bronze in Metropolitan Museum, 195;
- Kyniskos, converted into type of, 74;
- in Lakonia, 319;
- in Palazzo Altemps, Rome, 243;
- by Skopas, 306;
- victor statues assimilated to, 354f.
-
Heralds, contests of, when introduced at Olympia, 283;
- statues of, at Olympia, 283.
- Herculaneum, bronze head from, in Naples, 63, 140.
- Hercules, guild of athletes of, in Rome, 371.
- Hermaia, the, games at Pheneus, 76.
- Hermann, G., on Perinthos head, 180.
- Hermas, base of statue of, at Olympia, 359.
-
Hermes, altar of, ἐναγώνιος, at Olympia, 76;
- beaten by Apollo in running at Olympia, 285;
- founder of wrestling, 76;
- god of youth and sports, 75;
- gymnasion of, at Athens, 76;
- one of athletic gods, 75;
- “presider over contests,” 36;
- head, in Boston, 85;
- bearded herma, by Alkamenes, 77;
- bearded type, 335;
- compared with Philandridas head, 293, 294;
- hair-treatment of, 303;
- on relief fragment from Athens, 270.
- Statues: from Andros, 71f.;
- Hermes-Diskobolos, statue by Naukydes, 78.
- Hermes Kriophoros, festival at Tanagra, 57.
- Hermesianax, statue at Olympia, 30.
- Hermione, stadion at, 96.
- Hermitage, copy of head of boy athlete in, 157.
- Hermogenes, victor at Olympia, 354.
- Hermokrates, statue at Athens, 27.
- Hermolykos, statue on Akropolis, 27, 372, 373.
- Herodoros, trumpeter at Olympia, 283.
-
Herodotos, historian, on Hermolykos, pancratiast, 373;
- style of, imitated by Pausanias, 61.
- Herodotos, of Klazomenai, statue at Olympia, 30.
- Herodotos, of Thebes, as his own charioteer, 266, 267.
- Heroes, nine Greek, on curved base at Olympia, 122.
- Heroizing, custom of, in sculpture, 71.
- Herophilos, physician at Alexandria, 290.
- Hertz, Miss, copy of head of Nike by Paionios in collection of, Rome, 304.
- Hesiod, wins tripod at Chalkis, 19;
- Hetoimokles, statue at Sparta, 106, 333, 337, 362.
- Hiero, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 122, 257, 264, 267, 278, 279;
- Hierothesion, the, at Messene, 19.
- Hill, G. F., on Apoxyomenos and Lysippos, 288, 289.
- Hipparchos, tyrant of Athens, 173.
- Hippodameia, 14, 259.
- Hippodrome races, at Olympia, non-athletic, 257;
- Hippodromes, common in Greece, 257f.;
- Hippokleides, 5.
- Hippos, statue at Olympia, 120.
- Hipposthenes, victor, temple dedicated to, at Sparta, 362.
- Hirschfeld, G., on locations of victor statues in Altis, 340;
-
Hirt, A., on Pliny’s “iconic” (iconicus = εἰκονικός) statues, 54;
- on Tux bronze, 207.
-
Historia Naturalis, of Pliny, 60, 321, and passim.
Hitzig-Bluemner, on exclusive use of bronze in Olympic victor statues, 321;
- on statue of Milo, at Olympia, 107.
- Holleaux, M., on “Apollo” torso from Mount Ptoion, 119, 120.
- Home-coming of Olympic victors, 34, 35.
- Homer, athletics in, 7f.;
-
Homolle, Th., on appellation “Apollo,” 336;
- on artistic influences in the Agias, 291, 301;
- assigns the Agias to Lysippos, 292, 311;
- on expression of face of the Agias, 317;
- on group of Daochos at Delphi, 286;
- on resemblance between Philandridas head and that of the Agias, 294;
- on small heads outside school of Lysippos, 294;
- on differentiating statues of Herakles and victors, 94;
- on swollen ears of athlete statues, 168.
- Honor statues, at Olympia, 41, 42, 339f. Honors, extraordinary, paid to victors, 32f., 71.
-
Hoplite-race (ὁπλίτης), 190f.;
- belongs to mixed athletics, 203;
- called ἀσπίς, 190, 204;
- date of introduction at Olympia, 191;
- as diaulos at Olympia and Athens, 203;
- finish of, on a r.-f. kylix, 204;
- in full armor at the Eleutheria, at Platæa, 203;
- last in gymnic contests at Olympia and elsewhere, 203;
- most complete representation of, on a r.-f. kylix in Berlin, 204;
- preparations for, on a r.-f. kylix by Euphronios, 204;
- racers in, turning central post, on r.-f. kylix in Berlin, 204;
- round shields and Attic helmets used in, 204;
- semi-comic character of, on vases, 205;
- start of, on a r.-f. kylix in Berlin, 204;
- weapons used in, 203.
- Hoplitodromoi, attributes of, 161 f.;
- Horarios, inscribed votive relief of, 75.
- Horfuabra, statue from Dahshur, Egypt, 330.
- Horse, crowned by Nike, on votive relief from Athens, 269;
- Horse-race (ἵππος κέλης): common in Greece, 257f.;
-
Horse-racers: bronze statuette of, from Dodona, 281;
- bronze statuette of, in Loeb collection, 282;
- bronze statuette of, from Volubilis, Morocco, 281;
- dedications of, at Olympia, 23, 278f.;
- on funerary relief, from Sicily, 281;
- on galloping horse, on terra-cotta relief from Thera, 281;
- mounted, on Athens relief, 281;
- nude, on vases, 281;
- small figures of, from Olympia, 24;
- statue of, in Florence, 281;
- two fragments of statues of, from Akropolis, 281;
- victorious racer leading-horse, on Athenian relief, 281.
- Human sacrifice, as origin of funerary games, 14.
- Hunter, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
- Hyblæans, the Zeus of the, at Olympia, 344.
-
Hydriæ, from Caere (Cerveteri), 52;
- bronze, as prize at the Panathenaia, 20.
- Hylas, identified with statue of youth from Subiaco, 196.
- Hyperboreans, home of wild olive among, 20.
- Hysmon, statue at Olympia, 120, 164.
- Iapygians, King of the, 125.
- Iconic and aniconic statues, 54f. Ida, Mount, grotto of Zeus in, 235.
-
Idealism, in Greek art, 56, 71;
- idealism and realism, 57.
- Identification of athlete statues in Roman copies, 44.
- Idolino, the, statue in Florence, 131, 139, 141f.;
-
Ikkos, slain by Kleomedes, 35;
- as teacher of gymnastics, 59.
- Ildefonso group, in Madrid, 158.
- Iliad, games of Patroklos in, 9.
-
Ilissos, river in Attica, 20;
- relief from, 312.
-
Impressionism, in hair technique, by Greek artists, 53;
- by Lysippos, 69.
- Ince Blundell head of athlete, 167, note 4, 168, 180, 181.
- Indians, the, of North America, funeral games among, 12.
- Information, sources of, in reconstruction of Olympic victor statues, 43.
- Inscriptions, earliest, using pankration for dates, 191;
- Iolaos, hurls stone diskos, 218.
- Ionia, passes Egyptian influence to Greek sculptors, 332;
- Ionians, short hair with, 52.
- Ionism, in Greek art, 115f., 126, 129, 175;
- Iphitos, restores Olympic games, 15.
- Ismenian Apollo, the, statue in Thebes, 304.
- Ismenion, the, at Thebes, tripods in, 19.
- Isokrates, statue on Akropolis, 24, 27, 281, 373.
-
Isthmian festival, athletes divided into three classes according to age at, 189;
- beast contests at, 25;
- excavations on site of, 25;
- famed in Roman days, 25;
- funerary origin of, 9;
- history and administration of, 17;
- inferior to Olympia, 25;
- later in honor of a god, 9;
- in honor of Melikertes, 10;
- most frequented, 25;
- statue of victor at, in Athens, 27;
- statues of victors at, on Isthmus, 26.
- Italian Archæological Mission, 3.
- Italy, funeral games, in ancient, 11.
-
Jahn, O., on symmetry, 66;
- on the Wounded Amazon of Capitoline, 157.
- Jason, statue so-called, of Louvre, 86.
- Javelin (ἀκόντιον), 164, 165;
- Javelin-throwers (ἀκοντισταί), 222f.;
- Javelin-throwing, 222f.;
-
Jockey, nude, on vase-paintings, 280;
- in short-sleeved chiton, on b.-f. Panathenaic vase, 280.
- Jones, H. Stuart, on Pliny’s Perseus et pristae of Myron, 188.
-
Joubin, A., on Delphi Charioteer, 278;
- on Olympia gable sculptures, 114.
- Juba II, King of Numidia, 166.
- Juethner, J., on Greek origin of javelin-throwing, 222;
-
Jumping, 214f.;
- adapted to painter and not to sculptor, 217;
- ancient records in, 216;
- modern records in, with and without weights, 216;
- modern record in, front spring-board, 216;
- most difficult feature of pentathlon, 216;
- most representative feature of pentathlon, 214;
- in Odyssey, 9, 214;
- as part of pentathlon, 214;
- popularity of, 216;
- spring-board not used in Greece in, 216;
- various moments in, depicted on vases, 216, 217;
- with weights, 216, 217.
-
Jumping-weights (ἁλτῆρες), 214f.;
- as attribute of pentathletes, 164;
- on bronze statue in Berlin, 164;
- dedications of, 22;
- forms of, 214f.;
- club-like form, 215;
- semispherical, 215;
- forms of, divided by Philostratos, 215;
- shown on vases, 215;
- on mosaic in Lateran, 215;
- not in Homer, 214;
- on r.-f. kylix in Munich, 164;
- on relief from Sparta, 164;
- on Roman copies of Greek athlete statues, 215;
- on statue of Hysmon, at Olympia, 164;
- on statues in Dresden and Florence, 215;
- stone, from Corinth and Olympia, 215;
- on tree-trunk beside statue, 164;
- use of, according to Aristotle and Philostratos, 216;
- use of, in medical gymnastics, 21;
- use of, according to vase-paintings, 216.
- Justin, on chariot-groups at Delphi, 26.
-
Ka-aper, wood statue of, in Cairo, 330;
- statue of “wife” of, so-called, in Cairo, 330.
- Kabbadias, P., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81.
- Kabeirion, statuette from, 28.
