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The complete works of John Gower, volume 3

Chapter 10: FOOTNOTES:
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About This Book

This collected volume of Middle English poetry presents an extended framed narrative composed of moralizing tales, together with a shorter encomium on peace. The central sequence arranges exempla as instruction on love and conduct, drawing on classical, biblical, and popular sources to probe virtues and vices such as avarice, justice, and the responsibilities of rulers. Narrative stories alternate with explicit moral commentary, and the poems combine learned allusion and vivid anecdote to teach ethical lessons and reflect on social order.

FOOTNOTES:

1454 13 the om. AM ... B₂, AdBTΔΛ, W
1455 37 wiste AJ, F wist C, B
1456 48 his A
1457 60 Cham AJ Chaym (Caym) H₁ ... B₂, AdBT, W
1458 71 Cham AJM Chaym (Caym) H₁ ... B₂, AdBT, W
1459 72 Delbora H₁ ... B₂ (Debora E), Δ, W
1460 77 into A, FW vnto CLB₂, B
1461 79 the om. A
1462 98 Habraham J, FK rest Abraham
1463 100 was þo AML
1464 136 tribus MH₁CB₂, TΔ, W Irahel (Irael) J, FK rest Israel
1465 145 bode H₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1466 148 it om. GC, BΔ
1467 170 in such AdBTΔ
1468 177 I myhte AM
1469 185 The AM, W
1470 188 such AJ, B suche F
1471 210 margin impune om. BT, W inpunitum E
1472 212 margin priuauit] preliauit H₁ ... B₂
1473 205 so om. AdBT
1474 228 vnto MCL, BT
1475 231 and made] he made AM ... B₂, AdTB
1476 237 gret AC, B grete F
1477 239 not (nought) goode AM ... B₂, AdBT
1478 245 Irahel as in l. 136
1479 257 And þat AdBT
1480 262 ago AM ... B₂, AdBTΔ
1481 280 margin ipse prius FK, om. A ... B₂, BT (Lat. om. AdΔ, W)
1482 291 chambre (chamber) MH₁XEC, AdBTΔ, WK
1483 293 and] of AM ... B₂, AdBT
1484 298 The king H₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1485 310 which om. B
1486 337 S resumes
1487 354 the om. AdBT, W
1488 355 how þat H₁ ... B₂, AdB
1489 358 soghte (soughte) A ... CB₂, SAdTB (In al wise he him be þowt Δ)
1490 362 that om. BTΔ, W
1491 371 þis wise EB₂, BΔ
1492 403 sturne F sterne A, SB lok] word B
1493 416 of of F
1494 419 this] þat AdBT the B₂
1495 428 margin Indignacio—Appolini om. SΔ (as also the marginal notes following down to l. 1020)
1496 443 his om. B
1497 446 esmaied JEC, S, FK amaied (amayed) AMH₁XGRLB₂, AdBT dismaied Δ, W
1498 462 tyde AMX, W
1499 467 margin mare om.
