INDEX.
- Abbreviated syllables, 15.
- Abbreviations, list of, 344-356.
- Abecedarium, probably the earliest attempt at printing, 11.
- Accents and aspirates, Greek, 99-101.
- Hebrew, 106-108.
- Russian, 112, 113.
- Accented letters, 67.
- Acids used in making paper spoil the effect of ink, 276, 277.
- Adams, Isaac, inventor of the bed-and-platen power-press, 237, 238.
- Adhesion of paper, how to prevent, 316.
- Admiration, sign of, 63.
- Agate type, specimen of, 54.
- Alcfrid, Runic memorial of, 89.
- Alexandri Galli Doctrinale, one of the first printed books, 10.
- Almanac, first printed book in the Middle Colonies, 16, 17.
- Alphabet, Anglo-Saxon, 91.
- English, 58.
- German, 94.
- Greek, 98.
- Hebrew, 104.
- Hieroglyphic, 84.
- Runes, 86-90.
- Russian, 112, 113.
- Alterations in a proof justly chargeable, 204, 205, 211.
- not allowable in reprints of old and standard authors, 202.
- Amber ink, how to produce, 288.
- Ambiguous and compound words to be set uniformly, 202.
- American type, superior quality of, 23.
- American Weekly Mercury, third newspaper in America, 17.
- Ancient ornaments, exquisite and curious, 15, 16.
- press, clumsy, 235.
- typographical peculiarities, 15.
- Anglo-Saxon characters, how originated, 51.
- alphabetical table of, 91.
- cases for, 92, 93.
- Lord’s Prayer in, 51.
- runes, table of, 88.
- Apostrophe, how used, 63, 64.
- Appeal against the Turks, of 1454, 11.
- Applegath and Cowper, improvers of the cylinder press, 238, 239.
- Apprentice, how to instruct an, 122.
- must be punctual, obedient, and courteous, 123.
- qualifications required in an, 121.
- ridiculous practices to be avoided by, 122.
- Apprentices, advice to, 137, 138.
- Arithmetical figures, when introduced, 70.
- Article, the indefinite, rule for using, 318.
- Ascending letters, 59.
- Asterisk, use of, 66.
- Astronomical signs, 73, 74.
- Authors, detention of proofs by, 205.
- hints to, 211.
- impatience of, 205.
- whims of, 61.
- Automatic counter, illustrated, 310.
- machine, for casting and finishing type, 23.
- Backing long or short pages, 133.
- Baine, John, sets up a type-foundry in Philadelphia, 19.
- Bay Psalm-Book, first book printed at Cambridge, 16.
- Bearers on hand-presses, how prepared, 259, 277, 278, 281.
- Beaumont, Victor, inventor of serrated cutting blade, 242.
- Beginners, ironical rules for, 139, 140.
- Bewcastle cross, Runic inscription on, 89.
- Bible, first, printed at Mentz, by Gutenberg, Fust and Schœffer, in 1455, of which there are four copies in Europe and two in the United States, 11.
- Brinley’s, 11.
- German, printed in Germantown, by Saur, 19.
- Lenox’s, 11.
- Mazarin, 11.
- printed in Iceland in 1584, 14.
- quarto, in standing type, in Philadelphia, 26.
- Biblia Pauperum, attributed to Koster, 10.
- Bill of type, 57.
- Binny, Archibald, first successful founder in Philadelphia, 19, 20.
- improver of the type-mould, 19, 42.
- Black letter, when used, 51.
- Blades, William, 14.
- Blaeu, Willem Jansen, early inventor of a press, 235.
- Blankets for wood-cut printing, 282.
- India-rubber, 266.
- thick paper, 266.
- Welsh flannel, 266.
- when to be used, 257, 266.
- Blanking, remarks concerning, 259.
- Bleaching powders deleterious, 276.
- Block books, 10.
- Blue ink, how to make, 287, 288.
- Bodkin, how to use the, 208, 209.
- illustrated, 209, 210.
- Books, cheapening of, due to steam-presses, 240.
- early, printed in Gothic character, 16.
- first, printed on one side of the leaf only, 10.
- how to preserve, 317.
- Book-folding machine, illustrated, 249.
- Borders, 80, 120.
- Boston Gazette, second newspaper published in America, 17.
- News-Letter, first newspaper published in America, 17.
- Bourgeois, specimen of, 54.
- Boxwood, description of good, 36.
- liable to warp, 282, 283.
- quoin, 306.
- Braces, use of, 75.
- Bracket, how used, 65.
- Bradford, William, first printer in the Middle Colonies, 16, 17.
- Brass rules, remarks concerning, 80.
- slotted corners, description of, 44.
- Break-lines improperly driven over, 133.
- should never begin a page, 133.
- Brevier, specimen of, 54.
- Brilliant, smallest type in America, 52.
- specimen of, 54.
- Brinley’s collection of Bibles, 11.
- British founders reject American casting-machines, 23.
- Bronze printing, how executed, 284, 285.
- Brown ink, how to produce, 288.
- Bruce, David and George, type-founders in New York, 21, 22.
- David, Jr., type-casting machine invented by, 22.
- Bullock, William, inventor of the first perfecting press, 242-244.
- chain-running press, 244.
- self-feeding perfecting press, illustrated, 243.
- Bundle of paper described, 294.
- Cabinet for chases, illustrated, 231.
- with galley-top, illustrated, 304.
- Cabinets, job cases should be kept in, 304.
- of cases, for sorts, quads, etc., illustrated, 219-221.
- should be kept in perfect order, 221.
- Cambridge, first press in North America at, 16.
- Campbell’s cylinder presses, 239, 246.