-
Kalamis, sculptor, 36, 324;
- Kalamis and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo type, 89;
- characterized, 90, 279;
- chariot-groups by, 23;
- criticism of, by Cicero, 60;
- horse-groups by, 24, 279;
- horses by, characterized by Pliny, 62;
- jockeys on horseback by, 23;
- Kalamis and nude charioteer from Esquiline, 276;
- Kalamis and Onatas, 219, 264, 267, 268;
- Kalamis and Praxiteles, 268;
- as predecessor of Pheidias, 279;
- statues at Olympia by, set up by the Akragantines, 130;
- Kalamis as unrivalled sculptor of horses, 279.
- Kalkmann, A., on Herakles Alexikakos of Hagelaïdas, 110;
- Kallias, statue at Athens, 27, 182, 183, 365;
- Kallikles, sculptor, 365.
- Kallikrates, dates of victories of, at Olympia, 301;
- Kallimachos, on statues of Euthymos being struck by lightning, 364.
- Kallippos, bribes opponents and is fined, 34.
- Kallistratos, characterizes Skopas, 309.
- Kalliteles, statue at Olympia, 265, 347.
- Kallon, sculptor, 122, 125.
- Kallon, victor, statue at Olympia, 121.
- Kalydonian boar hunt, represented in Tegea pediment group, 307.
- Kanachos, the Elder, sculptor, 24, 118, 120, 279, 324, 336;
- Kanachos, the Younger, sculptor, 120.
- Kantharos, sculptor, 122.
- Kaphisias, sculptor, 368, 375.
- Kapros, boxing-match with Kleitomachos, 247;
- Karrhotos, charioteer, 267.
- Kasia Mnasithea, statue base at Olympia, 360.
- Kassel, statue of Apollo in, 360;
- Kastor, victor in foot-race at Olympia, 96;
- Kebriones, 5.
- Kekulé, on the Idolino, 141, 142;
- Kephisodotos, sculptor, 252.
- Kerameikos, Athens, 11.
- Keramopoullos, A. D., on the Delphi Charioteer, 278.
- Kerykeion, symbol of Hermes, 71, 72, 78, 82, 88, etc. Kettle, prize at early games, 20.
- Kicking, allowed in pankration, 246, 247.
- Kietz, on the Standing Diskobolos, 78.
- Kimon, son of Miltiades, 18.
- Kimon, son of Stesagoras, bronze mares of, at Athens, 27, 363.
- Kirchhoff, A., on statue of Hermolykos on Akropolis, 373.
- Kirghiz, the, of India, funeral games among, 12.
- Kittos, boxing and wrestling scenes on Panathenaic amphora of, 248.
- Kitylos and Dermys, grave-figures of, from Tanagra, 335.
- Kladeos, the, river at Olympia, 299, 342, 357, 358.
- Klazomenai, paintings from, 52;
- Klein, W., on the Boston Charioteer (?), 275;
- Kleito; see Polykleitos. Kleitomachos, statue at Olympia, 353;
- Kleitor, son of Azan, 9.
- Kleitor, relief from, 132.
- Kleobis (?), statue of, from Delphi, 105.
- Kleoitas, sculptor, 27.
- Kleomedes, heroized at death, 35.
- Kleomenes, sculptor, 85.
-
Kleon, sculptor, 69, 120, 121, 164;
- leg position of statues by, 159.
- Kleonai, 17.
- Kleosthenes, King of Pisa, 15.
- Kleosthenes, of Epidamnos, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 23, 266, 344, 345.
- Knee-runners, on bronze tripod reliefs, 194;
- Knights, Helbig on Greek, 282;
- Knossos, bull-grappling at, 1, 2;
- Koblanos, sculptor, 242.
- Kodias (Κῳδίας), jumping-weight of, 40.
- Koehler, U., on the Apoxyomenos of Vatican, 290.
- Koerte, on name “Apollo” for early statues, 335.
- Korai, statues of, on Akropolis, 53, 115.
- Koroibos, victor in first recorded Olympiad, 15, 191.
- Kostobokoi, barbarian invaders of Greece, 370, 371.
- Kouroniotis, K., letter of, quoted 327.
- Kranaos, or Granianos, statue near Sikyon, 370.
- Krates, victor as herald at Olympia, 283.
-
Kratinos, statue at Olympia, 122;
- set up by trainer of, 31.
- Kratisthenes, chariot-group of, at Olympia, 179, 268.
- Kresilas, sculptor, 36, 93;
- Kresilæan athlete head, five copies of, 144, 145.
- Kreugas, crowned after death, 247;
- Krison, statue ascribed to, by Furtwaengler, 200.
- Kritios, sculptor, 115, 126, 173, 174;
- Kritodamos, statue at Olympia, 120, 344, 352.
- Krobylos, old Attic hair-fashion, 51, 52, 89, 128, 135, 270.
- Krokon, dedicates small bronze horse at Olympia, 23, 279.
-
Kronos, altar of, at Olympia, 16;
- wrestling match of, with Zeus, 14.
- Krotonians, famed as pentathletes, 60.
- Ktesibios, philosopher, on ball-playing, 84.
- Kylon, conspiracy of, in Athens, 362;
- Kylon, of Elis, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
- Kyniska, bronze horses of, at Olympia, 265, 267;
- Kyniskos, statue at Olympia, 74, 117, 239;
- Kynosarges, Attic amphora from Gymnasion of, 13.
- Kypselos, chest of, at Olympia, 12, 13.
- Kypselos, King of Arkadia, 57.
- Kyrene, the Dionysia at, 50;
- Kyrnos, battle of, 373.
- Ladas, of Sparta, fleetness of, 364;
- Lakonia, statues of Herakles in, 319.
- Laloux and Monceaux, on Philandridas head, 294.
-
Lamia, date of battle of, 301;
- relief from, 132.
- Lampos, chariot-group at Olympia, 268.
- Lancellotti (or Massimi) Diskobolos, 184 and note 2. Lange, F. A., on Egyptian influence on early Greek culture, 332.
-
Lange, J., on law of “frontality,” 175, 328;
- on Olympia gable sculptures, 114.
- Lansdowne Herakles, statue, 81, 82;
- Laokoön, the, group, Pliny’s praise of, 61;
- Las, statue of Herakles near, 319.
- Lasso, boy throwing, wrongly identified with statue of kneeling youth from Subiaco, 196.
-
Lateran, athlete mosaic in, 215;
- boxers on relief in, 238.
- Laurel, as prize at Delphi, 20, 21.
- Laurentum, now Castel Porziano, 184.
- Leaf, W., on chariot-race in the Iliad, 8.
- Leaping-weights; see Jumping-weights. Lechat, on bronze statue found in sea off Antikythera, 84;
- Leg, right lower, fragment of victor statue, 322;
- Lekythion, athletic attribute, 84.
- Lekythos, 137, 138.
- Lemnian Athena, the, statue in Dresden, 53.
- Lemniskos, 155, 156.
- Leon, statue of, 366.
- Leonidaion, the, (Suedwestbau), at Olympia, 339, 340, 346, 347, 348, 350, 353, 355, 356.
-
Leonidas, at Thermopylæ, 51;
- funeral games in honor of, 11.
- Leonidas, of Naxos, statue at Olympia, 346, 347.
- Leontiskos, painter, 29.
- Leontiskos, of Sicily, statue at Olympia, 62, 179, 183, 249.
-
Lessing, characterization of Diadoumenos and Doryphoros by, 152;
- on most fruitful moment to be chosen by artist, 178.
- See Laokoön.
- Libation-pourer, statue of, 143, 144.
-
Libation-pouring, 138f.
Libya, figure in Delphi group, 277;
- oracle of, 31.
- Lichas, statue at Olympia, 31, 342;
- Life, athlete, happy, 36.
- Lifelike statues, 59.
- Life-size statues at Olympia, 46.
- Ligourió, bronze statuette from, 105, 111, 114.
- Limping Man, the, statue at Syracuse, 182.
- Lindos, temple of Athena at, 345.
- Loeb collection, Munich, bronze group of wrestlers in, 232, 233;
-
Loeschke, G. L., on appellation “Apollo” for early statues, 335;
- on statue of Kylon on Akropolis, 362 and note 7.
- Loewy, E., on Delian Diadoumenos, 92;
- Loin-cloth, of athletes, 47;
- Lokroi, Ozolian, colonization of the, 201.
- Lokros, ancestor of the Ozolian Lokroi, 201.
- Longpérier, H. A., on bronze statuette in Paris, 142.
- Long race (δόλιχος), at Olympia, 190;
-
Lucian, on apples as prizes at Delphi, 21, 107;
- on art criticism, 60;
- criticism of Hegias, Kritios, and Nesiotes, by, 175;
- description of Diskobolos by, 186, 187;
- ideal statue of, 60;
- on life-size victor statues, 45, 227;
- on prohibition against biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
- on statue of Pelichos, 56;
- on statue of Theagenes on Thasos, 364.
- Lucius Verus, coins of, 21.
- Luctator anhelans, painting of, by Naukeros, 233.
- Lykaia, the, statues at the games of, 26.
- Lykaios, Mount, in Arkadia, hippodrome on, 258.
- Lykidas, of Sparta, enters colts as full-grown horses at Olympia, 259.
- Lykinos, of Elis, statue at Olympia, 343.
- Lykinos, of Heraia, statue at Olympia, 121.
- Lykinos, of Sparta, two statues at Olympia, 24, 29, 265, 266.
- Lykios, sculptor, 134, 243.
- Lykomedes, bases of two statues at Olympia, 358.
- Lykourgos, of Sparta, 15, 51.
- Lykourgos, rhetorician, 27.
- Lyre-playing, at Delphi, 25.
- Lyres, in Parthenon, 23.
- Lysandros, statue at Olympia, 343.
- Lysippos, of Elis, victor statue of, by Andreas, 118, 354.