1500 F as evere he] as he H₁ ... B₂, Ad as þey BT
1501 469 In] Her(e) AdBTΛ be] ben wiþ AdBTΔΛ, W
1502 471 hale up] haleþ AM ... B₂, AdBTΛ
1503 483 deelful (deleful) AML, W deedful (dedful) H₁ ... CB₂, AdTΛ dedly B
1504 492 stonden B₂, AdBTΔ, WK
1505 496 margin Nota om. A ... B₂, BT (Lat. om. SAdΔ)
1506 505 Taliart F Thaliart AJ, SB
1507 507 box AM ... B₂, AdBT
1508 510 spare he FK rest spare
1509 513 Taliart J, F Thaliart A, SB
1510 535 He] His F
1511 539 which B
1512 548 him H₁, AdBT
1513 553 whan (when) AJC, B whanne S, F
1514 565 the om. AMH₁XRL, Ad a B
1515 566 him FWK it ACLB₂, B
1516 568 So as] So þat AM ... B₂ (So as G)
1517 573 margin prenunciauit B preminuit M
1518 571 a route AM ... B₂, AdBT
1519 574 the which on knees] which on his knees E, B which on knees H₁XRLB₂, AdTΔ
1520 582 no] for no H₁E ... B₂
1521 590 As in telling(e) AM, AdT ffor as in telling(e) H₁ ... B₂
1522 598 ygon B
1523 620 avou (avow) A, B, F a vow (a vou) J, S, K
1524 624 altobroke A, S, F al tobroke C, B al to broke J
1525 633 Therof (Ther of) A ... B₂, AdBT Wherefore W
1526 635 a om. AMR
1527 636 was whilom AM ... B₂, AdBT was som tyme J
1528 667 Than (Thanne) AM ... B₂, AdBT afterward B
1529 677 As was herd AdBT
1530 680 game MH₁, AdBTΔ, W gamis X
1531 685 As] And AM ... B₂, AdBT tho] þe H₁ ... B₂, AdBT, WK om. Δ
1532 697 margin aula A ... B₂, BT
1533 705 schulde (scholde) AdBT, W
1534 714 his Mareschal of h. J, S, FK his Marchal of his h. AM ... CB₂, BT his marschal of the h. Δ, W þe Marchal of his h. Ad (ll. 704-714 om. L)
1535 718 hadde B
1536 732 margin maxime ingemiscebat A ... B₂, BT (Latin om. SAdΔ)
1537 747 of þis worldes aghte J, SΔ, FWK þer of (þerof) which I aughte AM ... B₂, AdBT
1538 748 I þer(e) H₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1539 772 taakþ (takeþ) AM
1540 782 he] it AM ... B₂, AdBT
1541 786 hou that] of þat AH₁ ... B₂, AdBT þat M howe W
1542 787 he was] it was H₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1543 809 that] þe H₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1544 817 he scholde AdB
1545 827 Hire] He AdBT
1546 829 of Citole] citole B and citole K
1547 830 tun] time X, B
1548 839 wolde AdBT
1549 845 Touching(e) AM ... B₂, AdBTΛ
1550 852 may so AMR
1551 856 and in game] what in game ME, B and what in game CLB₂, AdT
1552 859 and drinke MCL, BT of drinkyng W
1553 860 that om. AMH₁
1554 872 hir(e) honour AJH₁ ... L, AdBT
1555 875 to make AdBT
1556 892 put AJ, S, F putte C, B
1557 928 þe worldes A ... B₂, AdT
1558 946 fadres (faders) AM ... B₂ (except E), AdΔ
1559 950 Paragraph here F ther] al (alle) AM ... B₂, AdBT
1560 958 which was] þat was W was Ad was riht AM ... B₂, BT
1561 961 and gret AMH₁E ... B₂, BT and of gret X
1562 962 many man AH₁EC, AdBT many men X
1563 970 lede B
1564 975 spousales FK
1565 979 adai (aday) J, F a dai (a day) AC, SB
1566 994 was FWK is A ... B₂, S ... Δ
1567 1000 forto smyte AM
1568 1009 liuen in AH₁ ... B₂, AdBTΔ
1569 1024 lengerr F
1570 1047 here (her) AC, SB hire J, F
1571 1056 deide AdBT
1572 1060 a swoune JC, SB, F aswoune A
1573 1063 and my desir AdBT, W and desir J
1574 1069 it myhte FWK
1575 1076 For evere] Was euer(e) AH₁ ... B₂, AdBT Was neuere M
1576 1098 Latin here and at 1122, 1141, 1151, 1324, 1373, 1424 om. SΔ (up to 2029 om. Δ)
1577 1102 margin obtusa que C, B obtusaque A, F