- self-feeding perfecting press, 246.
- Cancelled figures, 70.
- Capital, good character is, 138.
- letters, 58-60.
- letters, how to use, 59, 60.
- Card-cutters, 309.
- printing, directions for, 283, 284.
- sheets, chart for cutting, (Le Blond,) 302.
- Carey, Mathew, 26.
- Cases, American plan of Roman, 124, 125.
- blank, 303.
- German, 96, 97.
- Greek, 102, 103.
- Hebrew, 109, 111.
- how to label job, 304.
- job, 302.
- labour-saving lead, 303.
- labour-saving rule, 82, 302.
- labour-saving slug, 303.
- music, 117-119.
- number of, to a fount, 128.
- proposed improvement in, 126.
- quotation furniture, 303.
- Saxon, 92, 93.
- triple job, 302.
- Caslon, William, 18.
- Cassie quires, why so called, 294.
- Casting off copy, methods of, 223-226.
- Catch-words, first used at Venice, 16.
- in titles, how to be set, 134.
- Caxton, William, introduces printing into England, 14.
- his first types not cast or founded, 13.
- Centennial Exhibition, 1876, presses exhibited at, 244-246.
- fast printing at, 245.
- Chalcography, inventor of, 34.
- Chromo-lithography, 29.
- Chromos, printed on cylinder presses, 31.
- Chronicle of Cologne, 9.
- Cicero, French and German name for Pica, 53.
- Circular quadrates, 78.
- Clicker, or maker-up, duties of, 226-228.
- Clymer, George, inventor of the Columbian press, 236, 237.
- Colon, use of, 62.
- Colorito, Abraham, printer at Soncino, 1488, 14.
- Colour, uniformity in, 263, 278, 279.
- Coloured inks, how to make, 286-288.
- printing, instructions for, 285-287.
- Colours, contrast of, 289-292.
- how to multiply, 288.
- how to use dry, 287, 288.
- Columbian press, illustrated, 236.
- introduced into England, 237.
- Combination borders, 80, 120.
- Comma, use of, 62.
- Commercial post paper, size of, 298.
- signs, 71.
- Companionships, how managed, 228-232.
- misunderstandings in, 228.
- Composing, directions for, 129-136.
- how to avoid errors in, 130.
- position in, 127.
- rule, steel, illustrated, 228.
- sticks, illustrated, 305.
- screw, the best for fixed measures, 305.
- Composition rollers, how to make, 252-254, 311, 312.
- how to wash, 253.
- melting-kettle for, illustrated, 252.
- Compositors, differences in 218.
- rules to be observed by, 233, 234.
- Compound words, 64, 65, 331.
- Contents, rules for, 135.
- Continuous sheet, printing from a, 242.
- Contrast of colours, 289-292.
- Conversation in a printing office to be avoided, 234.
- Copy, casting off, 223-226.
- takes of, should be small, 221.
- to be carefully prepared, 204.
- Copyholder, illustrated, 309.
- Copyrights, how to secure, 333-335.
- application to be made to Librarian of Congress, 333.
- cannot be granted upon trade-marks or labels, 335.
- duration of, 334.
- form of notice, 334.
- penalty for false notice, 334.
- renewal of, 334.
- Cork bearers, 259.
- Corner quadrates, illustrated, 307.
- Corpus, German name for Long Primer, 54.
- Correcting in the metal, 207-211.
- directions for, 208-210.
- rules for, in a companionship, 231, 232.
- Coster, (see Koster,) 9-11.
- Cottrell & Babcock’s cylinder presses, 239.
- Counting out sheets, 297.
- Courtesy, importance of, 123.
- Creases and wrinkles in paper, how to remove, 263.
- Cross-bar, how to avoid springing, 148.
- Crown paper, size of, 298.
- Cut-in notes, how adjusted, 131, 132.
- Cuts, how to make ready, 280-283.
- Cylinder press, invention of the, 238.
- presses, making ready on, 265-275.
- Dagger or obelisk, use of, 66.
- Dash, use of, 63.
- Dates, method of, during the French Republic, 69.
- Daye, John, Anglo-Saxon types first cut by, 51.
- Daye, Stephen, first printer in North America, 16.
- Dedications, how displayed, 135.
- position of, 135.
- Degener & Weiler’s Liberty press, illustrated, 246, 247.
- Delicate impression, how to produce, 281, 282.
- Demy paper, size of, 298.
- Derivation of English words, 324-326.
- Descending letters, 59.
- De Vinne’s history of the invention of printing, 12.
- Diamond type, specimen of, 54.
- Diphthongs, Greek, 99.
- Distributing, directions for, 128, 129.
- how to wash matter for, 128, 129.
- pernicious effects from heating
- type for, 129.
- proper times for, 129.
- Dividing words, rules for, 64, 65.
- Donatus of 1451, 11.
- Double imperial paper, size of, 298.
- letters, 59.
- medium paper, size of, 298.
- super-royal paper, size of, 298.
- Drawing paper, how to be wet, 256.
- Dry colours, how to use, 287, 288.
- Duck’s bill, to prevent paper from slipping on the tympan, 278.
- Duodecimo, or twelves, scheme for imposing sheet of, 165.
- the same, without cutting, 166.
- the same, two signatures, 167.
- half-sheet, 168.
- the same, without cutting, 168.
- the same, from the centre, 169.
- sheet of, from the centre, 170.
- the same, long way, 171, 172.
- one-third of a sheet, 171, 172.
- two half-sheets, together, 173.
- half-sheet, two signatures, 174.
- Earl Stanhope’s printing-press, 236.
- Earliest printing-press, 235.
- written sounds, 83-85.
