INDEX
INDEX
- Abalone pearls, 55, 78, 148, 280, 291, 351, 414
- Abbas the Great, 455
- Abdul-Aziz, 421
- Aberdeenshire, Scotland, 164, 166
- Aboriginal use of pearls, 485–513
- Abortive ova theory, 42
- Abraham and Sarah, 7
- Accidents to divers, 117, 138, 144, 197, 203, 208, 247, 249
- Acid stains, 376
- Acosta, José de, 232
- Aden, Arabia, 37, 142
- Aden, Gulf of, 80, 140
- Adirondack, New York, 266
- Adour River, France, 171
- Adrian, Pope, 313
- Africa, 65, 140, 153–156
- Age of mollusks, 74, 108, 171
- Ago Bay, Japan, 292
- Aitken, E. H., 133
- Alabama, 492, 493
- Alasmodon arcuata, 73
- margaritifera, 281
- Albertus Magnus, 311
- Alexander the Great, 319
- Alexander VI, 24
- Alexander Severus, 10
- Alexandra, Queen, 165, 418
- (plate), 438
- Alexandria, 320
- Alexandria shell, 69
- Alfonso X, 311
- Alfred the Great, 414
- Algonquin Indians, 486
- America, 225–282, 294
- America, Prehistoric, 23, 485–512
- American Museum of Natural History, 266, 467
- Amsterdam, Diamond Merchants of, 325
- Anania of Shiraz, 329
- Ancients, Pearls among the, 3–12
- Anglesey, Marquis of, 479
- Angoulème, Duchess of, 170
- Anhalt Dessau, Duchess of, 476
- Anjou, Duke of, 425
- Annan River, Scotland, 164
- Anne de Bretagne, 436
- Anne de France, Duchess, 435
- Anodonta cygnea, 42, 168
- Antwerp, Chamber of Commerce of, 327
- Apparatus of capture, 166, 181, 268–270.
- See Dredges, Scaphanders.
- Apple River, Wisconsin, 262
- Aqualia jewels, 479
- Aqua perlata, 311
- Archangel, Russia, 181, 184
- Areca-nut, 310
- Arethusa necklace, 405
- Aristotle, 95
- Arizona, 510
- Arkansas, 259, 263, 264, 270, 276, 361
- Arkansas River, 263, 264
- Arlington, Tenn., 263
- Arnobio, Cleandro, 344
- Arnold, Sir Edwin, 41, 85
- Arthurian legends, 304
- Artificial pearls, 41, 285–293
- Aru Islands, 206, 220
- Ashburnham missal, 17
- Assyria, Pearls in, 6, 404
- Atax ypsilophorus, 43
- Atharvaveda, 4, 301
- Athens National Museum, 405
- Atwater, Caleb, 500
- Auction of oysters, 120
- Auction of pearls, 470–472, 477–481
- Augsburg, Germany, 320
- Australia, 30, 58, 65, 68, 199–212, 291, 294, 466
- Austria, Fisheries of, 178–179
- Austrian Schatzkammer, 472–474
- Awabi. See Abalone.
- Aztecs, Pearls among the, 23
- Bacon, Francis, 313
- Baden, Germany, 177
- Baegert, Jacob, 244
- Bagdad, 88, 98, 335, 411
- Bagge, J. P., 287
- Bahama Islands, 278
- Bahrein Islands, 85, 88–90
- Balapur, India, 133
- Baldknob, Arkansas, 276
- Banda, 221
- Banks, Edgar J., 5
- Bann River, Ireland, 165
- Bantam Lake, Conn., 266
- Bapst pearls, 465
- Barbot, Charles, 337, 390
- Baroda, Gaikwar of, 460
- Baroque pearls, 30, 31, 59, 265, 272, 353, 359, 464, 475, 476
- Baroque pearls, Values of, 337, 340, 343, 355
- Barthema, Lodovico, 86
- Base value for pearls, 330–333
- Basilica of St. Mark, 17, 59
- Bassein Coast, India, 139
- Bath, Marquis of, 355
- Batthyani, Count Louis, 467
- —— Countess Louis, 434
- Bavaria, 171–173, 294
- Bazaruto Islands, 153, 156
- Beads, 403, 497, 498, 508
- Beckmann, Johann, 287
- Bede, 160
- Bell, Robert N., 492
- Benjamin of Tudela, 37, 86
- Benzoni, Girolamo, 231
- Berri, Duc de, 426
- Beuth-Schinkel Museum, Charlottenburg, 421
- Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, 407, 425, 428, 436
- Biedma, Louis Hernandez de, 253, 257
- Bird’s-eye pearls, 56, 353
- Birdwood, Sir George, 319
- Birmingham, Jewelers’ and Goldsmiths’ Association of, 327
- Blackmore, H. P., 490
- Blackmore Museum, 490, 500
- Black pearls, 29, 60, 241, 349, 355, 376, 467, 476
- Black River, Arkansas, 264, 273
- Black Rock, Arkansas, 264, 276
- Bleaching pearls, 377, 396
- Blister pearls, 58, 353
- Blue-point shell, 72
- Boats, 91, 112, 136, 141, 166, 205, 218, 234
- Bober River, Germany, 175
- Bohemia, Austria, 178
- Bohemian pearls, 433, 434
- Bolchow, H. W. F., 478
- Bolivia, 511
- Bologna treatise of, 1791, 331, 338, 342, 343
- Bombay, 88, 89, 98, 156, 347, 354, 357
- Bombay Presidency, 132
- Bombay shell, 69, 143
- Boncza, Mlle. Wanda de, 479
- Boot, Anselmus de, 40, 311, 331, 338, 343, 382, 455
- Bordeaux, Austin de, 459
- Borneo, 221, 297
- Boston Museum of Fine Arts, 11, 12, 307
- Bouchon-Brandely, G., 193, 195, 290
- Bourbon, Duchess of, 348
- Bouton, Louis, 291
- Bouton pearls, 56, 57, 352.
