LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
| The Czarina of Russia | Frontispiece |
| FACING PAGE | |
|---|---|
| Ancient Chinese crown with pearls. Ancient Chinese pearl rosary. Chinese priests keeping guard over the tombs of the kings, in Mukden, where the crowns are preserved | 4 |
| Grecian pearl and gold necklace | 8 |
| Front cover of Ashburnham manuscript of the Four Gospels | 16 |
| Francis I, King of France, 1494–1547. Isabelle de Valois | 19 |
| (From photographs by A. Giraudon) | |
| Maria Theresa (1717–1780), Queen of Hungary | 24 |
| Facsimile of title-page of decrees of Venetian Senate regulating the wearing of pearls | 27 |
| Lady Abinger. Mrs. Adair. Baroness de Forest. Hon. Mrs. Renard Gréville. Marchioness of Lansdowne. Lady Londonderry. Lady Wimborne | 30 |
| (From photographs, copyright by Lafayette, Ltd., London) | |
| Venezuela shell. Panama shell | 36 |
| Shells from Venezuela with attached pearls. Exterior view of same. X-ray photograph of shell, printed through exterior of shell and showing encysted pearls | 39 |
| Mexican pearl-oyster with adherent pearl. Group of encysted pearls in shell of Australian pearl-oyster. Mexican pearl-oyster with encysted fish. Group of encysted pearls (oriental). Reverse of same group, showing outline of the individual pearls | 42 |
| Cross section of an irregular pearl, magnified 80 diameters. Cross sections of pearls, magnified 30 diameters. Thin section of mother-of-pearl, magnified, showing sponge borings which traversed the pearl shell. Structure of conch pearl produced by fracturing, magnified 80 diameters | 53 |
| Pearls from common clam of eastern coast of America. Pearl “nuggets” from the Mississippi Valley. Wing pearls from the Mississippi Valley. Dog-tooth pearls from the Mississippi Valley | 55 |
| Actual sizes of pearls from ⅛ grain to 160 grains | 57 |
| Brooches made of petal, dog-tooth, and wing pearls | 58 |
| Gray pearls in the possession of an American lady and brooch from Tiffany & Co.’s exhibit, Paris Exposition, 1900 | 60 |
| Shell of pearl-oyster with attached pearl | 68 |
| Pinna or wing shell. Pearl-oyster of Ceylon | 72 |
| Shell and pearls of the common conch | 76 |
| Cargo boat in pearl fishery of the Persian Gulf. Huts of mats and palm leaves, the homes of the pearl fishermen at Menamah, Bahrein Islands, Persian Gulf | 87 |
| Agha Mohammed (1666–1725). Shah Sulaiman (1647–1694) | 88 |
| Arab pearl-divers at work in the Persian Gulf | 90 |
| His Imperial Majesty, Mohammed Ali, Shah of Persia | 94 |
| The “Prince of Pearls”; the late Rana of Dholpur in his pearl regalia | 101 |
| The late Maharajah of Patiala | 108 |
| Facsimiles of notices of pearl-fishing at Marichchikadde, in English and Cingalese | 110–111 |
| Unloading oysters from the vessels into the kottus at Marichchikadde, Ceylon. The pearling fleet on the shore at Marichchikadde, Ceylon. Hindu workmen preparing to drill pearls, Marichchikadde, Ceylon | 115 |
| Indian pearl merchants ready for business. Children of Persian pearl dealers | 120 |
| Street scene in Marichchikadde, the pearling camp of Ceylon. Return of the fleet from the pearl reefs to Marichchikadde, Ceylon | 126 |
| Pearls presented by the Imam of Muscat to President Van Buren | 131 |
| Necklace and earrings from the treasury of the Emir of Bohkara | 136 |
| Carved “Jerusalem Shell” from the Red Sea | 142 |
| Cap of State, from looting of summer palace, Pekin, in 1860 | 145 |
| Fishing for the awabi (abalone) shells at Wada-no-hara, Japan | 148 |
| (From “The Burlington Art Magazine”) | |
| Old print showing four methods of catching pearl-bearing mollusks | 160 |
| Madame Norischkine née Straudman. Duchesse Elizabeth (Constantin). (From a photograph by Ch. Bergamasco, St. Petersburg) (From a photograph by A. Pasetti, St. Petersburg) Daughter of General Sobelieff, first Countess Beauharnais |
163 |
| Scotch pearl rivers | 167 |
| Great Cameo Pearl | 170 |
| Dowager Czarina of Russia. Grand Duchess Vladimir. (From a photograph by Ch. Bergamasco, St. Petersburg) Grand Duchess Marie Pavlovna |
174 |
| Miter of Patriarch Nikon | 176 |
| Panagia or ornament worn on the breast of a bishop in Russia | 180 |
| Russian Boyard ladies of the seventeenth century, showing caps and other ornaments of pearls | 184 |
| Pearl-divers of the Tuamotu Archipelago. Settlement of pearl fishermen at Hiqueru, Tuamotu Archipelago | 197 |
| Pearling boats at Hiqueru, Tuamotu Archipelago. Australian pearl-diver (armored) coming up from the depths | 204 |
| Opening pearl-oysters and searching for pearls, off the coast of Australia. Grading, weighing, and packing mother-of-pearl, off the coast of Australia | 213 |
| Moro boats, used among the pearl islands of the Malay Archipelago. Raft used for pearl-fishing in the Malay Archipelago | 216 |