- Egyptian hieroglyphics, specimens of type for printing, 83-85.
- Eighteens, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 176.
- the same, with two blanks, 176.
- sheet of, folded together, 177, 178.
- the same, with one signature, 177, 178.
- the same, with two signatures, 179, 180.
- the same, with three signatures, 179, 180.
- half-sheet of, without transposition, 181.
- Electro-stereotyping, 27, 43.
- Electrotyping, method of, 27.
- Emerald green, 288.
- Enamelled cards, to be printed dry, 283, 284.
- English type, specimen of, 53.
- Engraver’s proof useful to pressmen, 283.
- Engravings, copper-plate, 34.
- how to print, 280-283.
- how to restore, 317.
- tools for, 34.
- wood, 31-34.
- Epitaph, printer’s, 208.
- Errata, list of, where placed, 136.
- Errors inevitable, 136.
- made in correcting a proof, 203, 204.
- Escala espiritual de San Juan Climaco, the first book printed in America, 16.
- Even impressions on a hand-press, how to obtain, 277-279.
- Exclamation, sign of, 63.
- Feed-guides, Megill’s, illustrated, 310.
- Figgins’s, Vincent, opinion of Caxton’s type, 13.
- Figures, arithmetical, 70.
- old style, 70.
- scratched or cancelled, 70.
- Filling the standing press, 296, 297.
- Fine hand-presswork, remarks concerning, 275-279.
- printing, character of ink required for, 275, 276.
- paper suitable for, 257.
- why difficult in the United States, 276, 277.
- Finiguerra, Thomas, discoverer of chalcography, 34.
- Firefly press, Gordon’s, 247.
- Fireproof ink, 314.
- Flat cap paper, size of, 298.
- Flowers and borders, remarks on, 80.
- Fly on cylinder presses, how to be set, 274.
- Folding machines, 249.
- Folio, imposing single sheet of, 150.
- paper, size of, 298.
- two sheets quired, 151, 152.
- Follow copy, the compositor’s rule, 204.
- Foolscap paper, dimensions of, 298.
- Foreign words and phrases, translated, 357-372.
- Foreman, duties and qualifications of, 218-232.
- Form, how to make ready for hand-press, 257-260.
- of warehouse book, 293.
- Forms, directions for locking up, 147, 148.
- how to impose, 141, 142.
- how to wash, 264, 265.
- precautions in unlocking, 208.
- Forties, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 191.
- Forty-eights, scheme for imposing quarter sheet of, with two signatures, 192.
- the same, without cutting, 193.
- half-sheet of, 192.
- the same, three signatures, 193.
- quarter sheet of, 194.
- Foul proof, a grievous fault, 207.
- Founders, English, ancient regulations concerning, 18.
- Fount of letter, complete, described, 58.
- Founts, irregularities of, 58.
- Fractions, 70.
- Franklin, Benjamin, attempts type-founding, 19.
- James, establishes the New England Courant, 17.
- Franklin presses, Gordon’s, 247.
- illustrated, 246.
- Friars, how to obviate, 263.
- Frisket, directions for preparing, 258.
- catch of, how to place, 259.
- Full point, use of, 62, 63.
- Furniture, how to make up, 144, 145.
- Fust, John, connection with Gutenberg and Schœffer, 11, 12.
- Gaillarde, French term for Bourgeois type, 54.
- Gallows, how to be placed, 259.
- Game of Chess, first book printed in England by Caxton, 14.
- Gauge pins, Megill’s, illustrated, 310.
- Ged, William, inventor of stereotyping, 24.
- Geometrical signs, 71, 72.
- German alphabet, 94.
- plan of cases for, 96, 97.
- similar letters elucidated, 94, 95.
- Germantown, first paper mill in America, near, 17.
- first quarto Bible in America, printed at, 19.
- type cast at, by Saur, 19.
- Giving out book paper to wet, 294.
- paper for jobs, 294, 295.
- Globe press, 248.
- Glover, Jesse, introduces printing into Cambridge, Mass., 16.
- Glue, common prepared, 313.
- liquid, how to make, 313.
- Gold preparation, how to use, 288.
- printing, how practised, 284, 317.
- size for gold printing, 284.
- Good habits inculcated, 121-123, 137, 138.
- presswork, conditions for securing, 279.
- Gordon’s Franklin press, illustrated, 246.
- job-presses, 246, 247.
- Gothic characters, early books printed in, 16.
- Gradation of type bodies, 56.
- Grant Thorburn, benevolence of, 239.
- Great Primer, specimen of, 53.
- Greek accents and aspirates, 98-101.
- alphabetical table of, 98.
- letters, numerical value of, 67, 98.
- ligatures now discarded, 98.
- numeral letters, table of, 67.
- plan of cases for, 102, 103.
- rules for composing, 101.
- Green ink, how to make, 288.
- Gros Romain, French title for Great Primer, 53.
- Guillemet’s quotation marks, 62.
- Gutenberg, account of, 9-14.
- Gutter-sticks, directions for cutting, 148.
- Gypsum in paper, effects of, 276, 277.
- Haarlem, the birthplace of printing, 9.
- Hand-mould improved by Binny, 20.
- Hand-press, how to prepare impression on, 275-279.
- how to overlay on, 277.
- bearers used on, 277, 278.
- Hand-presswork, fine, how to produce, 275-279.
- Handwriting, erroneous notion concerning, 226.
- Hanging pages, how to rectify, 208.
- up paper to dry, 295.
- Hansard’s receipt for making rollers, 253, 254.
- Hard roller, best for fine work, 267.
- Head-lines, how displayed, 131.
- Heap of paper, how to treat, 259.
