Friday, May 20, 1904.
Breakfast.—Orange 150 grams, roll 65 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 35 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 64 grams, butter 18 grams, fish-cake 72 grams, potato 150 grams, lima beans 50 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 21 grams, bread pudding 150 grams.
Dinner.—Fish 113 grams, string beans 62 grams, potato 150 grams, rice croquettes 102 grams, syrup 48 grams, stewed cranberry 95 grams, bread 33 grams, butter 16 grams, coffee 300 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 42 grams.
Evening.—Beer 750 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange | 150 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.300 | grams. | |
| Sugar | 35 + 21 + 42 = | 98 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Roll | 65 | × | 1.72 | = | 1.118 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 300 = | 600 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.360 | |
| Cream | 50 + 100 + 100 = | 250 | × | 0.44 | = | 1.100 | |
| Bread | 64 | × | 1.71 | = | 1.094 | ||
| Butter | 18 + 16 = | 34 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.051 | |
| Fish-cake | 72 | × | 1.22 | = | 0.878 | ||
| Potato | 150 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.450 | ||
| Lima beans | 50 | × | 0.76 | = | 0.380 | ||
| Bread pudding | 150 | × | 0.99 | = | 1.485 | ||
| String beans | 62 | × | 0.36 | = | 0.223 | ||
| Fish | 113 | × | 3.18 | = | 3.593 | ||
| Bread | 33 | × | 1.97 | = | 0.650 | ||
| Potato | 150 | × | 0.34 | = | 0.510 | ||
| Rice croquettes | 102 | × | 1.06 | = | 1.081 | ||
| Cranberry | 95 | × | 0.030 | = | 0.029 | ||
| Syrup | 48 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Beer | 750 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.518 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 18.832 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 9.510 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2999 calories. |
Saturday, May 21, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 74 grams, baked potato 95 grams, roll 71 grams, butter 18 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 30 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 48 grams, butter 14 grams, lamb chop 27 grams, potato croquette 91 grams, tomato 105 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams, water ice 185 grams.
Dinner.—Bean soup 150 grams, fried egg 127 grams, bacon 2 grams, fried potato 108 grams, bread 77 grams, butter 18 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams, jelly roll 56 grams.
Evening.—Beer 600 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 74 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.170 | grams. | |
| Roll | 71 | × | 1.65 | = | 1.172 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Sugar | 30 + 21 + 21 = | 72 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Cream | 100 + 50 + 50 = | 200 | × | 0.43 | = | 0.860 | |
| Potato | 95 | × | 0.40 | = | 0.380 | ||
| Butter | 18 + 14 + 18 = | 50 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.075 | |
| Bread | 48 | × | 1.82 | = | 0.874 | ||
| Lamb chop | 27 | × | 4.63 | = | 1.250 | ||
| Croquette (potato) | 91 | × | 0.71 | = | 0.646 | ||
| Tomato | 105 | × | 0.17 | = | 0.179 | ||
| Water ice | 185 | × | 0.012 | = | 0.022 | ||
| Bread | 77 | × | 1.62 | = | 1.247 | ||
| Bean soup | 150 | × | 1.21 | = | 1.815 | ||
| Fried egg | 127 | × | 2.27 | = | 2.883 | ||
| Bacon | 2 | × | 3.05 | = | 0.061 | ||
| Fried potato | 108 | × | 0.60 | = | 0.648 | ||
| Jelly roll | 56 | × | 0.86 | = | 0.482 | ||
| Beer | 600 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.414 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 13.448 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 9.640 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2871 calories. |
Sunday, May 22, 1904.
Breakfast.—Orange 60 grams, oatmeal 150 grams, wheat roll 51 grams, butter 17 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 49 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 37 grams, butter 13 grams, potato 114 grams, macaroni 115 grams, fried rice 92 grams, coffee 300 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 42 grams, ice cream 104 grams, cake 37.5 grams.