- See Button pearls
- Bracelets, 474
- Brazil, 282
- Breeding pearls, 296–298
- Bremond, Gabriele, 411
- Brhatsamhita of Varâhamihira, 334
- Bridal presents, Pearls as, 170
- Brinton, D. G., 494
- Bristow, Samuel G., 494
- British Honduras, 511
- British Isles, 11, 159–168
- British Museum, 11, 20, 67, 405, 414, 510
- Brooch, 471
- Broome, Australia, 205
- Brown, Barnum, 511
- Browning, Robert, 303
- Bruce, Robert, 418
- Brunswick, Duke of, 349, 399
- Brydges, Sir Harford Jones, 459
- Bubics, Bishop, 481
- Buckhorn shell, 73
- Buckingham, Duke of, 24
- Buckland, F. T., 165
- Budapest National Museum, 435
- Buddha images, 288–289
- Buddhabhaṭṭa, 310, 335, 378
- Budé, Guillaume, 348
- Bulawayo, South Africa, 513
- Bullhead shell, 73
- Bunyan, John, 79
- Burgundy family, 21, 431
- Burkill, F. H., 136
- Burma, 135
- Bushell, Stephen W., 413
- Bushnell, David I., 509
- Butterfly shell, 73
- Button manufacture, 72, 264, 269, 271
- Button pearls, 352, 360, 470
- Buttons, Link, 443
- Buying pearls, 369
- Byron, Lord, 403
- Byssus, 66, 76
- Byzantine coins, 15
- Byzantium, 320
- Cæsar, Julius, 10, 11, 159, 329, 449
- Cæsarea, Syria, 406
- Calcutta, 357
- California, 280, 281
- California, Gulf of, 69, 241–251, 294
- Caligula, 9
- Caliph Al-Mamun, 411
- Cambridge, Mass., 490
- Camden, William, 37, 160
- Canada, 281
- Candarin, weight, 322
- Caniapuscaw, Canada, 281
- Carat, 321–329, 331, 333
- Carborel, José, 242
- Care of pearls, 394–395
- Caribbean Sea, 225
- Carl, Miss, 513
- Carlotta, Empress of Mexico, 397, 476
- Caroline Augusta, Empress, 474
- Caroline, Queen, 29
- Carpets embroidered with pearls, 411
- Carthage, Tenn., 263, 276
- Carupano, Venezuela, 234
- Cassis madagascarensis, 351, 354
- Castellani, Alexandro, 185
- Castellani, Augusto, 468
- Catharine de’ Medici, 24, 435, 453
- Catharine of Russia, 184
- Cavvadias, M. P., 405
- Ceram, 221
- Ceylon, 4, 29, 31, 45, 60, 81, 87, 99–128, 293, 343–347, 383
- Ceylon Company of Pearl Fishers, 110, 125, 127
- Chank, 78
- Chardin, Jean, 94
- Charente River, France, 171
- Charlemagne, 16, 472, 475
- Charles I of England, 431, 456
- Charles II of Spain, 452
- Charles IV, Crown of, 416
- Charles V, Buckle of, 24
- Charles VI of France, 313
- Charles the Bold, 21
- Charles the Bold’s jewel, 450
- Charlotte, Queen, 29
- Chauveton, Urbain, 38, 232
- Che-kiang, China, 288
- Chesapeake Bay, 267
- Chicago, Ill., 275, 499, 500
- Chicot, 58, 353
- Chillicothe, Ohio, 491, 500, 506
- China, 4, 5, 19, 145–146, 285, 288, 302, 413
- Chinese pearl ornaments, 413
- Christ, 7, 304
- Christie’s Auction House, 477–481
- Chung-kwan-o, China, 290
- Church of the Holy Sepulchre, 468
- Clam pearl. See Venus, 351, 486
- Cleaning pearls, 375, 377, 378, 396
- “Cleanness,” the poem, 21
- Cleopatra, 10, 55, 314, 315, 407, 449
- Clinch River, Tenn., 263
- Clinton, Tenn., 263, 276
- Clodius, 315
- Coche Island, Venezuela, 231, 233
- Cockburn, Lady Augusta Anne, 479
- Cocoanut pearls, 78, 351
- Cofaciqui, 253, 254, 257, 267
- Coins, ancient, 404, 450
- Collar, Pearl, 444
- Colombia, 233, 239, 282
- Colombo, 357
- Color of pearls, 60, 61, 97, 124, 166, 184, 221, 241, 261, 267, 273, 321, 351, 354, 359, 362, 467
- Colorado River, 261
- Columbus, Christopher, 23, 225, 226, 228, 321
- Columbus, Diego, 229
- Columbus, Ohio, 500
- Commerce in pearls, 319–321
- Commission des Instruments et Travaux, 326
- Comparette, F. Louis, 408
- Compiègne, France, 431
- Composition of pearls, 52, 314
- Comyn, Tomas de, 213
- Conch pearls, 55, 77, 278, 279, 351, 361, 464
- Conchiolin, 44, 51, 61
- Cone-shaped pearls, 352
- Congaree River, 492
- Connecticut, 266
- Connemara, Ireland, 165
- Constantinople, 15, 320
- Conway River, Wales, 37, 160, 161, 168
- Copenhagen, 476
- Coque de perle, 59, 351
- Coral, 412
- Cordiner, James, 104, 116, 382
- Cordoba, Maria Fernandez de, 433
- Coronation orb, English, 418
- Cortés, Hernando, 241
- Corvinus, Cross of, 423
- Cossack, Australia, 205, 466
- Costa Rica, 239, 282
- Coxe, Daniel, 258, 263
- Cracks in pearls, 271, 321, 381
- Crawfurd, John, 213
- Cresson, H. T., 501
- Crosses of pearls, 444
- Crowfoot drag, 269
- Crowns, 15, 24, 414–420, 455, 472–475
- Crown jewels of France, 56, 461, 468–472
- Crusades, 19, 320
- Crystalline pearls, 54, 55, 351
- Cubagua Island, Venezuela, 228, 229, 231, 233
- Culin, Stewart, 414
- Cultching, 294
- Culture pearls, 41, 75, 148, 288–293
- Cumana, Venezuela, 228, 233, 234
- Cumberland River, 263, 494
- Cupid and Psyche, 307
- Curtis, William E., 282
- Cuzco, Cathedral of, 432
- Cylindrical pearls, 56, 353
- Czarina of Russia, Frontispiece
- Czarina of Russia, Daughters of the, 442
- Dahlak Islands, 142
- Danube River, 18, 171, 177, 179
- Dark Ages, 17, 21, 320, 421
- Davenport, Charles B., 292
- Davis, Edwin H., 485, 489, 498
- Death of pearls, 397, 399
- Debenham & Storr, 481
- Dee River, Scotland, 164
- Denmark, 179, 512
- Dennis, James T., 6
- Dennys, N. B., 297
- Denton, Sherman F., 266
- Depletion of pearl beds, 31, 106, 132, 148, 164, 169, 175, 180, 206, 233, 261, 277, 294
- Dew-drop origin of pearls, 36–39, 60