- Heated type, pernicious effects from distributing it, 129.
- Hebrew accents, 106-108.
- alphabet, identical with Phœnician, 83.
- alphabetical table of, 104.
- Bible, first printed, 14.
- letters, numeral value of, 104.
- letters of similar appearance, 105.
- lower case, without points, 109.
- Masoretic points or vowels, 106.
- method of composing, 105.
- plan of cases with points, 110, 111.
- scheme for imposing 8vo sheet of, 161, 162.
- spacing letters, 105.
- Height of type, standard for, 57, 58.
- Hieroglyphic alphabet, 84.
- Hinderances to fine printing in America, 276, 277.
- Hints honoured in the breach, 136, 137.
- Hoe & Co.’s cylinder presses, 239-242.
- Hoe, Richard M., inventor of type-revolving printing machine, 241.
- Robert, account of, 239, 240.
- Hoe’s web perfecting press, illustrated, 245.
- Hollow quadrates, use of, 77.
- Horn-book, illustration of, xi.
- Humphreys’s History of the Art of Printing, 12.
- Hurried work, how to expedite, 226-228.
- Hyphen, how employed, 64, 65.
- not used by the earliest printers, 15.
- Iceland, early printing office in, 14.
- Imperial and half paper, size of, 298.
- paper, dimensions of, 298.
- Imposing forms, directions for, 141, 142.
- in companionships, rules for, 230, 231.
- Imposing, memoranda concerning, 148, 149.
- abstract title-deeds, 150.
- Folio, single sheet, 150.
- two sheets, quired, 151, 152.
- Quarto, common sheet of, 153, 154.
- scheme for, music books, 153, 154.
- two half-sheets, together, 155, 156.
- half-sheet, broad way, 155, 156.
- Octavo, sheet of, 157, 158.
- the broad way, 157, 158.
- half-sheet, 159.
- two half-sheets, together, 159, 160.
- two quarters, together, 160.
- sheet, mixed, 161, 162.
- sheet of Hebrew, 161, 162.
- sheet, from the centre, 163, 164.
- half-sheet, from the centre, 163.
- two quarters, from the centre, 164.
- Duodecimo, or 12mo, sheet, 165.
- the same, without cutting, 166.
- the same, two signatures, 167.
- half-sheet, 168.
- the same, without cutting, 168.
- the same, from the centre, 169.
- sheet of, from the centre, 170.
- the same, long way, 171, 172.
- one-third of a sheet, 171, 172.
- two half-sheets, together, 173.
- half-sheet, two signatures, 174.
- Sixteens, half-sheet of, 174.
- sheet of, 175.
- Eighteens, half-sheet of, 176.
- the same, with two blanks, 176.
- sheet of, folded together, 177, 178.
- sheet of, one signature, 177, 178.
- the same, two signatures, 179, 180.
- sheet of, three signatures, 179, 180.
- half-sheet of, without transposition, 181.
- Twenties, half-sheet of, with two signatures, 181.
- sheet of, 182.
- Twenty-Fours, half-sheet of, 183.
- sheet of, two signatures, 183, 184.
- half-sheet of, sixteen-way, 184.
- half-sheet of, long, 185.
- half-sheet, two signatures, 185.
- half-sheet, without cutting, 186.
- Thirty-Twos, half-sheet of, 186.
- sheet of, 187, 188.
- the same, four signatures, 187, 188.
- half-sheet, two signatures, 189.
- half-sheet of, mixed, 189.
- Thirty-Sixes, half-sheet of, 190.
- the same, without cutting, 190.
- the same, two signatures, 191.
- Forties, half-sheet of, 191.
- Forty-Eights, quarter sheet of, with two signatures, 192.
- the same, without cutting, 193.
- common quarter-sheet of, 194.
- half-sheet of, two signatures, 192.
- the same, three signatures, 193.
- Sixty-Fours, quarter sheet, 195.
- the same, two signatures, 194.
- sixty-fours, mixed, 195.
- half-sheet of, 196.
- Seventy-Twos, half-sheet of, 197.
- Ninety-Sixes, half-sheet of, 198.
- One Hundred and Twenty-Eights, half-sheet of, 199.
- Imposing stone, illustrated, 308.
- Impression on cylinder presses, how to regulate, 269-275.
- Indenting paragraphs, rule for, 132.
- Index, directions for preparing copy of, 133.
- rule for setting, 133.
- where placed, 133.
- India paper suitable for overlays, 280.
- India-rubber cloth, good qualities of, 266.
- Ink-block, how to be placed, 251.
- Ink, black, how to intensify, 284.
- coloured, 286, 287.
- requires a hard roller, 267.
- for cylinder presses, 267, 268.
- for fine work, indispensable qualities of, 275, 276.
- how to prevent setting off, 279.
- how to remove surplus from the roller, 262.
- how to produce amber, 288.
- blue, 287, 288.
- brown, 288.
- fire-proof, 314.
- green, 288.
- lilac, 288.
- pink, 288.
- purple, 288.
- red, 286-288.
- scarlet, 288.
- vermilion, 288.
- to mark tin or zinc, 315.
- driers, how to make, 315, 316.
- Ink-fountain, how to manage, 268.
- patent, illustrated, 310.
- Ink-stone and muller, illustrated, 285.
- Interleaving necessary in fine presswork, 279.
- Interrogation, sign of, 63.
- Iron furniture, how made, 310.
- Ironical rules for compositors, 136, 137.
- for beginners in business, 139, 140.
- Italic letter, invention of, 50.
- abuse of, 51.
- Job department, 300-310.
- capitals and lower-case should not be laid together, 304.
- cases should be labelled with the type which is in case, 304.