Dinner.—Chicken 89 grams, spinach 100 grams, fried potato 70 grams, bread 46 grams, butter 12 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 30 grams, strawberry short-cake 195 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roll | 51 | × | 1.67 | = | 0.852 | grams. | |
| Sugar | 49 + 42 + 30 = | 121 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Orange | 60 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.120 | ||
| Oatmeal | 150 | × | 0.43 | = | 0.645 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 300 + 150 = | 600 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.360 | |
| Cream | 100 + 100 + 100 = | 300 | × | 0.45 | = | 1.350 | |
| Butter | 17 + 13 + 12 = | 42 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.063 | |
| Potato | 114 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.342 | ||
| Macaroni | 115 | × | 0.46 | = | 0.529 | ||
| Bread | 37 | × | 1.57 | = | 0.581 | ||
| Fried rice | 92 | × | 0.75 | = | 0.690 | ||
| Ice cream | 104 | × | 0.53 | = | 0.551 | ||
| Cake | 37.5 | × | 1.20 | = | 0.450 | ||
| Spinach | 100 | × | 0.55 | = | 0.550 | ||
| Chicken | 89 | × | 3.02 | = | 2.688 | ||
| Fried potato | 70 | × | 0.57 | = | 0.399 | ||
| Bread | 46 | × | 1.91 | = | 0.879 | ||
| Short-cake | 195 | × | 0.50 | = | 0.975 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 12.024 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 9.560 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 3442 calories. |
Monday, May 23, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 98 grams, roll 68 grams, butter 15 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 40 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 53 grams, butter 17.5 grams, boiled eggs 101 grams, apple sauce 130 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 17 grams.
Dinner.—Bread 28 grams, butter 7 grams, bacon 40 grams, macaroni 62 grams, potato croquette 69 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 21 grams, water ice 116 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 98 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.225 | grams. | |
| Butter | 15 + 17.5 + 7 = | 39.5 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.059 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Cream | 100 + 50 + 50 = | 200 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.900 | |
| Sugar | 40 + 17 + 21 = | 78 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Roll | 68 | × | 1.63 | = | 1.108 | ||
| Bread | 53 | × | 1.64 | = | 0.869 | ||
| Apple sauce | 130 | × | 0.02 | = | 0.026 | ||
| Boiled eggs | 101 | × | 2.07 | = | 2.091 | ||
| Bread | 28 | × | 1.75 | = | 0.490 | ||
| Macaroni | 62 | × | 0.87 | = | 0.539 | ||
| Bacon | 40 | × | 3.28 | = | 1.312 | ||
| Potato croquette | 69 | × | 0.77 | = | 0.531 | ||
| Water ice | 116 | × | 0.006 | = | 0.007 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 8.427 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 8.030 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2346 calories. |
Tuesday, May 24, 1904.
Breakfast.—Orange 80 grams, roll 118 grams, butter 23 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 25 grams.
Lunch.—Soup 100 grams, bread 59 grams, butter 15.5 grams, potato 100 grams, farina croquettes 109 grams, tomato sauce 75 grams, boiled onions 107 grams, stewed prunes 105 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 18 grams.
Dinner.—Celery soup 150 grams, Hamburg steak 63 grams, potato 100 grams, spinach 50 grams, bread 32 grams, butter 15 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 16 grams, cream pie 79 grams.
Evening.—Beer 750 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roll | 118 | × | 1.64 | = | 1.935 | grams. | |
| Orange | 80 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.160 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Cream | 50 + 100 + 50 = | 200 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.900 | |
| Sugar | 25 + 18 + 16 = | 59 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Butter | 23 + 15.5 + 15 = | 53.5 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.080 | |
| Bread | 59 | × | 1.66 | = | 0.979 | ||
| Tomato sauce | 75 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.173 | ||
| Onions | 107 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.321 | ||
| Celery soup | 100 | × | 0.48 | = | 0.480 | ||
| Potato | 100 | × | 0.26 | = | 0.260 | ||
| Farina croquettes | 109 | × | 0.74 | = | 0.807 | ||
| Prunes | 105 | × | 0.17 | = | 0.179 | ||
| Hamburg steak | 63 | × | 3.96 | = | 2.495 | ||
| Potato | 100 | × | 0.46 | = | 0.460 | ||
| Soup | 150 | × | 0.19 | = | 0.285 | ||
| Bread | 32 | × | 1.82 | = | 0.582 | ||
| Spinach | 50 | × | 0.54 | = | 0.270 | ||
| Cream pie | 79 | × | 0.93 | = | 0.735 | ||
| Beer | 750 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.518 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 11.889 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 9.040 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2822 calories. |
NITROGEN BALANCE.—Stapleton.