1578 1106 marg. in mari A ... B₂, BT
1579 1107 þis AdBT
1580 1110 sich (siche, swiche) AJMRB₂, BΔ, W such(suche) H₁XECL, SAdT, FK
1581 1120 of jeueals a] of Ieweles (Iewels) AM ... B₂, AdBT of the Ieweles a W
1582 1128 tak AJ, S, F take C, B
1583 1131 whan (when) AJ, SB whanne F
1584 1142 This prince AJM, SΔ
1585 1156 margin suum om. A ... B₂, BT
1586 1168 the] þis BΔ, W
1587 1178 was iwounde (I wounde &c.) AM ... L was I bounde B₂ lay ywounde AdBT
1588 1184 which ... is] þat ... was AM ... B₂, AdBT
1589 1206 Ha om. MXR, AdBT, W
1590 1222 hol (hool) C, B, F hole AB₂
1591 1224 margin sacro] facto BT
1592 1240 sih] seiþ AML
1593 1252 line om. B
1594 1253 schal] haþ AdBT
1595 1258 took(e) LB₂ AdBT, W
1596 1260 made AH₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1597 1274 seiled AdBT
1598 1277 And FW Tho ACLB₂, B
1599 1293 whiche A, S, F which JC, B
1600 1315 And parceiuen þat it B
1601 1319 þe FW his ACLB₂, B
1602 1334 worþe J, F worþ AC, SB
1603 1364 wher þat AM ... B₂, AdBT, W
1604 1371 swer(e) E ... B₂, K sware X
1605 1373 margin occideret A ... B₂, BT
1606 1374 cherlissh (cherlische &c.) H₁ ... B₂, AdBT, K
1607 1375 wher(e) H₁ ... B₂, AdBTΔ, W
1608 1378 margin Pirate ibidem prope] Pirate ibidem A ... B₂ ibidem BT
1609 1383 margin reddiderunt AM
1610 1388 þat sche AM ... B₂, AdBT
1611 1389 and þis cry A
1612 1399 thei] sche B
1613 1413 fecchen (fechen) AM ... B₂, AdB sechen T
1614 1415 hir] he AM ... B₂, AdBT1
1615 1416 And þat he by (be) H₁ ... B₂ And þat by AM
1616 1423 Paragraph here in MSS.
1617 1424 No wonder þough sche were wo B No wonder þogh sche be wo Ad
1618 1435 nomen wolde þer noght come K nomen wolden þeer (þer) come AM no man (noman) wolde þer(e) come H₁ ... B₂, AdBT mo men wolde ther none come W
1619 1447 kneled BTΔ
1620 1450 good BT
1621 1456 be of rel. AM ... B₂, BT
1622 1465 Which þat AM ... B₂, BT
1623 1476 fro] of AM ... B₂, BT
1624 1484 eny AM ... B₂, B
1625 1503 margin configentes F
1626 1500 Theophile AJC, T, F Theophil B
1627 1505 ich haue AM
1628 1509 kepeþ BT
1629 1512 Now se her after B Now hiere after T
1630 1513 sorweth] crieþ BT
1631 1523 make BT om. W
1632 1534 the om. AM, Δ, W
1633 1544 forto clare] to declare AM ... B₂, BT
1634 1555 told A, B, F tolde C
1635 1593 margin celebrari A ... B₂, BT, W
1636 1590 Paragraph here FWK, at 1595 in most other copies
1637 1621 þat cite H₁XELB₂, BT
1638 1633 be] were B
1639 1637 which a s. AM ... B₂, AdBT
1640 1641 so] þe AM
1641 1646 here LB₂, Δ, W
1642 1649 Paragraph here ALB₂, BT at 1652 J, SAd, FW Tho] Thus A ... B₂
1643 1661 all(e) þe weies AM ... B₂, AdBT
1644 1683 many F many a ALB₂, B, W
1645 1687 madd man S madd mad man F
1646 1710 hol B, F hole AB₂
1647 1713 was FW is ALB₂, B
1648 1715 that om. AM, W
1649 1732 toke J, S, F tok (took) AEC, B
1650 1750 þat lond AJM, SΔ
1651 1754 maiden] doughter B
1652 1756 which was þo h. AM
1653 1761 of yong] ȝong of E, B
1654 1790 þe king JC
1655 1792 vnto H₁ ... B₂, AdB, W
1656 1836 he in F in he A ... B₂, S ... Δ, WK
1657 1842 euidence AdBT
1658 1843 thanne aboute] al (alle) aboute AM ... B₂, AdT þer aboute B
1659 1854 aswowe AM aswowen B
1660 1861 That] Which AM ... B₂, AdBT
1661 1877 þe queene AM ... B₂, AdBT
1662 1890 topseil(e) cole H₁ ... B₂, AdBTΔ, W
1663 1892 havene] haue C, AdBT, W þe hauen B₂
1664 1911 what he w. X ... B₂, AdBT
1665 1912 ff. margin Qualiter—fecit om.