-
Lysippos, sculptor, 36, 375;
- as art reformer, 301;
- borrows from other sculptors, 291;
- canon of, 68, 69, 136, 288;
- characteristics of, 311;
- chariot-groups by, 23;
- circle of, 131, 255;
- as court sculptor of Alexander, 296, 318;
- criticism of, by Pliny, 61;
- date of, 300f.;
- dates of Lysippos, Skopas, and Praxiteles, 301;
- divergent style of, 253;
- follows Doryphoros and nature, 301;
- improvements in hair technique by, 53, 296;
- influence of, on realism, 56;
- influenced by Skopas, 291, 301;
- inscription on base of statue in Pharsalos by, 287;
- Lansdowne Herakles ascribed to, 313;
- Lysippos and Skopas compared, 311f.;
- Lysippos and type of weary Herakles, 253;
- makes 1500 statues, 302;
- Philandridas head at Olympia, by, 298;
- portraiture after time of, 54;
- poses of statues of, 44;
- regarded exclusively as bronze founder, 302;
- statue of Agias by, 286, 366;
- statues of destringentes se, by, 136;
- statues of, at Olympia, 121, 266;
- surpasses earlier artists in symmetry, 66;
- as worker in marble, 302f.
- Lysistratos, sculptor, first to make plaster moulds from face, 56, 255, 304. Macedon, coins of, showing racing chariots, 262;
- Mach, E. von, against oriental influence on Greek sculpture, 329;
-
Madrid, copy of Diadoumenos in, 153;
- Ildefonso group in, 153.
- Mæcenas, and victor privileges in Rome, 33.
-
Magna Græcia, cities of, honor victors, 35;
- fond of hippodrome contests, 258.
- Magnesia ad Sipylum, victor statue base from, 370.
- Mahler, A., on copies of Doryphoros, 224;
- Maiden, figure of, in chariot-groups, 268.
- Maltho, gymnasium in Elis, 370.
- Manetho, Egyptian dynasties of, 330.
- Mantua, statue of Apollo in, 111.
-
Marathon, battle of, 18, 209;
- Herakleia, the, at, 18.
-
Marble, less expensive than bronze, 28;
- some victor statues made of, at Olympia, 324.
- Markianopolis, coin of, 87.
- Markios, Gnaios, base of statue at Olympia, 359.
- Marsyas, the, statue by Myron, 134, 183, 184.
- Masks, dedication of, 22.
- Massimi Diskobolos; see Lancellotti Diskobolos. Materials of Olympic victor statues, 321f. Matz and von Duhn, on so-called Diomedes, in Palazzo Valentini, Rome, 207.
- Mau, A., on the Praying Boy of Berlin, 132.
- Mausoleion, Halikarnassos, chariot frieze from, 271, 289;
- Mausolos, games in honor of, 11.
-
Maviglia, Ada, on Diadoumenos of Delos, 93;
- rejects the Apoxyomenos and the Agias as evidence of style of Lysippos, 290.
-
Mayer, M., on athlete (?) statue from Olympieion, 143;
- on Myron’s pristae, 188.
- Medes, the, 11.
- Mediterranean culture, 1;
- Megakles, victor at Olympia, 363.
- Megara, colossal torso of “Apollo” from, 336.
-
Megara Hyblaia, Sicily, necropolis in, 337;
- statue of Zeus of, at Olympia, 344.
- Meleager, head of, on Praxitelian trunk in Medici Gardens, Rome, 313;
- Melikertes, 10.
- Melite, deme of, 110.
- Melos, “Apollo” from, 100, 101, 103, 104.
- Memorials, miscellaneous, of victors, 40, 41.
-
Memphis, motion statuettes from, 177;
- art of, 330.
- Mende, offering of people of, at Olympia, 164, 341.
- Mendel, M., excavations of, at Tegea, 306;
- Menedemos, bases of two statues at Olympia, 358.
- Menelaos, sculptor, 113.
-
Mengs, Raphael, painter, cast from collection of, showing swollen ears, 169;
- on proportions, 68.
- Messana, coins of, showing mule-car, 263.
-
Messene, coins of, 111;
- hierothesion at, 19.
- Messenians, of Naupaktos, 110.
- Metageitnion, month of, 18.
- Metellus Macedonicus, base of statue at Olympia, 348.
- Metrobios, T. Phlabios (Flavius), base of statue at Iasos, 369.
- Metrodoros, Aurelios, base of statue at Kyzikos, 371.
- Michaelis, A., on apobates chariot-race on Parthenon frieze, 272;
-
Middle Kingdom, Egypt, dates of, 330 and note 6;
- sculptures of, 330.
- Mikon, of Athens, sculptor, 61, 62, 129.
- Mikon, of Syracuse, sculptor, 375.
- Mikythos, or Smikythos, group dedicated at Olympia by, 215, 351.
- Milchhoefer, A., on painting by Eupompos, 160.
- Miletos, coins of, 74, 118, 119, 336.
- Military runner (δρομοκῆρυξ), 209.
- Milo, statue at Olympia, 31, 106f., 130, 165, 337.
- Miltiades, games in honor of, on Thracian Chersonesos, 11.
- Miltiades, son of Kypselos, votive offering at Olympia, 264, 265.
- Minoans, the, of Crete, 1;
- Mnaseas, statue at Olympia, 161, 179, 181.
- Mnesiboulos, statue in Elateia, 204, 371.
- Monceaux; see Laloux and Monceaux. Mopsos, boxing match with Admetos, 285.
- Mosaic, athlete, in Lateran, Rome, 215.
- Mosso, A., on Boxer Vase, 6;
- Motion statues, antiquity of, in Greece, 176f.;
-
Motives, general, of statues in motion, 188f.;
- at rest, 130f.
- Mounot, Étienne, sculptor, 185.
- Mueller, K. O., on common features of victor statues, 44.
- Mule-car, on Rhegian and Messanian coins, 263.
- Mule-race (ἀπήνη); see Chariot-race with mules. Munich King, statue so-called, 226.
- Muscles, in Cretan art, 3, 4.
- Muses, group of, by Hagelaïdas, Arostokles and Kanachos, 118.
- Musical contests, dedications for, at Olympia and elsewhere, 283f.;
- Mussius, L., gravestone of, 72.
- Mycenæ, 1, 7;
- Mykale, battle of, 373.
- Myrina, terra-cotta statuettes from, 135.
-
Myron, sculptor, 183f., 324, 353, 375;
- αὐτάρκεια of, 183;
- criticism of, by Cicero, 60;
- by Pliny, 180, 184;
- dated by Pliny, 61;
- love of movement of, 183;
- Myron and Hermes Ludovisi, 85;
- Myron and Pythagoras, difficulty of separating works of, 181, 245;
- Myron and Standing Diskobolos, 76;
- Olympic victor statues by, 129, 187f., 245, 333;
- poses of victor statues by, 44;
- pupil of Hagelaïdas, 110;
- as realist, 188;
- statue of Ladas by, 196f.;
- surpasses Polykleitos in rhythm and symmetry, 66;
- versatility of, 188;
- victor statues at Delphi by, 26, 188.
- Myron, tyrant of Sikyon, dedicates bronze chapel at Olympia, 41.
- Mytilene, statue from, 92.
- Narkissos, 158.
- Narykidas, base of statue at Olympia, 342.
- Natalis, L. Minikios (Minicius), equestrian monument at Olympia, 37.
- Natural History, of Pliny; see Historia Naturalis. Naturalism, in Greek Art, 44.
- Naukratis, Egypt, 105, 329, 334.
- Naukydes, sculptor, 76, 117, 120;
- Naupaktos, 110.
- Nausikaa, 83.
- Naxos, “Apollo” from, 328, 334;
- Nelson, Philip, head in collection of, 157.
-
Nemea, athletes at, divided into three classes, by ages, 189;
- athletic contests at, 25;
- athletic interest of, secondary to that of Olympia, 25;
- boy contests at, 25;
- festival at, 1;
- founded by Adrastos, 17;
- held every two years, 17;
- in honor of Opheltes or Archermoros, 10;
- later in honor of a god, 9;
- origin of, 9;
- records of victors at, 21;
- relief from, 132;
- retired valley of, 25;
- revived by Hadrian, 17;
- statues of victors at, 26;
- statues of victors at, in Athens, 27;
- summarily treated by Pausanias, 24;
- transferred to Argos, 17;
- under Argive influence, 17;
- the Nemea of Thebes, 27.
- Nemead, first dated, 17.
- Nemesis, statue by Agorakritos at Rhamnous, 182.
- Neolaïdas, statue at Olympia, 120.
- Nepos, on first date of representing athlete statues in motion, 173.
- Nero, coins of, 21;
- Nesiotes, sculptor, criticism of, by Lucian, 60.
- Nestor, 8;
- Net, on Vapheio cup, 5.
-
New Empire, Egypt, dates of, 331 and note 2;
- sculptures of, 331.
- Nida-Haddernheim, terra-cotta statuette from, 202.
- Nikandre, statue of, 177.
- Nikandros, statue at Olympia, 121.
- Nikanor, fragment of base of statue at Olympia, 359.
- Nikarchos, base of statue at Olympia, 356.
- Nike, the, of Archermos, 177;
- Nikeratos, date of archonship of, 194.
- Nikeus, casts stone diskos, 218.
- Nikodamos, sculptor, 244.
- Nikokles, victor monument at Akriai, 372.
-
Nikomachos, painter, 268;
- Victoria quadrigam in sublime rapiens by, 268.
- Nineveh, reliefs from, 330.
- Niobid, identified with statue of youth from Subiaco, 195.
- Nordostgraben, the, at Olympia, 358.
- Nordwestgraben, the, at Olympia, 356.
- North Greek-Thracian school of sculpture, 114.
- Noses, bloody, on vase-paintings, 167.
- Novus Annus (?), nude statue found in Rhine identified as, 276.
- Nudity, characteristic of archaic statues, 335;
- Nudus talo incessens, statue by Polykleitos, 158, 249, 250;
- Numismatic commentary on Pausanias, 306.
- Ny-Carlsberg Museum, Copenhagen, archaic head of youth in, 128;
- Nymphs, altar at Olympia, 351.
- Odysseus, 8.
- Oibotas, statue at Olympia, 30, 32, 333, 343, 351.
- Oil, used in wrestling, 165.
- Oil-flask, on r.-f. kylix in Munich, 164.
- Oil-pourer, bronze statuette of, from South Italy, 135;
- Oil-pouring, on gems, reliefs and terra-cotta statuettes, 135.
- Oil-scraping, as athletic motive, 135f. Oinoanda, base of victor statue from, 371.
- Oinomaos, chariot-race with Pelops, 14, 259;
- Olaidas, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
-
Old Kingdom, Egypt, dates of, 330 and note 3;
- sculptures of, 330.