| Nitrogen Taken in. |
Output. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen in Urine. | Weight of Fæces (dry). | ||||||
| May | 18 | 12.127 | grams. | 9.67 | grams. | 39.6 | grams. |
| 19 | 8.555 | 8.58 | 34.5 | ||||
| 20 | 13.832 | 9.51 | 65.3 | ||||
| 21 | 13.448 | 9.64 | 17.8 | ||||
| 22 | 12.024 | 9.56 | 11.4 | ||||
| 23 | 8.427 | 8.03 | 27.7 | ||||
| 24 | 11.889 | 9.04 | |||||
| 196.3 | grams contain 7.08% N. |
||||||
| 80.302 | 64.03 | + | 13.898 | grams nitrogen. | |||
| 80.302 | grams nitrogen. | 77.928 | grams nitrogen. | ||||
| Nitrogen balance for seven days | = | +2.374 | grams. |
| Nitrogen balance per day | = | +0.339 | gram. |
Average Intake.
| Calories per day | 2809. |
| Nitrogen per day | 11.47 grams. |
With this subject, the total intake of nitrogen for the seven days’ period was 80.302 grams. The output of nitrogen through the urine amounted to 64.03 grams, while 13.898 grams were passed out through the fæces, making a total output of 77.928 grams of nitrogen. This shows a plus balance of 2.374 grams of nitrogen for the seven days, indicating a gain to the body of 0.339 gram per day. The fuel value of the food averaged 2809 calories per day, while the daily excretion of metabolized nitrogen averaged 9.14 grams. This is in close agreement with the average daily excretion of nitrogen through the urine of this subject for the last two months of the experiment, viz., 9.00 grams of nitrogen.
With W. L. Anderson, the following results were obtained:
W. L. ANDERSON.
Wednesday, May 18, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 90 grams, fried rice 150 grams, syrup 50 grams, wheat roll 64 grams, butter 11 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 125 grams, sugar 21 grams.
Lunch.—Tomato soup 247 grams, bread 19 grams, butter 16.5 grams, sweet potato 105 grams, farina croquette 115 grams, syrup 60 grams, coffee 150 grams, milk 50 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Consommé 250 grams, bread 52 grams, butter 20 grams, Hamburg steak 117 grams, boiled potato 150 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 14 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 90 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.207 | grams. | |
| Cream | 125 + 50 + 50 = | 225 | × | 0.46 | = | 1.035 | |
| Sugar | 21 + 14 + 14 = | 49 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Roll | 64 | × | 1.66 | = | 1.063 | ||
| Butter | 11 + 16.5 + 20 = | 47.5 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.071 | |
| Rice | 150 | × | 0.75 | = | 1.125 | ||
| Syrup | 50 + 60 = | 110 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.026 | |
| Tomato soup | 247 | × | 0.41 | = | 1.013 | ||
| Bread | 19 | × | 1.60 | = | 0.304 | ||
| Sweet potato | 105 | × | 0.32 | = | 0.336 | ||
| Farina croquette | 115 | × | 1.09 | = | 1.690 | ||
| Bread | 52 | × | 1.80 | = | 0.936 | ||
| Consommé | 250 | × | 0.38 | = | 0.950 | ||
| Hamburg steak | 117 | × | 3.64 | = | 4.259 | ||
| Potato | 150 | × | 0.38 | = | 0.570 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 13.855 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 10.030 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2946 calories. |
Thursday, May 19, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 158 grams, roll 122 grams, butter 15 grams, boiled hominy 150 grams, syrup 48 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 100 grams, sugar 28 grams.