- Diamonds, 21, 28, 29, 30, 79, 259, 321, 330, 334, 369, 371, 392, 403, 412, 439, 442
- Diane de Poitiers, 436
- Diaz, Carmen Romero Rubio de, 441
- Diederichsen, 476
- Diemerbroeck, 94
- Dieseldorf, E. P., 511
- Dieulafait, Louis, 337
- Dinglinger, J. M., 475
- Dipsas plicatus, 75, 146, 288
- Distomum duplicatum, 42
- Divers, Characteristics of, 91, 93, 113, 131, 134, 137, 143, 149, 194, 207, 217, 238, 246
- Diving-bell, 239, 245, 247
- Diving, Limit of, 93, 94–96, 195, 208, 219, 249
- Diving, Method of, 92, 114, 128, 132, 138, 142, 146, 194, 201–203, 207, 219, 230, 236, 246, 249
- Diving-stones, 92
- Dixon washing machine, 123, 125
- Dog-tooth pearls, 352, 360
- Donnan, James, 93
- Don River, Scotland, 163, 164
- Doon River, Scotland, 163, 164
- Double pearls, 57, 353
- Dragon and pearl, 302
- Dragsen, Alfred, 476
- Dredging for pearl-oysters, 115, 146, 218, 231, 234
- Dreher, Julius D., 196
- Dresden, Germany, 475
- Drilling pearls, 378–385, 477, 492, 496
- Drinking dissolved pearls, 314
- Drop-shaped pearls, 352
- Druggists’ pearls, 75
- Dublin Museum, 424, 425
- Dubois, Raphael, 43, 44, 55, 71
- Dubosq, Augustus, 390
- Dubosq, Henry, 390
- Dubuque, Iowa, 510
- Dudley, Lady, 479
- Durand, L. E., 88
- Dust-pearls, 56, 352, 445
- Durability of pearls, 395–398
- Dutch Indies, 202, 220
- Dyeing pearls, 377
- Earn River, Scotland, 164
- Ear-piercing, 407
- Earrings, 403, 404, 407–410, 444
- East Africa, Fisheries of, 153–156
- East African Pearl Company, 154
- East Indian pearl jewelry, 412
- Ebert, Frank M., 267
- Ecclesiastical ornaments, 16, 17, 160, 421–424, 444
- Echternacher Codex, 421
- Ecuador, 282
- Edgcumbe, Sir Robert, 153, 155
- Edibility of pearl mollusks, 66, 171, 210, 250, 280, 494
- Edward VI of England, 455
- Edward VII of England, 438
- Edward, the Black Prince, 417
- Effigy mound, 502, 504, 505
- Egbert, Archbishop of Treves, 421
- Egg-shaped pearls, 56, 240, 352, 470
- Egypt, Pearls in ancient, 6, 403 403–404
- Eldorado explorers, 252
- Elgin, Lord, 126
- Eligius or St. Eloi, 16
- Elizabeth of England, 24, 453, 454
- Elizabeth of Russia, 182, 183
- El Katif, 457
- Elster River, Saxony, 173
- Emanuel, Harry, 337, 340
- Embedded pearls, 57, 353, 376
- Emeralds, 330, 372, 412, 439
- Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 145
- Empress Dowager of China, 431 (plate)
- Enriching a drink with pearls, 314
- Entrecolles, F. X. de, 285, 286
- Eo, Wilhelmus, 348
- Espiritŭ Santo Island, Mexico, 248, 293
- Esterházy, Count Maurice, 434
- Esterházy, Prince Nicholas, 434, 481
- Esthonia, Russia, 182, 183
- Etowah River, Georgia, 267
- Eugénie, Empress, 30, 164, 260, 307, 355, 395, 471
- Europe, Fisheries of, 168–185
- European pearl-bearing mollusks, 75, 160, 164, 170, 184
- Fabricius, Dionysius, 182
- Fake pearls, 361
- Falco, Alphonse, 468
- Farsan Islands, Red Sea, 142
- Fashion for pearls, 21, 30, 31, 329, 354, 439, 440
- Ferbecq, 475
- Ferguson, A. M., 117
- Ferranz, Ivens, 153
- Fertility of pearl mollusks, 67, 74
- Feuchtwanger, Lewis, 336
- Fever, Pearl hunting, 276
- Fewkes, J. Walter, 510
- Field Museum of Natural History, 499, 501, 503
- Filippi, Filippo de, 42
- Findhorn River, Scotland, 164
- Finland, Russia, 182, 183, 290
- Finot, Louis, 334
- Fishermen, Characteristics of, 91, 268, 275.
- See Divers.
- Fishermen, Total number of, 80
- Fishing boats, 112, 113, 136, 141
- Flavor of pearls, 313, 315
- Flint River, Georgia, 268
- Florence, Italy, 24, 407
- Florida, 257, 262, 268, 278, 493
- Foix, Françoise de, 436
- Fontaneda, Hernando, 256, 257
- Forms of pearls, 55–60, 351–354
- France, 17, 169–171
- Francis I of France, 468
- Frederick, Cæsar, 101
- Frederick III of Germany, 438
- French crown jewels, 56, 461, 468–472
- Fresh-water pearls, 16, 18, 30, 72–75, 146, 159–185, 252–282, 351, 359
- Froehner, 12
- Fugger, J. J., 450
- Fukura, Japan, 293
- Funeral rites, use of pearls, 133
- Gabrielle d’Estrées, 436
- Gambier Islands, 190, 192
- Gann, Thomas, 511
- Garde-Meuble, Paris, 461
- Garner, Robert, 43
- Garrard & Co., 464
- Gemelli-Careri, 238
- Gemmen Münzen Cabinet, 12
- General Pearl and Coral-Fishing Association of London, 245
- Genoa, Italy, 24, 320
- Gentleman of Elvas, 253
- Georgia, 267, 492, 495
- German East Africa, 154
- German Federation of Jewelers, 326
- German ornaments, Antique, 421–422
- Germany, 171–178, 294
- Giant clam, 53, 76, 144, 296
- Giard, Alfred, 43
- Gieger, Malachias, 312
- Gillman, H. W., 346
- Gimma, Giacinto, 213
- Gironde River, 171
- Glyptothek, Munich, 407
- Godron, D. A., 169
- Goethe, 305
- Gogibus pearl, 350, 461
- Gollancz, 20
- Gomara, Francisco Lopez de, 226, 235, 451, 455
- Gonzalez, President, 247
- Goode, John Mason, 94
- Gordon-Lennox, Lady Henry, 481
- Gould, Mrs. George J., 480 (plate)
- Grain, Pearl, 322–327, 330–334
- Gran, Cathedral of, 422
- Grass River, N. Y., 266
- Graves, Aboriginal, 253, 485–512
- Great pearls of history, 481, 482
- Greece, 8, 11, 307, 405, 409
- Greene, Robert, 253
- Greenland, 179
- Gresham, Sir Thomas, 314, 454
- Grimshaw, Beatrice, 197
- Grüne Gewölbe, 59, 175, 475
- Guadeloupe, Church of, 452
- Guatemala, 511