- Olive, crown of, as prize at Olympia, 155f.;
-
Olympia, account of monuments at, by Pausanias, 24;
- age of boy victors at, 189;
- antiquity of, from excavations and religious history, 16;
- athletes at, divided into two classes, by ages, 189;
- boxer head from, 62;
- celebrated every four years, 15;
- controlled by Eleans alone after Persian wars, 15;
- early controlled by Pisa, 15;
- early overshadowed by Delphi and Delos, 14, 15;
- founded before Dorian invasion, 14;
- funeral origin of, 9;
- German excavations at, 43;
- history of, 14;
- held in honor of a god, 9;
- held in honor of Pelops, 10;
- importance of, from seventh century B. C., 15;
- later controlled by Pisa and Elis, 15;
- prehistoric buildings at, 16, 349;
- sacrifices at, to Pelops and Zeus, 11;
- as sanctuary prior to advent of Achæans, 14;
- style of head of athlete (Philandridas) from, 293f.;
- style of gable statues from, 113, 114;
- traditional history of, by Pausanias and Strabo, 15;
- two figures from West gable of temple of Zeus from, 195;
- victor statues in Altis at, 26; etc.
- Olympia register, 15.
- Olympiad, first dated, 15;
- Olympieion, statue from ruins of, 143.
- Olympos, sculptor, 120.
- Omphalos, from Athens, 89.
- Onatas, sculptor, 122;
- Onomastos, games of, at Cumae, 20.
- Onomastos, of Smyrna, institutes boxing rules at Olympia, 235.
- Opheltes, 10.
- Opis, group of, at Delphi, by Onatas, 125.
-
Opportunity (Καιρός), altar at Olympia, 76;
- statue by Lysippos, 250.
-
Orchomenos, “Apollo” from, 100, 101, 103, 328, 334;
- ceiling of treasury of, 329.
- Orestes, as his own charioteer, 267.
- Oriental influence on early Greek art, 328f. Originals of victor statues at Olympia, 62f., 322.
- Orpheus and Telete, victor group on Helikon, 284.
- Orsippos, first athlete to drop the loin-cloth, 47.
- Osthalle, the, at Olympia, 358.
- Overbeck, J., on Farnese Herakles, 253;
- Oxylos, King of Dorian Eleans, 15.
-
Oxyrhynchus Papyri, the, 31;
- order of contestants at Olympia in, 189.
- Paianios, statue at Olympia, 234.
- Paidotribes, or trainer of athletes, 229, 236, 248.
- Paint, used on sculptures, 326.
- Painting, competition in, at Delphi, 25.
- Paintings, as victor monuments, 28.
- Paionios, sculptor, 113;
- Palæstra, absent in Homer, 7;
-
Palaistra, the, at Olympia, 347, 355, 356, 359, 360, etc.;
- at Pompeii, 224.
-
Palatine, the, at Rome, 50;
- fragment of leg of statue from, 89.
- Palladion, carried off by Diomedes, 169.
- Palm, the, as common measure in proportions, 68.
- Palm-branch, on so-called Apollo-on-the-Omphalos and Apollo Choiseul-Gouffier, 161;
- Palm-wreath, common to many games, 21, 160.
- Pammachos, statue at Thebes, 368.
- Pamphilos, grave-relief of, in Vienna, 97.
- Pan, Doryphoros converted into, 74.
- Panathenaia, the; see Panathenaic games. Panathenaic amphoræ, runners on, 106, 194;
-
Panathenaic games, Great, Athens, acrobatic feats at, 20;
- contest of beauty at, 57;
- dedication of victor in chariot-race at, 129;
- held every fourth year, 18;
- hydria as prize at, 20;
- jars of oil as prizes at, 20;
- money as prizes at, 33;
- origin of, 17;
- paintings dedicated by victors at, 29;
- remodeled by Solon, 17;
- statue of boy victor at, in Athens, 27.[s/b ;]
- Little, annual Athenian festival, 18.
- Pancratiasts, 246f.;
- Pan-hellenic fame of victors at four national games, 33.
-
Panionia, the, festival at Mykale, 19.
Pankration(παγκράτιον), Artemidoros on, 247;
- biting and gouging allowed at Sparta in, 246;
- boys’ contest introduced at Olympia, 247;
- boys’ contests outside Olympia, 247;
- as combination of boxing and wrestling, 246;
- contrasted with wrestling, 246;
- as dangerous sport, 246;
- eight Pindaric odes in honor of, 246;
- etymology of word, 246;
- “fairest” of contests, 246;
- fight on ground, 248;
- grips and throws shown on vases, 247;
- introduced at Olympia, 247;
- invented by Theseus or Herakles, 247;
- not in Homer, 247;
- not so brutal as popularly believed, 246;
- often ended with preliminary sparring, 249;
- often resulted in death, 247;
- pankration and wrestling on same day, 93, 94;
- popularity of, at Olympia, 247;
- rules of, 246.
- Panodoros, 371.
- Pantares, statue at Olympia, 354.
- Pantarkes, favorite of Pheidias, 150.
- Pantarkes, victor statue at Olympia, 150, 151.
- Pantheion, the, at Olympia, 21.
- Pantias, sculptor, 268, 279.
- Papyrus, containing wrestling instructions, 229.
- Paris, statue by Euphranor, 83.
- Parnon, Mount, statue of Herakles on, 319.
- Paros, torso of ephebe from Akropolis, work of sculptor from, 127.
- Parrhasios, painter, 29, 67, 206.
- Parsley, not used as prize wreath at Nemea, 21.
- Parthenon, frieze of the, 18, 53, 86, 151;
- Pasiteles, sculptor, 60, 112;
- Patrokles, sculptor, 117, 120, 131, 138, 141.
- Patroklos, contests at funeral games of, 8;
-
Pausanias, King of Sparta, flees from ephors, 367;
- funeral games in honor of, at Sparta, 11.
-
Pausanias, the Periegete, on art, 61;
- description of Greece by, 43;
- description of victor statues in Altis by, 339;
- on girl runners at the Heraia at Olympia, 49, 50;
- on honor and victor statues, 39;
- mentions only part of victor statues in Altis, 324;
- on origin of Olympic games, 15;
- periegesis of Altis by, 190;
- on reason for Pythian air being played at pankration, 284, 285;
- routes (ἔφοδοι) of, in Altis, 339, 341f., 348f.;
- on similarity between Greek and Egyptian sculptures, 330;
- on statue of Euthymos, at Olympia, 183;
- use of words ἐν ἀριστερᾷ and ἐν δεξιᾷ by, 299;
- on victor statues of poets and musicians on Helikon, 284;
- on votive character of victor statues at Athens and Olympia, 38; etc.
- Payne Knight bronze statuette, so-called, in British Museum, 108, 119.
- Peace, temple of, in Rome, 366.
- Pearl-string hair technique, 53.
- Peisanos, M. Antonios Kallippos, statue at Olympia, 359.
- Peisirhodos, victor at Olympia, 47, 49.
- Peisistratidai, 128.
-
Peisistratos, tyrant, 363;
- head of, so-called, 181.
- Peisthetairos, in Aves of Aristophanes, 206.
- Pelias, funeral games of, 11;
- Pelichos, statue of, 56.
- Pelopion, the, at Olympia, 348, 349, 350, 357.
- Peloponnesian sculptors, 109f., 114.
- Pelops, chariot-race with Oinomaos, 14, 259;
- Pensive expression, in portraits of Alexander, 296.
- Pentaëteris, or four-year festival, 17.
- Pentathletes, attributes of, 164, 165;
-
Pentathlon, the, accompanied by flute, 284;
- all-round development from, 59, 211;
- boys’, introduced at Olympia, 210;
- events in, on r.-f. vases, 210;
- five events of, 9, 210;
- diskos throwing, 218f.;
- javelin throwing, 222f.;
- jumping, 214f.;
- jumping most difficult part of, 216;
- jumping-weights used in, 214;
- men’s introduced at Olympia, 210;
- not in Homer, 9, 210;
- Pythian air played at, 285.
- Pergamon, dying Gaul statues from, 255;
-
Periandros, tyrant, gold statue vowed by, 266;
- refounds Isthmian games, 17.
- Periboëtos, statue of satyr known as the, 144.
- Perikles, 52, 362;
-
Perinthos, head from, 179, 180, 181;
- prototype of Riccardi and Ince Blundell heads, 181.
- Peripatetics, criticism of Greek sculpture by the, 58.
- Perixyomenoi, statues of, 136.
- Perrot and Chipiez, on so-called dying hoplite relief, 209.
-
Perseus and head of Medusa, on engraved gem, 83;
- Perseus and Danaë, in a chest, 188.
-
Persian Wars, 51;
- sack of Akropolis during, 126.
- Perugia, statuette of diver (?) from, 217.
- Pesaro, the Idolino found at, 141.
- Petasos, as attribute of Hermes, 108, 207, note 1, etc. Peter cista, the, in Vatican, 243.
-
Petersen E., on Kyniskos’ statue, 159;
- on Pythokles’ statue base, 212.
-
Petrograd, head of athlete in, 180; etc.
Petworth House, Sussex, Kresilæan head of athlete in, 145;
- statue of ephebe in, 133.
- Phaistos, theatral area at, 3.
- Phanas, head ascribed to, 163;
-
Pharsalos, home of Daochos, 286;
- statue base of the Agias at, 303.
- Phaÿllos, record diskos-throw of, 216;
- Pheidias, 36, 110;
- Pheidippides, runner, 209.
- Pheidolas, sons of, monument at Olympia, 23, 279.
- Pheidon, king of Argos, 15.
- Pheneus, games at, 76.
- Pherenike, mother of Peisirhodos, 47, 49.
- Phigalia, victor statue of Arrhachion in market-place of, 326.
- Philandridas, date of victory of, 300;
-
Philesian Apollo, of elder Kanachos, 74, 107, 108, 118–120, 336 and note 1;
- “double” of, in Thebes, 304.
- Philinos, statue at Olympia, 30, 55.
- Philios, D., on dying hoplite relief, so-called, 209.
- Philip II, king of Macedon, coin of, showing victorious jockey with palm-branch, 280;
- Philippeion, the, at Olympia, 353, 355, 356, 357, 358.
- Philippopolis, coin of, 78.
- Philippos, of Kroton, Olympic victor, heroön of, at Egesta, 35, 57, 363.
