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Physiological economy in nutrition, with special reference to the minimal proteid requirement of the healthy man / an experimental study cover

Physiological economy in nutrition, with special reference to the minimal proteid requirement of the healthy man / an experimental study

Chapter 65: JACOBUS.
By R. H. Chittenden
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About This Book

The author presents a systematic series of controlled human experiments aimed at establishing the minimal proteid (protein) intake required to maintain bodily health and functional efficiency. Methods for regulating diets, measuring metabolic and physical responses, and assessing mental and muscular performance are described, with attention to differing protein sources and customary dietary standards. Findings indicate that adequate health and work capacity can often be preserved with lower protein intake than commonly assumed, and the text discusses physiological economy, experimental limitations, and implications for dietary practice and further research.

CALLAHAN.

Date. Body-weight. Urine.
Volume. 24 hours. Sp. Gr. Nitrogen. Uric Acid. P₂O₅.
1904 kilos c.c. grams gram grams
Jan. 15 92.2 1665 1023 19.48 1.008
16 92.7 1800 1024 22.90 1.235
17 92.7 1500 1028 18.81 0.996
18 92.8 1490 1027 19.58 1.393
19 93.6 1600 1029 22.18 1.070
20 94.0 1610 1024 23.76 0.710
21 94.0 1870 1025 24.68 1.040
22 95.0 1730 1025 22.73 1.160
23 95.0 2150 1025 31.99 1.470
24 95.0 1450 21.84 0.952
25 94.0 1220 1028 ⎫ 17.90
daily
average		 0.988
daily
average		 3.26
daily
average
26 94.0 1310 1027 ⎪
27 93.0 1310 1025 ⎪
28 94.0 1400 1027 ⎬
29 94.0 1220 1027 ⎪
30 93.0 1115 1030 ⎪
31 93.0 870 1030 ⎭
Feb. 1 93.0 1170 1028 ⎫ 16.92 0.976 2.86
2 93.0 1080 1029 ⎪
3 93.0 1350 1027 ⎪
4 92.0 1150 1028 ⎬
5 92.0 950 1029 ⎪
6 92.0 1160 1027 ⎪
7 92.0 1100 1030 ⎭
8 91.0 850 1027 ⎫ 12.28 0.780 2.14
9 91.0 995 1023 ⎪
10 90.0 670 1027 ⎪
11 89.5 615 1029 ⎬
12 89.5 865 1028 ⎪
13 89.5 740 1031 ⎪
14 90.0 1020 1024 ⎭
15 90.0 980 1027 ⎫ 9.83 0.755
16 89.5 715 1029 ⎪
17 89.0 565 1030 ⎪
18 89.0 535 1031 ⎬
19 89.0 540 1034 ⎪
20 89.5 880 1027 ⎪
21 89.0 1170 1025 ⎭
22 89.0 820 1030 ⎫ 10.26 0.641 1.52
23 88.0 610 1031 ⎪
24 87.0 520 1034 ⎪
25 88.0 1160 1017 ⎬
26 87.5 385 1033 ⎪
27 88.0 610 1031 ⎪
28 87.0 610 1030 ⎭
29 86.0 1095 1026 ⎫ 11.07 0.796 1.74
Mar. 1 86.0 780 1027 ⎪
2 86.0 725 1027 ⎪
3 85.0 630 1026 ⎬
4 85.0 850 1030 ⎪
5 85.0 780 1031 ⎪