- Guidius, Joannes, 28
- Guillaume, M., 325
- Hafiz, 47
- Hale, Edward E., 241
- Half-pearl making, 392, 394
- Half-pearls, 354, 364, 444
- Half-pearls, values, 340–341
- Haliotidæ, 78
- Haliotis gigantea, 148
- Hammer pearls, 353
- Hampton Court, 22
- Hanover, Germany, 176
- Hapsburg family, 23
- Hardy, R. W. H., 245
- Hariot, Thomas, 257, 488
- Harley, Geo., 54, 396
- Harness, John M., 506
- Harness mound, 491, 496, 500, 506–509
- Harpeth River, Tenn., 494
- Harris, Israel H., 261
- Haupt, Paul, 6
- Hawkins, Sir Richard, 38
- Haystack pearls, 56, 353, 360
- Healing qualities of pearls, 314
- Hebrew literature, 6, 7
- Hedenberg, Frederick, 290
- Heikow, Lake of, Manchuria, 147
- Heirlooms, 434, 477, 479
- Hennepin, Father Louis, 495
- Henry V, 417, 454
- Henry VIII, 22, 431, 451
- Heraldic significance, 437
- Herculaneum, pearls from, 409
- Herdman, W. A., 45, 46, 155, 287, 290
- Hermitage, St. Petersburg, 11, 410, 415
- Herrick, Robert, 285
- Herrmann, Richard, 509
- Hesse, 177
- Hessling, Theodore von, 52, 172, 176, 181
- Hiller, Henry W., 462
- Hindus, 4, 301, 307, 309, 347, 350, 382
- Hinge pearls, 59, 352
- Hispano-American Museum, 432
- Holbein, Hans, 22
- Holberg, 179
- Holland, Philemon, 314
- Holy Roman Empire, 472, 475
- Home, Sir Everard, 42
- Homer, 8
- Hope pearls, 59, 463–464
- Hope, Henry Philip, 463
- Hopewell mounds, 490, 500–505
- Hopewell, M. C., 501
- Hornell, James, 45, 117, 127
- Horsehair threads, 391
- Hôtel de Tiraz, Palermo, 475
- Hôtel Drouot, 477–479
- Howe, Sir Everhard, 42
- Howell, David, 259, 260
- Howie, W. Forbes, 425
- Humbert, Mme., 478
- Humboldt, Alexander von, 23, 233
- Hungary, Pearls in, 179, 422, 423, 434, 481
- Hunt & Roskell, 465
- Hunyadi, Count Joseph, 434
- Hussock, Eugene, 282
- Iberville, Pierre, 258
- Ibn Batuta, 86, 94
- Ibo Archipelago, 153, 155
- Iciaha, 255, 259
- Idaho, 492
- Idar, Germany, 392
- Ille River, 170
- Illinois, 270, 274, 276, 509
- Illinois River, 264
- Ilz River, Bavaria, 172
- Imam of Muscat, 457, 464
- Imitation pearls, 29, 61, 279, 286, 361, 376, 382, 403, 445, 490, 497
- India, 3, 18, 128–133, 293, 309, 343–347, 354, 385
- Indiana, 276
- Indications of pearls, 71, 74, 165
- Ingram, David, 256
- Inspection of reefs, 108, 130, 155, 174
- International Committee of Weights and Measures, 326
- Inventories of jewels, 425–431, 469, 470, 472
- Investments in pearls, 456
- Iowa, 276, 291
- Ireland, 17, 162, 165
- Irregular pearls, Value of, 342
- Isabella, Clara Eugenia, 436
- Isabella, Queen, 453
- Isar River, Bavaria, 172
- Isidorus of Charace, 85
- Isla River, 163, 164
- Jackson, A. V. Williams, 3, 5
- Jackson, Lowis d’A., 323, 347
- Jade, 412
- Jahn, J. G., 173
- Jameson, H. L., 43, 44, 67
- Japan, 70, 147, 292, 296, 302, 309
- Japanese divers, 137, 207, 208
- Jeffries, David, 331, 338
- Jesuits, 242, 244, 251, 258
- Jiddah, Arabia, 140, 142
- Jolo, Philippine Islands, 218
- Jones, Charles C., 485, 493, 495
- Jones, F. Alfred, 431
- Jones, Joseph, 493, 497
- Jones, William S., 493
- Jordanus, Friar, 100
- Joseph, Archduke, 434
- Josephine, Empress, 170
- Jouchanan ibn Massouiah, 95
- Juan, Griego, Venezuela, 234
- Julia, daughter of Titus, 407
- Juppel River, Prussia, 176
- Justinian the Great, 450
- Kaempfer, Engelbert, 147, 296
- Kalidasa, 4
- Karachi, India, 133
- Károly, Countess Alois, 434
- Kawall, H., 182
- Kelaart, E. F., 43, 127
- Kelly, James W. S., 466
- Kentucky, 262
- Khayat, Azeez, 406
- Khusrau crown, 411, 414
- Kimmerly, 297
- King of the Mound-Builders, 504
- Knolles, Richard, 455
- Kohl, Johann Georg, 184, 463
- Koran, 7
- Kosseir, Arabia, 142
- Kremlin, Moscow, 417, 424
- Krishna, 4, 306
- Küchenmeister, F., 43
- Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin, 421, 422
- Kunz, George F., 328, 527, 528
- Labrador, 281
- La Bruyère, Jean de, 169
- La Crosse, Wisconsin, 295
- Laminæ of pearls, 53, 54
- Lamnitz River, Bavaria, 171
- Lampsilis, 73
- alatus, 73
- La Paz, Mexico, 245, 248, 251
- La Pellegrina, 461–463
- La Peregrina, 452, 462
- Laplanders, 184
- La Régente, 56, 461, 471
- La Reine des Perles, 461, 469
- La Salle, Robert, 505
- Lea, Isaac, 290
- Lead poisoning, 394
- Learning, E. B., 438
- Lease of pearl beds, 125–127, 135, 246, 247
- Leavenworth, Indiana, 276
- Le Bec, Henry, 94, 104
- Lefevre and Curtis, 295
- Lehigh River, Penn., 259
- Leiner, Otto, 512
- Levin and Melville, Earl of, 453
- Lewis-Hill, Mrs., 480
- License to fishermen, 204, 217, 233, 240, 282
- Lima, Cathedral of, 432
- Lingah shell, 68, 98, 99, 141
- Linnæus, 41, 181, 286, 288
- Linnean Society of London, 286
- Linschoten, J. H. van, 86, 101
- Lister and Mandel, Norway, 180
- Lister, Martin, 170
- Litchfield County, Conn., 266
- Little Miami River, Ohio, 261, 262
- Livonia, Russia, 182
- Lobkowitz, Count Moritz, 433
- Loch Dochert, Scotland, 163
- Lollia Paulina, 406
- London, 358, 477
- London Society of Arts, 288
- Longevity of pearls, 79, 473, 478
- Loreto, Mexico, 245, 251
- Lorraine, Dukes of, 428, 429
- Lorraine, Germany, 169, 170
- Louvre Museum, Paris, 5, 11, 59, 398, 403–405, 408, 430, 437, 454, 465
- Love for pearls, 7, 9, 184, 304, 347, 463, 510