- Philippos, of Pellene, inscribed bronze plate from victor statue base at Olympia, 244f. Philistos, monument base at Olympia, 357.
- Phillen, or Philys, statue at Olympia, 344.
- Philon, statue at Olympia, 122.
- Philonides, courier of Alexander, honor statue at Olympia, 42, 346, 356, 359.
- Philonides, sculptor, 109, 266.
- Philonikos, base of statue at Olympia, 358.
- Philokrates, base of statue at Olympia, 368.
- Philoktetes, in Sophokles’ drama, the Philoctetes, 59.
- Philostratos, of Rhodes, adversary of Straton at Olympia, 34.
-
Philostratos, on athletes wearing coarse mantle, 47;
- on Eleans allowing strangling in pankration, 246;
- on jumping-weights, 215, 216;
- on method of putting on boxing thongs, 236;
- on omitted 211th Olympiad, 369;
- on pankration as “fairest of contests,” 246;
- on prohibition against biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
- on reason for nudity of Olympic athletes, 47;
- on Spartans allowing biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
- on statue of Milo, 106, 337;
- on style of long race, 194;
- on reason for Pythian air being played at pentathlon, 285.
- Philotimos, sculptor, 123, 264, 268, 279.
- Philoumenos, inscription from base of statue of, 371.
- Philys; see Phillen.
- Phlegon, on olive crown, 20.
- Phœnicians, the, transmit Assyrian and Egyptian designs to Greece, 330.
- Phokis, confederacy of, sets up statue at Olympia, 30.
- Phormis, offering at Olympia, 28, 62, 163, 264.
- Phorystas, base of statue from Tanagra, 368.
- Phradmon, sculptor, 117.
-
Phrikias, head ascribed to, 162, 163, 353;
- statue at Olympia, 106.
- Phrixos, on shield relief, 162.
- Physical differences, in athletes, 59.
- Piankhi, King of Aethiopia and invader of Egypt, 331.
- Pictorial hair technique, 53.
- Pinakotheke, the, at Athens, 29.
- Pinax, of victresses at the Heraia, at Olympia, 49;
-
Pindar, on boxing and wrestling, 8;
- on connection of Pelops with Olympia, 10;
- on early value of bronze, 19;
- on non-existence of the pentathlon in heroic days, 210;
- ode on flutist Sakadas, 284;
- scholia on, 26, 130, 190;
- seventh Olympic ode of, 343;
- sings praises of victors, 36;
- sixth Pythian ode of, 267;
- writes eight odes in praise of pankration, 246.
- Pine, the, at the Isthmus, 21;
- Piombino, bronze statuette from, 118.
- Pison, sculptor, 278.
- Plane-tree Grove, Sparta, 319, 367.
- Plastic hair technique, 53.
- Platæa, the Eleutheria at, 11.
- Platæan Zeus, the, statue at Olympia, 344.
-
Plato, on boys’ stade-race, 191;
- divides athletes into three classes, 189;
- on Egyptian art, 60;
- on happy life of victors, 36;
- on length of stade-race for boys, 191;
- on length of stade-race for ephebes, 191;
- on loin-cloth, 48;
- mentions σφαῖραι, 237;
- on mythical origin of wrestling, 228;
- omits pankration in his ideal state, 246;
- protests against competition in athletics, 36;
- on swollen ear of athletes, 167.
- Plectra, in Parthenon, 23.
-
Pliny, on Alkamenes’ Enkrinomenos, 77;
- on the Apoxyomenos of Lysippos, 289;
- on art, 60, 61;
- on custom of setting up statues of victors at Olympia, 27, 324, 354;
- on Euphranor’s canon, 69;
- on Eutychides, sculptor, 121;
- on Greek origin of equestrian monuments, 24;
- Historia Naturalis of, 43, 321;
- on iconic statues, 54, 55;
- on Kanachos’ statue of the Philesian Apollo, 118;
- on Kanachos’ celetizontes pueri, 120;
- on Kresilas’ portrait of Perikles, 56;
- on Lysippos’ proportions, 46;
- on Lysistratos making portraits from plaster moulds, 56;
- on monotony in the art of Polykleitos, 152, 226;
- on Myron, 184;
- on nudity of athletes, 47;
- on the nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 249, 250;
- on representing victors by paintings, 29;
- on the sculptor Apellas, 267;
- on the Splanchnoptes of Styphax, 143;
- on statue of pancratiast at Delphi by Pythagoras, 26;
- on statue represented in prayer, 130;
- on statue of victors by Myron at Delphi, 26;
- on symmetry, 66; etc.
- Plutarch, on Apollo as boxer, 88;
- Plutus, the, of Aristophanes, quoted, 36.
- Poetic competitions at Delphi, 25.
-
Poets, statues on Helikon, 284;
- statues at Olympia, 285.
-
Polemon, on statue of Leon, 366;
- on statue of Epicharinos, 372.
- Polites, victor at Olympia, 354.
- Pollux, describes game of σκαπέρδη, 236.
- Pollux; see Polydeukes. Pollux, the statue in Louvre, so-called, 180, 181, 188, 245.
- Polybios, on Kleitomachos, boxer of Thebes, 147.
- Polychalchos, surname of Spartan victor Polykles, 266.
- Polydamas, relief from base of statue of, 303;
- Polydeukes, boxing-match with Amykos on Ficoroni cista, 269;
-
Polykleitos, the Elder, sculptor, 117, 118;
- Apoxyomenos of, 136;
- called Kleito by Sokrates, in Xenophon’s Memorabilia, 59;
- canon of, 68, 111, 136, 148, 288;
- characteristics of, 152;
- date of, by Pliny, 61;
- destringentesse of, 136, 288;
- Diadoumenos of, 152, 154;
- Doryphoros of, 211, 224f.;
- as idealist, 188;
- influence of, on Lysippos, 291;
- influenced by Attic art, 152;
- innovation of, in statue poses, 226;
- monotony of, 152, 226;
- poses of victor statues of, 44;
- pupil of Hagelaïdas, 110;
- pupils of, 139;
- victor statues of, 36.
- Polykleitos, the Younger, sculptor, statues of victors at Olympia by, 30, 117, 118.
- Polykles, the Elder, sculptor, 129, 324.
- Polykles, victor group at Olympia, 150, 266.
- Polymedes, sculptor, 105.
- Polypeithes, chariot-group at Olympia, 23, 265, 347.
- Polyxenos, statue at Olympia, 359.
- Polyzalos, brother of Gelo, 278.
- Pomegranate, attribute of victor statues, 107, 165.
-
Pompeii, Doryphoros of Polykleitos found at, 70;
- Palaistra at, 87.
- Poros sculptures, 53, 128.
- Porto d’Anzio, statue from, 135, 144.
- Portraiture, Greek, 54, 55f.;
- Poseidon, altar at Isthmus, 259;
- Poses, of victor statues, found on various sculptured and painted works, 44;
- Poulsen, F., on the Agias, 291, note 2.
- Prado, copy of Diadoumenos of Polykleitos in the, Madrid, 153.
- Praisos, seal from, 3.
- Praxidamas, wood statue at Olympia, 106, 322, 326, 333, 337, 351.
-
Praxiteles, sculptor, 36, 80;
- the Agias of Lysippos influenced by, 291;
- art of, rooted in fifth century B. C., 134;
- as bronze worker, 303;
- delicate male types of, 297;
- hair technique of, 53;
- head-type of, 77, 309;
- Praxiteles and boy athlete head from Sparta, 305, 311;
- Praxiteles and Kalamis, chariot-group by, 268;
- Praxiteles and Philandridas head from Olympia, 293;
- Praxiteles and Skopas differentiated, 311;
- statue of a ψελιουμένη by, 131.
- Prayer, as motive in votive monuments, 130;
- Praying Boy, the, statue so-called, in Berlin, 131, 132.
- Preuner, E., on inscription from statue base in Pharsalos, 286, 317, 318, 363.
- Pristae, by Myron, 188.
- Prizes, on chest of Kypselos, 13;
- Processional entrance, the, of the Altis, 347.
- Processional way, the, of the Altis, 348, 349, 350.
- Professionalism in athletics, at Olympia, 361;
- Profile, first example of Greek, 116.
- Prokles, statue at Olympia, 345, 346.
- Promachos, statues at Olympia and Pellene, 31, 304, 323, 325, 326, 367.
- Proportio, in Greek art, 66.
- Proportions, canons of, 65f.;
- Prose writers, statues at Olympia, 285.
- Protogenes, athlete painted by, 29.
- Protolaos, statue at Olympia, 179, 352.
- Prytaneion, the, in Athens, victors eat at public expense at, 32;
- Psammetichos, tyrant of Corinth, 17.
- Pseudo-Andokides, 363.
- Pseudo-Plutarch, on statue of Isokrates at Athens, 24 and note 11, 27 and note 4, 281, 373.
-
Ptoion, Mount, statues of “Apollo” from, 100, 101, 102, 103, 334;
- tripods in temple of Apollo on, 19.
- Ptolemy, Gymnasion at Athens, 166.
- Ptolichos, sculptor, 61, 122.
- Puchstein, O., on location of Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia, 349. Pummeling, allowed in pankration, 246.
- Pyanepsion, month of, 18.
- Pyrilampes, statue at Olympia, 343, 346, 353.
-
Pythagoras, sculptor, 138, 178f., 364, 375;
- dated by Pliny, 61;
- first to aim at rhythm and symmetry, 67, 179;
- first to express sinews and veins, 138;
- Pythagoras and Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89;
- Pythagoras and Delphi Charioteer, 278;
- Pythagoras and Myron, 181, 245;
- Pythagoras and Tux bronze, 207;
- statue of Delphic pancratiast by, 26, 178, 182;
- statue of mala ferens nudus by, 107;
- style of, 179;
- victor statues at Olympia, by, 36, 62, 161, 178f., 268.
- Pytheos, see Pythis. Pythes, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
- Pythia, the, festival at Delphi, 16, 17;
- Pythian air, played at pentathlon, 88, 285.
- Pythian Apollo, the, statue of, 330, 334.
- Pythis, or Pytheos, architect, 264.
- Python, the, at Delphi, 10, 25.
- Pythokles, replicas of statues of, 212f.;
- Pythokritos, flutist, honor statue at Olympia, 42, 285, 352.
- Pythokritos, sculptor, 244.
- Pyxis, from Knossos, 7.