Lunch.—Bread 50 grams, butter 12 grams, fried hominy 100 grams, syrup 48 grams, boiled onions 80 grams, omelette 60 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Tomato soup 200 grams, bread 43 grams, butter 10 grams, potato 50 grams, baked macaroni 202 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams, cream 25 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roll | 122 | × | 1.54 | = | 1.879 | grams. | |
| Boiled hominy | 150 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.300 | ||
| Butter | 15 + 12 + 10 = | 37 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.056 | |
| Banana | 158 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.363 | ||
| Sugar | 28 + 14 + 14 = | 56 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Cream | 100 + 50 + 25 = | 175 | × | 0.47 | = | 0.823 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Syrup | 48 + 48 = | 96 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.023 | |
| Bread | 50 | × | 1.60 | = | 0.800 | ||
| Potato | 150 | × | 0.49 | = | 0.735 | ||
| Fried hominy | 100 | × | 0.67 | = | 0.670 | ||
| Onions | 80 | × | 0.27 | = | 0.216 | ||
| Omelette | 60 | × | 1.58 | = | 0.948 | ||
| Tomato soup | 200 | × | 0.53 | = | 1.060 | ||
| Bread | 43 | × | 1.74 | = | 0.748 | ||
| Potato | 50 | × | 0.38 | = | 0.190 | ||
| Baked macaroni | 202 | × | 0.93 | = | 1.879 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 10.960 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 10.150 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 3013 calories. |
Friday, May 20, 1904.
Breakfast.—Coffee 150 grams, cream 25 grams, sugar 14 grams, roll 70 grams, butter 9 grams.
Lunch.—Potato 100 grams, butter 3 grams, lima beans 50 grams, hominy 69 grams, syrup 48 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 25 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Consommé 150 grams, bread 28 grams, butter 15 grams, string beans 56 grams, potato 200 grams, rice croquette 65 grams, syrup 48 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams, cream 25 grams.
Evening.—Beer 450 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | grams. |
| Cream | 25 + 25 + 25 = | 75 | × | 0.44 | = | 0.330 | |
| Sugar | 14 + 14 + 14 = | 42 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Roll | 70 | × | 1.72 | = | 1.204 | ||
| Butter | 9 + 3 + 15 = | 27 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.041 | |
| Potato | 100 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.300 | ||
| Lima beans | 50 | × | 0.76 | = | 0.380 | ||
| Fried hominy | 69 | × | 0.57 | = | 0.393 | ||
| Syrup | 48 + 48 = | 96 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.023 | |
| Consommé | 150 | × | 0.59 | = | 0.885 | ||
| String beans | 56 | × | 0.36 | = | 0.202 | ||
| Potato | 200 | × | 0.34 | = | 0.680 | ||
| Bread | 28 | × | 1.97 | = | 0.552 | ||
| Rice croquettes | 65 | × | 1.06 | = | 0.689 | ||
| Beer | 450 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.311 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 6.260 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 8.640 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 1748 calories. |
Saturday, May 21, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 73 grams, bread 63 grams, butter 7 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 50 grams, sugar 28 grams.
Lunch.—Potato 150 grams, tomato 145 grams, fried Indian-meal 81 grams, syrup 48 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 21 grams, cream 25 grams, water ice 165 grams.
Dinner.—Bean soup 150 grams, bread 29 grams, butter 16 grams, bacon 15 grams, fried potato 150 grams, cake 36 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams, cream 45 grams.
Evening.—Beer 600 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 73 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.168 | grams. | |
| Sugar | 28 + 21 + 14 = | 63 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Cream | 50 + 25 + 45 = | 120 | × | 0.43 | = | 0.516 | |
| Bread | 63 | × | 1.65 | = | 1.040 | ||
| Butter | 7 + 16 = | 23 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.035 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Potato | 150 | × | 0.71 | = | 1.065 | ||
| Tomato | 145 | × | 0.17 | = | 0.247 | ||
| Fried Indian-meal | 81 | × | 1.09 | = | 0.883 | ||
| Syrup | 48 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Water ice | 165 | × | 0.012 | = | 0.020 | ||
| Bean soup | 150 | × | 1.21 | = | 1.815 | ||
| Bread | 29 | × | 1.62 | = | 0.470 | ||
| Bacon | 15 | × | 3.05 | = | 0.458 | ||
| Fried potato | 150 | × | 0.60 | = | 0.900 | ||
| Cake | 36 | × | 0.86 | = | 0.310 | ||
| Beer | 600 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.414 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 8.623 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 8.460 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2393 calories. |
Sunday, May 22, 1904.