1666 1920 lord B
1667 1921 thanne] þat AM ... B₂, AdBT
1668 1924 Wher of (Wherof) H₁ ... B₂, AdBT, W
1669 1927 And FW A ACLB₂, B
1670 1928 Up to] Vpon AM ... B₂, AdBT
1671 1931 on honde AM ... B₂, AdBT, W
1672 1939 he herde AM, W
1673 1940 wiste(n) how it AM ... B₂, AdBT, W
1674 1967 In which AM ... B₂, AdBT
1675 1973 wil (wol) conceyue H₁EL, W wol(e) resceyue AdBT
1676 1978 is befalle AdB, W was falle L
1677 1992 was him AM, Δ, W
1678 1999 his lif was write A ... B₂, S ... Δ as it is write FWK
1679 2006 he hadde al] he hadde J, SΔ (had) hadde (had) AM ... B₂, AdBT
1680 2009 margin Confessor ad Amantem om. JEC, AdBT Confessor B₂, Δ, W
1681 2047 skile] sike AdBT
1682 2056 let S, F lete AJ, B
1683 2062 truffles AJC, S, F trifles (triffles) L, B travailes W
1684 2071 Conseile J, S, F Conseil (Counseil) AC, B
1685 2073 Thi (þy) cause A ... B₂, S ... Δ where] þer B
1686 2086 noght faile] auaile AM ... B₂, AdBT (line om. R)
1687 2095 sett] siþe (siþ, seþþe &c.) JH₁ERLB₂, AdBT, W sertein if Δ
1688 2098 it is H₁, FK is it AJMX ... B₂, S ... Δ, W
1689 2104 This BT Thi Ad And W
1690 2106 so be befalle F
1691 2134 set AJ, S, F sette CLB₂, B
1692 2138 agon (a goon) H₁RCB₂, AdBT, W
1693 2153 That feelen noght of þat (om. I fiele) A That feelen noght. be likned to þe herte M
1694 2178 while AM ... B₂, AdBT, W
1695 2179 no certein AdBT the] þo AM
1696 2180 if] wher AM ... B₂, AdBT
1697 2195 techinge J, SΔ, FWK touchynge (touching) AM ... B₂, AdBTΛ
1698 2203 þei (þey) acorden AdBT
1699 2214 wol(e) AdBT
1700 2220 or I trauaile J, S, F the rest or trauaile
1701 2228 a love] of loue AM ... B₂, BT (Haþ love of kinde ȝit Ad)
1702 2240 was] is AdBT
1703 2247 þurghout BT
1704 2251 ȝelpe AdBTΛ
1705 2257 I fynde BTΔ
1706 2270 his om. B
1707 2271 wher AdBT
1708 2284 þis infortune AdBT þilke fortune B₂, Δ that ilke infortune W
1709 2294 gentile AJ, S, F gentil C, B
1710 2298 wold J, S, F wolde AC, B
1711 2319 agame AJMRL, AdT in game Δ in grame W
1712 2320 is] was A ... B₂, SBTΔ
1713 2332 if] it AMXE ... B₂, B
1714 2334 Hire B
1715 2342 disteigned AH₁XRLB₂ distreigned M restreigned E
1716 2367 f. Two lines om. S ... Δ (ins. Λ)
1717 2368 The which is holsom to þe seke H₁ ... B₂
1718 2369 f.