-
Quadrigae, mentioned by Pliny, 264.
- See Chariot-race.
- Quatremère de Quincy, on Borghese Warrior, 208.
- “Quiet grandeur” (stille Grosse) of Greek Art, 57.
- Quintilian, on art, 61;
- Quintus Smyrnæus, on jumping among the Trojans, 214.
- Quiver, on Torlonia copy of the Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89.
- Quoit; see Diskos. Ram-offerer, statue by Naukydes, 78.
-
Rampin head, of Louvre, 126, 128, 176;
- hair technique of, 53.
- Ra-nefer, limestone statue in Cairo, 330.
- Rayet, on Borghese Warrior, 208.
- Rayet-Jacobsen head, so-called, in Copenhagen, 127, 128, 167, 337.
- Realism in Greek art, 56, 57, 146f.;
-
Reconstruction of Olympic victor statues, 43f.
Reinach, S., on bronze statue of youth from Antikythera, 83;
- on stone statues being placed under cover, 325.
- Reinach, Th., on bronze statue of youth found in sea off Antikythera, 81.
- Reisch, E., on javelin-throwers in sculpture, 224;
-
Reliefs, of akontistai, from Sparta, 223;
- Amphiaraos, 273;
- apobates chariot race, 272;
- Apollo, Artemis, and Leto, in Louvre, 284;
- Aristion, 124, 127;
- Boreas, in Metropolitan Museum, 194;
- boxers, in Lateran, 238;
- boy crowning self, 155;
- boxer, on bronze shield, from Mount Ida, Crete, 235;
- cap, in Rome, 166;
- charioteer, from Akropolis, 128;
- charioteer mounting chariot, 269;
- chariots, from Crete, 262;
- Dermys and Kitylos, from Tanagra, 335;
- Dioskouroi, set up by Aischylos, 96, 97;
- Dioskouroi, in London, 97;
- from Dipylon, 156;
- diskobolos, from Dipylon, 127;
- dying hoplite, from Athens, 194, 209;
- four-horse chariot, 268, 269;
- funerary, from Tanagra, 72;
- funerary, from Athens, 66;
- from Halimous, 249;
- Hermes, fragment from Athens, 270;
- hoplite runners, from Tarentum, 96;
- horse crowned by Nike, from Athens, 269;
- horseman, from Athens, 281;
- horse-racer, from Sicily, 281;
- horse-racer from Thera, 281;
- horse-racer leading horse, from Athens, 281;
- jumping-weights, from Sparta, 164;
- from Klazomenai, 264, 268;
- from Kleitor, 132;
- from Knossos, 3, 4;
- from Lamia, 132;
- from Loeb collection, Munich, 194;
- from Nemea, 132;
- palæstra victor, from Delphi, 138;
- in honor of Pamphilos and Alexandros, in Verona, 97;
- showing poses of victor statues, 44;
- as victor monuments, 28;
- war-chariots, from Mycenæ, 262.
- Religion and Greek athletics, 14.
- Remnants of victor statues at Olympia, 43.
-
Renaissance, the, 4;
- bronze copies of Spinario from period of, 202.
- “Repose” of Greek art, 57.
- “Rest” leg, motive in sculpture, 109.
- Resting after contest, athletic motive, 144.
- Rewards, money, of victors at Athens, 32.
- Rhamnous, the Nemesis of Agorakritos at, 182.
-
Rhegion, Anaxilas, tyrant of, 278;
- coins of, showing mule-car, 263.
-
Rhetoric, the, of Aristotle, 58;
- inscribed base of Olympic victor mentioned in, 367.
-
Rhexibios, wood statue at Olympia, 106, 332, 326, 337, 351;
- wrongly called oldest at Olympia by Pausanias, 333.
- Rhodes, scene of fighting combatants, in art of, 178;
-
Rhoikos, bronze founder, date of, 321;
- family of, 330.
- See also Telekles and Theodoros.
- Rhouphos, Klaudios (Rufus, Claudius), statue in Rome, 371.
-
Rhythm, definition of, 66;
- in Greek Art, 66.
- Riccardi head, 169, 180, 181, 183.
- Richardson, R. B., on bronze head from Akropolis, 114;
- Richter, G., on statuette of diskobolos in Metropolitan Museum, 220 and note 5. Ridder, A. de, on Tux bronze, 207;
-
Robert, C., on Diadoumenos of Pheidias, 150f.;
- on date of victor Kyniskos, 160.
- Robinson, D. M., 267.
-
Robinson, E., on Charioteer (?), in Boston, 275;
- on head of Hermes, in Boston, 85; etc.
- Roehl, H., on inscription referred to statue of Milo, 38.
- Roman copies of victor statues, on, 44;
- Ross, L., on inscribed base from statue of Epicharinos, 372.
- Rothschild, E. de, bronze copy of Spinario, in Paris collection of, 202.
- Rouse, W. D., on votive character of victor statues at Olympia, 39, 40.
- Routes, of Pausanias in the Altis; see Ephodoi. Runners, difference in style of various, shown by vase-paintings, 193, 194;
- Running race (δρόμος), various kinds of, 190f.;
- Sabouroff collection, head from, 128.
- Sacred war, the, 17.
- Sakadas, flutist, statue of, 284.
-
Salamis, Aeginetans at battle of, 125;
- date of battle of, 125.
- Salis, A. von, on statue from Olympieion, 143.
- Salutation, attitude of, to a divinity, in statuette in Metropolitan Museum, 133.
- Sandal-binder, statue of, so-called, with copies, 86, 87, 202, 203.
- Sandal-binding, motive of, originates with Lysippos, 86.
- Sandals, worn by charioteers, 48.
- Santa Marinella, statue from, in Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Mass., 314.
-
Sarapion, flees adversary and is fined, 34;
- two statues in Elis, 370.
- Satrap Sarcophagus, so-called, in Constantinople, 276.
-
Satyr, of Praxiteles, called Periboëtos, 144;
- statue of, in Dresden, 144.
- Sawyers (?) (pristae), group by Myron, 188.
- Scarab, chalcedony, in British Museum, 138.
- Schaefer, A., on statue of Kylon on Akropolis, 362.
- Scherer, Chr., on exclusive use of bronze in Olympic victor statues, 321;
- Scheria, games on, 210.
- Schnaase, on Farnese Herakles, 253.
- Schober, A., on Perinthos and allied heads, 181.
- Schoell, R., on votive character of victor monuments, 39.
- Scholiasts, statements of, on victor statues at Olympia, 43.
- Schrader, H., on Attic relief from the Akropolis, 271.
- Schreiber, T., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90.
- Schwabe, L., on Tux bronze, 207.
- Sciarra bronze, statuette so-called, in Rome, 119.
-
Scraper; see Strigil.
Sculptors, of Olympic victor statues, 36;
- statistics of, 375.
- Sculptura, definition of, from Pliny, 302.
- Sculpture, Greek, after Persian Wars, 278;
- Sea-monsters (?) (pristes), group by Myron, 188.
- Seasons, altar at Olympia, 351.
- Seated Boxer, statue of the, in Museo delle Terme, Rome, 145f., 168;
- See-saw (?) (pristae?), group by Myron, 188.
- Seleados, base of statue at Olympia, 346.
- Seleukos I, date of founding Antioch by, 121.
-
Selinos, coins of, showing celery wreath, 21;
- temple E at, 114.
- Sellers, Eugénie; see Strong, Mrs. Eugénie. Selling out, examples at Olympia, 33.
- Seraglio, Old, manuscript from the, 258.
- Serambos, sculptor, 123.
- Shadow-fighting; see Sparring. Sheik-el-Beled, the; see Ka-aper, statue of. Shield, as attribute of hoplitodromoi, 161;
- Siamese, funeral games among, 12.
- Sicily, cities of, honor victors, 35;
-
Sidon, Alexander Sarcophagus from, in Constantinople, 275;
- Satrap Sarcophagus from, in Constantinople, 276.
- Sikyon, athletic school of sculptors from, 58, 118f.
- Sikyonians, treasury of, at Olympia, 41, 265.
- Silanion, sculptor, 129.
-
Silver bowl, as prize at games of Patroklos, 19;
- silver cups, as prizes at Sikyonian Pythian games, 20.
- Simon, sculptor, 264, 268.
- Simonides, of Keos, 36, 47, 210.
- Singing, competition in, at Delphi, 25.
- Single-combat, between Ajax and Diomedes, in Iliad, 8.
-
Six, J., on Borghese Warrior, 208;
- on statue of Hermolykos on Akropolis, 373.
- Size of victor statues, 45f. Skenoma (Σκήνωμα), the, at Sparta, 367.
-
Skopas, sculptor, 36;
- characteristics of, 311;
- head in style of, in Capitoline Museum, Rome, 169;
- head-type of, 77;
- influence on the Agias, 291;
- intense expression of, 307;
- Kallistratos on, 309;
- knowledge of, recently augmented, 286;
- as master of expression of passion, 309;
- Philandridas head wrongly ascribed to, 293;
- Skopas and boy athlete head from Sparta, 305;
- Skopas and Lysippos compared, 311f., 315;
- style of, from Tegea heads, 306.
- Skripou, convent of, 334.
-
Skyllis, sculptor, 122, 334.
- See also Dipoinos.
- Skyros, 18.
- Slings for diskoi, on r.-f. vase, 164.
- Smikythos; see Mikythos. Smile, in archaic sculpture, 100, 126.
-
Smith, A. H., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 89, 90;
- on athlete statue from Palazzo Farnese, Rome, in British Museum, 293.
- Snail-volute, hair technique, 53.
- Snatcher, the, from East gable, temple of Aegina, 125.
- Sodamas, statue at Olympia, 354.
- Sogliano, A., on boxer statue from Sorrento, 243.
- Sokrates, philosopher, condemns “mimetic” arts, 58;
- Sokrates, victor; see Sosikrates. Solon, assigns money prizes to Olympic and Isthmian victors, 25, 32.
-
Solos, throwing of, in Iliad, 8;
- as type of diskos, 218.
- Somzée Collection, athlete from the, 176, 251.
- Songs, in honor of victors, 34.
- Sophios, statue at Olympia, 299, 342.
- Sophokles, Trachiniae of, 318.
- Sorrento, statue of boxer from, by Koblanos, 242.
- Sosikrates (or Sokrates), victor statue of, at Olympia, 200, 344.