Breakfast.—Oatmeal 200 grams, sugar 28 grams, coffee 150 grams, roll 60 grams, butter 6 grams.
Lunch.—Fried rice 140 grams, syrup 48 grams, potato 100 grams, macaroni 155 grams, boiled onions 80 grams, butter 5 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 25 grams, sugar 14 grams, ice cream 185 grams, cake 34 grams.
Dinner.—Cream of celery soup 150 grams, mashed potato 134 grams, butter 11 grams, spinach 100 grams, strawberry short-cake 185 grams, cream 70 grams, sugar 28 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roll | 60 | × | 1.67 | = | 1.002 | grams. | |
| Oatmeal | 200 | × | 0.43 | = | 0.860 | ||
| Sugar | 28 + 14 + 28 = | 70 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Butter | 6 + 5 + 11 = | 22 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.033 | |
| Potato | 100 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.300 | ||
| Macaroni | 155 | × | 0.46 | = | 0.713 | ||
| Cream | 25 + 70 = | 95 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.428 | |
| Onions | 80 | × | 0.25 | = | 0.200 | ||
| Fried rice | 140 | × | 0.75 | = | 1.050 | ||
| Ice cream | 185 | × | 0.53 | = | 0.981 | ||
| Cake | 34 | × | 1.20 | = | 0.408 | ||
| Syrup | 48 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Cream of celery soup | 150 | × | 0.33 | = | 0.495 | ||
| Mashed potato | 134 | × | 0.37 | = | 0.496 | ||
| Short-cake | 185 | × | 0.50 | = | 0.925 | ||
| Spinach | 100 | × | 0.55 | = | 0.550 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 8.723 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 7.960 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2812 calories. |
Monday, May 23, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 115 grams, wheat griddle cakes 87 grams, syrup 48 grams, butter 7 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 28 grams, cream 50 grams.
Lunch.—Fried potato 100 grams, rice croquette 115 grams, syrup 48 grams, apple sauce 125 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Macaroni 270 grams, potato croquette 134 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams, water ice 154 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 115 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.265 | grams. | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Sugar | 28 + 14 + 14 = | 56 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Cream | 50 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.225 | ||
| Griddle cakes | 87 | × | 0.91 | = | 0.792 | ||
| Syrup | 48 + 48 = | 96 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.023 | |
| Butter | 7 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.011 | ||
| Apple sauce | 125 | × | 0.020 | = | 0.025 | ||
| Rice croquette | 115 | × | 0.61 | = | 0.702 | ||
| Fried potato | 100 | × | 0.60 | = | 0.600 | ||
| Macaroni | 270 | × | 0.87 | = | 2.349 | ||
| Potato croquette | 134 | × | 0.77 | = | 1.032 | ||
| Water ice | 154 | × | 0.006 | = | 0.009 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 6.303 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 7.490 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2224 calories. |
Tuesday, May 24, 1904.
Breakfast.—Fried rice 115 grams, syrup 48 grams, roll 60 grams, butter 14 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Lunch.—Celery soup 150 grams, farina croquette 108 grams, syrup 48 grams, fried potato 200 grams, bread 22 grams, butter 7 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Fried potato 200 grams, cream pie 167 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 25 grams, sugar 14 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fried rice | 115 | × | 0.36 | = | 0.414 | grams. | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Roll | 60 | × | 1.64 | = | 0.984 | ||
| Butter | 14 + 7 = | 21 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.032 | |
| Sugar | 14 + 14 + 14 = | 42 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Syrup | 48 + 48 = | 96 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.023 | |
| Celery soup | 150 | × | 0.48 | = | 0.720 | ||
| Farina croquette | 108 | × | 0.74 | = | 0.799 | ||
| Fried potato | 200 | × | 0.26 | = | 0.520 | ||
| Bread | 22 | × | 1.66 | = | 0.365 | ||
| Fried potato | 200 | × | 0.46 | = | 0.920 | ||
| Cream pie | 167 | × | 0.93 | = | 1.553 | ||
| Cream | 25 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.113 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 6.713 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 6.600 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2324 calories. |
NITROGEN BALANCE.—W. L. Anderson.