Noght al as þou desire woldest
Bot so as þou be resoun scholdest

S ... Δ

1719 2371-2376 Six lines om. S ... Δ
1720 Latin Verses iii. 8 obsequium] obsessum X ... L obessum B₂
1721 2379 ff. margin Hic in exemplum—redarguit] Hic narrat qualiter indignata Venus, amantis languidi infirmitatem inspiciens, ne quid amplius in curia sua attemptare presumat, ipsum insufficientem tanquam pro medicina pluribus exemplis exhortabatur S ... ΔΛ
1722 2386 tome S, F to me AJC, B
1723 2387 wolde H₁ ... B₂, AdBT
1724 2403 Mi loues AM, Λ My loue AdBT (Ad ends with this line)
1725 2409 with om. AM ... B₂, BT
1726 2428 sitte AJC, F sit B
1727 2433 if þat þou wel beþought (be þought) X ... B₂, BTΛ if that thou wel the be thouht H₁
1728 2436 The which AM ... B₂, BTΛ (þat whilom was þe grene gras Δ)
1729 2437 as time now AM ... B₂, BTΛ
1730 2441 Than I AM, BΛ Whan I H₁ ... B₂, T
1731 2442 And wist(e) wel AM ... B₂, BTΛ
1732 2445 ferd AJ, S, F ferde C, B
1733 2446 And cold AM
1734 2462 line om. B
1735 2476 margin Pan id est deus nature A ... B₂
1736 2497 It was AM ... B₂, BT
1737 2543 Priamus AM, B, W
1738 2573 graue BT
1739 2575 Alquik F Al quik AJ, SB, K
1740 2598 þere F þer (þer) AJC, B
1741 2623 Vluxes BT
1742 2646 Lo, if] See wher AM ... B₂, BT
1743 2650 Which Ceix (om. to) B Which to seke X Which for to se W
1744 2653 wawe A ... B₂, S ... Δ
1745 2656 which] þat AM ... B₂, BT
1746 2664 he lay X, BT (line om. Δ p. m.)
1747 2670 manye] fele AM ... B₂, BT
1748 2672 here visage AM ... B₂, BT
1749 2675 pipes AM ... B₂, BT piper Δ
1750 2676 noise] merþe AM ... B₂, BT
1751 2678 sowned AM ... B₂, BT
1752 2694 Iuesses eek AM Iues boþe (Iewes both) KW Iewes (Iues &c.) eek H₁ ... B₂, BT
1753 2696 wher he was AM wher(e) he were X ... B₂, BT if he were H₁, W
1754 2701 no wonder B
1755 2702 put AJ, F putte C, B
1756 2706 so] also E, BT þo Δ
1757 2769 benyce J, S, FK be nyce (by nice &c.) AM ... B₂, BTΔ, W
1758 2775 margin Nota LB₂, F Nota bene C om. A ... R, SBTΔ, WK
1759 2796 pitte F putte AJC, SB
1760 2809 whiche S, F which AJC, B
1761 2819 margin Nota contra senes voluptuosos, quorum calor refrigescente natura extinctus est SBTΔ (om. Λ)
1762 2833 Outwiþ SΔ, FWK Out wiþ AJM, TΛ Therwiþ (Ther wiþ) H₁ ... B₂ On which B
1763 2837 margin equiperatur A equipatur C, BT, F
1764 2848 of flour of lef AM ... CB₂ and floure of leef L
1765 2850 þis time H₁ ... B₂
1766 2856 Somerfare S, F somer fare AJC, B
1767 2860 straied] frayed AM ... B₂
1768 2885 forth] for EC, BTΛ
1769 2889 for to laste BT
1770 2899 the om. AM
1771 2907 pur AM ... B₂, B, W pour H₁, T
1772 2925 moral vertu AM ... B₂, W vertu morar S
1773 2926 Wher ben þe M, TΛ Ther ben þe B
1774 2931 pernable J, SΔ, FK parnable W prouable (prouable) AM ... B₂, BTΛ
1775 2938 Here begins a new hand in F and ll. 2938-2966 are over an erasure.
1776 2942 serred S
1777 2945 wiste ST wist B, F
1778 2946 hire (hir) BTΔ, WK here S, F
1779 2968 hol B, F hole S
1780 2970 lieue F
1781 2971 The J, B
1782 2973 ff. margin Hic in anno—periclitabatur SΔ, FK om. BTΛ, W
1783 2987 Wol] Wel S
1784 2989 liue BTΔ, W lieue S, FK
1785 2994 wordles F
1786 3005 f. Paragraph begins And ouer þis S To seche FWK No Paragraph BT
1787 3006 how þat is B howe it is W
1788 3013 comune (commune) SBT, F comyn W
1789 3015 contekt FK contect SBT Contek W contek and Magd contel and Δ
1790 3023 comun B, F comune ST
1791 3026 þer fore (þerfore) FK þerof (þer of) SBTΔ, W
1792 3037 machandie F merchandie S
1793 3046 mechil F mekull W mochil SBT
1794 3054 oþre wise S, F oþer w. BTΔ, WK
1795 3060 is al B
1796 3063 forto ... forto S for to ... forto F for to ... for to BT
1797 3066 wiþouten F wiþoute SBT
1798 3081 beþ F ben (be) SBTΔ, WK
1799 3085 oþre wise F oþrewise S oþerwise BT othir wyse W
1800 3094 nouȝt F noght S nought B not T, W
1801 3098 vertu B
1802 3113 whanne F
1803 3131 mot ST, W mote B, F
1804 3147 Hand in F changes again
1805 3150 euerydai F euery day SBT
1806 3160 noman F no man SBT
1807 3169 fforþwiþ F fforþ wiþ SBT
1808 Explicit 5 f. Last two lines om. AJCL
1809 6 sub eo que recumbe S
1810 2941* ff. This conclusion is in first recension copies only, A ... B₂ &c. But ll. 2941*-2961* also in Λ. All variations from A are noted.