| Pearling village, with youthful fishermen, Sulu Islands. Japanese diver in Dutch East Indies, come up to “blow” for a few minutes | 220 |
| Gray pearls from Lower California, and diamonds | 228 |
| Clara Eugenia, daughter of Philip II | 237 |
| The Adams gold vase | 248 |
| Negro pearling camp, on bank of an Arkansas river. Group of Arkansas pearl fishermen | 254 |
| Brooch, Renaissance style, set with baroque pearls, from American streams | 259 |
| Brooches and rings of fresh-water pearls from Wisconsin and Tennessee | 262 |
| Pearl-bearing unios | 266 |
| Pearling scene on White River, Arkansas. Pearling camp on upper Mississippi River | 270 |
| The evolution of buttons, made from Mississippi shells | 275 |
| Necklace of fresh-water pearls | 276 |
| Shell of pearl-bearing abalone | 280 |
| Shell of Dipsas plicatus, with attached metal figures of Buddha coated with nacre. Shell of Dipsas plicatus, with attached porcelain beads coated with nacre | 286 |
| Artificial rearing-ponds for the development of pearl-oysters on the Island of Espiritŭ Santo, Gulf of California. Trays containing small pearl-oysters prepared for placing at the bottom of artificial rearing-ponds | 291 |
| Japanese legend of the dragon and the pearl, idealized in Jade | 302 |
| Russian eikon of the Madonna | 312 |
| Pectoral cross of Constantine IX, Monomachus (1000–1054 A.D.) | 321 |
| Great pearl necklace of the French crown jewels | 332 |
| The Siamese Prince in full regalia | 336 |
| Half-pearls: lots of three different sizes. Brooch of half-pearls and onyx, United States, 1860 | 343 |
| Pearl nose rings, Baroda, India. East Indian earring of strings of pearls and table diamonds. Grape pendants. Oriental pearls | 345 |
| Necklace containing 126,000 seed-pearls, Louis XVI period | 346 |
| Seed-pearls and gold; Chinese ornaments of the nineteenth century. Complete set of seed-pearl jewelry in original case | 357 |
| Persian princess and ladies in waiting | 364 |
| Facsimiles of the title-page and last leaf of an enactment abolishing duty on pearls, English Parliament, 1732 | 368 |
| Pearl drilling | 376 |
| Pearl stringing | 383 |
| Necklace of seed-pearls, United States, Civil War period | 389 |
| Mother-of-pearl shell from Tahiti | 390 |
| Ladies’ sewing case and scissors inlaid with half-pearls; watches incrusted with half-pearls; snuff-box, ivory inlaid with fresh-water pearls; miniature surrounded by half-pearls | 395 |
| Evolution of a seed-pearl brooch. Seed-pearls, Indian strings. White horsehair for stringing | 396 |
| Facsimile of letter of M. Gaston Mogeaud, Director of the Louvre | 398 |
| Madame Thiers’s pearl necklace, bequeathed to the Louvre Museum, Paris | 398 |
| (From a photograph by A. Giraudon) | |
| Antique ornaments of pearls | 404 |
| Tyszkiewizc bronze statuette of Aphrodite | 407 |
| Pearl earrings from Herculaneum and Pompeii | 408 |
| Antique pearl ornaments | 410 |
| East Indian necklace of pearls, table diamonds, glass beads, gold and enamel | 413 |
| Crown of Reccesvinthus and other Gothic crowns of the seventh century | 416 |
| (From a photograph by A. Giraudon) | |
| Her Majesty, Queen Alexandra of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India | 418 |
| (From a photograph by W. & D. Downey, London) | |
| Crown of St. Edward | 424 |
| (From “The English Regalia,” published by Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Company, Ltd., London) | |
| The Empress Dowager of China | 431 |
| Pearl ornaments of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries | 434 |
| Margherita, Dowager Queen of Italy | 439 |
| Collection of black pearls belonging to an American lady | 440 |
| Señora Carmen Romero Rubio de Diaz, wife of President Porfirio Diaz of Mexico | 442 |
| (From a photograph by Valleto & Co., Mexico) | |
| Jade jar inlaid with pearls set with fine gold. Japanese decoration set with pearls | 444 |
| Gaikwar of Baroda, 1908 | 450 |
| Mary, Queen of Scots | 453 |
| (From “Portraits and Jewels of Mary Stuart,” published by James MacLehose and Sons, Glasgow) | |
| Queen Elizabeth of England. Elizabeth of France | 456 |
| Pearl carpet or shawl of the Gaikwar of Baroda | 460 |
| The Hope pearl. Weighs 1800 grains | 463 |
| Her Grace, the Duchess of Marlborough | 465 |
| (From a photograph by Lafayette, Ltd., London) | |
| The Madame Nordica collection of colored pearls | 468 |
| Grand pearl diadem of the French crown jewels | 471 |
| The Imperial Austrian crown | 472 |
| The Great Sévigné of the French crown jewels | 474 |
| Madame Nordica | 476 |
| Mrs. George J. Gould | 480 |
| Fresh-water pearls from Hopewell group of mounds, Ross County, Ohio | 499 |
| Fresh-water pearls from Hopewell group of mounds, Ross County, Ohio | 510 |