6 85.5 925 1028 ⎭
7 85.0 610 1029 ⎫ 7.27 0.593
8 85.0 720 1027 ⎪
9 85.0 565 1032 ⎪
10 84.5 520 1032 ⎬
11 84.0 570 1032 ⎪
12 84.0 510 1033 ⎪
13 84.0 450 1031 ⎭
14 83.5 470 1025 ⎫ 8.09 0.645
15 84.0 1030 1022 ⎪
16 84.0 825 1026 ⎪
17 84.0 690 1026 ⎬
18 84.0 1160 1025 ⎪
19 83.5 1820 1010 ⎪
20 84.0 695 1029 ⎭
21 83.5 760 1027 ⎫ 8.18 0.711
22 83.0 610 1029 ⎪
23 83.0 1180 1020 ⎪
24 83.0 620 1032 ⎬
25 83.0 560 1032 ⎪
26 83.0 820 1020 ⎪
27 83.0 1000 1027 ⎭
28 82.0 485 1033 ⎫ 7.60 0.587
29 82.0 590 1029 ⎪
30 82.0 1300 1020 ⎪
31 82.5 1590 1020 ⎬
Apr. 1 82.0 1600 1018 ⎪
2 82.0 610 1026 ⎪
3 81.5 430 1026 ⎭
4 81.0 290 1030 ⎫ 6.04 0.458 1.55
5 82.0 550 1033 ⎪
6 82.0 860 1023 ⎪
7 82.0 880 1021 ⎬
8 82.0 820 1015 ⎪
9 82.0 720 1028 ⎪
10 82.0 490 1030 ⎭
11 82.0 540 1022 ⎫ 4.98 ⎫ 0.528
12 82.0 680 1026 ⎭ ⎪
13 82.0 670 1030 8.64 ⎪
14 82.0 755 1026 10.24 ⎬
15 82.0 555 1026 5.29 ⎪
16 82.0 1790 1017 14.18 ⎪
17 83.0 870 1029 9.97 ⎭
18 83.0 990 1020 6.95 ⎫ 0.585
19 83.0 735 1022 7.32 ⎪
20 83.0 930 1023 8.31 ⎪
21 83.0 700 1032 10.16 ⎬
22 83.0 1220 1024 11.13 ⎪
23 83.0 860 1027 7.89 ⎪
24 83.0 1140 1015 7.59 ⎭
25 83.0 520 1026 8.02 ⎫ 0.544
26 83.5 670 1028 8.08 ⎭
27 83.0 1200 1019 7.92 ⎫ 0.453
28 83.0 1340 1020 8.84 ⎪
29 83.5 900 1032 13.23 ⎪
30 83.5 1250 1022 13.50 ⎪
May 1 84.0 1160 1030 16.77 ⎪
2 84.0 1080 1026 11.73 ⎬
3 84.0 960 1029 16.13 ⎪
4 83.5 1140 1035 19.36 ⎪
5 83.5 1290 1031 18.35 ⎪
6 780 1040 16.43 ⎪
7 83.0 870 1033 14.67 ⎪
8 83.0 930 1030 14.68 ⎭
9 83.0 1050 1022 11.86 ⎫ 0.666
10 83.0 960 1021 8.18 ⎪
11 83.0 1020 1024 9.21 ⎪
12 83.0 840 1024 9.08 ⎪
13 83.5 930 1025 10.05 ⎪
14 83.5 1200 1016 5.55 ⎪
15 83.5 1110 1018 8.99 ⎬
16 83.5 1050 1018 9.64 ⎪
17 84.0 900 1024 8.37 ⎪
18 83.5 1020 1018 8.20 ⎪
19 84.0 945 1022 9.88 ⎪
20 84.0 870 1023 8.72 ⎪
21 83.0 1160 1014 7.24 ⎪
22 82.0 420 1017 5.72 ⎭
23 82.5 480 1026 7.78
24 82.5 720 1024 10.07
25 82.0 360 1030 5.64
26 82.0 510 1029 7.68
27 82.0 576 1028 6.60
28 81.5 900 1016 6.59
29 81.5 570 1023 6.60
30 81.0 945 1022 6.47
31 81.5 870 1026 10.44
June 1 81.5 840 1024 9.02
2 81.5 810 1021 7.78
3 82.0 540 1021 5.67
4 82.0 450 1025 6.10
5 82.0 480 1034 8.21
6 82.5 480 1030 6.91
7 82.5 570 1029 9.51
8 83.0 650 1028 10.49
9 83.0 570 1024 7.46
10 83.0 620 1026 8.40
11 83.0 690 1027 9.11
12 83.0 590 1025 7.90
13 83.0 840 1025 10.74
14 83.5 780 1021 7.86
15 83.0 650 1029 10.37
Daily average from Feb. 8 809 1026 0.624 1.74
Daily average from Feb. 8 to April 12 8.56
Daily average from April 13 to June 15 9.52

DONAHUE.