- how to conduct the business, 300.
- memorandum slip for record, 301.
- requisites for, 301-310.
- selection of material, 300.
- Job presses, American, unsurpassed, 246.
- varieties of, 246-248.
- Jobbing facilities, 300-310.
- Jobs, making margin for, 147.
- Johnson, Lawrence, type-founder in Philadelphia, 20.
- William M., invents a type-casting machine, 22.
- Journeymen, idle, 18.
- Junius, Hadrianus, 10.
- Justification, accurate, absolutely essential, 131.
- Kerned letters, 59.
- Kinsley, Dr., invents a cylinder press, 238.
- Knowledge, progress of, accelerated by steam-presses, 240.
- König, Frederick, inventor of the cylinder press, 238.
- Koster, (or Coster,) Laurentius, inventor of printing, 9-14.
- printer of block books, 10.
- used wooden and tin type, 10.
- Labour-saving brass rule, 81.
- plan of case for, 82.
- curvatures, 79.
- quotation furniture, 77.
- rule, 43, 81.
- Lamp-holder, 309.
- Laying a fount of type, directions for, 127.
- pages, 143, 144.
- Lead cutter, illustrated, 307.
- Leads, described, 80.
- Leather belting, how to soften, 316.
- Lenox, James, of New York, collection of Bibles, 11.
- Lepsius, R., hieroglyphic types of, 83.
- Letter paper, size of, 298.
- Letters of Indulgence, of 1454-5, 11.
- Letters, accented, 67.
- ascending, 59.
- descending, 59.
- double, 59.
- kerned, 59.
- long, 59.
- numeral, 67.
- short, 59.
- two-line, 76.
- Ley, directions for making, 312.
- not to be used on wood-cuts, 283.
- Ley-brush, how to be made, 265.
- Ley-trough, described, 264, 265.
- Liberty press, illustrated, 247.
- Lifting pages, 143.
- Lightning press, Hoe’s, 239-242.
- illustrated, 240.
- Lilac ink, how to make, 288.
- Lithographic chalk and ink, 28.
- stone, 27.
- transfer ink, how to make, 315.
- Lithography, discovery of, 27.
- practice of, 27-31.
- Locking up forms, 147, 148.
- Long letters, 59.
- Long Primer, specimen of, 54.
- Lord’s Prayer in Anglo-Saxon, 51.
- Lower-case sorts, 59.
- Machine-casting, 22.
- Machine-made paper, sizes of, 298.
- Machine-press of Isaac Adams, 237, 238.
- Frederick, König, 238.
- Applegath and Cowper, 238.
- Richard M. Hoe, 239-242.
- William Bullock, 242-244.
- Campbell, 239, 246.
- Cottrell & Babcock, 239.
- Walter, 244.
- Mackling, how to remedy, 263.
- Make-up rule, steel, illustrated, 229.
- Making margin, 145-147.
- for jobs, 147.
- ready a form, directions for, 257-260.
- on cylinder presses, 265-275.
- wood-cuts, directions for, 280-283.
- register, directions for, 260.
- Making up furniture, 144, 145.
- in companionship, 229.
- letter and furniture in companionships, 230.
- Manual de Adultos, one of the first books printed in America, 16.
- Manuccio, Aldo, 61.
- Mappa, Adam G., one of the early American type-founders, 19.
- Margin, how to make, 145-147.
- on cylinder presses, 268.
- Masoretic points, 106.
- Mathematical signs, 71, 72.
- Matrices, copper, 40.
- electrotyped, 23.
- Matrix, illustrated, 40.
- Mazarin Bibles, 11.
- Measure of stick, how to make by ems, 129.
- Mecom, Benjamin, 24.
- Medium paper, size of, 298.
- Melting-kettle, description of, 252.
- Metal rules, 75.
- Metric system, 336, 337.
- Minerva cutting machine, illustrated, 309.
- Minion type, specimen of, 54.
- Mitering machine, illustrated, 307.
- Mittel, German name for English type, 53.
- Modern conveniences, 120.
- Mucilage, directions for making, 312, 313.
- Mud process in stereotyping, 26.
- Music, comparative table of bodies, 115.
- directions for composing, 116.
- plan of cases for, 117-119.
- specimens of, 114.
- New Hampshire Gazette, oldest living paper of the United States, 17.
- Newspapers, number of, printed in the United States in 1801 and 1810, 20.
- New types, how to prevent them from adhering together, 127.
- New York Gazette, first newspaper published there, 17.
- Nicks, position of, 58.
- Nicholson, William, suggester of the cylinder press, 238.
- Ninety-sixes, to impose half-sheet, 198.
- Nonpareil press, illustrated, 247.
- type, specimen of, 54.
- Norse-Runic alphabet, 87, 88.
- North American and United States Gazette, of Philadelphia, oldest daily newspaper in the United States, 17.
- Note paper, size of, 298.
- Notes, proper size of type for, 131.
- cut in, how arranged, 132.
- Numeral letters, Gothic, 68, 69.
- Greek, 67.
- Roman, 68, 69.
- Numerical value of Greek letters, 67, 98.
- Hebrew letters, 104.
- Octavo, scheme for imposing sheet of, 157, 158.
- sheet of, the broad way, 157, 158.
- two half-sheets, together, 159, 160.
- sheet mixed, 161, 162.
- half-sheet, 159.
- two quarters, together, 160.
- sheet of Hebrew, 161, 162.
- sheet of, from the centre, 163, 164.
- half-sheet of, do., 163.
- two quarter-sheets, do., 164.
- Oiling a press, 292.
- Old English letter used by the early printers, 49.
- Old-style figures, advantages of, 70.