| Nitrogen Taken in. |
Output. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrogen in Urine. | Weight of Fæces (dry). | ||||||
| May | 18 | 13.855 | grams. | 10.03 | grams. | 42.3 | grams. |
| 19 | 10.960 | 10.15 | |||||
| 20 | 6.260 | 8.64 | 17.5 | ||||
| 21 | 8.623 | 8.46 | |||||
| 22 | 8.723 | 7.96 | 42.7 | ||||
| 23 | 6.303 | 7.49 | 41.0 | ||||
| 24 | 6.713 | 6.60 | 29.2 | ||||
| 172.7 | grams contain 6.30% N. |
||||||
| 61.437 | 59.33 | + | 10.880 | grams nitrogen. | |||
| 61.437 | grams nitrogen. | 70.210 | grams nitrogen. | ||||
| Nitrogen balance for seven days | = | -8.773 | grams. |
| Nitrogen balance per day | = | -1.253 | grams. |
Average Intake.
| Calories per day | 2494. |
| Nitrogen per day | 8.777 grams. |
Here, we find a minus balance of 8.773 grams of nitrogen for the seven days’ period. The total intake of nitrogen amounted to 61.437 grams, while there were excreted through the urine 59.33 grams, and through the fæces 10.880 grams of nitrogen, making a total output of 70.210 grams as contrasted with an intake of 61.437 grams of nitrogen. This loss of body material is to be attributed to the small fuel value of the food,—only 2494 calories as the day’s average,—though perhaps in part to the relatively small intake of nitrogen. In this connection it is to be noted that the average daily excretion of metabolized nitrogen for the seven days’ period amounted to only 8.777 grams, while the average daily excretion for the last two months of the experiment was as high as 10.07 grams. Undoubtedly, the subject did not eat as much food during the week of this balance trial as was needed to maintain equilibrium, under the conditions of bodily activity then prevailing.
The same statement applies to Mr. Bellis, whose balance trial likewise shows a deficiency of ingested nitrogen over the nitrogen output. Here, however, the deficiency is more manifestly due to the small fuel value of the daily food, which averaged only 2174 calories. Bellis showed an average daily excretion of metabolized nitrogen amounting to 8.45 grams for the last six weeks of the experiment, while in the balance period the excretion of metabolized nitrogen was 8.19 grams per day. The daily intake of nitrogen in the food, however, averaged only 7.76 grams, obviously too small a quantity to meet the wants of the body, especially with the low fuel value of the food. It is quite plain that during the week of this balance trial, the amount of food consumed was not equal to the necessities of the body, neither was it equal in nitrogen or fuel value to what the subject had been taking during the last few months of the experiment, and on which he had practically maintained body-weight for at least the last month of the experiment. It is further noticeable that during the balance week the body-weight dropped off somewhat.
Owing to the absence of Dr. Callahan from New Haven during this period, no attempt was made to determine experimentally whether he was in nitrogen equilibrium or not.
The following tables give the data in the experiment with Bellis:—
BELLIS.
Wednesday, May 18, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 94 grams, wheat roll 53 grams, butter 11 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 75 grams, sugar 21 grams.
Lunch.—Soup 150 grams, farina croquette 100 grams, syrup 50 grams, string beans 75 grams, fried sweet potato 117 grams, bread 36 grams, butter 7 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Hamburg steak 53 grams, potato 250 grams, spinach 100 grams, bread 55 grams, butter 10 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 75 grams, sugar 21 grams, apple pie 142 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 94 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.216 | grams. | |
| Cream | 75 + 75 = | 150 | × | 0.46 | = | 0.690 | |
| Sugar | 21 + 14 + 21 = | 56 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Roll (wheat) | 53 | × | 1.66 | = | 0.880 | ||
| Butter | 11 + 7 + 10 = | 28 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.042 | |
| Soup | 150 | × | 0.41 | = | 0.615 | ||
| Farina croquette | 100 | × | 1.09 | = | 1.090 | ||
| Fried sweet potato | 117 | × | 0.32 | = | 0.374 | ||
| String beans | 75 | × | 0.34 | = | 0.255 | ||
| Syrup | 50 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Bread | 36 | × | 1.60 | = | 0.576 | ||
| Hamburg steak | 53 | × | 3.64 | = | 1.929 | ||
| Potato | 250 | × | 0.38 | = | 0.950 | ||
| Spinach | 100 | × | 0.53 | = | 0.530 | ||
| Bread | 55 | × | 1.80 | = | 0.990 | ||
| Apple pie | 142 | × | 0.43 | = | 0.611 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 10.030 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 8.350 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2686 calories. |
Thursday, May 19, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 155 grams, roll 53 grams, butter 10 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 28 grams, cream 70 grams.