- Lovell, Robert, 312
- Lower California, 241, 247
- Lower California Pearl Fishing Company, 247
- Lüneburg, Germany, 176
- Luster of pearls, 51, 52, 78, 293
- Lyell, Sir Charles, 511
- Maabar, King of, 412
- Macassar, 70, 221
- McEvers mound, 509
- Macgowan, D. T., 288
- MacGregor, David, 165
- McGregor, Iowa, 272, 276
- Madras, 129–130, 354, 357
- Mahavansa, 4
- Maine, 265
- Malabar fisheries, 132
- Malay Archipelago, 30, 67, 70, 201, 212–221, 296
- Malcolm, Sir John, 89
- Manama, Persian Gulf, 90
- Manar, Gulf of, 65, 67, 99–131
- Manchuria, 146, 147
- Manila, 70, 221
- Mani-Málá, 310
- Manlius, 9
- Mannheim Natural History Society, 177
- Manta, Ecuador, 282
- Maple-leaf shell, 73
- Marbach, Austria, 179
- Marbodus, Bishop of Rennes, 160
- Margaret, 305
- Margaret, Pearl of Bohemia, 305
- Margaret Tudor, Queen, 308
- Margaret, wife of James III, 22
- Margarita, wife of Philip III, 432, 452
- Margarita Island, Venezuela, 229, 233, 457
- Margaritarii, 320
- Margaritiferæ, 67, 351
- Margaritifera, 296
- Margherita, Queen of Italy, 438, 442
- Marguerite of Flanders, 426
- Marguerite of France, 381
- Maria Loretto, Prague, 423
- Maria Louise, Empress of France, 461
- Maria de’ Medici, 24, 308
- Maria Theresa, 24 (plate), 179, 395, 473
- Marichchikadde, Ceylon, 109
- Marketing pearls, 349–351, 356–362
- Marlborough, Duchess of, 465
- Marquesas Islands, 189
- Marriott mound, 498
- Martial, 10
- Martin, Daniel S., 492
- Martyr, Peter, 38
- Mary Stuart, 24, 453
- Maryland, 267, 489
- Massachusetts, 265
- Massey-Mainwaring collection, 480
- Massoudi, 86
- Massowah, Egypt, 142
- Matched pearls, 349
- Matheson, Lady, 478
- Maturity of Unios, 74
- Maurus, Rabanus, 304
- Medici, Lorenzo de, 313
- Medicinal use of pearls, 18, 133, 308–314, 351, 360
- Mediterranean Sea, 67, 185, 293
- Megasthenes, 11, 85
- Melbourne, Australia, Chamber of Commerce, 327
- Meleagrina margaritifera, 204, 205
- Melville Island, 190
- Meredith, Owen, 306
- Mergui Archipelago, 70, 133–139, 221
- Metric carat, 325–327
- Metropolitan Museum of Art, 11, 405
- Metz, Charles L., 498
- Mexico, 23, 29, 30, 60, 69, 241–252, 433, 476
- Miami Valley, 489
- Middendorf, Alexander von, 184
- Mikimoto, Kokichi, 292, 293
- Milan, Cathedral of, 17
- Miller, Hugh, 167
- Mills, William C., 491, 496, 500, 506
- Milman, Hugh, 206, 211
- Milton, John, 87, 189, 307
- Mingti, Emperor of China, 145
- Missals, Decoration of, 16, 17
- Mississippi clams, 72–74
- Mississippi River, 258, 264, 271, 272, 273, 359
- Mississippi Valley, 30, 252, 262
- Missouri Historical Society, 509
- Mitsukuri, K., 292
- Möbius, Karl, 43, 176, 178
- Mogeaud, Gaston, 398
- Mogul, Great, 457
- Moldau River, Austria, 178, 179
- Mongareva, 192
- Monster pearls, 353
- Montana, 512
- Monte de Piedad, 476
- Monterey, Cal., 280
- Montpensier, Comte de, 425
- Montpensier, Duchesse de, 437
- Montrose, Duchess of, 478
- Moore, Clarence B., 485, 492
- Moore, Thomas, 37, 241
- Moore, W. H., Pearl of, 482
- Moorehead, Warren K., 485, 490, 499–507
- Moosehead Lake, Maine, 265
- Morales, Gaspar de, 236
- Moravians, 259
- More, Sir Thomas, 22
- Mörenhout, 192
- Morgan, J. de, 403, 405
- Morgan, J. Pierpont, 17
- Morgan-Tiffany Collection, 266, 467
- Moro Province, 215
- Moscow, 461, 463
- Moscow Pearl, 1840, 463
- Mother-of-pearl, 6, 53, 69, 70, 80, 198, 201, 220, 238, 245
- Moulins, Cathedral of, 435
- Mound pearls, 485–511
- Moundville, Ala., 493
- Mulege, Mexico, 243, 245, 251
- Müller, Sophus, 512
- Munshi, Kadir, 51
- Murad I, 421
- Muscat, Arabia, 156
- Muscatine, Iowa, 271, 276
- Musée de l’Hôtel de Cluny, 16, 415
- Mya margaritifera, 287
- Mystic River, Conn., 266
- Mystical properties, 301–308
- Mytilidæ, 75
- Mytilus crasitesta, 148
- Nacre, 51, 53, 54, 66, 70, 288, 289
- Nadenäs, Norway, 180
- Naldi, Pio, 331, 338, 342, 343
- Nao-ratna, 412
- Naples Museum, 409
- Napoleon I, 469
- Napoleon III, 461, 470
- Narahari, 78, 308
- Narvaez, Pánfilo, de, 256
- Nassau, Bahamas, 279
- Nautilus, 59, 351
- Nautilus pompilius, 78, 214, 354
- Nawanagar, India, 132
- Nearchus, 85
- Necklace, Accumulating a, 442
- Necklaces, Method of valuing, 331–333
- Necklace, pearl, 273, 362, 365, 386–388, 404, 439, 443, 471, 473, 478, 480
- Neisse River, Russia, 176
- Nero, 9
- Nesbit, Alexander, 17
- New Brunswick, Canada, 281
- New Cadiz, Venezuela, 229
- New Caledonia, 189, 193, 194
- New Guinea, 67
- New Jersey, 259, 261, 290
- Newport, Arkansas, 276
- New York City, 260, 262
- New York State, 266
- Niggerhead shell, 72
- Nigger hunting, 201
- Nineveh Obelisk, 6
- Nino, Pedro Alonso, 228
- Nishikawa, T., 293, 309, 414
- Nith River, Scotland, 164
- Nitsche, Hinrich, 173, 174 175
- Nonesuch Pond, Mass., 265
- Nordica, Mme., 468, 476 (plate)
- Nordica pearl, 468
- North Carolina, 298
- Norway, 180
- Nose rings, 443
- Notch Brook, N. J., 259, 260
- Notice of fishery, 108, 110, 111, 130
- Nova Scotia, Canada, 281
- Nuclei of pearls, 41, 52, 55, 58, 60, 288, 289, 380
- Nuggets, 353
- Nuremberg, 320, 348
- Nuttal, Mme. Zélie, 433
- Oberstein, Germany, 393
- Ocklocknee River, Fla., 268
- Ocmulgee River, Ga., 268