- Old works, no license of alteration allowable in reprinting, 202.
- One hundred and twenty-eights, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 199.
- Ornaments, ancient, exquisite and curious, 15, 16.
- Orthography, hints on, 318-332.
- uniformity in, 202.
- Overlaying on cylinder presses, 272, 273.
- on hand-presses, 277.
- Overrunning, proper method of, 210.
- Overseer, duties of, 218-232.
- Over-sheets, rules for giving out, 294.
- Packet note paper, size of, 298.
- post paper, size of, 298.
- Pages, how to tie up, 142, 143.
- how to lift, 143.
- how to lay, 143.
- Palmaert, Lambert, printed at Valencia, 1479, 14.
- Paper-bank, how to be placed, 259.
- Paper for jobs, rule for giving out, 294.
- cutters, 309.
- instructions for wetting, 255-257.
- qualities of good, 276.
- quantity required for a book, 299.
- sizes of, 298.
- suitable for fine printing, 257.
- Papier-maché moulds, 242.
- Paragon type, so called by printers in all countries, 52.
- Paragraph mark, how used, 66.
- Paragraphs, authors’ irregularities in making, 132, 133.
- rule for indenting, 132.
- Parchment tympans, 254.
- Parenthesis, use of, 65, 66.
- Pasteboard tympan for a cylinder press, advantages of, 265.
- Paste, directions for making, 312.
- Pearl type, specimen of, 54.
- Peerless press, illustrated, 248.
- Penn, William, promotes printing in Pennsylvania, 17.
- Perforating machine for round holes, illustrated, 308.
- rule, illustrated, 308.
- Perforator, Ames’s Patent, 308.
- Period, use of, 62.
- Petit and Jungfer, German names of Brevier, 54.
- Petit Romain, French name of Long Primer, 54.
- Petri Hispani Tractatibus Logicis, one of the first printed books, 10.
- Phœnician alphabetic system, 83.
- Photo-engraving, 35-38.
- Phrases, foreign, translated, 357-372.
- Pica, specimen of, 53.
- the standard type, 52.
- Picks in types, how to remove, 262.
- in wood-cuts, how to take out, 281.
- Pietrison, Thomas, the inventor of printers’ ink, 10.
- Pink ink, how to produce, 288.
- Planetary signs, 73, 74.
- Plate paper, directions for wetting, 256.
- Plumbago, used in electrotyping, 27, 45.
- Point system of type bodies, 55, 56.
- Points, how to arrange, 258.
- Polyglot founders, 18.
- Position of nicks, 58.
- in composing, 127.
- Prefaces, rules concerning, 135.
- Press-book, form of, 222.
- Press arbitrarily restricted, 235.
- history of invention of, 235-248.
- old common, 235.
- to print and number railroad tickets and coupons, 246.
- Presses—see machine-presses.
- how to oil, 292.
- Pressing sheets, mode of, 296, 297.
- Pressmen should examine every sheet as printed, 263.
- rules and remedies for, 262-264.
- should study fine specimens of printing, 277.
- Presswork, requisites for producing fine, 275-279.
- Prima, 203.
- Printed sheets, how treated, 295-297.
- Printers, how not to succeed in business, 139, 140.
- ironical rules for, 136, 137.
- Printer’s knife, illustrated, 210, 211.
- Printing, discovery of, 9-14.
- extension of, 13.
- in bronzes, 284, 285.
- in colours, 285-288.
- in gold, directions for, 284.
- introduced into America, 16.
- manner of discovery, 9-12.
- Printing-machine, type-revolving, 240-242.
- Printing-offices, rules to be observed in, 233, 234.
- Printing-press, amateur, 248.
- Bullock, 242-244.
- Campbell, 239, 246.
- Cottrell & Babcock, 239.
- Degener, 246, 247.
- Earl Stanhope’s, 236.
- earliest, 235.
- first set up in North America, 16.
- Frederick König’s, 238.
- Gally, 246.
- George Clymer’s, 236.
- George P. Gordon’s, 246, 247.
- invention of the, 235-248.
- Isaac Adams’s, 237.
- Job, 246-248.
- Peter Smith’s, 237.
- Railroad-ticket, 246.
- Ramage’s, 236.
- Richard M. Hoe’s, 239-242.
- Ruggles, 246.
- Samuel Rust’s, 237.
- Walter, 244.
- Wells, 246.
- Willem Jansen Blaeu’s, 235.
- Proof-marks, explanation of, 214, 215.
- illustration of, 212, 213.
- Proof-press, illustrated, 343.
- Proof-reader, author’s obligations to, 201.
- duties of a, 202, 207.
- friendly offices of, 201.
- qualifications of, 200-206.
- should be a compositor, 200.
- Proof-readers, caprices of, 207.
- Proof-sheets, alterations in, justly chargeable, 204, 205, 211.
- detained by authors, 205.
- errors in correcting, 203, 204.
- method of reading, 202, 203.
- plan for keeping account of, 203.
- remarks concerning, 202.
- should be read by two readers, 204.
- Proofs of engravings, how to take, 283.
- Proper names should be plainly written, 211.
- Prussian blue ink, 287.
- Publishers’ interference with the printers’ province, 134.
- Pulling, directions for, 260-262, 279.
- Punch, illustrated, 40.
- Punctuality indispensable in an apprentice, 123.
- Punctuation, amending of, should be confined to one reader, 204.
- and orthography to be uniform throughout a book, 202.
- points of later invention than printing, 61.
- variations in use of, 61.
- whims of authors, 61.
- Wilson’s Treatise on, 62, 65.
- Quadrates, circular, illustrated, and described, 78, 79.
- corner, illustrated, 306.