Lunch.—Fried hominy 60 grams, syrup 48 grams, potato 100 grams, boiled onion 82 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 35 grams, sugar 21 grams, bread pudding 134 grams.
Dinner.—Tomato soup 200 grams, macaroni 75 grams, mashed potato 54 grams, spinach 70 grams, boiled Indian-meal 100 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 80 grams, sugar 21 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roll | 53 | × | 1.54 | = | 0.816 | grams. | |
| Banana | 155 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.357 | ||
| Butter | 10 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.015 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Sugar | 28 + 21 + 21 = | 70 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Cream | 70 + 35 + 80 = | 185 | × | 0.47 | = | 0.870 | |
| Potato | 100 | × | 0.49 | = | 0.490 | ||
| Fried hominy | 60 | × | 0.67 | = | 0.402 | ||
| Boiled onion | 82 | × | 0.27 | = | 0.221 | ||
| Bread pudding | 134 | × | 0.28 | = | 0.375 | ||
| Syrup | 48 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Tomato soup | 200 | × | 0.53 | = | 1.060 | ||
| Macaroni | 75 | × | 0.93 | = | 0.698 | ||
| Mashed potato | 54 | × | 0.38 | = | 0.205 | ||
| Spinach | 70 | × | 0.56 | = | 0.392 | ||
| Boiled Indian-meal | 100 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.200 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 6.383 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 9.600 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2075 calories. |
Friday, May 20, 1904.
Breakfast.—Orange 150 grams, roll 57 grams, butter 17 grams, coffee 159 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Lunch.—Fried farina 74 grams, syrup 48 grams, potato 250 grams, lima beans 50 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Dinner.—Rice croquette 92 grams, syrup 48 grams, string beans 93 grams, mashed potato 352 grams, bread 40 grams, butter 8 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Evening.—Beer 450 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange | 150 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.300 | grams. | |
| Roll | 57 | × | 1.72 | = | 0.980 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Sugar | 14 + 14 + 14 = | 42 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Butter | 17 + 8 = | 25 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.038 | |
| Potato | 250 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.750 | ||
| Lima beans | 50 | × | 0.76 | = | 0.380 | ||
| Fried farina | 74 | × | 0.57 | = | 0.422 | ||
| Syrup | 48 + 48 = | 96 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.023 | |
| String beans | 93 | × | 0.36 | = | 0.335 | ||
| Bread | 40 | × | 1.97 | = | 0.788 | ||
| Mashed potato | 352 | × | 0.34 | = | 1.197 | ||
| Rice croquette | 92 | × | 1.06 | = | 0.975 | ||
| Beer | 450 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.311 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 6.769 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 10.670 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 1980 calories. |
Saturday, May 21, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 69 grams, baked potato 57 grams, bread 59 grams, butter 8 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Lunch.—Fried Indian-meal 80 grams, syrup 48 grams, potato croquette 152 grams, tomato 147 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams, water ice 163 grams.
Dinner.—Bean soup 150 grams, bacon 13 grams, fried egg 50 grams, fried potato 206 grams, lettuce salad 45 grams, bread 38 grams, butter 8 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 14 grams.