- Oconee River, Ga., 268, 495
- Oder River, Prussia, 175
- Odet River, France, 170
- Oelsnitz River, Bavaria, 171
- Ogeechee River, Ga., 495
- Ohio, 261, 489
- Ohio Archæological and Historical Society, 490, 506–508
- Ohio River, 264
- Okeechobee Lake, Fla., 494
- Olonetz, Russia, 182, 183
- Oman Coast, Arabia, 142
- Omura, Gulf of, 147
- Oostanaula River, Ga., 267
- Opening pearl mollusks, 122, 139, 198, 209, 250, 255, 271, 273
- Oppert, Jules, 85
- Order of Christ, 439
- Order of Crown of India, 439
- Oregonia, Ohio, 497
- Oriental collections of pearls, 355–357
- Oriental pearls, 351, 359
- Orient or luster, cause of, 53, 54
- Origen 159
- Origin of pearls, 35–48
- Ormus, Island of, 86, 87, 457
- Ortega, Iturbide, 242
- Osio, Manuel, 242
- Ostrea, 53, 66, 351, 467
- Ottoman crown jewels, 421
- Ounce-pearls, 360
- Ourejenaya Palata, Moscow, 17
- Oviedo y Valdes, 229, 237, 451, 455
- Oyster, edible, 77
- Oyster pearls, 351
- Palermo, 475
- Palgrave, W. G., 90
- Panama, 23, 56, 60, 69, 235–241, 451, 452
- Pancake shell, 73
- Panciroli, 450
- Papeiti, 189, 198
- Papers of pearls, 358, 360, 361, 386
- Paphos pin, 405
- Paragon pearls, 56, 352
- Parasitic formation of pearls, 42–46, 295
- Parasitic stage of Unios, 73, 295
- Paris, 358, 477
- Paris, Académie des Sciences, 291
- Passau, Bavaria, 172, 179
- Peabody Museum of Archæology, 486, 490
- Peacock Throne, 458
- Pearl blisters, 389, 390
- Pearl-caps, 184, 185
- Pearl carpet of Baroda, 460
- Pearl cloth, 445
- Pearl coast, 231
- Pearl collar, 388
- Pearl-culture, 177, 285–296
- Pearl, derivation of word, 19, 20
- Pearl drills, 380, 383, 385, 394
- Pearl-dust, 380
- Pearl forms, 295
- Pearl-grading, 343–347
- Pearl Islands, Panama, 239
- Pearl mesh, 445
- Pearl monstrance, 424
- Pearl of Great Price, 7
- Pearl River, N. Y., 266
- “Pearl,” the poem, 20, 51
- Pearls, Annual product of, 79, 80
- Pearls as investments, 350, 355
- Pearls as tears, 307
- Pearls as wedding gifts, 306–307
- Pearls, Bibliography of, 517–538
- Pearls, Qualities of perfection in, 321, 336, 344, 370–372
- Pearly nautilus, 78
- Pear-shaped pearls, 56, 349, 352, 382, 456, 470
- Pecatonica River, Wisconsin, 262
- Pecten yezocusis, 148
- Pedrarias, 236
- Peelers, 353
- Peeling pearls, 58, 375–377
- Pegging pearls, 388
- Pelly, Sir Lewis, 88
- Penang, 221
- Pendants, 404, 442, 474
- Pennant, Thomas, 163
- Pennsylvania, 259, 261, 266
- Penrhyn, 189, 193
- Perazolli, A., 143
- Percival, Robert, 94, 104
- Periplus of the Erythræan, 100
- Perlbach River, Bavaria, 171
- Perle dolce, 343
- Perna, 155
- Peroz Pearl, 450
- Persia, 5, 31, 85–99, 404
- Persian Gulf, 65, 67, 85–99
- Perthshire, Scotland, 165, 166
- Peru, 238
- Peruvian aristocracy, 433
- Petal pearls, 352, 360
- Petrie, George, 425
- Petrie, William F., 403
- Phenicians, 319
- Philip II of Spain, 431, 451, 452
- Philip IV of Spain, 350
- Philippine Commission, 217
- Philippine Islands, 213, 217
- Philo, 9
- Philostratos, 285
- Pickett, Albert H., 492
- Piebald pearls, 60
- Piercing pearls, 350.
- See Drilling pearls.
- Pigeons, 169
- Pigopitta, 213
- Pinna nobilis, 155
- Pinna pearls, 55, 75, 351
- squamosa, 355
- Pirate coast, 88, 89, 91
- Pirningerbach, Austria, 179
- Pisa, 24
- Placuna pearls, 296, 310, 311, 351
- Placuna placenta, 45, 76, 127, 132, 148, 221, 355
- Plagiola securis, 73
- Pleurobema œsopus, 73
- Pliny, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 36, 38, 55, 85, 159, 314, 315, 406, 409, 449
- Poland, 355
- Polishing pearls, 377
- Polo, Marco, 19, 100, 116, 310, 357, 411, 414
- Pomaré, Queen, 192, 198
- Pompeiian pearls, 409
- Pompey, 9
- Pooto, China, 289
- Port Darwin, Australia, 205
- Port Kennedy, Australia, 205
- Porter group of mounds, 490, 498
- Porter, Sir Robert Ker, 459
- Portuguese East Africa, 156
- Portuguese Order of Christ, 439
- Pottier, M., 407
- Powder pearls, 344, 345
- Powhatan, 486, 487
- Prague, 416, 423, 434, 455
- Prague, Association of Jewelers and Goldsmiths of, 327
- Prairie du Chien, Wis., 262, 272, 275, 276
- Prince Edward Island, Canada, 281
- Procopius, 11, 450
- Prussian regalia, 420
- Ptolemy, 85
- Putnam, F. W., 485, 490, 498
- Puton, Ernest, 169
- Quackenbush, Jacob, 260
- Quadrula ebena, 72
- Quahog, 77
- Quebec, Canada, 281
- Queen Mary Pearl, 275
- Queen Pearl, 260, 465
- Queensland, Australia, 199, 206
- Queiss River, Prussia, 176
- Quelpaerd Island, 149
- Ramayana, 4
- Randell & Bridge, 417
- Ratnagiri, India, 132
- Rau, Charles, 494
- Rau, Sebaldus, 95
- Rawlinson, Sir Henry, 6
- Read, Charles Hercules, 405, 510
- Réaumur, 40
- Reccesvinthus, Crown of, 16, 415–416
- Redding, Sir Robert, 162
- Red Sea, 31, 67, 69, 139–144, 285
- Reed River, Florida, 256, 257
- Regalia, 418–420, 443, 460, 473
- Regen River, Bavaria, 172
- Regulation of fishery, 193, 197, 204, 211, 218, 277
- Renaudot, 18
- Reues, Francis, 169
- Rhode Island, 259
- Rhodesia Museum, 513
- Ribeiro, Joano, 94
- Richard II, 22
- Rigveda, 4
- Ring-a-round pearls, 56, 353
- Rings with pearls, 438, 442
- Robinson, Edward, 12, 405
- Rock Island, Ill., 271
- Rock River, 262, 274
- Rogkerus. See Rugerus.