- directions for composing, 78, 79.
- hollow, illustrated, 77.
- Quantity of paper required to print a book of one thousand copies, 299.
- Quarto, scheme for imposing, 153, 154.
- the broad way for music, 153, 154.
- two half-sheets, together, 155, 156.
- half-sheet, the broad way, 155, 156.
- Quires, cassie, of what made up, 294.
- Quitting work, precautions to be used by the pressmen in, 264.
- Quoins, proper form of, 147, 148.
- how to unlock, 148.
- various patents, 306.
- Quotation furniture, illustrated, 77.
- marks, 62.
- Quotations, broad and narrow, 76.
- Railroad-ticket printing-machine, 246.
- Ramage, Adam, 236.
- Reading-boy, 202.
- Receipts, various, 311-317.
- Red ink, how to make, 286, 288.
- References, use of, 66, 67.
- Register, how to make, 260.
- Regulations for a printing-office, 233, 234.
- Reprints from standard authors not to vary from the original, 202.
- Revise, 206.
- Revise sheet necessary, 260.
- Riding, how to prevent, 286.
- Rittenhouse, William, the first paper-maker in America, 17.
- Roller-boy, 262.
- Roller-handle, how to lie when used, 251.
- how to check, 251.
- Roller, hard, best for fine work, 267.
- soft, required for posters and old type, 267.
- Roller-mould, directions for using, 252.
- Roller-stand, how to set up, 250, 251.
- illustrated, 251.
- Rollers, composition, how made, 252-254, 311, 312.
- for hand-presses, how to keep, 278.
- hand-press, 252.
- precautions in using, 252.
- to be adapted to style of work, 267.
- when in working order, 253.
- Roman letter, invention of, 49.
- deserving general adoption, 50.
- Ronaldson, James, type-founder in Philadelphia, 19.
- Richard, type-founder in Philadelphia, 20.
- Rosetta stone, discovery of, 83.
- Royal and half paper, size of, 298.
- Royal paper, size of, 298.
- Ruggles’s job presses, 246.
- card cutter, illustrated, 309.
- Rule, brass, 80.
- labour-saving, illustrated, 81.
- plan of case for, 82.
- Rules and remedies for pressmen, 262-264.
- for beginners in business, ironical, 139, 140.
- for compositors, ironical, 136, 137.
- for perforating, illustrated, 308.
- Runes, earliest alphabets of the Teutons and Goths, 86.
- Runic alphabets, 86-90.
- inscription on Bewcastle cross, 89.
- Russian alphabet, 112, 113.
- Rust, Samuel, inventor of the Washington press, 237.
- Saur (or Sower), Christopher, first American type-founder, 19.
- issues the Germantown Chronicle in 1739, 19.
- prints the first quarto Bible, 19.
- Scarlet ink, how to make, 288.
- Schœffer, Peter, inventor of type-founding, 13, 14.
- Semicolon, invented by Aldo Manuccio, 61.
- use of, 62.
- Senefelder, Alois, discoverer of lithography, 27.
- Setting fly on a cylinder press, 274.
- off, how to prevent ink from, 279.
- tapes, process of, 274.
- up a Washington press, 250.
- up a roller-stand, 250, 251.
- Seventy-twos, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 197.
- Shades of ink, how to produce, 288.
- Sheets, counting out and putting away, 294.
- filling in and pressing, 296.
- how to take down from the poles, 296.
- names of, 149.
- Shooting-sticks, illustrated, 307.
- Short letters, 59.
- numbers of sheets, allowance for, 294.
- pages, how to back, 133.
- Side notes, how arranged, 131, 132.
- Signatures, table of, 216, 217.
- inventor of, 16.
- Signaturing, remarks concerning, 135.
- Signs, astronomical, 73, 74.
- Signs, commercial, 71.
- mathematical, 71, 73.
- medical, 74, 75.
- Silk tympan-covers, 254.
- Silvering solution, how to make, 316.
- Sitting at work improper, 127.
- Sixteens, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 174.
- sheet of, 175.
- Sixty-fours, scheme for imposing quarter-sheet of, 195.
- scheme for imposing quarter-sheet of, with two signatures, 194.
- quarter sheet of, mixed, 195.
- half-sheet of, 196.
- Slotted brass corners, illustrated, 44.
- Slovenly copy, censurable, 223.
- Slurring, how to prevent, 263, 278.
- Small capital letters, 58, 60, 61.
- Pica, specimen of, 54.
- Smith, George Frederick, founder in Philadelphia, 20.
- Matthew, press-maker, 239.
- Peter, inventor of a hand-press, 237.
- Sorts, upper and lower case, 59.
- Sounds of German letters, 94.
- Greek letters, 98.
- Hebrew letters, 104.
- Sower—see Saur.
- Samuel & Co., early American type-founders, 20.
- Space-rules, metal, 81.
- Spaces, described, 75.
- various sizes of, should be kept separate, 128.
- Spacing, remarks on, 130, 131.
- Speculum Humanæ Salvationis, the first printed book, 11.
- Spelling, rules for, 318-332.
- Spiegal enser Behoudenisse, one of the first printed books, 10.
- Spring bearers, 259.
- Springing, to prevent wood-cuts from, 280.
- Square cross, where used, 66.
- Standard for height of type, 57, 58.
- metal furniture, 77.
- Standing press, how to fill, 296, 297.
- improved, illustrated, 297.
- Stanhope, Earl, press invented by, 236.
- Star chamber, regulations of, concerning English founders, 18.
- St. Augustin, French and Dutch name for English type, 53.
- Stereotype plates, English imperfections of, 18.
- how to underlay, 272.
- block, illustrated, 44.