Date. Body-weight. Urine.
Volume. 24 hours. Sp. Gr. Nitrogen. Uric Acid. P₂O₅.
1904 kilos c.c. grams gram grams
Jan. 19 64.5 1500 1017 17.46 0.872
20 1060 1027 14.88 0.756
21 64.5 910 1033 14.41 0.525
22 1150 1028 13.25 0.599
23 810 1026 11.76 0.428
24 790 1030 17.91 0.672
25 820 1028 ⎫ 10.67
daily
average		 0.498
daily
average		 1.90
daily
average
26 960 1024 ⎪
27 800 1026 ⎪
28 870 1025 ⎬
29 740 1025 ⎪
30 63.5 655 1029 ⎪
31 790 1026 ⎭
Feb. 1 570 1029 ⎫ 10.34 0.458 1.81
2 730 1027 ⎪
3 760 1029 ⎪
4 680 1030 ⎬
5 930 1025 ⎪
6 820 1026 ⎪
7 600 1029 ⎭
8 63.0 740 1025 ⎫ 9.24 0.470 1.76
9 565 1030 ⎪
10 710 1027 ⎪
11 870 1025 ⎬
12 705 1025 ⎪
13 740 1026 ⎪
14 595 1027 ⎭
15 860 1026 ⎫ 7.47 0.465
16 63.2 830 1024 ⎪
17 780 1026 ⎪
18 735 1026 ⎬
19 720 1028 ⎪
20 63.0 690 1027 ⎪
21 900 1025 ⎪
22 62.7 775 1027 ⎭
23 600 1028 ⎫ 7.33 0.552 1.56
24 920 1027 ⎪
25 700 1027 ⎬
26 1040 1023 ⎪
27 600 1031 ⎪
28 710 1024 ⎭
29 850 1026 ⎫ 7.79 0.448 1.91
Mar. 1 910 1028 ⎪
2 62.0 740 1027 ⎪
3 710 1027 ⎬
4 910 1027 ⎪
5 725 ⎪
6 940 1025 ⎭
7 62.7 700 1025 ⎫ 6.72 0.363
8 720 1024 ⎪
9 1020 1022 ⎪
10 700 1026 ⎬
11 1130 1021 ⎪
12 730 1022 ⎪
13 940 1018 ⎭
14 930 1018 ⎫ 6.33 0.504
15 62.7 985 1018 ⎪
16 875 1019 ⎪
17 515 1024 ⎬
18 960 1019 ⎪
19 880 1022 ⎪
20 62.7 720 1025 ⎭
21 730 1023 ⎫ 5.61 0.363
22 920 1024 ⎪
23 850 1020 ⎬
24 720 1026 ⎪
26 62.7 730 1024 ⎪
27 970 1026 ⎭
28 860 1021 ⎫ 7.17 0.408 1.90
29 990 1022 ⎪
30 62.8 1250 1023 ⎪
31 990 1020 ⎬
Apr. 1 910 1022 ⎪
2 930 1028 ⎪
3 62.8 870 1026 ⎭
4 62.8 1080 1025 ⎫ 9.91 0.593 1.79
5 740 1028 ⎪
6 850 1027 ⎪
7 740 1028 ⎬
8 1010 1028 ⎪
9 700 1029 ⎪
10 900 1025 ⎭
11 1150 1020 ⎫ 9.59 ⎫ 0.343
12 1230 1021 ⎭ ⎪
13 1000 1021 7.38 ⎪
14 710 1025 6.18 ⎬
15 920 1022 8.78 ⎪
16 63.0 700 1025 6.89 ⎪
17 775 1024 8.28 ⎭
18 1050 1020 7.69 ⎫ 0.399
19 910 1021 6.55 ⎪
20 1140 1020 6.64 ⎪
21 1055 1022 6.71 ⎬
22 1020 1020 6.79 ⎪
23 700 1025 6.34 ⎪
24 825 1022 7.13 ⎭
25 850 1022 6.27 ⎫ 0.411
26 1010 1021 7.09 ⎪
27 1150 1021 7.31 ⎪
28 950 1021 6.38 ⎬
29 950 1023 8.61 ⎪
30 525 1028 6.96 ⎪
May 1 63.0 750 1022 7.65 ⎭
2 775 1022 6.88 ⎫ 0.120
3 710 1022 6.01 ⎪
4 1075 1021 7.22 ⎪
5 700 1021 5.34 ⎬
6 950 1024 7.41 ⎪
7 950 1023 6.72 ⎪
8 745 1024 5.90 ⎭
9 910 1020 6.61 ⎫ 0.365
10 720 1023 6.91 ⎪
11 63.0 750 1024 7.11 ⎪
12 63.0 700 1022 6.51 ⎬
13 710 1024 6.94 ⎪
14 825 1025 8.68 ⎪
15 1100 1020 7.79 ⎭
16 1000 1021 6.12
17 1010 1020 5.94
18 950 1020 5.75 ⎫ 0.343
19 1025 1020 6.64 ⎪
20 1100 1020 8.45 ⎪
21 900 1027 8.64 ⎬
22 750 1025 8.53 ⎪
23 750 1022 7.69 ⎪
24 920 1023 7.34 ⎭
25 750 1022 10.22 ⎫ 0.406
26 62.2 775 1021 6.51 ⎪
27 880 1023 8.18 ⎬
28 800 1023 7.06 ⎪
29 790 1023 8.49 ⎪
30 850 1022 7.91 ⎭
31 1030 1021 7.60
June 1 800 1022 6.53
2 1000 1021 8.16
3 850 1022 7.40
4
5 62.8 650 1027 8.49
6 850 1023 7.33
7 910 1022 7.43
8 770 1022 8.37
9 910 1025 9.50
10 850 1025 8.01
11 650 1025 7.72
12 700 1025 8.36
13 930 1022 9.15
14 800 1026 8.45
15 62.2 700 1027 7.90
Daily average from Feb. 14 857 1023 0.395 1.79
Daily average from Feb. 14 to Apr. 12 7.55
Daily average from Apr. 13 to June 15 7.39