1811 2949* moost A
1812 2953* eende A al J
1813 2960* world AMX betidde (bitidde) JH₁ECB₂ by tydde (be tidde) AMRL
1814 2961* sihte (sighte) JR syht (sight) AMH₁ECLB₂
1815 2963* f. straghte: cawhte AM strauhte: cauhte J straght(e): caght(e) RL straughte: caughte EC
1816 2964* righte (rihte) JEC riht (right) AMH₁R
1817 2965* Hoom AM and om. C
1818 2966* hole J hoole AM
1819 2967* f. hoonde: foonde AM
1820 Latin Verses iv.* 3 ceptra AM
1821 2974* mad J maad A
1822 2978* erþly C eerþli AM erþely JH₁ERLB₂
1823 2983* f. hoonde: foonde AM
1824 2987* be J
1825 2988* byfounde A by founde M
1826 2995* f. loond: foond A
1827 2998* inbroughte JH₁
1828 3003* kepte ECB₂ kept AJMH₁RL
1829 3005* bee A
1830 3008* bischadewed (byshadewed) AMH₁E by schadewed (by schadowed) RCLB₂ beschaded J
1831 3009* Bot JH₁
1832 3011* Wiþin AM
1833 3013* hed (hede) JM heed A heued H₁E ... B₂
1834 3015* f. clier: power J cleer: poweer A
1835 3016* dooþ AM
1836 3017* only hier at hom to seke J oonly heer athoom to seeke A
1837 3018* acord JER acorde AC eeke AEC
1838 3020* been AMC by holde AM
1839 3022* hihe H₁RLB₂ hie J
1840 3023* a gret (agret) JCL a grete (agrete) AMH₁ &c.
1841 3024* been A
1842 3037* f. dooþ: sooþ AMR
1843 3029* f. pees: chees AMR
1844 3033* f. vertuows: graciows AM
1845 3036* And for to CB₂ maake A
1846 3040* Stoonde AM the] his J
1847 3041* by welde AMH₁
1848 3042* sekenesse AMH₁R
1849 3045* be J
1850 3050* bok J book AC
1851 3052* besinesse (besynesse) JH₁RL bisinesse A busynesse C
1852 3053* seeknesse (seknesse) JC seekenesse (sekenesse &c.) AMH₁R
1853 3055* book by gan to maake A
1854 3056* by taake A
1855 3058* looke A ooþer AM
1856 3060* f. somdeel A
1857 3061* of game J
1858 3062* as AJM for H₁XRCLB₂
1859 3063* been A
1860 3069* f. toold: oold A
1861 3070* Bot J
1862 3072* ooþer A
1863 3073* book A &c.
1864 3074* dooþ AM
1865 3076* taake A
1866 3077* nomoore of loue maake A
1867 3078* Bot J maake A
1868 3079* sit J sitte AMRCLB₂
1869 3084* Bot J
1870 3085* alooþerwise A
1871 3087* Whan game is beste A
1872 3089* f. moore: moore A
1873 3091* f. heele: heele AM
1874 3097* f. Bot J
1875 3104* Bot J
1876 3106* love om. AM
1877 3107* hoolde A
1878 3108* wol byholde (biholde) ARCL wil biholde B₂ wel be holde J wel byholde M
1879 3110* ous J
1880 3113* pees AMC
1881 3114* been endelees AM At the end Amen MXERCLB₂