- Rome, Georgia, 267
- Rome, Pearls in ancient, 8, 9, 12, 320, 406–410
- Rondelet, Gulielm, 40
- Rosales, Manuel Laudecta, 233
- Rosaries, 413
- Rosenberg Palace, Copenhagen, 59, 476
- Rosengarten Museum, Constance, 512
- Rosnel, Pierre de, 306, 338
- Rotschildt, Don A. de, 437
- Round pearls, 352, 470
- Royal fifth, 243, 244
- Rubies, 79, 330, 371, 392, 412, 417, 439
- Rückert, Friedrich, 35
- Rudolph II, 24, 455, 473
- Rugerus, 381, 423
- Rundell, Bridge & Rundell, 233
- Rupprecht, Prince, 302
- Russia, 463
- Russian Jewesses, 184
- Russian Treasury at Moscow, 414
- Rymsdyck, J. & A. van, 342, 371
- Saddle decorations, 360, 444
- Sadi, Shaikh, 37
- Safe-guarding pearls, 357, 399, 400
- Sahayun, Bernadino de, 433
- St. Augustine, 304
- St. Barbara, 435
- St. Denis, Paris, 425, 429, 430
- St. Domingo, Lima, 432
- St. Edward’s crown, 418
- St. Francis River, Ark., 263, 264
- St. Francisville, Ill., 276
- St. Jerome, 10
- St. Ludmilla, 417
- St. Margaret Ætheling, 305
- St. Margaret of Antioch, 305
- St. Petersburg, 462
- St. Stephen’s crown, 416
- Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, 425, 427
- Sales of pearls, 477–481
- Salisbury, England, 490
- Sand shells, 73
- Sandius, Christopher, 39
- San José Island, Mexico, 248
- San José Island, Panama, 239
- San Miguel, Panama, 239
- San Vitale, Ravenna, 15
- Sanskrit literature, 4, 36
- Santa Barbara, Cal., 280, 281
- Santo Domingo, Mexico, 434
- Santos, João dos, 153
- Sapphire, 371, 412, 439
- Satsuma, Japan, 147
- Saumaise, Claude de, 9
- Savannah River, 253, 452, 493, 495
- Saville, H. M., 282
- Saxony, Fisheries of, 173–175
- Scaphander, 137, 171, 196, 203, 234, 240, 247, 282
- Scarf-pins, 443
- Schärding, Austria, 179
- Scharff, R. F., 425
- Schleswig-Holstein, 178
- Schmerler family, 174, 177, 178
- Schulz, Aurel, 154
- Schuylkill River, Penn., 266, 267
- Schwarzbach River, Russia, 183
- Schwarzenberg, Count, 178, 434
- Schwarzenberg family, 178
- Schwesnitz River, Bavaria, 171
- Scioto River, Ohio, 491, 506
- Scioto Valley, Ohio, 489
- Scotch pearls, 17, 160–164, 167, 319, 343, 427, 464
- Scotland, 17, 160–167
- Scott, Sir Walter, 35, 305, 419
- Scriptural references, 6, 7, 449
- Season, Fishery, 89, 109, 114, 141, 206, 240, 246, 250, 271, 277
- Seed-pearls, 18, 56, 124, 221, 273, 309, 337, 342, 352, 391
- Seed-pearl jewelry, 390–392
- Selangs, 134, 139
- Selling pearls, 276, 356, 361
- Seneca, 10
- Sermonata, Duchess of, 439
- Servia, 304
- Servilia pearl, 10, 449
- Setting pearls, 384, 388, 389, 393
- Seugne River, France, 171
- Seurat, L. G., 44
- Seven Sisters of Sleep, 310
- Shabl Abdullah, 306
- Shah Jehan, 458
- Shah’s pearls in 1820, 459
- Shah’s tippet, 459
- Shakspere, 35, 122, 314, 319
- Shark-charmers, 115, 116
- Sharks, 117, 138, 144, 208, 249
- Shark’s Bay, Australia, 57, 60, 70, 200, 211, 468
- Shelley, P. B., 212, 278
- Shell-heaps, 492
- Shells, Commercial varieties, 69, 70, 72, 73, 124, 141, 143, 221
- Shells, Product of, 80, 99
- Shells, Sweet-water, 264
- Shepaug River, Conn., 266
- Shrine of St. Patrick’s Gospels, 424
- Shuangtze, 302
- Shu King, 5
- Siam, Gulf of, 149
- Siamese decoration, 439
- Sibbald, Robert, 161
- Siberia, Fisheries of, 147
- Sieves (peddi) for pearls, 344
- Silesia, Germany, 175
- Silk threads for pearls, 387
- Silva-Tierra, Father, 242
- Simmonds, Vane, 291
- Simpson, James J., 155
- Sinaloa, Mexico, 244, 248
- Singapore, 135, 149, 220
- Size of pearls, 328, 344
- Slaney River, Ireland, 162
- Slugs, 272, 275, 352, 360
- Smith, Captain John, 486
- Smith, Charles Roach, 414
- Smith, Harlan I., 492
- Smith, Sir J. E., 287
- Smithsonian Institution, 490
- Smithville, Tenn., 263, 276
- Snail shell, 139, 148
- Snyder, J. F., 509
- Sofala, Africa, 106, 153
- Sokotra Islands, 142
- Solomon, 301
- Solubility of pearls, 55
- Sonnapore mussels, 132
- Sonora, Mexico, 241, 244, 245, 248, 251
- Sorting pearls, 385
- Soto, Hernando de, 253, 255, 452
- Sources of pearls, 65–81
- Sourindro Mohun Tagore, 309
- South America, 65, 282
- South Carolina, 492
- Southern Cross, 57, 466, 467
- South Kensington Museum, 464
- South Sea Islands, 29, 30, 189–198
- Spain, 327, 355
- Spanish crown jewels, 452
- Spanish jewelry, 432
- Specific gravity of pearls, 52
- Spenser, Edmund, 161
- Spey River, Scotland, 164
- Spherical pearls, 55, 56
- Springs, Fresh-water, 96
- Squier, E. George, 485, 489, 490
- Stang-Alla River, France, 170
- Statistics of fisheries, 80, 88, 91, 98, 100, 103, 105, 126, 136, 143, 246
- Stavanger, Norway, 180
- Stearns, Frederick E., 279
- Steever, E. Z., 468
- Steinbach River, Germany, 177
- Steir River, France, 170
- Stilicho pearls, 12
- Stock-book for pearls, 324
- Stoddard, C. W., 194
- Strachey, William, 487, 488
- Strawberry pearls, 56, 353
- Streeter, E. W., 214, 349, 390, 465
- Stringing pearls, 386–388
- Strombus gigas, 77, 278, 351
- Strozzi, Philip, 436
- Structure of pearls, 51–55
- Stupefying mollusks, 292
- Suakin, Egypt, 140
- Sudbury River, Mass., 265