JACOBUS.

Date. Body-weight. Urine.
Volume. 24 hours. Sp. Gr. Nitrogen. Uric Acid. P₂O₅.
1904 kilos c.c. grams gram grams
Jan. 15 57.3 630 1032 10.70 0.542
16 810 1024 11.76 0.960
17 880 1029 11.09 0.780
18 780 1030 10.67 0.600
19 810 1029 12.94 0.595
20 670 1030 11.98 0.553
21 730 1029 10.91 0.586
22 990 1025 12.12 0.594
23 58.7 825 1021 9.55 0.436
24 680 1027 9.10 0.449
25 1260 1018 ⎫ 9.58
daily
average		 0.442
daily
average		 1.72
daily
average
26 875 1022 ⎪
27 680 1028 ⎪
28 57.0 850 1022 ⎬
29 58.0 760 1020 ⎪
30 57.7 560 1029 ⎪
31 660 1028 ⎭
Feb. 1 700 1023 ⎫ 8.30 0.548 1.60
2 57.2 567 1030 ⎪
3 600 1030 ⎪
4 57.5 582 1026 ⎬
5 740 1024 ⎪
6 56.8 470 1028 ⎪
7 405 1032 ⎭
8 56.0 575 1028 ⎫ 7.73 0.460 1.74
9 57.2 540 1028 ⎪
10 56.6 520 1029 ⎪
11 57.0 1000 1020 ⎬
12 920 1015 ⎪
13 845 1020 ⎪
14 480 1028 ⎭
15 750 1025 ⎫ 6.27 0.399
16 56.8 810 1022 ⎪
17 56.4 760 1020 ⎪
18 1100 1017 ⎬
19 56.6 950 1020 ⎪
20 56.3 620 1025 ⎪
21 580 1027 ⎭
22 57.3 770 1020 ⎫ 6.96 0.521 1.47
23 56.7 795 1024 ⎪
24 56.6 890 1016 ⎪
25 56.7 880 1022 ⎬
26 56.8 690 1027 ⎪
27 885 1024 ⎪
28 970 1019 ⎭
29 56.8 815 1024 ⎫ 8.43 0.315 1.75
Mar. 1 57.0 760 1027 ⎪
2 57.0 690 1025 ⎪
3 56.8 1720 1012 ⎬
4 1010 1019 ⎪
5 790 ⎪
6 440 1033 ⎭
7 56.6 970 1019 ⎫ 7.88 0.535
8 1130 1018 ⎪
9 440 1031 ⎪
10 1480 1016 ⎬
11 1300 1015 ⎪
12 1165 1013 ⎪
13 1580 1011 ⎭
14 56.8 1200 1015 ⎫ 5.98 0.454
15 1330 1010 ⎪
16 1065 1015 ⎪
17 56.8 1170 1013 ⎬
18 1030 1018 ⎪
19 56.8 1445 1012 ⎪
20 56.8 975 1020 ⎭
21 870 1018 ⎫ 8.30 0.418
22 1400 1014 ⎪
23 57.3 840 1020 ⎬
24 1020 1021 ⎪
25 690 1024 ⎪
26 1195 1017 ⎭
28 1170 1015 ⎫ 9.59 0.471