- Sostratos, dates of Olympic victories of, 300;
- Sotades, Olympic victor, bribed and exiled, 33.
- Southeast Building, the, at Olympia, 344.
-
Sparring, preliminary, called ἀκροχερισμός in boxing and pankration, 248 and note 4;
- depicted on Ficoroni cista in Rome, 243;
- depicted on Peter cista in Rome, 243;
- as motive of boxer statues, 243;
- as motive of statuette of boxer in Vatican, 243;
- as motive of marble torso in Berlin, 243;
- preliminary in pankration, 248;
- called σκιαμαχεῖν (to shadow-fight), in boxing, 122, 243 and note 4.
- Sparta, Akropolis, of, 305;
- Spartans, allow biting and gouging in pankration, 246;
- Spear, casting of, at games of Patroklos, 8.
- Sphairians (σφαιρεῖς), title of Spartan youths, 84, 319.
- Spinario, the, statue in Rome, 201f.;
- Splanchnoptes, statue of, by Styphax, 143.
- Sponges, shown on r.-f. kylix, 164.
- Springboard, not used in Greek jumping, 216.
- Stackelberg, O. von, traveling journal of, 286, 366.
- Stade-race (δρόμος, στάδιον), 190f.;
- Stadia, absent in Homer, 7.
- Stadion, the, at Olympia, 258, 359, 360.
- Staïs, V., on Hermes of Andros, 71;
- Stamnos, r.-f., from Etruria, in Vienna, 132.
- Standard of physical development uniform in fifth century B. C., 147f. Standing Diskobolos, the statue in Vatican, 76f.;
- Standing Hermes, the, statue in Vatican, 72.
- “Stand-motif,” Polykleitan, 82.
- “Starters of the race,” epithets of Kastor and Polydeukes at Sparta, 96.
- Stassoff, on supposed Oriental origin of javelin-throwing, 222.
-
Statuettes, of ivory acrobats, from Knossos, 3;
- akontistai, two bronze, 227, 228;
- Apollo, from Naxos, in Berlin, 74, 119;
- Apollo (Payne Knight), in British Museum, 108, 119;
- Apollo, from Piombino, in Louvre, 118;
- Apollo, from Palazzo Sciarra, Rome, 119;
- apoxyomenos, in Loeb collection, Munich, 136;
- athlete, archaic, from Delphi, 28;
- athlete, from Ligourió, 105, 111, 114;
- athlete, in Louvre, 213, 214;
- boxer, from Akropolis, 28;
- boxer, from Corfu, in British Museum, 96;
- boxer, from Olympia, 28, 244;
- boxer, in Vatican Museum, 243;
- diadoumenos, terra cotta from Smyrna, in London, 154;
- diadoumenos, from Akropolis, 155;
- diskoboloi, 28, 218f.;
- diskoboloi, two bronze, from Akropolis, 222;
- diskoboloi, group in Loeb collection, Munich 232, 233;
- diskobolos, in Berlin, 221;
- diskobolos, in British Museum, 221;
- diskobolos, from cover of lebes, in British Museum, 221;
- diskobolos, from the Kabeirion, 28;
- diskobolos, in Metropolitan Museum, 220, 221;
- girl runner, from Dodona, 28;
- girl extracting thorn, terra cotta from Nida-Haddernheim, 202;
- Herakles or victor, in Berlin, 96;
- Herakles, or victors, in British Museum, 96;
- Hermes Diskobolos, from sea off Antikythera, 78, 79;
- hoplitodrome, from Capua, in Vienna, 207;
- hoplitodrome, Tux bronze, in Tuebingen, 28;
- horse-racer, from Dodona, 28, 281;
- horse-racer, in Loeb collection, Munich, 282;
- horse-racer, from Volubilis, 281;
- horse-racers, from Olympia, 24;
- oil-pourer, from S. Italy, in British Museum, 135;
- oil-pourers, terra cottas from Myrina, 135;
- pancratiast, from Autun, in Louvre, 249f.;
- praying boys, two bronze, in Metropolitan Museum, 132, 133;
- sacrificer, from Dodona, 143;
- trumpeter, from Sparta, 283;
- warrior, from Dodona, 126;
- wrestlers, group from Akropolis, 28;
- wrestlers, group in Loeb Collection, Munich, 232;
- statuettes in motion, from Egyptian art, 177;
- in Paris and Rome, showing motive of statue of Xenokles, 138, 139.
- Stelæ, in honor of victors, 40.
- Stephanos, sculptor, statue by, 111f. “Stolid” group of so-called “Apollo” statues, 100.
- Stomach throw, in pankration, 247.
-
Stomios, famous pentathlete, 59;
- statue of, at Olympia, 42.
- Stone, used in Olympic victor statues, 323f. Strabo, on origin of Olympic games, 15.
- Strangford Apollo, the, statue in British Museum, 102, 103, 123, 244.
- Strangling, allowed in pankration, 246, 247.
- Straton, Olympic victor, 34, 93.
- Strigil, or scraper (στλεγγίς), used by athletes as a common palæstra attribute, 135, 138, 288.
- Stroganoff, statuette formerly in Collection, 166.
-
Strong, Mrs. Eugénie (née Sellers), on Apollo head, in British Museum, 92;
- on Beneventum head, in Louvre, 63.
- Studniczka, F., on the gable statues from Olympia, 114;
- Styphax (or Styppax), sculptor, 143.
- Subiaco, statue of kneeling youth from, 195;
- Succession, contests of, as explanation of funerary games, 14.
- Suedwestbau; see Leonidaion. Svoronos, J. N., on bronze arm found in sea off Antikythera, 236;
- Swollen ear, as attribute of victor statues, 167f.;
- Symmachos, statue at Olympia, 120, 342.
-
Symmetry, in Greek art, 65, 66;
- Pliny and Vitruvius on, 66.
- Symplegma, group representing a, by Kephisodotos, 252.
- Symposium, of Xenophon, 59.
- Syracuse, coins of, representing Nike with tablet, 182;
-
Tainia, or fillet, as victor attribute, 148f.
Tanagra, ephebe chosen at, for his beauty, 57;
- grave-stele from, 72.
-
Tarentum (Taras), captured by Q. Fabius Maximus, 253;
- coins of, showing apobates horse-racers, 282.
- Tarsos, athlete head from, 168.
- Tegea, excavations at temple of Athena at, 306;
- Teisikrates, chariot victor, at Delphi, 268.
- Teisikrates, pancratiast, inscribed base of statue of, from Delphi, 249.
- Teisikrates, Theban sculptor, 368.
-
Tektaios, sculptor, 122, 304, 334, 335.
- See also Angelion.
-
Telekles, sculptor, 330, 334.
- See also Rhoikos and Theodoros.
- Telemachos, base of statue at Olympia, 346, 348, 355;
- Telephos, battle with Achilles, in Tegea pediment, 306;
- Telesikrates, hoplite victor, statue at Delphi, 26, 162.
- Tellon, base of statue at Olympia, 240, 345;
- Temessa, Black Spirit of, 35.
- Tempe, vale of, as home of laurel, 21.
- Temple, spoken of as pro persona, 299.
- Tenea, “Apollo” of, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 127, 327, 336;
- Tenerani, sculptor, 288.
- Tepemankh, wood statue in Cairo, 330.
- Terrace wall, South, at Olympia, 346, 348, 357, 358.
- Tetradrachm, silver, in honor of Olympic victory of Philip II, 280.
-
Thaliarchos, base of statue of, 358;
- oldest prose inscription making an Olympic victor statue votive, 39.
- Thamyris, victor statue on Helikon, 284.
- Thargelia, the, statue of boy victor at, 27.
-
Thasos, statue of Theagenes on, 364;
- temple of Apollo at Alki on, 336.
- Theagenes, Olympic victor, boxing match with Euthymos, 247;
- Theekoleon, the, at Olympia, 353, 355, 357.
- Theochrestos, chariot dedicated at Olympia, 265.
-
Theodoros, bronze founder, 321, 330, 334.
- See also Rhoikos and Telekles.
- Theodosius, Roman emperor, abolishes Olympic games, 15.
- Theognetos, statue at Olympia, 61, 165, 352.
- Theopompos, statue at Olympia, 161.
- Theopropos, base of statue at Olympia, 360.
- Theoros, painter, 29, 133.
- Theotimos, statue at Olympia, 121.
- Thera, “Apollo” of, 100, 101, 103, 104, 327, 337.
- Thermæ, the, of M. Agrippa, Rome, 289.
- Thermopylæ, battle of, 51.
- Thersias, first victor in mule-race at Olympia, 261.
- Thersilochos, statue at Olympia, 117.
- Thersonides, base of statue from Olympia, 356.
-
Theseia, the, 18;
- boys at, divided into three classes, 189.
- Theseus, 18;
- Thessalonika, funeral games at, 11.
- Thessaly, bull-grappling sport in, 5.
- Thong (ἀγκύλη, amentum), of javelin, 223.
- Thorn-puller; see Spinario. Thorwaldsen, sculptor, restores Aegina gable statues, 123.
- Thracian Chersonesos, games on, 11.
- Thrasyboulos, drives father’s car at Delphi, 267.
- Thrasymachos (or Thrasymedes), base of statue at Olympia, 358.
- Threatening look of victor statues, 59.
- Thukydides, on Diitrephes, 373;
- Tiberius, Roman emperor, base of statue at Olympia, 357, 358;
- Tilting, hold in pankration, 247.
- Timainetos, painter, 29.
- Timaios, first victor in trumpeting at Olympia, 283.
- Timaios, historian, 284.
- Timarchides, sculptor, 129, 324.
- Timasitheos, statue at Olympia, 111, 355.
- Timokles, sculptor, 129.
- Timoleon, funeral games in honor of, at Syracuse, 11.
- Timon, chariot victor, statue in equestrian group, 120, 266, 268, 279.
- Timon, pentathlete, statue at Olympia, 109, 354.
- Timoptolis, honor statue at Olympia, 42.
- Timosthenes, statue at Olympia, 121, 342.
-
Tiryns, fresco from, 2, 3;
- lack of athletic scenes at, 8.
- Titus, baths at Rome, 371.
- Toalios, Aurelios, base of victor statue at Oinoanda, 371.
- Torches, dedications of, 22.
- Toreadors, paintings of, male and female, at Knossos, 1, 3.