Evening.—Beer 600 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 69 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.159 | grams. | |
| Bread | 59 | × | 1.65 | = | 0.974 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Sugar | 14 + 14 + 14 = | 42 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Baked potato | 57 | × | 0.40 | = | 0.228 | ||
| Butter | 8 + 8 = | 16 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.024 | |
| Potato croquette | 152 | × | 0.71 | = | 1.079 | ||
| Tomato | 147 | × | 0.17 | = | 0.250 | ||
| Fried Indian-meal | 80 | × | 1.09 | = | 0.872 | ||
| Syrup | 48 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Water ice | 163 | × | 0.012 | = | 0.020 | ||
| Bread | 38 | × | 1.62 | = | 0.616 | ||
| Bacon | 13 | × | 3.05 | = | 0.397 | ||
| Fried egg | 50 | × | 2.27 | = | 1.135 | ||
| Bean soup | 150 | × | 1.21 | = | 1.815 | ||
| Lettuce salad | 45 | × | 0.21 | = | 0.095 | ||
| Fried potato | 206 | × | 0.60 | = | 1.236 | ||
| Beer | 600 | × | 0.069 | = | 0.414 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 9.596 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 8.460 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2071 calories. |
Sunday, May 22, 1904.
Breakfast.—Orange 100 grams, oatmeal 100 grams, roll 50 grams, butter 8 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 40 grams, sugar 21 grams.
Lunch.—Macaroni 112 grams, potato 200 grams, onions 143 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 7 grams, ice cream 170 grams, cake 31 grams.
Dinner.—Cream of celery soup 150 grams, mashed potato 182 grams, spinach 100 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 7 grams, strawberry short-cake 97 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orange | 100 | × | 0.20 | = | 0.200 | grams. | |
| Roll | 50 | × | 1.67 | = | 0.835 | ||
| Butter | 8 | × | 0.15 | = | 0.012 | ||
| Oatmeal | 100 | × | 0.43 | = | 0.430 | ||
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Sugar | 21 + 7 + 7 = | 35 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Cream | 40 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.180 | ||
| Macaroni | 112 | × | 0.46 | = | 0.515 | ||
| Potato | 200 | × | 0.30 | = | 0.600 | ||
| Onions | 143 | × | 0.25 | = | 0.358 | ||
| Ice cream | 170 | × | 0.53 | = | 0.901 | ||
| Cake | 31 | × | 1.20 | = | 0.372 | ||
| Cream of Celery soup | 150 | × | 0.33 | = | 0.495 | ||
| Mashed potato | 182 | × | 0.37 | = | 0.673 | ||
| Spinach | 100 | × | 0.55 | = | 0.550 | ||
| Strawberry short-cake | 97 | × | 0.50 | = | 0.485 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 6.876 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 7.710 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 1929 calories. |
Monday, May 23, 1904.
Breakfast.—Banana 219 grams, coffee 150 grams, cream 80 grams, sugar 28 grams.
Lunch.—Rice croquette 143 grams, syrup 45 grams, potato 200 grams, coffee 150 grams, sugar 7 grams, apple sauce 250 grams.
Dinner.—Vegetable soup 150 grams, bacon 37 grams, string beans 100 grams, potato 101 grams, macaroni 86 grams, coffee 150 grams, water ice 184 grams.
| Food. | Grams. | Per cent Nitrogen. | Total Nitrogen. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banana | 219 | × | 0.23 | = | 0.504 | grams. | |
| Cream | 80 | × | 0.45 | = | 0.360 | ||
| Sugar | 28 + 7 = | 35 | × | 0.00 | = | 0.000 | |
| Coffee | 150 + 150 + 150 = | 450 | × | 0.06 | = | 0.270 | |
| Apple sauce | 250 | × | 0.02 | = | 0.050 | ||
| Rice croquette | 143 | × | 0.61 | = | 0.872 | ||
| Syrup | 45 | × | 0.024 | = | 0.011 | ||
| Potato | 200 | × | 0.60 | = | 1.200 | ||
| Macaroni | 86 | × | 0.87 | = | 0.748 | ||
| Vegetable soup | 150 | × | 0.70 | = | 1.050 | ||
| Bacon | 37 | × | 3.28 | = | 1.214 | ||
| String beans | 100 | × | 0.22 | = | 0.220 | ||
| Potato croquette | 101 | × | 0.77 | = | 0.778 | ||
| Water ice | 184 | × | 0.006 | = | 0.011 | ||
| Total nitrogen in food | 7.288 | grams. | |||||
| Total nitrogen in urine | 5.980 | ||||||
| Fuel value of the food | 2226 calories. |