29 57.3 1030 1023 ⎪
30 1225 1021 ⎪
31 1175 1020 ⎬
Apr. 1 1330 1016 ⎪
2 775 1023 ⎪
3 615 1026 ⎭
4 695 1029 ⎫ 8.71 0.310 1.82
5 830 1026 ⎪
6 762 1019 ⎪
7 57.0 1205 1026 ⎬
8 1180 1015 ⎪
9 1035 1017 ⎪
10 1300 1015 ⎭
11 1045 1026 ⎫ 7.88 ⎫ 0.460
12 610 1024 ⎭ ⎪
13 410 1027 6.81 ⎪
14 600 1025 6.84 ⎬
15 1160 1017 8.49 ⎪
16 56.8 820 1021 7.72 ⎪
17 555 1029 6.96 ⎭
18 610 1026 7.36 ⎫ 0.441
19 515 1028 6.67 ⎪
20 710 1023 7.71 ⎪
21 480 1026 6.94 ⎬
22 55.0 565 1026 7.19 ⎪
23 460 1031 7.16 ⎪
24 550 1027 6.27 ⎭
25 750 1020 6.30 ⎫ 0.507
26 1170 1017 7.93 ⎪
28 1010 1019 6.06 ⎬
29 1110 1018 8.59 ⎪
30 1050 1020 8.44 ⎪
May 1 715 1030 9.44 ⎭
2 56.6 1460 1014 10.50 ⎫ 0.382
3 1185 1019 9.45 ⎪
4 1270 1019 10.52 ⎪
5 56.6 1010 1019 9.70 ⎬
6 1090 1021 9.94 ⎪
7 1100 1016 8.65 ⎪
8 765 1024 9.78 ⎭
10 555 1026 7.96 ⎫ 0.296
11 640 1027 6.60 ⎪
12 1160 1016 7.03 ⎬
13 665 1025 7.66 ⎪
14 1240 1014 6.61 ⎪
15 56.6 595 1027 7.89 ⎭
16 1460 1012 7.45
17 1620 1012 6.80
18 2010 1012 6.75 ⎫ 0.376
19 2050 1010 6.27 ⎪
20 1180 1018 7.29 ⎪
21 880 1020 7.07 ⎬
22 730 1025 7.62 ⎪
23 450 1029 6.48 ⎪
24 540 1028 7.64 ⎭
25 950 1017 7.53 ⎫ 0.303
26 56.8 555 1023 5.83 ⎪
27 1080 1014 7.25 ⎪
28 1020 1019 6.37 ⎬
29 690 1022 6.34 ⎪
30 590 1025 6.69 ⎪
31 1290 1015 8.36 ⎭
June 1 1635 1010 7.85
2 1475 1012 8.23
3 400 1024 5.21
4 705 1019 6.73
5 1010 1013 6.30
6 600 1024 5.69
7 925 1016 6.72
8 1015 1014 7.30
9 925 1019 6.05
10 57.0 1285 1012 5.25
13 855 1018 8.36
14 735 1019 6.97
15 57.0 495 1028 8.32
Daily average from Feb. 1 916 1021 0.423 1.67
Daily average from Feb. 1 to April 12 7.74
Daily average from April 13 to June 15 7.43