-
Torlonia, Palazzo, Rome, copy of Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type in, 89;
- head of Ares in, 170.
- Trachiniae, of Sophokles, 318.
- Trainers at Olympia, nude, 49.
- Treasuries, the, at Olympia, 351.
- Treu, G., on colossal Apollo from Olympia, 92;
- Triopia, the, at Mykale, 19.
- Triphylia, 15.
- Tripods, as early prizes, 19;
-
Tripping, in wrestling, 229;
- shown by five bronze groups, 233.
- Triptolemos (?), statue of Kyniskos converted into, 74.
- Troilos, dates of victories at Olympia, 300, 301;
-
Trotting-race with mares (κάλπη), introduced at Olympia, 261;
- why introduced, 282.
- Trumpeters, on Attic vases, 284;
- Tuebingen bronze; see Tux bronze. Tui, wood statue of, in Louvre, 331.
- Tumblers, among Athenians, 5;
- Turin, head of athlete in, 87;
- Tux bronze, statuette of hoplitodromos (?), in University Museum, Tuebingen, 28, 123, 164, 206, 207.
- Tyche, statue by Eutychides, at Antioch, 121.
- Types, various, of Olympic victor statues, 44, 99f., 173f.; etc. Tyrannicides, the, group by Kritios and Nesiotes, 60, 148, 173f.;
-
Umpires, at Olympia, 149.
- See also Hellanodikai.
- Uncritical judgments of ancient writers on art, 58.
-
Uniformity, standard of, in physical development in fifth century B. C., 147f.
Urlichs, H. L. von, on pristae of Myron, 188;
- on puer tenens tabellam of Pythagoras, 182.
-
Urlichs, L. von, on mala ferens nudus, mentioned by Pliny, 182;
- on puer tenens tabellam of Pythagoras, 182.
- Vaison Diadoumenos of Polykleitos, 152.
- Valerian, Roman emperor, 11.
- Vapheio, cups from, 4. Varro, opinions of, on art, 60.
- Vase-paintings, showing poses of Olympic victor statues, 44.
- “Vatican athlete standing at rest,” so-called, 140.
- Veins, shown in Cretan art, 3, 4.
- Venator, statue of, by Euthykrates, 314.
- Ventnor head in British Museum, 89.
- Verona, grave-relief in, 72.
- Victor fillets, 52.
-
Victor statues, assimilated to types of gods and heroes, 71f.;
- bases of, from Altis, 43, 353f.;
- carried off to Italy, 43;
- dedication of, an old Greek custom, 99;
- dedication at Olympia and elsewhere, 24f.;
- distinguished from statues of gods and heroes, 71;
- general characteristics of, 43f.;
- groups of, in Altis, 300, 340;
- hair-fashion of, 50f.;
- life-size, examples of, 46;
- materials of, 321f.;
- in motion, 173f.;
- nudity of, 47f.;
- periegesis of, in the Altis, by Pausanias, 321;
- positions of, in Altis, 339f., 352;
- remnants of, 43, 62f.;
- at rest, 99f.;
- set up at Olympia, long after victory, 32;
- set up at Olympia, soon after victory, 31;
- set up at Olympia by relatives of victor, by native city of victor, by fellow-citizens of victor, 30;
- set up by trainers, 30;
- set up outside Olympia, 361f.;
- size of, 45f.;
- statuaries of, 375;
- two classes of, 99;
- zones of, at Olympia, 340.
-
Victor statuettes, set up at Olympia, 27, 28;
- on Akropolis, 28.
- Victoria quadrigam in sublime rapiens, painting by Nikomachos, 268.
- Victors, special privileges of, at Rome, 33;
- Victory, of Paionios; see Paionios, Nike of;
- Vincent, Edgar, head of athlete in Collection of, 156.
- Vinci, Leonardo da, on body proportions, 68.
-
Visconti, on so-called Borghese Warrior, 209;
- on Pliny’s “iconic” statues, 54.
- Viterbo, bull-grappling in province of, 5.
- Vitruvius, on analogy, rhythm, and symmetry, in Greek art, 66.
- Volneratus deficiens, the, statue by Kresilas, 199.
- Volomandra, “Apollo” from, 100, 104, 337.
- Volubilis, Morocco, French excavations at, 281.
-
Votive offerings (ἀναθήματα), mentioned by Pausanias, 339;
- victor monuments as, 37.
-
Wace, A. J. B., on Parian marble male head in Turin, of athlete or Apollo, 93;
- on Roman male head in Turin, resembling the Apoxyomenos of Lysippan school, 292.
- Waldstein (Walston), C., on appellation “Apollo” for early athlete statues, 335;
- Walking motive in sculpture, not Polykleitan in origin, 226.
- Walston, C.; see Waldstein, C. Warrior, or hoplitodromos, bronze head from Akropolis, 123.
- Washburn, O. M., on Delphi Charioteer, 277, 278.
- Wernicke, K., on Great Altar of Zeus at Olympia, 349.
- Westgraben, the, at Olympia, 358.
- Westmacott Athlete, the, 156f., 158, 305.
-
Wheels, four-spoked, one dedicated at Argos, 97;
- tin-foil, dedicated at Olympia, 23.
- White, H. G. E., on two statuettes of diskoboloi from Akropolis, 221, 222.
- Wilamowitz, U. von (Wilamowitz-Moellendorf), on inscribed base of statue of Epicharinos on Akropolis, 372.
-
Winckelmann, J., on character of Greek Art, 57;
- on Jason of Louvre, 87.
- Wine-pourers, statues of, 144.
- Winged figures, represented in motion before sixth century B. C., 176f. Winnefeld, H., on Westmacott Athlete statue type, 158.
-
Winter, F., on Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo statue type, 90;
- on the Seated Boxer of Museo delle Terme, 147.
- Woelfflin, E., on nudus talo incessens of Polykleitos, 250, 251.
- Wolters, P., on bronze foot from Olympia, 255;
-
Woman, statue of Muse type, from Andros, 71;
- head in Louvre, 128.
- Women, admitted to chariot-race at Olympia, 49;
- Worship of victors after death, 35.
- Wounded Amazon, statue in Capitoline Museum, 151.
-
Wounded Man, the, statue of; see Volneratus deficiens.
Wreath of leaves, as prize at various games.
Wrestlers, attributes of statues of, 165;
- bronze group of, in Paris, 232;
- bronze statue in Naples, 99;
- five copies of bronze group of, showing tripping, 233;
- group of, on bronze bowl from Borsdorf, showing hand grip, 231, 232;
- groups of, on cista handles, 232;
- groups of, on Etruscan cista in Metropolitan Museum, 231;
- group of, at Olympia (?), 233f.;
- paintings of wrestlers by Naukeros, and by Antidotos, 233;
- part of group of, found in sea off Antikythera, 232;
- small bronze group of, in Loeb Collection, showing cross-buttocks, 232;
- statues of, at Olympia, 234;
- statues of, without special attributes, 170;
- two bronze statues of, from Herculaneum showing front hold, 230, 231;
- two groups of, on rim of bronze bowl, in Boston, 232.
-
Wrestling (πάλη), 228f.;
- bout between Theseus and Kerkyon, on metope of Theseion, 232;
- cap used in, 166;
- depicted on proto-Attic amphora, 13;
- for boys, introduced at Olympia, 228;
- at games of Patroklos, 8;
- ground wrestling, on gems and vases, 248;
- holds in, on vases (arm, body, front, neck, side, wrist), 229;
- introduced at Olympia, 228;
- oldest(?) of athletic sports, 228;
- one of most popular sports, 228;
- positions in, on various monuments, 229;
- on r.-f. kylix, in Philadelphia, 230;
- scenes in, on r.-f. vase, by Andokides, 230;
- throws in, on vases (buttocks, cross-buttocks, flying mare, heave, tripping), 229;
- two kinds of, upright (ὀρθὴ πάλη), ground (κύλισις), 228, 229;
- victors in wrestling and pankration on same day, 93, 94;
- on wall-paintings at Beni-Hasan, Egypt, 1, 228;
- wrestling and boxing on Panathenaic amphora of Kittos, 248;
- wrestling and boxing in pankration, 247;
- wrestling and pankration contrasted, 246.
- Wunderer, C., on the Seated Boxer of Museo delle Terme, 147.
- Xanten, bronze statue of boy found in Rhine near, 276.
- Xanthos, Chimæra tomb at, 271.
- Xenodamos, statue at Antikythera, 369.
- Xenodikos, statue at Olympia, 279, 345.
- Xenokles, base of statue at Olympia, 234, 344;
- Xenokrates, of Akragas, chariot victor at Delphi, 267.
- Xenokrates, sculptor, 61.
- Xenombrotos, base of statue at Olympia, 345;
- Xenophanes, philosopher, on dangerous character of pankration, 246;
-
Xenophon, historian, on athletics, 58, 59;
- Symposium of, 59.
- Xenophon, of Aigion, statue at Olympia, 120, 343.
-
Xerxes, carries off the Tyrannicides to Susa, 173;
- sacks Akropolis, 271.
- Xoana (ξόανα), Daidalian, 328.
- Youth, bronze head of, from Akropolis, 114;
- Zanes, statues of Zeus, so-called, near entrance to Stadion, at Olympia, 33, 34.
- Zenobios, 182.
-
Zeus, contestants at Olympia sacrifice to, 11;
- diadoumenos on throne of, at Olympia, 150, 151;
- father of Herakles, 10;
- games in honor of, at Argos, 285;
- Great Altar of, at Olympia, 339, 349, 350, 351, 355;
- Nemean games in honor of, 17;
- as one of the gods presiding over contests, 75;
- sculptures from pediments of temple of, at Olympia, 53, 113, 114;
- site of Great Altar of, at Olympia, 348f.;
- statues of Hyblæan, at Olympia, 344;
- of Megarian, at Olympia, 344;
- of Olympian, by Pheidias, 52;
- of Platæan, at Olympia, 344;
- of Zeus Ithomatas, 110, 111;
- of Zeus παῖς, at Aigion, 111;
- with short hair, 52;
- temple of, at Olympia, 342, 344, 346, 347, 350, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 358, 359, 360;
- throne of, at Olympia, described by Pausanias, 61;
- worship of, at Olympia, later than that of Hera, 16;
- wrestling match of, with Kronos, 14.
- Zeuxis, painter, 29.
- Zones, of victor statues at Olympia, 340;