- Stereotyping, invention of, 24.
- mode of, 24-26, 46.
- mud process, 26.
- Stop cylinder press, illustrated, 238.
- well adapted for fine printing, 239.
- Stower, extract from, 205, 206.
- Superiors, 67.
- Super-royal paper, size of, 298.
- Syllables, abbreviated, 15.
- how to divide, 64, 65.
- Symbols, absurd, 74.
- Table of paper required for a book, 299.
- proof-marks, 212.
- signatures, 216, 217.
- Takes of copy should be small, 221.
- Taking copy in companionships, 228, 229.
- Taking down sheets when dry, 296.
- Tapes, how to set, 274.
- Technical terms explained, 338-343.
- names should be legibly written, 211.
- Tertia, German name of Great Primer, 53.
- Theinhardt, Ferdinand, Prussian type-founder, 84.
- Thirty-sixes, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 190.
- half-sheet of, without cutting, 190.
- the same, with two signatures, 191.
- Thirty-twos, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 186.
- sheet of, 187, 188.
- sheet of, with four signatures, 187, 188.
- half-sheet, two signatures, 189.
- half-sheet of, mixed, 189.
- Thomas, Isaiah, 14.
- Tilloch, Dr. Alexander, 24.
- Tinted paper, coloured ink on, 291.
- Tints, neutral, 291.
- Title-deeds, scheme for imposing, 150.
- Title-pages, hints for setting, 134.
- remarks on, 134.
- Token-sheet, purpose of, 256.
- Tokens explained, 294.
- Tools for wood engraving, 34.
- Trade-marks, how to secure patents, 335.
- Transposing pages, directions for, 207.
- pages in companionships, 232.
- Turkey boxwood, best for engraving, 34.
- Turning a heap, directions for, 261, 262.
- Turpentine, spirits of, best for cleansing wood-cuts, 283.
- Tweezers, illustrated, 210.
- Twenties, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, with two signatures, 181.
- sheet of, 182.
- Twenty-fours, scheme for imposing half-sheet of, 183.
- sheet of, 183, 184.
- half-sheet, the sixteens way, 184.
- half-sheet of, long, 185.
- half-sheet of, without cutting, 186.
- Two-line letters, how used, 76.
- Tying up pages, 142, 143.
- Tympan suitable for cylinder press, 265.
- Tympans, how to cover, 254.
- Type bodies, point system of, 55, 56.
- Type-casting machine, description of, 42.
- illustrated, 41.
- origin of, 22.
- Type-casting machine, perfected by David Bruce, Jr., 22, 23.
- Type-founding a distinct calling in the seventeenth century, 18.
- early, in New York, 19.
- early, in Philadelphia, 19.
- in America, 19.
- in Europe, 18.
- Type-foundries in the United States, 23.
- Type-foundry, first American, at Germantown, Pennsylvania, 19.
- walk over a, 39-48.
- Type, how to lay a fount of, 127.
- Type-measure, 227.
- Type-metal, 40.
- Type-revolving printing machine, Hoe’s, illustrated, 240.
- Types, bill of, 57.
- Black or Old English letter, 49, 51.
- directions for choosing, 50.
- fount of, 58.
- gradation of, 55.
- how to prevent them from adhering, 127.
- Italic, invention of, 50.
- names and sizes of, 52-54.
- prices of, since 1801, 25.
- process of manufacturing, 39-43.
- Roman, invention of, 49.
- specimens of, 53, 54.
- Typographic Advertiser, 20.
- Typographical errors, a blemish, 200.
- peculiarities, ancient, 17, 18.
- Underlaying old stereotype plates, 282.
- Underlays, when proper on cylinder presses, 270-272.
- Uniformity in colors, how to secure, 263.
- in spacing essential, 130.
- Universal press, illustrated, 248.
- Unlocking forms, precautions in, 208.
- Upper-case sorts, 59.
- Van der Mey’s method of stereotyping, 24.
- Variations from copy chargeable, 211.
- Varnish for printing ink, how to make, 314.
- the common menstruum for colours, 286.
- Varnish, prevents enamel from peeling, 284.
- Vignettes, how to prepare on the press, 281.
- Walter perfecting press, 244.
- Warehouse book, form of, 293.
- department, 293-298.
- Warehouseman, duties of, 293.
- Warping of a cut, how to cure, 282.
- how to prevent, 282.
- Washing forms, directions for, 264, 265.
- Washington press, how to set up, 250.
- invented by Samuel Rust, illustrated, 237.
- Waterproof paper, how to make, 317.
- Watts, John, 21.
- Web perfecting presses, 242-246.
- Wells’s job presses, 246.
- Wet paper, how to be protected overnight, 264.
- Wetting paper, directions for, 255-257.
- drawing and plate paper, 256.
- rules for giving out paper for, 294, 295.
- Wetting-trough, how to be made, 255.
- White, Elihu, type-founder in New York, 21, 22.
- White pages, how to be treated, 259.
- Wood-cuts, how to prepare on the press, 280-283.
- how to wash, 283.
- how to take proof of, 283.
- Wood engraving, tools for, 34.
- type, how to be cared for, 292.
- Woollen blankets, needless when new type is used, 257, 266.
- Words and phrases, foreign, 357-372.
- Working in pocket unsatisfactory, 227.
- Works, how to manage hurried, 226.
- Wrinkles in paper, how to remove, 263.
- Writing inks, coloured, how to make, 314.
- Yellow ink, how to produce, 287, 288.
- Zarotti, Antonio, the inventor of signatures, 16.
- Zell, Ulrich, printer of the Chronicle of Cologne, 9.
- Zodiacal signs, 73.