- Suetonius, 10, 159
- Sugar River, Wisconsin, 262
- Sultan of Sulu, 215, 217, 220, 350, 468
- Sulu Archipelago, 70, 213, 214–220, 350, 468
- Sumptuary laws, 10, 25–28
- Susa necklace, 386, 404, 405
- Sweden, 180, 286, 290
- Sweetness of pearls, 305
- Sydney, Australia, 201
- Sydney shell, 70
- Symphynota complanata, 73
- Syracusan coins, 409
- Syria, Pearls in ancient, 386, 406
- Syrian pearl merchants, 357
- Tabari, 411, 415
- Tablegram Lake, Ceylon, 127
- Tacitus, 159
- Tahiti, 189, 190, 196, 290
- Talmud, 7
- Talomeco, Temple of, 254, 452
- Taoists, 302
- Tararequi pearls, 236, 451
- Tariff on pearls, 362–369
- Tasso, Torquato, 153
- Taunton, Henry, 58, 202, 466
- Tavernier, J. B., 56, 60, 87, 97, 147, 172, 331, 412, 456
- Tavernier pearls, 456–458
- Taylor mound, 497
- Tay River, Scotland, 163, 164
- Tears, Pearls as, 35, 307–308
- Teheran, Persia, 458, 459
- Teifashi, Ahmad ibn, 335
- Teith River, Scotland, 164
- Teixeira, Pedro, 40, 103, 242
- Temple of Talomeco, 254, 452
- Tennessee, 262, 263, 276, 494
- Tennessee River, 263, 494
- Tennyson, Alfred, 305
- Terron, Juan, 255
- Texas, 261, 262
- Theft of pearls, 118, 123, 210, 232
- Theodora, Mosaic of, 15
- Theophrastus, 8, 405
- Thiers necklace, 398, 465
- Three-ridge shells, 72
- Thursday Island, 205, 207
- Thurston, Edgar, 131
- Tiana, Captain, 216
- Tiaras, 443
- Tiffany & Co., 394
- Tiffany, Charles L., 260, 276, 350
- Tiffany Queen Pearl, 260, 465
- Tomaco, 235
- Tonti, 505
- Top-shaped pearls, 352
- Torres Straits, 199, 201, 210, 211
- Transylvania, 432
- Treves, Cathedral of, 422
- Tridacna gigas, 53, 76, 144, 296
- Triptych, 433
- Tritigonia verrucosa, 73
- Troiza Monastery, Moscow, 424
- Tuamotu Islands, 29, 189, 190, 196, 198, 294
- Turbinella rapa, 78
- Turbo marmoratus, 139
- Turner group of mounds, 490, 499
- Turtleback pearls, 56, 353, 360
- Tuticorin, India, 128, 130
- Twynam, Sir William, 117
- Tyszkiewicz statuette, 12
- Uelzen, Germany, 176
- Uffizi, Florence, 12, 407, 436
- Uhler, P. R., 489
- Ulloa, Antonio de, 238
- Ulmann, H., 512
- Ungava, Canada, 281
- Unio complanata, 73, 265
- Unionidæ, 72, 351
- Unios, 59, 72–74, 259, 261, 268, 272, 290, 291, 294
- United States, 252–278, 291
- United States National Museum, 290, 494
- University of Moscow, 59
- Unripe pearls, 61
- Urim and Thummim, 412
- Uzaramo, Africa, 154
- Vaca, Cabeza de, 256
- Values of pearls, 273, 274, 275, 279, 281, 282, 329–349, 350, 361, 470, 474
- Van Buren pearls, 464
- Van Dort, K., 149
- Vatican, 407
- Vaughan, Rice, 338
- Vedas, 3, 4, 301
- Veerapandianpatanam, 130
- Vega, Garcilasso de la, 253, 254, 452
- Venezuela, 23, 31, 38, 70, 225–235, 354, 457
- Venice, 24, 25–27, 320, 348
- Venus, 306, 467
- Venus de Medici, 407
- Venus de Milo, 408
- Venus Genetrix, 159, 407
- Venus mercenaria, 77, 488
- Venus of the Pantheon, 407, 449
- Venus, Statues of, 10, 11
- Venus, Temple of, 9
- Vermont, 262
- Vernatti, Sir Philiberto, 94
- Verrazano, Juan, 256
- Victor Emanuel II, 468
- Victoria, Association of Manufacturing Jewelers of the Colony of, 327
- Victoria crown, 417
- Victoria, Princess, 438
- Victoria, Queen, 163, 167, 425
- Vienna, 395, 472
- Vilshofen, Finland, 290
- Vils River, Bavaria, 171
- Vincennes, Indiana, 276
- Vinegar, 315
- Virgin pearls, 308
- Virginia, 486, 488, 489
- Vitellius, 10
- Vladimir crown, 417
- Vogtland, Saxony, 173
- Volga River, Russia, 181
- Vologne River, France, 169, 170
- Von Middendorf, 184
- Vosges mountains, 169
- Wabash River, 264, 265
- Waddesden collection, 59
- Wahibis of Pirate Coast, 89
- Waistcoat buttons, 443
- Waizkirchen, 179
- Waldheim, G. Fischer de, 461
- Walk, How Unios, 74
- Walpole, Horace, 454
- Walters, Henry, 394
- Washington, George, 438
- Washington, State of, 262
- Water-telescopes, 141, 194, 268, 278
- Waynesville, Ohio, 261
- Webster, John, 307
- Wedding gifts of pearls, 476
- Weighing pearls, 321–329, 346
- Weights of pearls, 56, 251, 327, 330, 481, 482
- Welker, Landreth, 177
- Wellsted, J. R., 88, 93, 142
- Wenkheim, Countess, 434
- West Indies, 278
- Westminster Abbey, 454
- White Cart River, Scotland, 161
- White Main River, Germany, 176
- White River, Arkansas, 263, 264
- Whitfield, R. P., 512
- Whittier, J. G., 252
- Wijayo, King, 4
- Willoughby, Charles C., 486, 488
- Window-glass shell, 76.
- See Placuna.
- Wing pearls, 352, 359
- Wire threads for pearls, 388
- Wisconsin, 262, 276
- Wohlberedt, O., 173
- Women as fishermen, 149, 155, 189, 264
- Wordsworth, Wm., 305
- World’s Columbian Exposition, 490, 500, 501
- Worms, Parasitical, 43–45
- Wottawa River, Austria, 178, 179
- Wright, Marie Robinson, 511
- Wyman, Jeffries, 493
- Wynne, Sir Richard, 161
- Xavier, St. Francis, 131
- X-ray examination, 71
- Yaqui Indians, Mexico, 242, 243, 246
- Yellow pearls, 97, 98, 212, 351, 354, 377, 468
- Youssoupoff, Princess, 461, 462
- Ythan River, Scotland, 164
- Yucatan, 511
- Yu Shun Yang, 290
- Zanzibar, 156
- Zonaras, 450
- Zozima pearl, 461, 462
- Zwemer, S. M., 35